JPH0321939B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a small-sized electronic computer with a program, which is provided with a memory for holding data output by a print command (display command) so that the data can be used later for manual calculations, etc.

Conventionally, in order to use numerical data output as a result of calculations by calculation instructions in a program in a manual calculation in a small electronic computer with a program, the numerical data to be used for manual calculation in the program must be stored in variable memory in advance. This was done by calling the variable after the program ended. For example, if the program is 10PRINT SIN (×↑2) and you want to use the calculation result in manual calculation, run the program 10A=SIN (×↑2) 20PRINT A, and then, for example,
It was executing a calculation formula like 123. For this reason,
When the calculation results of a program are used in manual calculations, it is necessary to add a program that performs variable assignment processing and the like to change the contents of the program, which is troublesome.

Furthermore, when performing manual calculations using the last displayed data, for example, when "30" is displayed, calculations such as 30×123 can be performed, but the above data cannot be used in the middle of the formula. Calculations such as SIN(30)×123 were not possible.

This invention was made in view of the above points,
To provide a small-sized computer with a program in which numerical data calculated in the program can be used in manual calculations without changing the contents of the program.

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of a small electronic computer equipped with statistical calculation functions and program calculation functions written in BASIC language. In the figure, 11
is a keyboard with numeric keys and various function keys. Among the various function keys listed above, the ``STAT'' key is used to input statistical data, the ``DEL'' key is used to delete statistical data once input, the ``STOP'' key is used to stop operation, and the ``CONT'' key is used to continue operation. , "EXE" to start executing the operation
Contains keys etc. This keyboard 11
It is connected to a CPU (central processing unit) 12 via a bus line, and a key sampling signal is input from the CPU 12. And the above keyboard 11
From there, key operation signals are input to the CPU 12. The detailed configuration of the CPU 12 will be described later. Further, a printer 13 and a display driver 14 are connected to the CPU 12, respectively. A display device 15 that performs dot display using, for example, a liquid crystal is connected to the display driver 14.
A drive signal for driving the liquid crystal is sent to the display device 15 in accordance with display data sent from the CPU 12. Furthermore, the CPU 12 includes an ANS memory 16, an ANS sign determination circuit 17, an SD and LR determination circuit 18, a memory 19 having TX and TY registers, an array determination circuit 20, a data memory 21, a character memory 22, a program memory 23, A statistical data control unit 24 and a WAIT memory 25 are connected to each other. The program stored in the program memory 23 is executed, and the ANS memory 16 is operated by the printer 13 or the display device 15 according to a print command (display command) in the program.
The reading and writing of data is controlled by the read/write signal R/W sent from the CPU 12 in the memory where the numerical data outputted to is temporarily held. Further, the ANS memory 16 has a flag area indicating whether or not the held numerical data is a negative number, and when the numerical data is a negative number, a "1" signal is sent to the ANS code via the signal line a. The signal is sent to the determination circuit 17. This ANS sign determination circuit 17
is the judgment request signal b sent from the CPU 12.
is input. Furthermore, the ANS sign determination circuit 17
In response to the determination request signal b, the CPU 12 sends a determination signal c indicating whether or not the numerical data held in the ANS memory 16 is a negative number. Also,
A set signal d and a reset signal e are input from the CPU 12 to an internal flip-flop (not shown) in the ANS code determination circuit 17. And this
The Q output of the flip-flop is sent from the ANS code determination circuit 17 to the CPU 12 as a signal f. Further, key input data is inputted from the CPU 12 to the SD/LR determination circuit 18,
It is determined whether the data input from the keyboard 11 is single-input statistical data or two-input statistical data. This judgment is made by pressing "STAT" on the keyboard 11.
When inputting statistical data by operating keys, detect the key operated "," code between x data and y data, and check whether the input statistical data is single input statistical data or two input statistical data. It detects data. When the SD/LR determination circuit 18 detects the "," code, it sends a detection signal g to the CPU 12. Further, a reset signal h is inputted from the CPU 12 to the SD/LR determination circuit 18. Furthermore, statistical data is sent from the SD/LR judgment circuit 18 to the memory 19, and the TX register is
Y data is stored in the TY register. The arrangement determination circuit 20 is a program memory 2
3, and the signal i indicating the dimension of the variable is determined by the CPU
It is sent out on 12th. Next, the data memory 21
is stored with variable data or one-dimensional or two-dimensional array data.

The character memory 22 stores data to be displayed and output, and the number of characters that can be stored is variable. However, the data memory 21
The character variables that can be stored in the character memory 22 are each seven characters, but the capacity of the character variables that can be stored in the character memory 22 is, for example, 30 characters. Further, the program memory 23 stores a user program, and the user program is sent to the CPU 12 and executed. Further, the statistical data control section 24 is provided with a memory that stores basic statistics, and this memory stores the frequency n, x total, y
It stores the vertical sum, x-squared sum, y-squared sum, and xy-product sum. Further, the statistical data control section 24 is provided with a timer, and this timer starts measuring time in response to a start signal j sent from the CPU 12. For example, when 2 seconds are counted, an end signal k is generated.
is sent to the CPU 12. This timer is for automatically displaying the basic statistical data in sequence. Further, the WAIT memory 25 is a memory in which a time for temporarily stopping the display of data displayed on the display device 15 during program execution is set, and a read/write signal l is input from the CPU 12. Further, the WAIT time set in the WAIT memory 25 is sent to the WAIT control section 26. In addition, the above WAIT memory 2
If the WAIT time set to 5 is longer than the predetermined time, the overflow signal m is sent to the WAIT control unit 26.
Output to. Furthermore, when the display command (PRINT) is executed in the CPU 12, the signal n is
It is input to the WAIT control section 26. And this
The WAIT control unit 26 outputs a RESTART signal to the CPU 12 when the WAIT time has elapsed.
Further, the printer 13 outputs a signal o to the WAIT control section 26 when the printer is in the ON state.

FIG. 2 shows a detailed configuration of the CPU 12 in FIG. 1. In the figure, numeral 31 is a ROM (read-only memory) in which various microprograms are stored, and this microprogram is sent to a control section 32 where its instructions are decoded. This control section 32 controls the entire system, and outputs various control commands, address designation signals, chip designation signals, etc. Control unit 32 and calculation unit 3
Arithmetic data and arithmetic control signals are transmitted and received between the three, and various arithmetic operations are executed. In addition, this control section 3
2 receives the RESTART signal from the WAIT control section 26. This RESTART signal is a signal for restarting the stopped operation of the CPU 12.
Reference numeral 34 is an internal memory having X, Y, Z, and A to E registers, which holds calculation data, display data, set number data, etc., and transmits and receives data and address information to and from the control section 32. Further, a key control section 35, a print control section 36, a display control section 37, and a memory control section 38 are connected to the control section 32, respectively. The key control section 35 is connected to the keyboard 11, sends out key sampling signals, and receives key operation signals. Further, the print control section 36 is connected to the printer 13.
This circuit is connected to the printer and controls printing operations.

The display control unit 37 is connected to the display driver 14 and receives the contents of the display X register in the memory.The display control unit 37 converts the input display data into codes and sends them to the display driver 14. Send to. In addition, the memory control unit 38
This circuit specifies addresses of the ANS memory 16, data memory 21, program memory 23, etc. and sends and receives data.

Here, an outline of the operation of the entire system will be explained. A program input from the keyboard 11 is written into the program memory 23 via the CPU 12. At this time, a variable area is secured within the data memory 21. Since the variables include simple numerical variables, one-dimensional arrays, and two-dimensional arrays, and the usage of the data memory 21 is different for each variable, the array determining circuit 20 determines the defined array. By using this determination result, data written in a two-dimensional array can also be read out in a one-dimensional array. Also, the variables are A$~Z$,
A0$~Z9$ and $ can be used as character variables,
Each variable has a maximum of 7 characters, but up to 30 characters can be assigned for $, and the variable is stored in character memory 22.

Next, when executing a program or performing manual calculation, data read from the program memory 23 and data memory 21 or data input from the keyboard 11 is sent to the CPU 12.
The calculation result is temporarily held in the ANS memory 16 until the next calculation result is obtained. The sign of this retained calculation result is determined by the ANS sign determination circuit 17, and if the result is negative and a calculation formula is input following that result,
It has a function that automatically displays negative numbers in parentheses. Also, when executing the WAIT instruction, the code added to the WAIT instruction is
Write to WAIT memory 25 and display command (PRINT
When the command) is executed, the WAIT control unit 26 operates and holds the display for a period of time corresponding to the above code.

On the other hand, when performing statistical calculations, only the data x _i ,
Alternatively, when data x _i and data y _i are input from the keyboard 11, they are temporarily stored in the memory 19 and then
It is written to the statistical data control unit 24, but the SD,
The LR determination circuit 18 automatically determines. Then, it controls whether only data x or both data x and y are displayed, and whether data is added or deleted. In addition, the statistical data control unit 24 contains basic statistical data such as the frequency, the sum of data x,
It stores the sum of data y, the sum of squares of data x, the sum of squares of data y, and the sum of products of data x and y.
It has a function that automatically displays each of these data in sequence.

Figure 3 shows the ANS memory 16 and
2 is a diagram showing a detailed configuration of an ANS code determination circuit 17. FIG. In the figure, 16 is ANS memory and CPU
A read/write signal R/W is input from 12. The lowest digit of this ANS memory 16 is used as a flag area, and this ANS memory 1
When negative data is stored in the flip-flop 41, a "1" signal is output to the D terminal of the flip-flop 41 via the signal line a. A determination request signal b is input from the CPU 12 to the clock terminal CP of the flip-flop 41. Further, the Q output of the flip-flop 41 sends a judgment signal c to the CPU 12. This ANS code determination circuit 17 also has a flip-flop 42, which is used as an ANS flag. This flip-flop 42 has a CPU 1
A reset signal d and a set signal e are input from the CPU 2, and the Q output is sent to the CPU 1 as a signal f.
2.

Next, the operation of the present invention configured as described above will be explained. Now, an explanation will be given taking as an example a case where a program as shown above is stored in the program memory 23 of FIG. 1.

10PRINT“A=”;SIN(30) 20END Now, when statement number 10 is executed
As shown in Fig. 4 stored in ROM31
A microprogram that processes PRINT statements is started. First, in step _S1 , one byte of the tenth statement stored in the program memory 23, ie, "", is read into digits 0 to 1 ( _C0-1 ) of the C register. Then, the process proceeds to step _S2 , and it is determined whether the contents of _C0-1 are numbers.
In this case, the determination is "NO" and the process proceeds to step _S3 . In this step _S3 , it is determined whether the contents of _C0-1 are "," or not. In this case, the determination is "NO" and the process proceeds to step _S4 . In this step _S4 , it is determined whether _C0-1 is a numerical function or not. In this case, the determination is "NO" and the process proceeds to step _S5 . In step _S5 , it is determined whether the contents of _C0-1 are numerical variables. In this case, the determination is ``NO'', and in step <sub>S6</sub> , the value of the character expression, ie, ``A='' is sent to the 0th to 15th digits (X _{0 to 15} ) of the X register.
Then, in step _S7 , the contents of X0 _{to X15} are sent to the display control section 37 and displayed. Furthermore, the process proceeds to step _S8 , and the output of the Load signal sent from the CPU 12 is stopped, but in this case, there is no change since the Load signal is not output. Next, step
Proceeding to _S9 , the next 1 byte ";" stored in the program memory 23 is read into _C0-1 . Then, in step _S10 , it is determined whether the content is ";". In this case, the determination is ``YES'' and the process returns to step _S1 . And this step
At _S1 , the next 1 byte "SIN (30)" stored in the program memory 23 is read into _C0-1 . Then, the process proceeds to step _S2 , and it is determined whether the contents of _C0-1 are numbers. In this case, the determination is "NO" and the process proceeds to step _S3 . In this step _S3 , it is determined whether the contents of _C0-1 are ".". In this case, the determination is "NO" and the process proceeds to step _S4 .
In this step _S4 , it is determined whether _C0-1 is a numerical function or not. In this case, since SIN(30) is a numerical function, it is determined as "YES" and the process proceeds to step _S11 . In this step _S11 , the value of the formula "0.5" is
Sent to X _0-15 . Next, in step _S12
A Load signal is output to the ANS memory 16. That is, the R/W signal becomes the write mode, and the contents of X0 _{to X15} are sent to the ANS memory 16 and the display control section 37 in the next step _S7 . Next, the process proceeds to step _S8 , and the sending of the Load signal is stopped. and,
In step _S9 , the next byte stored in the program memory 23 is read into _C0-1 .
In this case, since ";" is not stored in the next byte, the determination is "NO" and the processing of the PRINT statement ends.

By the way, when displaying the numerical data stored in the ANS memory 16 on the display device 15, the "ANS" key on the keyboard 11 is operated. This operation moves the CPU 12 to the ANS memory 16.
The Read signal is output, that is, the R/W signal becomes the read mode, and the content of the ANS memory 16 is "0.5".
is read into the X register. And CPU1
2, the sending of the Read signal to the ANS memory 16 is stopped. Further, the content "0.5" of the X register is sent to the display control section 37 and "0.5" is displayed on the display device 15. By operating the "ANS" key in this manner, the contents of the ANS memory 16 are displayed on the display device 15, and subsequent calculations can be continued using the contents as the operand.

On the other hand, when using the data stored in the ANS memory 16 in a program or in the middle of a manual calculation formula, the formula is
For example, B=COS(ANS)×π (where ANS is the command input in response to the operation of the “ANS” key) using the key. Therefore, when the CPU 12 decodes the ANS instruction when executing this statement, the same processing as that when operating the "ANS" key described above will be performed, for example, B = COS (0.5) × π. Can perform calculations.

As detailed above, according to the present invention, a small computer with a program is provided with a memory for storing numerical data displayed/printed in a program, and the contents can be read out and manually calculated by operating a specific key. . Furthermore, since calculation formulas or programs can be written using specific keys, the calculation results of calculation formulas in a program can be displayed/printed once without setting variable names to store the calculation results individually. The data can be used for the next calculation, and if the data read by operating a specific key is negative, the data can be read by the specific key in order to be displayed in parentheses. This is extremely convenient because it allows you to set a calculation formula without considering whether the data to be calculated is positive or negative, and it also allows you to make the calculation formula easier to read.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show one embodiment of the invention.
The figure is an overall block diagram of a small computer to which the present invention is applied, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the detailed configuration of the CPU 12 in FIG. 1, and FIG.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the detailed configuration of the ANS memory and the ANS code determination circuit, and is a flowchart showing the operation. 11...Keyboard, 12...CPU, 16...ANS
Memory, 17...ANS code determination circuit, 21...Data memory, 23...Program memory.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a small electronic computer with a program that displays/prints data by executing display/print commands in the program, a memory that holds display/print data according to the display/print commands, a specific key provided on the keyboard, and , processing means for processing data input on the program in response to a key input signal from the specific key or an operation of the specific key as input of a variable name of data held in the memory by the display/print command; reading means for reading data stored in the memory when a key input signal from the specific key or data corresponding to the specific key in the program read during program execution is processed as a variable name input by the processing device; and a sign determining means for determining whether the data stored in the memory is positive or negative, and when displaying the data read from the memory by the reading means, the data is determined to be negative by the sign determining means. 1. A small electronic computer with a program, characterized in that the computer is equipped with means for displaying the data in parentheses when the data is displayed.