JPH0338400B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for treating dust in a tunnel using water droplets and an apparatus for carrying out the method.

Normally, in tunnel construction, blasting is performed to excavate the bedrock at the face, or concrete is sprayed to line the tunnel. This generates dust, which pollutes the air inside the tunnel and harms the health of workers.

For this reason, a method of ventilation is adopted by taking in clean air from outside the mine and sending it to the face, but when concrete is shot, a large amount of dust is generated, so this method It is not possible to provide sufficient ventilation.

In addition, although various types of dust processing devices have been developed, none of them are configured to handle changes in the tunnel cross section or the amount of dust generated, that is, changes in the amount of dust processed. Not only is dust treated by installing large-scale equipment, but air containing blasting gas and dust tends to accumulate above the tunnel, so treatment equipment must be installed above the tunnel. No. For this reason, there were problems such as not only high tunnel construction costs but also a narrow working space inside the mine, resulting in a decrease in work efficiency.

Furthermore, dust is also adsorbed and removed by spraying water, but since the spray water supply piping that communicates with the spray nozzle is routed through a tunnel, the work space is also reduced as described above. Not only is the tunnel narrow, but a large amount of water used for spraying remains in the tunnel, adversely affecting work, and the wastewater treatment is extremely difficult.

In order to eliminate such problems, the present invention has the following features:
In the vicinity of the tunnel face, liquid in a water tank installed near the face is sprayed from a plurality of nozzles arranged in the width direction of the tunnel toward the tunnel wall, thereby spraying water from the lower part of the tunnel cross section to the space between the tunnel walls. While forming a mist-like water film, clean air is forced from the lower part of the water film toward the face side, and this air flow blows the air containing dust from above the face side. It flows to the rear water film side, and this water film adsorbs dust in the air.
A method for treating dust in a tunnel, which is characterized by causing the dust to flow down onto a water receiving plate disposed below while removing dust, flowing on the water receiving plate, and returning to the water tank again, and an apparatus for carrying out the method. This is what we provide.

Embodiments of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings: 1
is an underframe placed on the movable trolley 2, in which a water tank 3 is arranged, and ducts 5, 5 having air supply fans 4 along both sides of the lower part of this water tank 3 are connected in the front and back direction (in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel). The front and rear opening ends of the duct 5 are respectively opened in the front and rear direction.

Numeral 6 is a water supply pipe fixed along both sides of the lower part of the water tank 3 on both sides of the underframe 1, and is connected and communicated with a water supply pump 7 installed in the water tank 3. A rotatably supported rotary pipe 8 is connected via a swivel pipe joint 9.

Reference numerals 10 and 10 denote main spray pipes whose base ends are integrally connected and communicated with the rotating pipes 8 and 8, two of which are arranged in parallel on each side so that they can extend outward (in the width direction of the tunnel). Further, tip spray pipes 12, 12 are connected in the extending direction to the tips of these main spray pipes 10, 10 via swivel pipe joints 11, 11, and the main spray pipes 1
It is foldable and rotatable relative to 0. Further, these spray pipes 10, 12 are provided with a plurality of spray nozzles 13, 13, . . . 13, which open upward when expanded and extended outward, at appropriate intervals in the length direction.

14 and 15 are rectangular water receiving plates whose central portions are integrally attached to the lower surfaces of the spray pipes 10 and 12, and whose length is approximately equal to the length of the water tank 3; The proximal edge of the water receiving plate 15 fixed along the lower surface side of the spray pipe 12 at the tip is overlapped with the upper surface of the distal edge of the water receiving plate 14 fixed along the lower surface side of the main spray pipe 10, and , the water receiving plate 15 on the tip side is prevented from being bent downward more than necessary.

Reference numerals 16 and 16 denote water receiving gutters arranged on both sides of the underframe 1 along the lower part of the water supply and rotation pipes 6 and 8, and the base end edge of the water receiving plate 14 faces above the opening end of the gutters. Furthermore, these water receiving gutters 16 are fixed in a slightly downwardly inclined state towards the face side of the tunnel, and their downwardly inclined ends are the openings of the water collecting tank 17 arranged at the lower front end of the underframe 1. It is facing towards the top.

18 is a return pump installed in the water collection tank 17, and the water that has been filtered in the water collection tank 17 is transferred to the pipe 19.
It is introduced into the aquarium 3 through.

Reference numeral 20 denotes hooks attached to the lower surfaces of the water receiving plates 14, 15 at a portion slightly closer to the face side from the center at appropriate intervals in the width direction of the tunnel, and are attached to the windbreak sheets 21, 2.
Windbreak sheet 2
1 and 22 are hung vertically from the lower surfaces of the water receiving plates 14 and 15 to the bottom surface of the tunnel, and these windbreak sheets 21 and 2
2 to close off the tunnel cross-sectional space below the water receiving plate and prevent air movement.

23 is a work platform formed by closing the upper end opening of the water tank 3, and a winch 24 is installed on the work platform, and a cable 25 wound around the winch 24 is placed horizontally between the main spray pipes 10, 10. The spray pipe 10 is connected to the front and rear connections 26 and rotated in the vertical direction. 27 is a safety fence erected around the periphery of the work scaffold 23.

To describe a method for treating dust at a face portion using the tunnel dust treatment apparatus configured as described above, first, the cart 2 is moved and stopped near the face portion of the tunnel a. Next, after operating the winch 24 and lowering the spray pipes 10 and 12 in the folded state as shown on the left side of FIG. 1,
The tip spray pipe 12 is manually turned over so that it extends on the same axis as the main spray pipe 10, and these pipes 10, 12 are gently moved from the outer end (tunnel wall side) to the inner end (underframe side). At the same time as the pipes 10 and 12 are tilted downward, the water receiving plates 14 and 15 attached to the lower surfaces of the pipes 10 and 12 are also unfolded together with the pipes 10 and 12 to be in a similar tilted state. The tip spray pipe 12 is made to be able to stand up at an appropriate angle with respect to the main spray pipe 10, so that it can cope with the size of the tunnel cross section. Next, windbreak sheets 21 and 22 are attached to the lower surfaces of the water receiving plates 14 and 15 to prevent drafts in the lower part of the tunnel.

When the water supply pump 7 is activated after the preparation is completed in this way, the water in the water tank 3 is sent under pressure through the water supply pipe 6 and the rotating pipe 8 to the spray pipes 10 and 12, and is sprayed upward from the nozzle 13 into the tunnel. The water flows onto the wall surface of tunnel a, and a water film 28 is formed within a certain section in the length direction of tunnel a, extending from the pipes 10 and 12 to between the tunnel wall surface.

On the other hand, when the air supply fan 4 is operated, clean air from the mine entrance side is sucked through the rear end opening of the duct 5, passes through the lower part of the water film 28, and flows from the front end opening along the tunnel face. The air flows out to the b side, flows from below to above along the face, then reverses and flows backward within the upper half of the tunnel.

In this state, when concrete is sprayed for lining on the face side, the dust generated by the spraying mixes with the sprayed air in the air flow, causing the water film 28 and the windbreak sheet to form on the face side. 21,
The amount of air in the tunnel face surrounded by the tunnel face 22 increases and passes through the water film 28.

Therefore, the dust contained in the air while passing through the water film 28 is adsorbed by the water droplets of the water film 28, and the water receiving plate 14,
The water flows down onto the water receiving plates 14 and 15 and flows into the water collection tank 17 through the water receiving gutter 16.

In the water collection tank 17, the dust settles and is passed through the furnace, and the purified water is returned to the water tank 3, and the remaining dust settles in the water tank 3 as well.
removed. On the other hand, the air, which has been purified by removing dust while passing through the water film 28, is again supplied to the face side through the duct 5.

In the above embodiment, the entire device was placed on the trolley 2 to be movable, but the device may be placed directly near the face portion without using the trolley 2.

Further, in order to increase the dust removal effect and adsorb harmful gases, it is desirable to add a surfactant or a harmful gas reactant such as dilute ammonium sulfate to the water.

As described above, in the tunnel dust treatment method of the present invention, liquid in a water tank installed near the tunnel face is directed toward the tunnel wall surface from a plurality of nozzles arranged in the width direction of the tunnel. By spraying, a mist-like water film is formed from the lower part of the tunnel cross section to between the tunnel walls, and at the same time, clean air is force-fed from the lower part of the water film toward the face, and the air pressure is used to spray the water on the face side. The air containing dust is made to flow towards the mine entrance through the water film, and as it passes through the water film, the water film adsorbs and removes the dust in the air, and the water film is placed below and onto the water receiving plate. Since the liquid is caused to flow down, flow over the water receiving plate, and return to the water tank, the liquid is sprayed from a plurality of nozzles to the upper wall surface of the tunnel to form a water film that shields the cross section of the tunnel. By simply adjusting the liquid discharge force, even if the size of the tunnel cross-section changes, the tunnel cross-section can be completely shielded by a water film, and in this state, the face can be completely shielded from the rear of the water film. Since clean air is supplied to the side, dust can be reliably mixed into this air flow on the face side and passed through the water film, and as it passes through, the water film can adsorb and remove the dust. The dust can be treated with a relatively simple device by circulating the purified air through the water membrane again and without actively supplying air from the mine entrance.

Furthermore, by adjusting the thickness of the water film and the amount of spray, as well as the amount of clean air blown, it is possible to remove dust regardless of the amount of dust, and it is also possible to remove the water film that has adsorbed dust. The spray water is allowed to flow down to the water receiving plate installed below the water receiving plate, flowed on the water receiving plate, and then returned to the water tank, so that the spray water can be efficiently circulated without installing water supply pipes in the tunnel. Since dust can be treated and treated water does not remain in the tunnel, it is possible to improve the working environment and work efficiency.Furthermore, dust adsorbed by spray water can be separated and removed during circulation. This makes it possible to reuse the spray water as purified water.

Further, according to the present invention, since the spray pipe is provided in the width direction of the tunnel and the spray is ejected toward the tunnel wall surface, blasting gas etc. staying above the tunnel can be reliably removed, and the tunnel wall surface can also be sufficiently cleaned. In addition, a water receiving plate is installed along the bottom of the pipe to circulate spray water into the water tank, ensuring that water droplets that have absorbed dust are reliably circulated and introduced into the water tank via the processing section. In addition, by installing a windbreak sheet vertically on the bottom side of the water receiving plate, it is possible to prevent the dust-mixed air from flowing from the tunnel bottom side to the tunnel entrance side. Work can be carried out with peace of mind without harming one's health, workers can pass through the windproof sheet, and dust disposal does not interfere with other work.

Further, by configuring the spray nozzle in a foldable manner, it is possible to cope with changes in the size of the tunnel cross section, and it is possible to easily start and end the treatment work.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a front view, FIG. 2 is a plan view, and FIG. 3 is a side view.
FIG. 4 is a simplified side view showing the working state. 1...Underframe, 2...Dolly, 3...Aquarium, 5...
Duct, 10, 12... Spray pipe, 13... Nozzle, 14, 15... Water receiving plate, 21, 22... Windproof sheet.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In the vicinity of the tunnel face, liquid in a water tank installed near the face is sprayed toward the tunnel wall surface from a plurality of nozzles arranged in the width direction of the tunnel, thereby reducing the cross section of the tunnel. A mist-like water film is formed between the tunnel walls from the lower part of the tunnel, while clean air is pumped from the lower part of the water film toward the tunnel face, and the air pressure removes dust-laden air from the tunnel face. The water is allowed to flow to the mine entrance side through the water film, and as it passes through the water film, the water film adsorbs and removes dust particles from the air while flowing down onto the water receiving plate disposed below. A method for treating dust in a tunnel, which comprises causing the water to flow over a water plate and then flowing back into the water tank. 2 A water tank and a duct for pumping air toward the face using a fan are arranged on the underframe, and pipes each having a plurality of upward spray nozzles are arranged on both sides of the lower end of the water tank in the width direction of the tunnel. A water receiving plate is disposed along the lower part of the pipe to cause the water in the water tank to be jetted out from a nozzle toward the tunnel wall surface, and to flow the sprayed water back into the water tank along the lower part of the pipe, and further,
A dust treatment device for a tunnel, characterized in that a windproof sheet is provided vertically on the lower surface of the water receiving plate.