JPH0259944B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention corrects the apparent deviation of the chucking position of the test piece in the horizontal and vertical directions when performing a tensile test on a marked test piece of rubber, synthetic resin, etc. The present invention relates to a method for tracking a marked line in tensile tests, etc., which enables accurate measurement of the center position of the marked line after testing.

The contents will be explained below based on the illustrated embodiment.

Fig. 1 shows an overall schematic diagram of the marked line tracking device, in which 1 is a test piece made of rubber, synthetic resin, etc., and an upper marked line 2 and a lower marked line 3 are placed at appropriate positions with a predetermined distance l. It has been done.

Reference numeral 4 is an upper clamp that clamps the upper side portion 5 of the test piece 1. This upper clamp 4 is attached to the load cell 6 and also serves as a stationary side clamp. A lower clamp 7 holds the lower side 8 of the test piece 1, and this lower clamp 7 is also a movable clamp that is moved in the direction of arrow T by a screw rod 9.

Reference numeral 10 denotes a gear head connected to the screw rod 9, which is operated by a motor 11 to move the screw rod 9 in the direction of arrow T to perform a tensile test on the test piece 1.

Reference numeral 12 denotes an upper marking line tracking device which is attached to a screw rod 13 and is configured to move vertically as the screw rod 13 rotates.

Reference numeral 14 denotes a lower marking line tracking device which is attached to a screw rod 15 and is configured to move vertically as the screw rod 15 rotates.

Reference numeral 16 is a motor for rotating the screw rod 13, and is controlled by a motor controller 17 to determine the direction and amount of rotation. Reference numeral 18 denotes a motor for rotating the screw rod 15, and is controlled by a motor controller 19 to determine the direction and amount of rotation. Reference numeral 20 denotes an encoder which is attached to the screw rod 13 and detects the movement of the screw rod 13 and, as a result, the movement of the upper marking line 2 of the test piece 1. Reference numeral 21 denotes an encoder which is attached to the screw rod 15 and detects the movement of the screw rod 15 and, as a result, the movement of the lower marking line 3 of the test piece 1. The irradiated lights L ₁ and L ₂ are emitted from the upper gauge line tracking device 12 and the lower gauge line tracking device 14 in a spot shape to the upper gauge line 2 and the lower gauge line 3, respectively.
It is designed to receive the reflected light L ₁₀ and L ₂₀ .

The upper line tracking device 12 that receives the reflected light L ₁₀ performs photoelectric conversion and sends the electrical signal P ₁ to the differential amplifier 22 .
It is designed to be input into the .

Also, the lower marking line tracking device 14 that received the reflected light L ₂₀
converts photoelectrically and sends the electrical signal _P2 to differential amplifier 2.
It is designed to be input into 3.

24 is a microcomputer device that sends signals from encoders 20 and 21 to I/O port 24A.
, the elongation of the test piece 1 is calculated and displayed on the display 25 in digital or analog form. 26 or 27
is an OR circuit configured to input the initial condition signal and the signals from the differential amplifiers 22 and 23, respectively, through the I/O port 24A of the microcomputer device 24. 14 to be tracked according to the movement of the upper marked line 2 and the lower marked line 3. 28 is a CPU.

In the marked line tracking device shown in FIG. move in the vertical direction, respectively.

Next, the setting of the position before measuring the gauge line interval of the test piece 1 will be explained.

The test piece 1 is placed between the upper clamp 4 and the lower clamp 7.
After the sample is clamped by the upper marker line tracking device 12, the irradiation light _L1 from the upper marker line tracking device 12 is made into a spot shape and is irradiated to an example position _P1 (shown in the second figure) near the upper marker line 2 on the test piece 1.

Also, if the irradiation light _L2 from the lower marked line tracking device 14 is made into a spot shape and moved to an example of a position near the lower marked line 3,
Irradiate Q ₁ . The optical systems of the upper marker line tracking device 12 and the lower marker line tracking device 14 are the same. Accordingly, the I/
O port 24A, OR circuit 26, 27, motor controller 17, 19, motor 16, 18, screw rod 1
3 and 15 are activated, the upper marker line tracking device 12 and the lower marker line tracking device 14 move to track the marker lines 2 and 3, respectively, and spot the irradiation light L ₁ on the point P ₂ , and the irradiation light L ₂
is placed on point _Q2 .

Regarding the correction of the appearance of the specimen in the lateral direction. (3rd
11) Reference numeral 29 denotes a condensing lens system provided in the upper marked line tracing device 12, and irradiates the upper marked line 2 with light from a light source 30 in a spot-like manner as irradiation light _L1 . (An annular portion indicated by R ₁ in the upper part of FIG. 2) 31 is a lens system for condensing the reflected light L ₁₀ and is arranged in front of the reflecting mirror 32 . The image of the upper gauge line 2 is reflected on the light receiving block 34. This reflecting mirror 32 is configured to be rotated by a servo motor 33 as appropriate. Reference numeral 34 denotes a light receiving block appropriately arranged to receive the light reflected by the reflecting mirror 32, and photoelectric converters A and B, which are a combination of an optical fiber 35 as a light receiving part and a light receiving element 36, are placed in a metal frame in the horizontal direction. It is arranged. (See FIG. 6) Also, other light receivers may be employed as the light receiver.

Thus, it is possible to capture the reflected light in the lateral direction of the upper gauge line 2.

Photoelectric converters C and D, which are similar to photoelectric converters A and B, are arranged in the vertical direction and capture the vertically reflected light of the upper gauge line 2.

A differential amplifier 37 detects the difference between the output signals of the photoelectric converters A and B, and operates the servo motor 33 to rotate the reflecting mirror 32 by an angle of deviation so that the difference becomes zero.

Note that the lower marked line tracking device 14 has the same configuration as the upper marked line tracking device 12 and operates in the same manner, so a description thereof will be omitted.

Next, the operation mode of the horizontal direction correction of the upper gauge line 2 will be explained.

Each device operates and stops so that the same amount of light enters the photoelectric converters A and B via the servo motor 33 and the reflecting mirror 32. (See FIG. 9) Therefore, even if the test piece 1 is shifted in the direction of the arrow F, the apparent test piece 1 is chucked correctly in the center, and the apparent correction in the lateral direction is achieved.

Note that the apparent correction of the lower marked line 3 is the same as the apparent correction of the upper marked line 2, so a description thereof will be omitted.

◎About the vertical appearance correction of the test piece. (1st
2 to 17) The photoelectric converter C and the photoelectric converter D, which are composed of the optical fiber 35 and the light receiving element 36 described above, are stacked vertically. (See Figure 7) These photoelectric converters C and photoelectric converters D are also connected to the upper gauge line tracking device 1.
2 and the lower marked line tracking device 14 and have the same configuration, the upper marked line tracking device 12 will be explained as an example.

The photoelectric converter C and the photoelectric converter D can capture the vertically reflected light of the upper gauge line 2.

The operating mode of the vertical direction appearance correction of the upper gauge line 2 is as follows.

Now, assume that the test piece 1 is shifted in the direction of arrow G (see FIG. 13) and held between the upper clamp 5 and the lower clamp 7.

At that time, the reflected light L ₁₀ from the upper gauge line 2 is reflected by the reflecting mirror 32.
The light is reflected by the light receiving block 34 and is incident on the photoelectric converter C of the light receiving block 34. (See FIGS. 7, 12, 16, and 17) Therefore, an imbalance of output signals occurs between the photoelectric converter C and the photoelectric converter D. The generated signals from the photoelectric converters C and D are input to an OR circuit 27 (OR circuit) via a differential amplifier 22, and in order to make the difference zero, the signals are sent to the upper part via a motor controller 17, a motor 16, and a screw rod 13. The marker tracking device 12 is moved so that the same amount of light is incident on the photoelectric converters C and D, and then stopped. (See FIGS. 14 and 15) Therefore, it appears that the test piece 1 is chucked correctly in the middle, and the vertical direction of the upper gauge line 2 is apparently corrected.

Furthermore, when the test piece 1 is chucked with a deviation in the direction of the arrow H (see FIG. 13), the reflected light _L10 from the upper marker line 2 is transmitted to the photoelectric converter D in the light receiving block 34 via the reflecting mirror 32. It is forced to enter the side. (See FIGS. 7, 10, and 17.) Therefore, in this case as well, the operation is similar to that described above, and the upper marking line tracking device 12 is moved, so that the same amount of light is incident on the photoelectric converters C and the photoelectric converters D. Then stop. (See FIGS. 14 and 15) In this state, the vertical appearance of the upper gauge line 2 has been corrected.

Regarding the vertical correction of the lower marked line 3, since the lower marked line tracing device 14 operates in the same manner as the upper marked line tracking device 12, a description thereof will be omitted.

Next, the overall operation of the present invention constructed as described above will be explained.

Upper gauge line 2 and lower gauge line 3 as shown in Figure 18
The test piece 1 having the following properties is held between the upper clamp 4 and the lower clamp 7.

At that time, the upper gauge line tracking device 12 performs apparent correction of the upper gauge line 2 in the horizontal and vertical directions using photoelectric converters A,
The lower marking line tracking device 14 also performs the horizontal and vertical apparent correction of the lower marking line 3 using photoelectric converters A, B, C, and D.

Thus, the upper marked line 2 and the lower marked line 3 are each subjected to apparent correction. Such apparent correction is always performed during the tensile test, and the mark image (upper marked line 2, lower marked line 3) is always aligned with the receiving fiber 3.
It is visualized at the center of 5.

After completing the apparent correction of the horizontal and vertical positions of the test piece 1, the test piece 1 is pulled in the direction of arrow T via the motor 11, gear head 10, screw rod 9, lower clamp 7, etc. As shown in FIG.
The distance between the upper gauge line 2 and the lower gauge line 3 becomes l+Δl=l', and at the same time, the shapes of the upper gauge line 2 and the lower gauge line 3 are also deformed. (See FIG. 21) The extension distance l'' between the upper marked line 2 and the lower marked line 3 is measured by the upper marked line tracking device 12 and the lower marked line tracking device 14, and is displayed on the display 25. The deformation of the marked line 2 and the lower marked line 3 is always automatically corrected as shown in FIG. 21, and the mark image is accurately connected to the center position of the optical fiber 35 while being stretched.

Therefore, the center position (1/2
position), it is possible to measure the correct distance between the marked lines.

Therefore, the present invention has the configuration and operation as described above, and in particular, the tensile test was conducted while apparently correcting the deviation of the marking line in the horizontal and vertical directions on the test piece. It is possible to easily perform highly accurate measurements without having to go through the trouble of moving and correcting the position. In addition, since the light-receiving parts such as optical fibers are arranged in a cross shape within the light-receiving block, the horizontal and vertical displacement components can be detected with high precision. It is also possible to automatically correct the chucking positional deviation of the test piece, and since the center of the width of the sample is always corrected, it is possible to always measure the correct distance between gauge lines.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an overall schematic explanatory diagram of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view of the main parts of the test piece, and FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the relationship between the upper gauge line tracking device and the upper gauge line of the test piece. The case is shown in which the figure shifts in the lateral direction. Fourth
The figures are diagrams for explaining the displacement movement of the test piece in the lateral direction, Fig. 5 is a front view of the light receiving block, Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional plan view of the light receiving block, and Fig. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional side view of the light receiving block. FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the reflecting mirror and photoelectric converters A and B, and FIGS. 9 to 11
The figure is a front view showing the photoelectric converters A and B in the light-receiving block and the light incident state, and Figure 12 is a plan view showing the relationship between the upper mark line tracking device and the upper mark line, and the test piece is shifted in the vertical direction. It shows what happens when it moves. Fig. 13 is a diagram for explaining the vertical displacement movement of the test piece.
Fig. 14 is an enlarged front view of Fig. 15, and Figs. 15 and 16 show the photoelectric converter C in the light receiving block.
FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing the relationship between a reflecting mirror that reflects a mark image in the vertical direction and a light receiving block having photoelectric converters C and D, and FIG. 18 is a tensile test. FIG. 19 is a front view of the test piece after the tensile test. 20th
The figure is a front view showing the state in which the reflected light from the upper gauge line enters photoelectric converters A, B, C, and D equally before the tensile test, and Figure 21 shows the upper gauge line during the tensile test. The light reflected by the line is transmitted to photoelectric converters A, B, C, and D.
FIG. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Test piece, 2... Upper marked line, 12... Upper marked line tracking device, 14... Lower marked line tracking device, 34
...Photodetector block, A, B, C, D...Photoelectric converter.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. The step of apparently correcting the chucking deviation in the horizontal direction of a specimen with marked lines and the step of apparently correcting the chucking deviation in the vertical direction of the test piece are arranged in a cross shape within the light receiving block. A method for tracking a marked line in a tensile test, etc., which comprises the step of performing a tensile test by using a light receiving unit to conduct an optical fiber or the like arranged on the optical fiber, and performing a tensile test while performing both of the above-mentioned apparent corrections. 2. In the statement of claim 1, the marking line tracing in a tensile test, etc., in which the apparent correction in the horizontal and vertical directions is performed independently for the upper marked line and the lower marked line, respectively. Method.