JPH0326052B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a device for lowering or climbing a person using a rope hanging from an upper fixed fulcrum.
When descending, you can descend through the air, but when climbing, you need at least enough foothold to support your weight. Therefore, this device is suitable for work that involves descending at any location or ascending and descending at a work site. Especially used for mountain climbing. In addition, when descending, the speed is adjusted by manually operating a lever, but it is safe because it will stop automatically if you let go of the lever.
In addition, this device has an excellent buffering effect, and even if it falls naturally, no tension exceeding a predetermined value will be applied to the rope (operator, upper fulcrum) when stopped. The mechanism of this device is extremely simple, compact, and therefore inexpensive. It also works reliably.

The configuration of an embodiment of the present invention will be explained based on the drawings. 1 is a first side plate, 2 is a second side plate, 3 is a rope bending shaft, 4 is a rope pressurizing shaft, and 5 is a second stopper, each of which is composed of a ring 6 and a shaft 7, and is fixed to the two side plates. Keep the spacing constant. Note that the shaft of the second stopper 5 projects outward from the second side plate. A camshaft 8 is swingably mounted on both side plates. A cam 9 is fixed to the camshaft 8 between the side plates, and a lever 10 is fixed to the outside of the second side plate 2. The lever 10 has a shape that is easy to grip by hand. Further, a connecting means 12 (a hole in this example) is provided on the side plate, and a rope or carabiner 13 is used to connect the connecting means 12 to the body support worn by the descendant during descent.
etc. to join. When climbing, separate the connections as described below, or in case of a fall, make sure the length is 1 m.
Connect with a moderate rope. 14 is a first stopper which protrudes outward from the second side plate. Therefore, the rotation of the lever is limited. 15 is a rope separation prevention rod installed between both side plates. 16 is a rope used for climbing and descending, and the upper part of the rope is connected to a fixed fulcrum. The rope and the device are engaged as shown in FIG. Next, the shape of the cam 9 will be described. The distance from the center of swing of the cam 9 to the periphery is such that the lever 10 is
As shown in the figure, the cam 9 and the rope pressing shaft 4 are rotated in the direction of the first stopper 14 from an upwardly vertical position until the lever 10 contacts the first stopper 14. The lever 10 should be made small so as not to put pressure on the rope.
When turned from the position shown in the figure toward the second stopper 5, the cam and the rope pressing shaft are made progressively larger so as to apply a progressively increasing pressure to the two ropes therebetween.

Next, the operation of this device will be described. First, we will describe the case where this device is used for descending. If the upper part of the rope 16 is fixed in FIG. 1 and the carabiner 13 is pulled downward, the rope will slip because the rope pressing shaft 4 and the rope bending shaft 3 are fixed to the side plate. Rope and cam are 17 of cam
Since the part is a protrusion, the cam turns counterclockwise and the rope moves upward by that amount. At this time, since the distance between the cam 9 and the rope pressurizing shaft 4 becomes smaller, the two ropes sandwiched between them are subjected to pressure. For this reason, the device brakes the rope. The tension in the rope at section 18 increases as the cam rotates. When the lever 10 contacts the second stopper 5, the tension of the rope at the part 18 is, for example, 200.
If the shape of the cam etc. is determined in advance so that the force of pulling the carabiner 13 downward exceeds 200 kg, the cam will not rotate, the rope will slip between it and the cam 9, and the rope will move upward. Since it moves, the tension on the rope at section 18 does not exceed 200Kg. Therefore, even if the descendant falls naturally,
The tension of the rope does not exceed 200Kg, so the device has an excellent damping effect. Now, when the body holder worn by the descendant is connected to the connecting means 12 using a carabiner 13 or a rope, and his weight is applied, the cam rotates and stops in accordance with his weight, and the descendant also stops.
When the descendant turns the lever 10 clockwise, the cam rotates clockwise, the distance between the cam and the rope pressurizing shaft increases, the braking force decreases, and the descender moves downward. Therefore, the descent speed can be adjusted by adjusting the levers by the descendant. When the descender releases the lever, the cam rotates counterclockwise, increasing the braking force and stopping the descender.

Next, the case where this device is used for climbing will be explained.
In the case of climbing, the climber's body support and connection means 12
Remove the connection. Assume that the wall (or slope) you are trying to climb has a foothold that can support your weight at least with your toes. Climbers are lever 10, 19.
Hold the part with your right hand and turn the lever 10 in the direction of the first stopper 14 to bring the lever 10 into contact with the first stopper. During this time, the cam 9 does not pressurize the rope as described above. If you pull the lever strongly downward and put your weight on your arm, the device will be in the position shown in Figure 3, and the direction 2 of pulling the lever on the rope 18 will be upward.
It is almost in a straight line with the 0 arrow in the vertical direction. Therefore, the upwardly directed rope 18 is bent by θ degrees at the rope bending axis 3. Since there is a rope portion 21 between the upward rope and the rope bending axis 3, when θ is larger than a certain value, the rope does not slip due to the force (body weight) of pulling the lever 10 downward, and the rope and this device It becomes a locked state. Therefore, a climber can place one foot on a platform on the wall, use his arms to lift his weight, and transfer his weight to the platform. Next, the climber is on the rope 2
Hold the part 2 with your left hand, and while pulling your left hand downward, lift the lever 10 upwards to the full length of your arm with your right hand. Since the cam does not pressurize the rope, the rope and the device slide and the device moves upward. The rope separation prevention rod 15 prevents the rope from separating from the side plate at this time. Repeat this to ascend.
Note that instead of holding the rope 22 with the left hand, the lower end of the rope 22 may be connected to a lower fixed fulcrum and the slack in the rope between the lower fixed fulcrum and the device may be eliminated. Although the climber and the connecting means 12 do not have to be connected, in case the climber slips down and his hand becomes detached from the lever 10 while climbing, it is necessary to connect the climber's body support and the connecting means 12 with his right arm. Connect with a rope long enough to stretch. In the event of a fall, if the upward rope becomes tense, the third lever should be moved.
It automatically rotates counterclockwise from the position shown in the figure and stops when the lever in the case of descent is released.

This device is small and lightweight, so if the rope is made of polyamide fiber, it can be made portable and used as a descending device for evacuation from high places in the event of a fire at a travel destination. Note that if this device is used only for descent, the lever may be rod-shaped.

FIG. 4 shows a modified version of the device shown in FIG. In the device of FIG. 1, the end of the rope must be used to engage the rope with the climber, whereas the device of FIG. 4 allows engagement even in the middle of the rope. 1st
The apparatus shown in the figure can be transformed as shown in FIG. 4 as follows. First, shape the two side plates as shown by the dotted lines in Figure 1. The dotted line in FIG. 1 is perpendicular to the line connecting the center of the rope bending axis and the center of the camshaft. A hinge 27 is fixed to a portion of the side plates 25, 26 in FIG. 4 corresponding to the dotted line in FIG. 1. That is, one arm of the hinge is fixed to the first side plate 25 and the other arm is fixed to the second side plate 26. In FIG. 1, the first side plate 1, the rope bending shaft 3, the rope pressurizing shaft 4, the second stopper 5, and the rope detachment prevention rod 15 are fixed, but in FIG. 4 they are separated. Further, in FIG. 4, a screw hole is provided in the rope bending shaft 29, and a thumbscrew 28 is attached to the first side plate 25, so that the thumbscrew is screwed into the screw of the rope bending shaft. To release the rope from FIG. 4, loosen the thumbscrew 28 and rotate the first side plate 25 counterclockwise.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the climbing device according to the present invention, which is a cross-sectional view of Fig. 2 taken at -, and Fig. 2 is the same as Fig.
A view taken along the line XI-XI, FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the case where this device is used as a climbing device, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the device modified from the device shown in FIG. 1.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 First side plates 1 held parallel to each other and spaced apart from each other
and a second side plate 2, a cam shaft 8 swingably mounted on the side plate at a substantially central position of the side plate, and a cam 9 located between the side plates and fixed to the cam shaft 8.
and a lever 10 located outside the two side plates and fixed to the camshaft 8, and a lever 10 located between the side plates at a position slightly away from the vertical line passing through the camshaft 8 and relatively far upward from the camshaft. The attached rope bending shaft 3, the connecting means 12 provided on the side plate at a position substantially vertically below the rope bending shaft and relatively far downward from the camshaft 8, and the connecting means 12 provided on the side plate at a position slightly above the connecting means. At the position shown in FIG.
A stopper 14, a rope separation prevention rod 15 fixed between the side plates at a position near the middle of the rope bending shaft 3 and the first stopper 14, and a rope bending shaft 3 with respect to a vertical line passing through the camshaft 8. a rope pressurizing shaft 4 mounted between the side plates at a position opposite to the position of and a predetermined distance away from the camshaft 8 and relatively far from the rope bending shaft 3;
and enters between the cam 9 and the rope pressing shaft 4 from below, and then the rope pressing shaft 4 and the rope bending shaft 3.
approximately along the periphery of the rope bending axis.
The cam 9 rotates 180 degrees, passes between the cam 9 and the rope pressurizing shaft 4, and rotates approximately 230 degrees along the periphery of the cam.
and a rope 16 that passes between the rope detachment prevention rod 15 and extends upwardly to outside the side plate, and the cam 9
The shape of the cam is such that the distance from the center of oscillation to the periphery of the cam is such that the lever 10 is rotated from the upward, almost vertical position to the direction of the first stopper 14 until the lever comes into contact with the first stopper. The cam 9 and the rope pressurizing shaft 4 are made small so as not to apply pressure to the two ropes between them, and the second stopper 5 is A climbing device characterized in that when turned in the direction, the cam 9 and the rope pressurizing shaft 4 are made gradually larger so as to apply gradually increasing pressure to the two ropes located between them.