JPH0367882B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) This invention relates to a spiked tire, and more specifically, when a car is normally running, the spike pins are pushed into the tire by being pressed against the road surface, causing the car to suddenly stop. Regarding spiked tires that can exhibit a spike effect when the tips of the spike pins remain protruding from the tread surface due to resistance from the road surface during sudden acceleration or braking such as when starting suddenly or starting on a slope. .

(Prior art and its problems) Spiked tires are snow tires or the like with spikes installed in order to ensure safe driving performance of automobiles on snowy roads and ice-covered roads.

However, when a car equipped with spiked tires is driven on a road where the snow or ice has melted and the road surface is exposed, a problem arises in that the spike pins scrape the road surface. This scraped dust flies into the atmosphere and causes air pollution.

Further, the dust contains harmful heavy metals such as cadmium and lead, which are harmful to the human body. Furthermore, road markings such as crossing strips drawn on the road surface are scratched off by spike pins, making them unclear and dangerous, and when the snow melts, the markings need to be redrawn, which requires a huge amount of money. .
In addition, the road surface is scraped, tire treads are created, and other damage occurs to the road, resulting in high repair costs and becoming a major social problem.

Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventor invented and filed Japanese Patent Application No. 58-62540 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 59-186704). This invention allows the tip of the spike pin to remain protruding from the tread surface due to resistance from the road surface only when the spike pin is about to slip on a frozen road, such as when suddenly stopping, starting suddenly, or starting on a slope. On the other hand, under normal driving conditions, the spike pins are pressed against the road surface and pushed into the tire.

That is, as shown in FIG. 8, an elastic body 3 made of a material such as rubber is arranged inside the cylinder 2, and a hole 3a formed in the center of the elastic body 3 is inserted into the spike pin 5.
The shaft 5a passes through it. The rear end of the spike pin 5 is fixed to the bottom surface 2a of the cylinder 2 to prevent it from coming off. Further, an enlarged diameter neck portion 6 is formed at the tip of the spike pin 5, and this enlarged diameter neck portion 6 is positioned to protrude beyond the tip opening edge of the cylinder 2. Therefore, when a deforming force is applied to the tire surface, the enlarged diameter neck portion 6 of the spike pin 5 engages with the edge of the opening at the tip end of the cylinder 2 and maintains the protruding state.

Therefore, in the invention shown in FIG. 8, when a sudden stop occurs, the enlarged diameter neck of the spike pin swings and engages the opening edge of the cylinder, and when it returns to normal running, the spike pin moves to the center of the cylinder ( It is important that the cylinder can be moved back in and out (along the axis of the cylinder) and that it has good durability. However, since the weight of the vehicle acts in the direction in which the spike pin 5 moves in and out, and the kinetic energy and thrust of the vehicle body act in the direction in which the spike pin 5 swings, a large force is applied, making it important to adjust the direction in which the spike pin 5 swings. However, when a rubber material is used as the elastic body that is in direct contact with the jaw of the enlarged diameter neck part 6 as in the past, when the spike pin 5 swings, the opening edge of the cylinder 2 and the enlarged diameter neck part There were problems such as the rubber material being caught between the jaws and being easily damaged, and being easily deformed by a small horizontal component force.

Therefore, in this invention, the spike pin engages and maintains the protruding state when a sudden stop, sudden start, or start on a slope occurs, and when returning to normal driving, the spike pin returns to the center of the cylinder and moves in and out. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a spiked tire that can be used as a tire and has excellent durability.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above problems, the present invention includes the following configuration.

That is, a cylinder is embedded in the tire so that one end is open on the tire ground contact surface, an inwardly extending portion toward the axis of the cylinder, a tip end in the direction of the ground contact surface forms an enlarged diameter neck, and a rear end portion. A spike pin is formed with an enlarged portion at the rear end thereof, and the enlarged portion at the rear end is fixed to the inwardly extending portion to prevent it from coming off, and the spike pin is configured to move freely forward and backward and swing within the cylinder; and a biasing means for biasing the expanded diameter neck portion to protrude from the cylinder opening edge,
During normal driving, the spike pin located at the ground contact area is pushed into the cylinder against the biasing force of the biasing means due to the vehicle weight, etc., and the spike pin that is about to be pushed into the cylinder due to braking/acceleration is pushed in the horizontal direction. In a spiked tire in which the spike pin swings when a component force is applied and the jaws of the enlarged diameter neck engage with the opening edge of the cylinder, so that the enlarged diameter neck is held in a state protruding from the tire contact surface. , the biasing means is a coil spring (spring 3
0) and a sleeve material 26, and an elastic sleeve material 26 (hereinafter referred to as sleeve material 2) for swing return is attached to an inwardly extending portion (hereinafter referred to as extending portion 16) within the cylinder 12.
6), a spring 30 is interposed between this sleeve material 26 and a portion of the enlarged diameter neck portion 22 of the spike pin 32 near the jaw shaft, and the spring 3
0 and the shaft 18 of the spike pin 32 is passed through the inside of the sleeve material 26.

(Embodiments) Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail based on the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the spike.

The overall reference numeral 10 is a spike. A flange portion 14 is formed at the upper end of a cylindrical cylinder 12 constituting this spike 10. A flange-shaped extending portion 16 extending toward the axis of the cylinder 12 is formed in the middle part of the inner side of the cylinder 12, and
A hole 16a is formed in the center of this extending portion 16. Then, the shaft 1 is inserted into the hole 16a of the extending portion 16.
The rear end of the shaft 18 passes through the shaft 18, and an enlarged portion 20 for preventing the shaft from coming off is formed at the rear end of the shaft 18. Further, at the lower end of the shaft 18, there is an enlarged diameter neck portion 2 having a diameter larger than that of the shaft 18 and smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder 12.
2 is formed, and furthermore, a protrusion 24 is formed at the center of the lower surface of this enlarged diameter neck portion 22. Note that the enlarged portion 20 may be attached to the shaft 18 by screwing, welding, or the like.

Immediately below the extending portion 16, a sleeve member 26 for returning the spike pin to swing, a donut-shaped metal plate 28, and a spring 30 are arranged, and the shaft 18 passes through the center of each of them. Further, the upper end of the spring 30 is in contact with the metal plate 28, and the lower end is in contact with the upper surface of the jaw portion 22a of the enlarged diameter neck portion 22. On the other hand, the jaw portion 22a of the enlarged diameter neck portion 22
is located slightly below the lower end edge 12a of the cylinder 12.

The shaft 18, the enlarged portion 20, and the enlarged diameter neck portion 22
The spike pin 32 is composed of the protrusion 24 and the protrusion 24 .

The spike 10 is provided so as to be pushed into the tire 34. Then, the enlarged diameter neck part 2
2 and the protrusion 24, or only the protrusion 24 is mounted so as to protrude from the tread surface of the tire 34.

Next, the operation of the spiked tire of this embodiment will be explained.

In normal driving conditions, the spike pin 32 is located at the lowest end, as shown in FIG. It is pushed into the cylinder 12 against the force.

In this case, since the shaft 18 of the spike pin 32 is always regulated to be located at the center of the sleeve material 26, the spike pin 3 can be moved smoothly.
2 is pushed into the cylinder 12. Then, the shaft 18 is connected to the cylinder 12 by the sleeve material 26.
Since the spike pin 32 is positioned along the axis of the spike pin 32, the spike pin 32 is moved in and out in this state.

When the spike pin 32 is released from contact with the road surface, it is biased by the spring 30 and maintains a state of protruding from the tread surface.

On the other hand, a state in which the brakes are applied while driving on a road covered with ice and snow will be explained with reference to FIG. This drawing shows a state in which the brakes are applied while the vehicle is traveling from right to left in the drawing.

When the brakes are applied to a car, the rotation speed of the tires suddenly decreases, and at the same time the tread surface of the tire is pushed backwards and the spike pin 3 is deformed.
A horizontal component force is added to 2. Then, the sleeve material 26 is deformed by being pressed by the shaft 18 of the spike pin 32. At the same time, the jaw portion 2 of the enlarged diameter neck portion 22
2a engages with the lower edge 12a of the cylinder 12 and maintains this engaged state, while the protrusion 24 slightly protruding from the tread surface of the tire bites into the frozen road surface or packed snow surface to prevent slippage (see Figure 4). ). At this time,
Since the spring 30 is in contact with the jaw portion 22a of the enlarged diameter neck portion 22 near the shaft portion 18, it can sufficiently withstand even when a large component force in the horizontal direction is applied.

When the normal driving condition returns, the force acting on the ice and snow surface of the spike pin 32 is released, and the spike pin 32 becomes free, and the restoring force of the deformed sleeve material 26 quickly restores the spike pin 32.
is returned to the center.

That is, in a normal running condition, the spike pin 32 when not in contact with the road surface is biased by the spring 30, and the protrusion 24 at the tip of the spike pin 32 protrudes from the tread surface of the tire. On the other hand, when the spike pin 32 is in contact with the road surface, the protrusion 24 of the spike pin 32 is pressed against the road surface, and the cylinder 1 resists the biasing force of the spring 30.
Pushed into 2.

Next, a modification of the above embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

In this modification, the lower end edge 12a of the cylinder 12
It is characterized by having a bulged portion 13 formed by bulging in the outer circumferential direction. The other configurations are the same as those of the above embodiment.

That is, when the jaw portion 22a of the enlarged diameter neck portion 22 engages with the lower end edge 12a of the cylinder 12, a horizontal component force is applied to the lower end edge 12a of the cylinder 12, but the expansion formed on the lower end edge 12a of the cylinder 12 The protrusion 13 prevents the cylinder 12 from tilting.

Further, in FIG. 5, a guide tube 36 is arranged so as to cover the inner circumferential surface and the upper surface (the surface that contacts directly below the extension part 16) of the sleeve member 26. This means that when the spike pin 32 is pushed in, the spring 30
This prevents the sleeve material 26 from being pressed and deformed and pressing against the side surface of the shaft 18, thereby preventing the spike pin 32 from being obstructed from moving in and out.
That is, since the sleeve material 26 and the shaft 18 are configured not to be in direct contact with each other, the shaft 18 is less affected by friction from the sleeve material 26 and operates smoothly.

Moreover, FIG. 6 shows another embodiment.

This embodiment is formed almost the same as the above embodiment, but the shape of the spring 30 is different. The spring 30 of this embodiment is formed into a conical shape,
The upper end of this spring 30 is formed to have an outer diameter substantially equal to the inner diameter of the cylinder 12 and abuts on the sleeve member 26, and the lower end abuts on the jaw 22a of the enlarged diameter neck 22. Therefore, the action of the spring 30 makes it easier to urge the spike pin 32 to a position along the axis.

Furthermore, FIG. 7 shows another modification.

The structure is substantially the same as the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, but the position of the sleeve member 26 is different. That is, in FIG. 1, the sleeve member 26 is provided directly below the extending portion 16 to position the shaft 18 in the center, but in this embodiment, the position of the spring 30 in the middle of the shaft 18 is restricted to the center. It is arranged like this. The other configurations are the same as those of the above embodiment, and the same operations and effects are achieved.

In addition, in each of the above embodiments, the spike pin 3
Although the protrusion 24 is integrally provided at the tip of the tip 2, a hard tip may be provided separately instead of the protrusion 24.

Although various preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. Of course, many modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, for example, the sleeve material may be made of rubber, synthetic resin, or other material having elasticity.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above regarding the present invention, the biasing means for the spike pin is composed of a coil spring and a sleeve material, and an elastic sleeve material for swing return is applied to the inwardly extending portion within the cylinder. A coil spring is interposed between this elastic sleeve material and the portion of the enlarged diameter neck of the spike pin near the jaw shaft, and the shaft of the spike pin is passed through the inside of the coil spring and the sleeve material, so that the elastic Due to the action of the sleeve material, the spike pin is stably pushed into the tire during normal driving conditions. on the other hand,
When a large horizontal force is applied, such as when braking or accelerating, such as when stopping suddenly, starting suddenly, or starting on a slope, the spike pin swings and the enlarged diameter neck closes to the opening edge of the cylinder. It is fixed on top and produces a spike effect.

Further, when the spike pin 5 swings, there is a significant effect that the rubber material will not be caught between the opening edge of the cylinder and the jaw of the enlarged diameter neck.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the spike, Figure 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the normal driving condition with the spike attached to the tire, and Figures 3 and 4 are the behavior of the spike when the brakes are applied while driving. 5th cross-sectional explanatory diagram showing
7 to 7 are vertical cross-sectional views of spikes showing modified examples,
FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a conventional example. 10...Spike, 12...Cylinder, 14...
...Flange part, 16... Extension part, 18... Shaft, 20... Enlarged part, 22... Expanded diameter neck part, 26...
...Sleeve material, 30...Spring, 32...Spike pin, 34...Tire.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A cylinder embedded in the tire so that one end opens on the tire ground contact surface, an inwardly extending portion toward the axis of the cylinder, and a distal end portion in the direction of the ground contact surface forming an enlarged diameter neck portion. a spike pin, which has an enlarged portion formed at its rear end portion, and which locks the enlarged portion of the rear end portion to the inwardly extending portion to prevent it from slipping out, and freely moves back and forth and swings within the cylinder; and a biasing means for biasing the spike pin so that the enlarged diameter neck protrudes from the cylinder opening edge, and the spike pin located at the ground contact portion during normal driving is affected by the biasing force of the biasing means due to the weight of the vehicle or the like. When a horizontal component of force is applied to the spike pin, which is about to be pushed into the cylinder due to braking and acceleration, the spike pin swings and the jaws of the enlarged diameter neck are pushed into the cylinder. In a spiked tire that engages with an opening edge and is held in a state in which the enlarged diameter neck protrudes from the tire ground plane, the biasing means comprises a coil spring and a sleeve material, and the biasing means is made of a coil spring and a sleeve material, and An elastic sleeve material for swing return is brought into contact with the extending portion, and a coil spring is interposed between the elastic sleeve material and the shaft-side portion of the jaw of the enlarged diameter neck of the spike pin, and the coil spring and the elastic A spike tire characterized by having a spike pin shaft passed through the inside of the sleeve material.