JPH0337992B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to equipment for separating and processing construction waste materials, and in particular, separates and processes various kinds of waste materials generated from the demolition of buildings by automatic machines based on their size, weight, etc. It is devised so that it can be sieved and processed and reused efficiently for land renovation, fuel, and other purposes, for example.

<Conventional technology and its problems> For example, when a wooden or concrete building is demolished, waste materials with a wide variety of sizes, weights, shapes, physical properties, etc. are generated. The various types of waste materials are buried in the ground or dumped in vacant lots in the form of a mixture of cobblestones, which poses a pollution problem.

<Means for Solving the Problems> The present invention aims to provide a separation treatment facility for construction waste materials that is useful for solving such problems.
Due to its structure, it is constructed at a certain height above the ground to receive various types of waste materials generated from the demolition of buildings, and has a waste material input hopper attached with a primary sorting screen of a certain diameter to remove large chunks of the waste materials. , is installed so as to face the bottom of the hopper,
A first belt conveyor unit that takes out and conveys the medium lump of waste material that has fallen from the primary sorting screen, and a constant belt conveyor unit that is installed so as to face below the conveyance end point of the conveyor unit and that has a diameter smaller than that of the primary sorting screen. a vibrating sieve equipped with a secondary sorting screen of the same diameter as the vibrating sieve; It is installed in communication with the belt conveyor unit and around the vibrating sieve.
A sedimentation tank that receives the medium chunks of waste material captured by the secondary sorting screen, and a sedimentation tank that receives the medium chunks of waste material caught in the secondary sorting screen, and a sedimentation tank that receives the medium chunks of waste material that have been caught in the secondary sorting screen, and a sedimentation tank that receives the medium chunks of waste material that have been caught in the secondary sorting screen, and a sedimentation tank that receives the medium chunks of waste material that have been caught in the secondary sorting screen. A third belt conveyor unit is installed in an inclined manner along the bottom surface of the water tank, and a third belt conveyor unit is installed in the middle of the water supply pipe that communicates and connects the sedimentation tank and a separate make-up water tank. A circulation pump is inserted in the middle of the return pipe that connects the sedimentation tank and the make-up water tank, and a circulation pump that circulates the water in the sedimentation tank in one direction by pumping make-up water to the sedimentation tank. A vibrating sieve is installed around the vibrating sieve to receive the light medium-sized solids floating on the water surface in the settling tank from the water tank to the outside, and a vibrating sieve is installed around the vibrating sieve to receive the light medium-sized solids suspended on the water surface in the settling tank. The first feature is that it consists of a fourth belt conveyor unit that transports lightweight items to the lightweight item collection zone, and is also constructed at a certain height above the ground to receive various waste materials generated from the demolition of buildings. A waste material input hopper is equipped with a primary sorting screen of a certain diameter to remove large lumps of waste material, and a waste material input hopper is installed so as to face the bottom of the hopper.
A first belt conveyor unit that takes out and conveys the medium lump of waste material that has fallen from the primary sorting screen, and a constant belt conveyor unit that is installed so as to face below the conveyance end point of the conveyor unit and that has a diameter smaller than that of the primary sorting screen. a vibrating sieve equipped with a secondary sorting screen of the same diameter as the vibrating sieve; It is installed in communication with the belt conveyor unit and around the vibrating sieve.
A sedimentation tank that receives medium chunks of waste material captured by the secondary sorting screen; A third belt conveyor unit installed in an inclined state is inserted in the middle of a water transmission pipe that connects the above-mentioned sedimentation tank and a separate make-up water tank, and transfers make-up water in the make-up water tank to the settling tank. A circulation pump that circulates the water in the sedimentation tank in one direction by pressure feeding, and a circulation pump that is installed midway in the return pipe that connects the sedimentation tank and the make-up tank, A vibrating sieve for draining water that receives light medium-sized objects floating on the water surface in the water tank from the tank to the outside, and a vibrating sieve installed around the vibrating sieve to collect light objects that have been sieved out. A fourth belt conveyor unit carries out the heavy objects to the heavy object collection zone, and a fifth belt conveyor unit is installed so as to face below the conveyance end point position by the third belt conveyor unit, and carries out the heavy object of the middle mass to the heavy object collection zone. and an electromagnet that is installed across the middle of the first belt conveyor unit and is attached to the belt conveyor in advance to attract only the magnetic material from the middle mass being conveyed by the first belt conveyor unit. , and a sixth belt conveyor unit for conveying the magnetic material to the magnetic material collection zone.

<Example> Hereinafter, the specific configuration of the present invention will be described in detail based on the illustrated example. Fig. 1 is an overall schematic plan view of the separation processing equipment, and Fig. 2 shows the separation processing of waste materials by the equipment. Regarding the flowchart showing the action, 11
11 is a waste materials input hopper for bulk inputting various types of waste materials generated from the demolition of buildings in a so-called mixed state of cobblestones, and is installed at a certain height above the ground. There is a rotating flip-up primary sorting screen 12,
Similarly, a vibrating feeder 13 is attached to the bottom of each opening in a suspended state. In that case,
The openings of the primary sorting screen 12 are, for example, approximately 150 mm.
As such, it is set to a relatively large constant diameter.

Reference numeral 14 denotes a waste material input path defined by erecting concrete walls, from which waste materials are dropped into the hopper 11 by cargo handling machines such as hydraulic excavators, forklifts, and dump trucks. It's getting old. Among the waste materials, only medium lumps with a diameter smaller than a certain diameter on the screen 12 are sieved out from the bottom of the hopper 11, and large lumps caught on the screen 12 are thrown out to the outside of the hopper 11. . A is the large lump collection zone, and the collected large lumps are indicated by the symbol a in FIG.

is a first belt conveyor unit that automatically conveys the medium lump of waste material that has fallen from the hopper 11 diagonally upward; its details are not shown;
In general, a unit frame 16 fixedly supported by columns 15, at least a pair of upper and lower rollers 17 supported by the frame 16, and an endless belt conveyor 18 wrapped around the rollers 17. The belt conveyor 18 is assembled into a first unit body, and the belt conveyor 18 is circulated by a drive motor (not shown) supported at an upper position of the frame 16.

19 is a vibrating screen supported by leg frames 20 so as to face the conveyance end point (upper end) of the first belt conveyor unit from below;
A hopper 22 for receiving waste material sieved from the secondary sorting screen 21 is also provided. Secondary sorting screen 21 attached to the vibrating sieve 19
The holes are considerably smaller in diameter than those of the primary screening screen 12, and are set to have a constant diameter of about 30 mm, for example. Therefore, only the small lumps of waste material that have been screened out will be transported to the small lump collection zone B by the second belt conveyor unit. The collected small lumps are also indicated by the reference numeral b in Fig. 2.

As is clear from the plan view of FIG. 1, the second belt conveyor unit extends along the lateral direction intersecting the first belt conveyor unit, and has a conveyance starting point facing the bottom surface of the receiving hopper 22. It is installed in a sloped position that gradually increases in height as it progresses from the beginning to the end point. Similarly to the first belt conveyor unit, the second belt conveyor unit also includes a unit frame 24 that is fixedly supported by a support 23, at least a pair of upper and lower rollers 25 that are axially mounted on the frame 24, and Needless to say, it has been completed into a pre-united body because of the endless belt conveyor 26 that is wrapped around the entire body and driven in rotation.

On the other hand, the secondary screening screen 2 of the vibrating sieve 19
The medium lumps of waste material captured in the waste material 1 are dropped into the sedimentation tank 28 of the sedimentation separation unit U through an inclined chute 27 installed in communication with the periphery of the vibrating sieve 19, and are suspended in the water tank 28. The system is designed to separate lightweight materials c, which also precipitate, and heavy materials d, which also precipitate.

That is, in FIG. 7, which is an enlarged view of the sedimentation separation unit U, is an inclined state along the bottom surface of the sedimentation tank 28, which is partitioned into a triangular cross section and is watertight.
and a third belt conveyor unit installed in a horizontally extending state that intersects the first belt conveyor unit in a plan view.
It is a belt conveyor unit, and together with its water tank 28 forms a sedimentation separation unit U. The third belt conveyor unit is the first and second belt conveyor unit.
In substantially the same way as a belt conveyor unit,
It consists of at least a pair of upper and lower rollers 29 that are pivotally supported outside the water tank 28, and an endless belt conveyor 30 wrapped around the rollers 29, and is circulated by a drive motor (not shown). Of course.

As is clear from Figure 7, the third belt conveyor unit has two settling tanks in most of its lower part
It is immersed in the inside of the water tank 28, and is configured to receive only the heavy material d of settled waste material while automatically conveying it horizontally and diagonally upward, and carrying it out to the outside of the water tank 28. In that case, the inside of the water tank 28 has an inclined guide wall 3
1, it is functionally divided into an upper small chamber 28a and a lower large chamber 28b, and the large chamber 2
8b is set as the sedimentation zone X, and the small chamber 28a is set as the water supply zone Y, and
The upper end of the belt conveyor unit exposed to the outside of the water tank 28 from the small chamber 28a functions as a dewatering zone Z.

The inclined guide wall 31 directs water to arrow F in FIG.
It guides the flow in one direction as indicated by P, and for that reason, the top part is slightly lower than the surface of the water stored in the water tank 28, and the bottom part is similar to the belt conveyor 3.
It is installed to maintain a constant gap with the surface of 0. 32 and 33 also move water in one direction F, P above.
an injection nozzle oriented to cause flow to;
They are installed near the bottom of the large chamber 28b and near the top of the small chamber 28a, respectively, and water is force-fed from a circulation pump 34 to both nozzles 32 and 33.

The circulation pump 34 includes a replenishment tank 35 installed separately from the settling tank 28 and the settling tank 28.
8 is inserted and installed in the middle of the water supply pipe 36 that communicates with the water supply tank 35, thereby causing the make-up water in the make-up water tank 35 to flow and circulate from the injection nozzles 32, 33 in the above-mentioned one direction F, P. It is something. The replenishment water tank 35 and settling tank 28 are connected to each other by a return water pipe 37, and a vibrating sieve 38 for draining water is interposed in the middle of the water return pipe 37. The vibrating sieve 38
The overflow channel 39 of the settling tank 28 is faced from below, and a water receiving hopper 40 is also attached to this.

In short, the make-up water in the make-up water tank 35 is pumped by the circulation pump 34 into the sedimentation tank 28 of the sedimentation separation unit U, and its overflow drainage action removes the lightweight materials c from the vibrating sieve 38 for draining.
At the same time, the water goes through a cycle of returning to the replenishment water tank 35, so that it can be used repeatedly without waste.

The lightweight objects c captured by the draining vibrating sieve 38 are conveyed to the light object collection zone C by the fourth belt conveyor unit via the inclined chute 41 installed in communication with the vibrating sieve 38. It is. As is clear from the plan view of FIG. 1, the fourth belt conveyor unit extends in a direction intersecting with the third belt conveyor unit of the sedimentation separation unit U, and is located at the lower end of the inclined chute 41. It is installed in an inclined state that gradually becomes taller as it progresses from the conveyance start point facing the section to the end point.

The fourth belt conveyor unit also has the same characteristics as the first and second belt conveyor units described above.
Unit frame 43 supported by pillars 42
It consists of at least a pair of upper and lower rollers 44 that are axially mounted on the frame 43, and an endless belt conveyor 45 that is wrapped around the entire rollers 44 and circulated by a drive motor (not shown). Needless to say.

On the other hand, during conveyance by the third belt conveyor unit of the sedimentation separation unit U, the heavy material d of the waste material was automatically drained in its dewatering zone Z.
is transported to the collection zone D of the heavy object d by the fifth belt conveyor unit facing below the conveyance end point position. As is clear from Fig. 1, the fifth belt conveyor unit is also
The third belt conveyor unit extends along a direction intersecting the third belt conveyor unit in a plan view, and as it progresses from the starting point position to the ending point position of the conveying action,
As expected, it is installed on a slope that gradually increases in height. The fifth belt conveyor is also a unit body similar to the first and second belt conveyor units, 46 is its support, 47 is a unit frame,
Reference numeral 48 indicates a roller, and 49 indicates a belt conveyor wound around the roller 48 so as to circulate.

Therefore, as suggested by the figure, in the collection zone A of the large lump a, the collection zone B of the small lump b, and the collection zones C and D of the light material c and heavy material d in the medium lump, there is a separation process. As a result, all the corresponding waste materials pile up in a small pile. A small lump of the waste material b
is mainly soil, and the medium-sized lightweight material c refers to wood, plastic materials, etc., and the heavy material d also refers to
means concrete, metal, etc.

In addition, the other reference numerals 50 shown in the figure are stairs for inspection built around the sedimentation separation unit U, 51 is an incinerator, 52 is a manual sorting workshop divided by a concrete wall, and 53 is a rapid sedimentation station. This is an exciter, which quickly moves the heavy load d to the sedimentation tank 2.
It is preferable to precipitate it within 8 to improve the working efficiency.

Although the above explanation was given as equipment that automatically separates waste materials generated from the demolition of buildings based on their size and weight, additional equipment that separates waste materials based on their physical properties may also be provided.

That is, in FIGS. 1 to 3, which clearly show this,
is a relatively short sixth belt conveyor unit that crosses the slope of the first belt conveyor unit, and includes a unit frame 55 that is fixedly suspended from a frame column 54 that straddles the first belt conveyor unit, and a shaft attached to the frame 55. Also, from the suspended pair of left and right rollers 56 and the endless belt conveyor 57 that is wrapped around the entire roller 56 in a state parallel to the surface of the belt conveyor 18 in the first belt conveyor unit, The conveyor belt 57 is formed into a unit body, and its belt conveyor 57 is circulated by a drive motor (not shown).

Moreover, an electromagnet 58 is attached and integrated with the belt conveyor 57 in advance, and this is attached to the belt conveyor 1 of the first belt conveyor unit.
8 correctly from above and its belt conveyor 1
From the waste materials being transported by 8, only the magnetic materials such as reinforcing bars and fittings are picked up, selected horizontally as suspended materials, and dropped into the collection zone E divided by a concrete wall. There is. The magnetic material contained within the collection zone E is indicated by the reference numeral e in FIG.

If a sixth belt conveyor unit for automatically sorting the magnetic materials e is also installed as an accessory, the effect of separating construction waste materials can be further improved, which is extremely beneficial in terms of their reuse. for example,
It can be said that the medium-sized lightweight material c can be reused as fuel, the heavy material d can be used as a landfill, and the small mass b can be sold as is.

<Effects of the Invention> As described above, the construction waste separation processing equipment according to the present invention is constructed at a certain height above the ground to receive various waste materials generated from the demolition of buildings, and A waste material input hopper 1 attached with a primary sorting screen 12 of a constant diameter for eliminating lumps a.
1, a first belt conveyor unit that is installed facing downward from the hopper 11 and takes out and conveys the medium lump of waste material that has fallen from the primary sorting screen 12; A vibrating sieve 19 is provided with a secondary sorting screen 21 which is installed facing downward and has a constant diameter smaller than the primary sorting screen 12; A second belt conveyor unit that transports the small lumps b of waste material sieved from the sorting screen 21 to the small lump collection zone B is also installed in communication with the vibrating sieve 19, and is connected to the secondary screening screen 21. A sedimentation tank 28 for receiving the captured medium chunks of waste material, and a water tank for carrying out the heavy materials d of the medium materials settled in the water in the sedimentation tank 28 from the water tank 28 to the external heavy materials collection zone D. A third belt conveyor unit is installed in an inclined state along the bottom surface of the tank 28, and is inserted in the middle of the water supply pipe 36 that communicates and connects the sedimentation tank 28 and a separate replenishment water tank 35. The make-up water in the water tank 35 is transferred to the sedimentation tank 28.
A circulation pump 34 that circulates the water in the sedimentation tank 28 in one direction F and P by pumping the water to installed in the
A vibrating sieve 38 for draining water that receives the light objects c in the form of medium lumps floating on the water surface in the settling tank 28 from the water tank 28 to the outside; and a fourth belt conveyor unit that transports the lightweight materials C to the lightweight material collection zone C. Therefore, various types of waste materials in a so-called mixed cobble state can be automatically and mechanically efficiently and mass-collected based on their size and weight. This has the effect of solving the problems of the prior art mentioned at the beginning.

In particular, in order to re-separate the medium lumps sorted from the large lumps a of waste material into their light weight c and heavy weight d, the present invention uses a sedimentation separation unit U consisting of a sedimentation tank 28 and a third belt conveyor unit, In addition, since the make-up water in the make-up water tank 35 is circulated to the sedimentation tank 28 by the circulation pump 34 so as to flow in one direction F, P, the water can be used repeatedly without wasting it. The lightweight object c and the heavy object d can be separated with great efficiency.

Moreover, one direction F, P in the sedimentation tank 28
Light objects c floating on the water surface are discharged from the water tank 28 into the vibrating sieve 38 by the overflow water flowing along the water tank 28, so a special physical mechanism for this purpose is not required. In that sense as well, the above effects can be enhanced. As shown in the illustrated embodiment, this becomes even more effective by dividing the sedimentation tank 28 by the inclined guide wall 31 and by installing injection nozzles 32 and 33 in the divided large chamber 28b and small chamber 28a. It will be something that can be demonstrated.

Furthermore, a sixth belt conveyor unit is also constructed so as to straddle the middle of the first belt conveyor unit, and its belt conveyor 57 with an attached electromagnet 58 is used to control the conveyance by the belt conveyor 18 of the first belt conveyor unit. If the configuration is such that only the magnetic materials e are adsorbed and sorted from the waste materials and then transported to the magnetic material collection zone E, construction waste materials can be separated and processed even more finely. It can be said that it is extremely useful for use.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is an overall schematic plan view of the separation processing equipment according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a flowchart showing the entire separation processing operation, and Figs. 3 to 6 are 3-3 in Fig. 1.
, 4-4, 5-5, and 6-6; Figure 7 is an enlarged sectional view showing the sedimentation separation unit and its piping system; Figures 8 and 9 are the same. Each enlarged sectional view taken along line 8-8 and line 9-9 in FIG. 1, FIG. 10 is a general schematic plan view of another embodiment corresponding to FIG. 1, and FIG. This is a flowchart showing the separation processing action, and the second
It corresponds to the figure. 11...Waste material input hopper, 12...Primary sorting screen, 19...Vibration sieve, 21...Secondary sorting screen, 27, 41...Chute, 28...
Sedimentation tank, 28a...small room, 28b...large room, 3
1... Inclined guide wall, 32, 33... Injection nozzle, 34... Circulation pump, 35... Supply water tank, 3
6... Water supply pipe line, 37... Water return pipe line, 38... Vibrating sieve for draining water, 39... Overflow waterway, 4
0...Water receiving hopper, 58...Electromagnet, A...
Large lump collecting zone, B... Small lump collecting zone, C...
Light object collection zone, D...Heavy object collection zone, E
...magnetic material collection zone, X...sedimentation zone, Y...
...Water supply zone, Z...Dehydration zone, a...Large mass,
b...small lump, c...light object, d...heavy object, e...
...magnetic material, I...first belt conveyor unit,
...Second belt conveyor unit,...Third belt conveyor unit
Belt conveyor unit,...fourth belt conveyor unit,...fifth belt conveyor unit,...sixth belt conveyor unit.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A primary sorting screen 12 that is installed at a certain height above the ground to receive various types of waste materials generated from the demolition of buildings, and that has a certain diameter to exclude large chunks a of the waste materials. a first belt conveyor unit installed facing below the hopper 11 to pick up and convey the medium lump of waste material that has fallen from the primary sorting screen 12, and conveyance by the conveyor unit. A vibrating sieve 19 installed so as to face below the end point position and equipped with a secondary sorting screen 21 having a constant diameter smaller in diameter than the primary sorting screen 12; A second belt conveyor unit is installed in communication with the vicinity of the vibrating screen 19, and is connected to a second belt conveyor unit that transports the small lumps b of waste materials sieved from the secondary sorting screen 21 to the small lump collection zone B. A sedimentation tank 28 receives medium chunks of waste material captured by the sorting screen 21, and heavy materials d of the medium materials settled in the water in the sedimentation tank 28 are carried out from the water tank 28 to an external heavy materials collection zone D. In order to achieve this, a third belt conveyor unit is installed in an inclined manner along the bottom surface of the water tank 28, and a third belt conveyor unit is inserted and installed in the middle of the water supply pipe 36 that communicates and connects the sedimentation tank 28 and the separate replenishment water tank 35. The make-up water in the make-up water tank 35 is transferred to the sedimentation tank 28.
A circulation pump 34 that circulates the water in the sedimentation tank 28 in one direction F and P by pumping the water to installed in the
A vibrating sieve 38 for draining water that receives the light objects c in the form of medium lumps floating on the water surface in the settling tank 28 from the water tank 28 to the outside; Construction waste separation processing equipment consisting of a fourth belt conveyor unit that transports lightweight items C to the lightweight item collection zone C. 2. A waste material input hopper 11 that is installed at a certain height above the ground to receive various types of waste materials generated from the demolition of buildings, and is attached with a primary sorting screen 12 of a certain diameter to exclude large chunks a of the waste materials. and a first belt conveyor unit which is installed so as to face below the hopper 11 and which picks up and conveys the medium lump of waste material that has fallen from the primary sorting screen 12, and a first belt conveyor unit which is installed so as to face below the hopper 11 and which carries out the medium lump of waste material that has fallen from the primary sorting screen 12; A vibrating sieve 19 is installed as shown in FIG. A second belt conveyor unit that transports small lumps b of waste material sieved from the screen 21 to the small lump collection zone B is also installed in communication with the vicinity of the vibrating sieve 19, and is captured by the secondary sorting screen 21. A sedimentation tank 28 for receiving the medium lumps of waste materials, and a heavy object d of the medium lumps settled in the water in the sedimentation tank 28, to be taken out from the water tank 28 and transported.
A third belt conveyor unit is installed in an inclined manner along the bottom surface of the water tank 28, and a third belt conveyor unit is inserted and installed in the middle of a water supply pipe 36 that communicates and connects the sedimentation tank 28 and a separate replenishment water tank 35. The make-up water in the make-up water tank 35 is transferred to the sedimentation tank 28.
A circulation pump 34 that circulates the water in the sedimentation tank 28 in one direction F and P by pumping the water to installed in the
A vibrating sieve 38 for draining water that receives the light objects c in the form of medium lumps floating on the water surface in the settling tank 28 from the water tank 28 to the outside; A fourth belt conveyor unit is installed so as to face the lower part of the conveyance end point of the third belt conveyor unit, which transports the light weight objects c to the light weight collection zone C; A fifth belt conveyor unit for carrying out to collection zone D, and a belt conveyor 5 which is constructed so as to cross the middle of the first belt conveyor unit.
The electromagnet 58 attached in advance to the magnetic material collection zone E attracts only the magnetic material e from the medium mass being conveyed by the first belt conveyor unit.
A construction waste separation treatment facility consisting of a sixth belt conveyor unit and a sixth belt conveyor unit. 3 The interior of the sedimentation tank 28 is divided into a large chamber 28b that acts as a sedimentation zone X and a small chamber 28a that acts as a water supply zone Y by interposing an inclined guide wall 31, and both chambers 28a and 28b are communicated with a circulation pump 34. The construction waste separation treatment equipment according to claim 2, which comprises connecting injection nozzles 32 and 33, respectively.