JPH0332485B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (a) Purpose of the Invention [Field of Industrial Application] This invention relates to a spiked tire used when a vehicle runs on an icy road, etc., and in particular to the structure of the spike insertion/removal portion. .

[Prior Art] It has been known to use spiked tires in which a plurality of spikes protrude from the tread of the tire in order to prevent the tire from slipping when a vehicle runs on an icy or snowy road. There is.

Conventional spiked tires have a structure in which spikes are embedded in the snow tire and protrude approximately 1.5 to 2.0 mm from the tire surface. A tip made of cemented carbide is usually attached to the tip of the spike for wear resistance.

Conventional spiked tires have this structure, so on roads free of ice and snow, the spikes scrape the road surface and scatter as dust into the atmosphere, causing pollution problems. As a countermeasure, current measures include reducing the protrusion of the spikes to 1.0 to 1.5 mm, or increasing the number of spikes to 154 mm.
Efforts have been made to reduce the number of tires per tire from 122 tires per tire, but this does not essentially solve the pollution problem, and on the other hand, it does not improve the performance of tires on icy and snowy roads. It is considered that there is a problem from a safety point of view. In addition, in recent years, it has been considered to insert and remove spikes depending on the road surface situation, but the spike pins that have been considered have extremely complex structures and require some type of actuator (for example, a pneumatic actuator) to insert and remove the spike pins. , electric actuator), the size is large and the price is high, so it has not been put into practical use.

For these reasons, it was necessary to develop a spike pin for spiked tires that does not scrape the road surface, maintains tire performance on icy and snowy roads, is compact in size, inexpensive, and operates reliably. desired.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] This invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is possible to change the length of the spike protruding from the tire surface depending on the road surface condition.
As a result, road surface scraping is significantly reduced, tire performance on icy and snowy roads is not degraded, and, importantly, the structure is particularly simple, the operation is reliable, and the price is low. The purpose is to provide an inexpensive spike pin.

(B) Structure of the Invention [Means for Solving the Problem] Corresponding to this object, the spike pin of the spiked tire of the present invention is a spiked tire in which a spike having a shank for holding a tip is attached to a snow tire. The shank includes a shank base fixed to the tire, and a chip holder that abuts and engages with the shank base so as to be rotatably displaceable around the axis of the shank and linearly displaceable in the axial direction of the shank. The tip holding portion is rotationally displaceable with respect to the shank base with respect to the axis of the shank, and the tip holding portion is guided by the abutting surface by the rotation and is moved in the axial direction. and the tip is held at the tip of the tip holding portion at a position eccentric from the axis.

Hereinafter, details of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings showing one embodiment.

In Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4,
Reference numeral 1 denotes a spike pin, which is attached to the snow tire 2 to constitute a spiked tire.
Spike pin 1 has tip 1 at the tip of shank 10
3 is fixed to the snow tire 2, and the shank 10 is made up of a base 3 fixed to the snow tire 2, and a tip holding part 4 engaged with the base 3. The base 3 is made of steel, for example, and has a cylindrical body with an open top end, and has a hole 6 with a circular cross section perpendicular to the axis 5 in the direction of the axis 5, and a flange for mounting at the base end. It has 9. The upper end surface 7 of the base 3 has a tip holding portion 4
The upper end surface 7 is inclined with respect to the shaft 5, and forms a contact surface on which the chip holder 4 is placed. The tip holder 4 is made of steel, for example, and engages the base 3 concentrically. The tip holding part 4 has a large diameter head part 8 and a small diameter leg part 11 which are continuous with a shoulder 12 as a boundary. A tip 13 made of carbide metal is fixed to the tip of the head 8. The fixed position of the chip 13 is offset from the axis 5 by a distance r. Further, a plurality of protrusions 14 are formed on the outer periphery of the head 8. This protrusion 14 is for increasing the friction with the snow tire 2 to prevent the head 8 from falling off.
It is. The leg portion 11 has a cylindrical shape with a circular cross section perpendicular to the axis 5, and is loosely fitted into the hole 6 of the base portion 3. The tip holder 4 is therefore rotatable about the axis 5 relative to the base 3. The shoulder 12 of the tip holding part 4 is inclined with respect to the axis 5, and when the tip holding part 4 rotates about the axis 5 with respect to the base 3, the contact position between the upper end surface 7 of the leg part 11 and the shoulder 12 changes. However, the tip holding portion 4 is guided by the upper end surface 7, and its position in the axial direction is displaced. This means that the chip 13 moves in and out of the surface of the snow tire 2. Although there are no particular restrictions on the contours of the head 8 and the base 3 when viewed in the direction of the axis 5, in this embodiment they are approximately elliptical.

[Function] The function of the spike pin configured as described above is as follows.

Assuming that the spiked tire rotates in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the paper that includes the axis 5 of the spike pin 1 in FIG. When there is no ice or snow on the road surface, no slipping occurs between the snow tire 2 and the concrete on the road surface, and the spike pin 1
The tips 13 simply come into contact with the road surface, and the friction between the spiked tires and the road surface, which is necessary for driving, occurs primarily between the snow tires and the road surface. Therefore, in this case, the chip 13 is the snow tire 2.
It is almost flush with the outer circumferential surface of the road, and the road surface is rarely scraped away.

Next, if the road surface is covered with ice and snow and slippage occurs between the ice and snow road surface and the snow tires 2,
A force F in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the paper acts on the tip 13 whose tip is in contact with the icy and snowy road surface and is not slipping, and as a result, a moment M=F×
r occurs, and the tip holder 4 undergoes a relative rotational displacement with respect to the base 3 around the axis 5 (FIG. 6). Assuming that the shoulder 12 of the tip holding part 4 is in contact with the upper end surface 7 of the base 3 at the lowest position in a state where there is no relative rotational displacement, this relative rotational displacement causes the tip holding part 4 to move as shown in FIG. The part 4 is guided and pushed up by the upper end surface 7 of the base part 3 at the shoulder 12, and the contact position moves to a higher position on the upper end surface 7, and as a result, the tip holding part 4 is displaced outward in the direction of the axis 5, Chip 1
3 protrudes outward from the snow tire 2 by a distance h,
The spikes bite into the icy and snowy road surface and prevent the entire tire from slipping. When the slippage ceases, the chip holder 4 returns to its original position due to the elastic restoring force of the snow tire 2 restraining the chip holder 4, and the chip no longer comes into contact with the road surface. Further, when braking or starting, there is slippage between the snow tire 2 and the road surface, so the tip holding portion 4 protrudes and the tip 13 comes into contact with the road surface, but the slippage disappears when the vehicle comes to a complete stop or when the vehicle is running. , the chip holder returns to its original position, and the chip no longer comes into contact with the road surface.

(C) Effects of the Invention As is clear from the above explanation, according to the present invention, it is possible to change the protrusion length of the spikes from the tire surface depending on the road surface condition, thereby reducing the amount of road surface scraping. significantly reduces the amount of damage, and
It is possible to obtain a spiked tire with a simple structure without reducing the performance of the tire on an icy and snowy road surface. It is particularly important to note that although it has traditionally been considered to control the entry and exit of spikes according to temperature, estimating the road surface condition from the temperature condition is an indirect method of detecting the road surface condition. However, in the present invention, since the slippage of the road surface is directly used as a signal, it is possible to respond extremely well to the condition of the road surface.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory front view showing a spike pin according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory plan view showing a spike pin according to an embodiment of the invention, and FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the invention. FIG. 4 is a side partial explanatory view showing the engagement portion between the tip holding portion and the base, and FIG. 5 is a front view showing the tip holding portion of the spike pin in a displaced state. , and FIG. 6 are plan views showing a state in which the tip holding portion of the spike pin is displaced. 1...Spike pin, 2...Snow tire, 3
...Base, 4...Tip holding part, 5...Shaft, 6...
... hole, 7 ... upper end surface, 8 ... head, 9 ... flange, 10 ... shank, 11 ... leg, 12 ...
Shoulder, 13...chip, 14...protrusion.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A spike tire comprising a spike having a shank for holding a chip attached to a snow tire, wherein the shank is rotatably displaceable around the axis of the shank between a shank base fixed to the tire and the shank base. and a tip holding part that abuts and engages with the shank so as to be linearly displaceable in the axial direction of the shank, the tip holding part being rotationally displaceable with respect to the shank base with respect to the axis of the shank, and the tip holding part is capable of being guided by the abutting surface and displaced in the axial direction by the rotation, and the tip is held at the tip of the tip holding portion at a position eccentric from the axis. A spike pin for a spiked tire.