JPH02746B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) This invention relates to a design aiding device for a water transmission and distribution system, and more particularly to a design aiding device used in the design of a water transmission and distribution system using a pipeline, such as an irrigation facility. .

(Description of Prior Art) FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of irrigation equipment that is the background of the present invention. Here, this irrigation equipment will be briefly explained to the extent necessary for understanding the present invention. In this example, there are six fields (field or farm).
land) is configured to perform irrigation for F1 to F6. The water source WS includes, for example, a dam, and a pipeline PL1 is laid between this water source WS and a regulating reservoir (reservoir) RSV, and a stand S1 is installed in the middle of this pipeline PL1 to reduce the internal pressure of the pipeline. ~S3 is inserted. From the regulating pond RSV, there are two branches B1
and B3, respectively, pipeline PL
2 and PL7 are installed. From branch B1,
Furthermore, two pipelines PL3 and PL5 extend, pipeline PL3 furthermore branching B2
is connected to pipelines PL4 and PL6 by. Pipeline PL4 has a pressure reducing valve (relief
It is connected to the farm pond FP of the field F1 via the valve RV. The field F1 is divided into several rotation blocks RB, and these rotation blocks RB include
It includes a further divided unit UNT, and a manifold extending from the main pipe MP.
(fold) Many sprinkler SPs are installed by MFD. Water is then supplied to the main pipe MP from the farm pond FP by a pump PMP. The other fields F2 to F6 are similarly configured, and water is distributed to the respective farm ponds from the pipeline PL5 to the field F2 and from the pipeline PL6 to the field F3. Pipeline PL7
branches B3 to pipelines PL8 and
Branched to PL9, pipeline PL9 further
Branch B4 connects pipelines PL10 and PL
It is branched into 11. Each farm pond in fields F4, F5 and F6 has a pipeline.
Water is distributed by PL8, PL10 and PL11.

When designing such a water transmission and distribution system for irrigation, for example, consider the ground elevation (elevation) and select appropriate pipe diameters, etc. so that the necessary hydraulic pressure can be obtained at the end of the farm pond FP. must be designed. To that end, conventionally,
Methods have been used to calculate the pressure at the end discretely and manually. However, this method cannot grasp the entire system from the water source to the end, so if the topographical changes from the water source to the end are not necessarily uniform, it may be difficult to understand whether sufficient pressure is being obtained along the way. It was unclear what happened. Therefore, it is conceivable to calculate the pressure for each node, but this takes time to calculate and does not allow quick design. Furthermore, with conventional methods, in order to change structures such as pumps, pipe diameters, etc., complicated calculations must be performed again.
It took even longer.

(Objective of the Invention) Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a design aiding device that facilitates the design of a water transmission and distribution system.

(Summary of the Invention) To put it simply, the present invention performs hydraulic calculations based on input condition data, displays the hydraulic slope line along with the ground height, and is capable of changing factor data such as pipe diameter. This is a design aid device for a water transmission and distribution system in which a means is provided and the hydraulic slope line is displayed again along with the ground height based on the changed data.

The above objects and other objects and features of the invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description with reference to the drawings.

(Description of Embodiment) FIG. 2 is an overall perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention. The design support device 10 of this embodiment includes a console table 12, and a computer 14 is housed in the console table 12. This computer 14 may be a general-purpose computer, or may be a dedicated computer configured using one or more microprocessors. A keyboard 16 and a tablet 18 are provided on the console table 12. keyboard 16
is capable of inputting alphanumeric characters and constitutes an input means. The tablet 18 includes a number of grids arranged in a matrix, for example, and constitutes input means and change means. By pointing or pressing the intersection of the matrix on the tablet 18 with the light pen 19, the position on the screen 22 of the CRT display 20 constituting the display means and redisplay means can be designated.

Note that a configuration may be adopted in which the position on the screen 22 can be directly indicated using the light pen 19 without using the tablet 18.

FIG. 3 is a flow diagram for explaining the operation or operation of this embodiment. First step S30
1, the CRT display 20 (Fig. 2)
A schematic diagram is created on the screen 22 of. In order to create a schematic diagram, a menu 24 including a plurality of symbols 24a to 24j is used. For example, symbol 24a indicates a water source, 24b indicates a booster pump, 24c indicates a farm pond, 24d indicates a stand, and 24e indicates a pressure reducing valve. Further, symbol 24f indicates a branch, 24g indicates a pipeline, 24h indicates an open trench, 24i indicates a water source pump, and 24j indicates a field. and,
Such a menu 24 is designated with the tablet 18 (line pen 19) and a schematic diagram is drawn on the screen 22, but it should be noted that the schematic diagram shown in Figure 4 is different from the system shown in Figure 1. Let me point this out in advance. A water source pump is drawn on the screen 22 by selecting, for example, the symbol 24i on the menu 24 using the tablet 18 (light pen 19) and specifying an appropriate position on the screen 22. A branch is then drawn by selecting symbol 24f and specifying the appropriate location on screen 22. Then, mark the start and end points between the water source pump symbol and the branch symbol drawn on the screen using the tablet 18 (light pen 19) by specifying them using the tablet 18 (light pen 19). 24g, a pipeline symbol, is drawn on the screen 22. By selecting the symbol 24j and specifying an appropriate position on the screen 22 using the tablet 18 (light pen 19), a symbol mark indicating the field is drawn at that position. Then, mark the starting and ending points between the branch symbol and the field symbol drawn earlier on the tablet 1.
8 (light pen 19), a pipeline is connected between the branch or the field drawn above the node N3. A schematic diagram will be created in this manner below. Then, using the keyboard 16, the area of the field, for example, 55.7, 55.4, . In addition, in Figure 4, “400”, “300”, “200”
indicates the pipe diameter of each pipeline automatically determined by the computer 14.

The schematic diagram shown in Figure 4 illustrates the pipeline from the water source to the field, but if necessary, the rotation block (first
Of course, it is also possible to draw the sprinkler arrangement diagram in Figure).

In the next step G303, keyboard 1
6 to input the condition data. Condition data includes data such as ground height, pipe length, or pressure. Regarding input of ground height, it is possible to plot the ground height of each pipeline route, but for example, prepare a map with contour lines (not shown) and read it using an optical reader, etc. It may also be possible to use it for reading. Regarding pressure, the pressure of the water source (the water source pump in the case of FIG. 4) and the required pressure at the end (in the example shown in FIG. 4, the field entrance) are also input. These condition data are then sent to the computer 14 (Figure 2).
(not shown).

Here, data stored in advance in the memory in the computer 14 (FIG. 2) will be explained. A pipe list and the like are stored in the memory as a database. The pipe list includes pipe types,
Pipe diameter, pipe length, flow rate, flow velocity, friction loss, and loss per unit length are listed and are used to determine pipe diameter, pipe type, etc.

Referring again to FIG. 3, in step S305, the computer 14 (FIG. 2) selects an economical pipe based on the condition data input in step S303 and with reference to the pipe list etc. Determine the diameter. In the following step S307, the computer 14 calculates the withstand voltage. The calculator is
Referring to the burial conditions such as hydrostatic pressure, hydrodynamic pressure, and material,
The required withstand voltage at each node is calculated based on the previously input condition data. Then, in the next step S309, the computer 14 refers to the pipe list and determines the type of pipe to be used based on the withstand pressure calculated in step S307.

Next, in step S311, the computer 14
performs hydraulic analysis or hydraulic calculations. Although several methods are known for this calculation, this embodiment utilizes the well-known energy level method. For this energy position method, for example, 1978
This is explained on page 113 of the book ``Analysis and Design of Water Distribution Pipe Networks'' by Tetsuo Takakuwa, published on August 1, 2017. Therefore, detailed explanation thereof will be omitted here.

Then, in step S313, a longitudinal section is displayed. That is, in step S313, the computer 14 displays a graph as shown in FIG. 5 on the screen 22 of the CRT display 20 (FIG. 2) based on the results of the previously performed hydraulic calculation.

Referring to FIG. 5, line A indicates the hydraulic gradient, and line B indicates the ground elevation, each expressed in meters (m). And the node is
The schematic diagram shown in FIG. 4 is displayed. Regarding the pipe type (kind), in the case of this FIG. 5, the computer displays that vinyl pipe (VP) was selected in the previous step S309.
Note that, as the pipe diameter, the value that was previously automatically determined, that is, the value shown in the schematic diagram shown in FIG. 4 is displayed. Looking at the hydraulic gradient line and the line representing the ground height as shown in Figure 5,
It can be determined whether there is a necessary pressure or energy level difference throughout the route.

If each condition is satisfied by looking at the graph, the computer 14 calculates the material cost by referring to the built-in cost table (steps S315 and S317 in FIG. 3).

In addition, in FIG. 5, one route shown in the schematic diagram of FIG. 4, that is, from the water source pump to the node N
A vertical cross-sectional view of the route passing through 3→N2→N1 is shown. Such a route selection can be made by specifying the starting and ending points of the desired route using the tablet 18 (light pen 19) shown in FIG. 2 in the schematic diagram shown in FIG. However, instead of manually selecting such a route by an operator, it is also possible, for example, to automatically display the routes sequentially starting from the route with the least pressure, based on a decision made within a computer. Will. Furthermore, it is of course possible to display the entire system shown in FIG. 4 on one screen, for example, instead of displaying each route. In order to display such a longitudinal section, a "vertical section display mode" may be provided as a selectable menu on the tablet 18 (FIG. 2).

Furthermore, in the example of FIG. 5, the area from the water source pump to the field is displayed. However, this can be displayed up to any point in the field, such as up to the main pipe MP included in the rotation block RB (Figure 1), or up to the manifold MFD or sprinkler SP. Therefore, it should be noted that in this specification, the term "end" does not necessarily mean a farm pond, but may also mean a main pipe or the like.

One of the features of this invention is that the structure, pipe diameter, or pipe type at each node can be changed by looking at the graph of the hydraulic gradient line and ground elevation displayed as shown in Figure 5. By displaying the hydraulic gradient line, etc. for the object, it is now possible to easily confirm the suitability of the selection or change, that is, the suitability of the design.

FIG. 6 is a flow diagram illustrating operations for such changes. First step S60
1, select a desired route and display its longitudinal section. In the next step S603, the computer 14 (FIG. 2) determines whether there is an input from the tablet 18 and determines whether there is a change. Therefore, if the operator wishes to make a change, he or she selects the menu displayed on the screen 22 shown in FIG. 5 using the tablet 18. First, when changing a structure, it is done by selecting the symbol mark displayed in the bottom column of FIG. This symbol mark is similar to that shown in FIG. Therefore, for example, if the structure of a certain node is not changed to a booster pump, the symbol mark second from the left in the bottom column of FIG. 5 is designated. If the change is to a booster pump, the operator specifies the location to be changed after passing through step S605 in the next step S607. This is done by specifying the node displayed on the screen 22 in FIG. 5 using the tablet 18. Next, the operator performs step S60.
At step 9, the booster pump pressure head is entered using the keyboard 16 (FIG. 2). That is, in step S609, the user inputs a value indicating how many meters the pressure should be increased. Then, in step S611, the computer 14
Perform the hydraulic calculation again and redisplay the resulting hydraulic gradient line. For example, looking at the ground height graph shown in Figure 5, the ground is extremely high at the point indicated by Bx.
Therefore, it can be seen that sufficient dynamic water pressure cannot be obtained. Therefore, the structure at node N2 is changed to a booster pump instead of a simple branch. Then, the computer 14 changes the symbol of the node N2 to a booster pump, and based on the input pressure boosting head, the fifth
The modified and resulting hydraulic gradient line is redisplayed as shown in line Aa in the figure. In this way, sufficient hydrodynamic pressure can be obtained at point Bx, making it easy to confirm that the design change is correct.

The same applies when changing to other structures such as pressure reducing valves, etc., so a detailed explanation thereof will be omitted here.

If what is desired to be changed is not the structure but the pipe diameter, the operator specifies the location after passing through step S613 (step S615). The method for specifying this location is to enter the numerical value representing the pipe diameter on the screen 22 shown in Fig. 5 on the tablet 18 (Fig. 2).
This can be done by specifying . Next, the operator presses keyboard 1 in step S617.
6 to input the desired pipe diameter. The computer 14 refers to the pipe list and determines whether or not the pipe type (vinyl pipe in the example of FIG. 5) has the pipe diameter. If there is no pipe with that diameter, the computer 14 displays "no pipe diameter" in step S621. If you have the desired pipe diameter,
In the following step S623, the computer 14 determines whether sufficient pressure resistance can be obtained with the pipe type and pipe diameter. If sufficient pressure resistance is not obtained, the computer 14 displays "insufficient pressure" in the next step S625, and then
The operator is asked on the screen 22 whether or not the simulation can be continued (step S62).
7). If you don't mind doing the simulation as is,
In the same way as when it was determined Yes in the previous step S627, the process moves to step S611 and the computer 1
Step 4 performs the hydraulic calculation again and redisplays the resulting hydraulic gradient line. For example, in the example shown in Figure 5, the point
In Bx, if the necessary hydraulic pressure cannot be obtained, in addition to changing the structure as mentioned above,
It is also possible to change the pipe diameter. That is,
On the tablet 18, node N on the screen 22 in FIG.
If you specify the numerical value "200" indicating the pipe diameter between nodes N2 and N1 on the tablet 18, and input a numerical value such as "250" from the keyboard 16, the calculator 14 will calculate the pipe diameter from node N2 to N1 in the hydraulic calculation. is simulated as having been changed to "250", and as a result, the changed hydraulic gradient line is redisplayed as shown by line Ab in FIG. If the hydrodynamic pressure becomes slightly higher by changing the pipe diameter, as shown by line Ab, it may be possible to clear the required hydrodynamic pressure level just by changing the pipe diameter.

If, as at point By shown in Figure 5,
For example, if the location is at the bottom of a valley, the dynamic water pressure will be too high, so vinyl pipes (VP) will not have enough pressure resistance. Therefore, in such a case, the type of pipe must be changed. If the computer determines in step S603 that there is a change, and the change is not in a structure such as a booster pump or in the pipe diameter, it determines that what the operator wants to change is the type of pipe. Then, in step S629, the operator selects the pipe type. That is, in a case like point By in FIG. 5, it is necessary to select a pipe with higher pressure resistance, but here, as an example, a case will be explained in which a steel pipe (SP) is selected. In this case, the operator uses the tablet 18 (FIG. 2) to specify the second pipe type from the left in the menu of pipe types shown in FIG. 5, that is, steel pipe (SP). Next, the location is specified using the tablet 18. That is, by specifying the pipe type display (KIND) between nodes N2 and N1 on the tablet 18, the computer is notified that the pipe type of the pipeline in that section is to be changed. Note that any other type of pipe can be selected, such as centrifugal cast pipe (DCIP), reinforced plastic pipe (FW), presto concrete pipe (TC), or asbestos pipe (ACP).

When the operator inputs a change in the pipe type, the computer refers to the pipe list in step S619 and determines whether or not the pipe type has that pipe diameter.
After that, the operation is similar to that described above.

In this way, factors that correlate with the relative value between the hydraulic gradient line and ground height as shown in Figure 5, such as structures, pipe diameters, pipe types, etc., can be easily changed, and the changed results can be reproduced easily. Since the information is displayed, it can be immediately determined whether such a design change is appropriate. If the changes are not appropriate,
Just try the other changes again.

In addition, the above-mentioned Example demonstrated the water transmission and distribution system of irrigation equipment. However, it could also be used to design water transmission and distribution systems other than irrigation equipment, or as a design aid for systems for transporting liquids other than water, such as chemicals and oil.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, hydraulic calculations are performed based on input data, etc., and as a result, a hydraulic gradient line is displayed together with the ground height, and furthermore, this hydraulic gradient line is If a correlated factor (for example, structure, pipe diameter, pipe type, etc.) is changed, hydraulic calculations are performed again after the change and the hydraulic gradient line is redisplayed, so designers can improve their own design and You can immediately judge or confirm whether the changes are appropriate. Therefore, an extremely useful design aid device is obtained in the design of water transmission and distribution systems.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a water transmission and distribution system for irrigation, which is the background of this invention. FIG. 2 is an overall perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention. Third
This figure is a flowchart for explaining the operation or operation of the embodiment of FIG. 2. FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram displayed on the screen of a CRT display. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of display of hydraulic gradient lines, etc. 6th
The figure is a flow diagram illustrating operations for changing factors related to the hydraulic gradient line. In the figure, 14 is a calculator, 16 is a keyboard, 18 is a tablet, 19 is a light pen, and 20
indicates a CRT display.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A design aid device for designing a water transmission and distribution system including at least a pipeline between a water source and an end, comprising: input means for inputting condition data including at least ground height; a hydraulic calculation means for performing a hydraulic calculation based on the input condition data; a display means for displaying the ground height and a hydraulic gradient line based on the hydraulic calculation; the ground elevation and the hydraulic gradient. changing means for changing a correlation factor including at least a pipe diameter that is involved in a relative value with the line; and redisplaying the hydraulic gradient line together with the ground height in response to the change of the correlation factor by the changing means. It is provided with means for re-displaying. Design support device for water transmission and distribution systems. 2. Pipe diameter determining means for determining the pipe diameter to be used by referring to a built-in data table regarding pipes based on the input condition data, and the hydraulic calculation means applies the determined pipe diameter to the determined pipe diameter. A water transmission and distribution system design aid device according to claim 1, which performs hydraulic calculations based on the above. 3. A withstand pressure calculation means for calculating withstand pressure based on burial conditions; and a type determination means for determining a pipe type by referring to a data table regarding the pipe based on the calculated withstand pressure, and the hydraulic calculation means The water transmission and distribution system design aid device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: performs hydraulic calculation based on the determined pipe type. 4. The water transmission and distribution system includes at least one branch, and includes route selection means for selecting the route to be displayed, and the display means and the redisplay means are configured to display the ground height and the land height of the selected route. Claims 1 to 3 displaying a hydraulic gradient line
A design aid device for a water transmission and distribution system according to any of paragraphs. 5. Claims 1 to 5 include a schematic diagram creating means for creating a schematic diagram of the water transmission and distribution system, and the hydraulic calculation means performs hydraulic calculation based on the created schematic diagram. A design assistance device for a water transmission and distribution system according to any of Item 4.