JPH0261570B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an underwater rubble leveling device for flattening the upper surface of rubble mounds piled up on the underwater bottom.

Many of the external facilities such as breakwaters and seawalls in ports are caisson-type hybrid levees, in which concrete caissons are placed on top of rubble mounds piled up at the bottom of the water. The process generally consists of (1) throwing rubble from a ship to the bottom of the water, (2) leveling the rubble, (3) installing a caisson from a ship, (4a) filling the caisson with sand, (4b) installing blocks,
(5) The upper part of the caisson will be constructed.

Figure 1 shows the cross section of the breakwater after construction.
In the figure, 1 is a rubble mound, and 2 is this rubble mound 1.
A caisson installed on the leveled upper surface, 3 is a covering stone covering the upper surface of the rubble mound 1, 4
is a block.

The work of leveling the upper surface of the rubble mound 1 has conventionally been done manually by divers.

Although most other areas of port civil engineering work have been mechanized, the above-mentioned rubble leveling work still has to be done manually by divers. The work efficiency of rubble leveling by divers is extremely poor, and there are increasing calls for mechanization based on the following background.

In other words, (1) there is a shortage of divers due to the aging of the population as there are not many qualified divers. (2) Construction work that requires large-scale, rapid construction is increasing. (3) Ports are expanding offshore and the water depth for construction is increasing. (4) From a safety management perspective, it is necessary to eliminate dangerous manual labor.

For this reason, several mechanized construction methods have been proposed and tried, but none of them have a high level of accuracy.
It has not been put into practical use due to problems with work efficiency, the size of stones that can be leveled, and cost.

Crushed stone, which is usually used as rubble, weighs 30 per piece.
~200Kg, about 30-60cm, and the unevenness after dumping by ship is more than ±50cm, so in order to stably install the caisson, it has to be leveled with very high precision, for example, within ±5cm. is required.

The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to provide an underwater bottom rubble leveling device that satisfies the above-mentioned conditions for leveling rubble and is capable of leveling rubble reliably, accurately, and efficiently. That is.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on FIG. 2 and subsequent figures.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the entire underwater rubble leveling device A according to the present invention, FIG. 3 is a side view, and FIG. 4 is a front view. Reference numeral 5 in the figure indicates a main body leg frame, and this main body leg frame 5 is constructed as shown in Figs. It's structured well. and four legs 6, two on each side in the longitudinal direction.
is provided. This leg 6 is an outer cylinder 7 fixed to the frame body.
and an inner cylinder 8 slidably fitted into the outer cylinder 7,
It consists of a foot 9 provided at the lower end of the inner cylinder 8 and a cylinder device 10 that connects the outer cylinder 7 and the inner cylinder 8 and slides the inner cylinder 8 with respect to the outer cylinder 7. The longitudinal members of each frame body of the main body leg frame 5 are composed of rectangular pipes.

Reference numeral 11 denotes a movable leg frame, and this movable leg frame 11 also has a rectangular planar shape.
Legs 6 having the same structure as the main body leg frame 5 are provided at its four corners.

A walking frame 12 is provided between the upper horizontal frame 5a and the middle horizontal frame 5b of the main body leg frame 5.
The walking frame 1 is slidably engaged with the walking frame 1.
2 and the main body leg frame 5 are connected via a cylinder device 13. The horizontal frame of the movable leg frame 11 is slidably engaged with the walking frame 12 in a direction orthogonal to the main body leg frame 5, and the movable leg frame 11 and the walking frame 12 are connected to the cylinder device 14. are connected.

A truck 15 is movably engaged with the middle horizontal frame 5b and the lower horizontal frame 5c of the main body leg frame 5 over the entire length thereof in the longitudinal direction. And this trolley 1
There are main body leg frames 5 at both front and rear ends in the moving direction of 5.
Winches 16, 17 provided at both longitudinal ends of
One end of each rope 18, 19 is connected. The carriage 15 and the horizontal frame of the main body leg frame 5 are engaged through upper and lower rollers 20, 20 and side rollers 21.

The trolley 15 is constructed as shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, and rollers 20 are provided above and below the left and right frames 22, 22 in the moving direction, and side rollers 21 are provided on the outside of both frames 22, 22. There is.

Frames 23, 23 before and after the moving direction of this trolley 15
are provided with brackets 24 and 25 on their respective rear sides, and a rake device 26 is mounted on the front bracket 24 of both brackets 24 and 25.
Also, a rolling pressure roller device 27 is attached to the rear bracket 25.
is equipped with.

Both devices 26 and 27 are moved up and down by elevating devices 30 and 31 each consisting of a four-bar linkage mechanism 28 and an elevating cylinder 29. The base ends of the lifting cylinders 29, 29 of both lifting devices 30, 31 are connected to the bracket side via a buffer cylinder 32, as shown in FIG. Reference numeral 33 denotes a link that restrains the connecting portion between the lifting cylinder 29 and the buffer cylinder 32.

34, 34 are float tanks provided at the front and rear of the main body leg frame 5;
4 is connected to a compressor installed on the mother ship. Numeral 35 is a stud attached to the top of the leg of the main body leg frame 5, and this stud 35 serves as an index for measuring the position of the leveling device and the water depth.
It has a vertical structure. A level indicator is attached to the tip of the staff 35 that appears above the sea surface.

Although not shown, an inclinometer for detecting the inclination of the leveling device is provided on the main body leg frame 5.

Furthermore, the break-in device is equipped with a drive device such as a hydraulic device necessary for remote control from the mother ship, a control device, and a detection device for each operation stroke.

Furthermore, the leveling device is equipped with an ultrasonic topographic surveying device on the cart 15 in order to measure the unevenness of the rubble surface before and after leveling.

The following is the first rubble leveling work using the device of the present invention.
This will be explained with reference to Figure 2 and below.

(1) Inject air into the float tanks 34, 34 to float the rubble leveling device A on the sea surface, and while it is suspended by the crane 37 of the crane ship 36, let out the air in the float tanks 34, 34, and , inject water into it. In this way, the rubble leveling device descends according to the lowering speed by the crane 37 (FIG. 12). At this time, a worker on the quay or caisson monitors and measures the position of the staff 35 using a transit 38 or the like, and also uses a rope 39 to correct the orientation of the bottoming posture. The user lands on the bottom using the four legs 6 of the main body leg frame 5, and adjusts the length of the legs 6 to level the frame.

Next, a reference level is measured by viewing the level indicator at the tip of the staff 35 from a quay or the like using a transit 38, and based on this, the level adjustment amount is set by operating the control panel of the mother ship 36. Thereafter, the legs 6 that are on the ground are expanded and contracted to raise the main body leg frame 5 to a predetermined height and make it horizontal (FIG. 13).

After completing the level setting of the main unit, perform the break-in work. During this break-in work, only the legs 6 of the main body leg frame 5 land on the ground, and the legs 6 of the movable leg frame 11 are kept raised.

The leveling work is performed as shown in FIG. 14A to 14D: (1) The rake device 26 is lowered to the bottom dead center and set at the leveling height [FIG. 14A]. (2) Trolley 1
5 is towed by the winch 16 on the front side, and the stones are pushed out by the rake device 26 [Fig. 14B]. At this time, the rake device 26 escapes by δ due to the action of the buffer cylinder 32, which does not cause any irritation. Therefore, the rake device 26 is pulled back by the rear winch 17 and reciprocated until the amount of rake escape becomes zero [FIG. 14C]. Note that during the breaking-in operation using the rake device 26, if the breaking-in reaction force is large and an overload occurs,
The load is reduced and leveled by raising the rake device 26 by 20 to 30 cm. (3) When the leveling by the rake device 26 is completed, the rake device 26 is raised and stored, and then the compaction roller device 2
7 is lowered, and the trolley 15 is reciprocated (approximately 3 times) to carry out final leveling in the same manner as the leveling work using the rake device 26 described above (FIG. 14D).

Once the above-mentioned break-in work is completed, walk and move laterally. At this time, take enough weight from the part where the leveling work has been completed.

In the walking operation, (1) the rake device 26 and compaction roller device 27 are raised and retracted, and the cart 15 is moved to the center. (2) Move the movable leg frame 11 in the direction in which you want to move and land the leg 6 on the ground, then raise the leg 6 of the main body leg frame 5 and move the main body leg frame 5 in the direction in which the movable leg frame 11 moves. The robot moves, lands on its legs 6, and from this state repeats the above operation again to move a predetermined distance. (3) When walking is completed, adjust the main body leg frame 5 to set the level of the main body leg frame 5. Repeat the break-in work and horizontal movement below.

Through the above operations, leveling work is carried out on a predetermined area, and when the work is completed, air is injected into the float tank 34 of the rubble leveling device, and then it is lifted up by a crane, floated, and moved.

The underwater rubble leveling device according to the present invention is as described in detail above, and is configured as a frame having a rectangular planar shape, and is provided with four extensible legs 6, two on each side in the longitudinal direction. a main body leg frame 5; a movable leg frame 11 configured as a frame having a rectangular planar shape and provided with four extensible and retractable legs 6, two on each side in the longitudinal direction; and the main body leg frame 5.
The main body leg frame 5 is provided with a walking frame 12 that is movably supported in the longitudinal direction thereof and also supports the movable leg frame 11 movably in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the main body leg frame 5. A truck 15 supported movably in the longitudinal direction, and this truck 1
5, a rake device 26 and a compaction roller device 27, which are arranged in the moving direction of the trolley 15 and can be raised and lowered;
means for extending and contracting the legs 6; means for moving the walking frame 12 with respect to the main body leg frame 5;
means for moving the movable leg frame 11 relative to the
Since it is composed of a means for moving the cart 15 and a means for raising and lowering each of the rake device 26 and the compaction roller device 27, the leveling work can be performed based on the main body leg frame 5 that has landed on the rubble mound. Therefore, there is no influence from waves, and rake device 2
Immediately after the leveling work in step 6, stones that protrude beyond the standard can be rolled by the rolling roller device 27, so that the stones can be leveled with high precision. In addition, the trolley 15 moves using the main body leg frame 5 installed as a reference as a guide, and the rake device 26 and compaction roller device 27 attached to it perform smoothing work, so unevenness can be smoothed quickly. Since the entire leveling device can be moved forward, backward, left and right, it is possible to level out large areas efficiently.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of the breakwater, Fig. 2 and subsequent figures show examples of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a plan view, Fig. 3 is a side view, Fig. 4 is a front view, and Figs. The figures schematically show the configuration of the main body leg frame, movable leg frame, walking frame, and trolley. Figure 5 is a plan view, Figure 6 is a side view, Figure 7 is a partially cutaway front view, and Figure 7a is a side view.
The figure is a sectional view of the legs, Figures 8 to 10 show the truck part, Figure 8 is a plan view, Figure 9 is a side view, Figure 10 is a plan view, and Figure 11 is a rolling roller. Side views showing the lifting device of the device, FIGS. 12 to 14
The figure is an explanatory diagram of work performed by the apparatus of the present invention. 5 is a main body leg frame, 6 is a leg, 11 is a movable leg frame, 12 is a walking frame, 15 is a trolley, 26 is a rake device, and 27 is a compaction roller device.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Four extensible legs 6, two on each side in the longitudinal direction, configured as a frame with a rectangular planar shape.
a main body leg frame 5 provided with a main body leg frame 5; a movable leg frame 11 configured as a frame with a rectangular planar shape and provided with four extensible and retractable legs 6, two on each side in the longitudinal direction; A walking frame 12 is supported on the frame 5 so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction thereof, and also supports the movable leg frame 11 so as to be movable in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the main body leg frame 5; A truck 15 supported so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction thereof, and a rake device 2 disposed in the moving direction of the truck 15 so as to be able to rise and fall on the truck 15.
6, a compacting roller device 27, a means for extending and contracting the leg 6, and a walking frame 1 relative to the main body leg frame 5.
2, a means for moving the movable leg frame 11 relative to the walking frame 12, a means for moving the cart 15, and a means for raising and lowering the rake device 26 and the compaction roller device 27, respectively. An underwater rubble leveling device featuring: