JPH0358944B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a vehicle having a rotating mounting body, that is, a construction vehicle such as an aerial work vehicle, a box hoe, or a crane, in which the mounting body is not aligned with the traveling direction of the vehicle body. The purpose is to reverse the driving function when facing in the opposite direction.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, high-altitude work vehicles, crane vehicles, backhauls, etc. have been equipped with tires or crawlers on the vehicle body to make them movable, and construction vehicles have a mounting body mounted on the vehicle body that can freely rotate 360 degrees relative to the vehicle body. was often used. This has been devised to allow various functions installed on the mounting body at the work site, such as a telescopic boom, crane, and excavation mechanism, to be directed to any position and fully utilized. It is. However, in a conventional vehicle with a rotating mounting body,
The direction of movement of the car body (usually called the front side) is fixed by the function of the car body, and the function of the car body to move remains the same no matter which direction the mounted objects on the car body are facing. It was hot. However, depending on the work, it may be necessary to move the vehicle back and forth while the front direction of the vehicle body and the front direction of the loaded body remain in opposite directions, or to operate by switching the direction of movement of the vehicle body. There were many cases where this was necessary. However, in this case, the control means in the driver's seat on the vehicle only functions in the same state as when the vehicle body is reversed and facing forward; Maneuvering in the left and right direction was a function completely opposite to the state in which the payload was facing forward. For this reason, in the past, workers had to operate the control mechanism in the opposite direction based on their experience, keeping in mind that the mounted body was facing backwards from the vehicle body. It required a lot of intuition and ability. For this reason, beginners often perform normal maneuvers with the mounted object facing in the opposite direction to the vehicle body, and when they intended to go backwards, they turned forward and the vehicle When moving the vehicle forward, the vehicle body moves in the opposite direction to the direction in which the vehicle is facing, or even when attempting to steer to the right, the vehicle body often turns to the left, which can lead to accidents in narrow spaces. In some cases, this could even lead to the death of the worker sitting in the driver's seat.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

In the present invention, a control means is provided on a mounted body that can freely rotate 360 degrees with respect to the vehicle body, and whether the mounted body is facing forward or backward with respect to the vehicle body, the control means remains in the direction of the mounted body. Therefore, it is possible to have the same conversion function.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention comprises a movable vehicle body, a vehicle body having a driver's seat placed on the vehicle body and capable of rotating 360 degrees with respect to the vehicle body, and a control means provided on the vehicle body and capable of controlling the moving direction of the vehicle body. In a vehicle having a vehicle, there is a detection means for detecting the position of the mounted object with respect to the vehicle body, and a detection signal from the detector indicates that the mounted object is facing in the opposite direction to the traveling direction of the vehicle body. The present invention provides a control mechanism for a vehicle having a rotatable mounting body, characterized in that it is equipped with a reversing means for reversing the control function of the means.

[Effect]

In the present invention, when the mounted body faces forward with respect to the vehicle body, the control mechanism is configured to perform normal control as is, and when the mounted body faces rearward with respect to the vehicle body, the control mechanism controls the method. The system is reversed so that even if the vehicle body is facing backwards, it still has the same function as steering forwards. Therefore, regardless of whether the mounted object is facing forward or backward relative to the vehicle body, the control means in the driver's seat can be used to move forward, backward, or change direction as if the mounted object was always facing forward. This allows for safe operation without relying on a craftsman's intuition.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows the entirety of this embodiment, and this embodiment is explained using a boom type aerial work vehicle as an example.

In the figure, 1 is a vehicle body, and front wheels 2 are pivotally supported on both front sides of the vehicle body 1, and these front wheels 2 are connected by connecting rods, and hydraulic cylinders 3
The structure is such that its direction is controlled by the Further, rear wheels 4 driven by a hydraulic motor or the like are pivotally supported on both rear sides of the vehicle body 1. A swivel base 5 containing built-in ball bearings and the like is placed on the upper center surface of the vehicle body 1, and a mounting body 6 housing an engine, a hydraulic system, etc. is mounted on this swivel base 5.
It is mounted so that it can rotate 360 degrees. And car body 1
A pair of triangular shaft support pieces 7 are located on the slightly rear upper surface of the
A lower boom 8 having a hollow interior and an elongated rectangular cross section is connected to the apex of the shaft support piece 7 by a pin 9 so as to be swingable in the vertical direction. A middle boom 10 with a hollow interior and an elongated square cross section is telescopically inserted into the lower boom 8, and an upper boom 11 with a hollow interior and a rectangular cross section is telescopically inserted into the middle beam 10. The lengths of these booms 8, 10, and 11 can be expanded and contracted by hydraulic cylinders (not shown) provided inside. This boom 8,1
0 and 11 form a boom body 12.
Further, a worker rides on the tip of the upper boom 11, and a bucket 13, which has a control function to control all functions of the vehicle body 1 and the mounted body 6, is connected and held by a pin 14. A correction hydraulic cylinder 15 is interposed between the bucket cart 13 and the bucket cart 13 to keep the bucket cart horizontal at all times and correct its posture. A full hydraulic system and a control device 16 as a control means for controlling the boom-type aerial work vehicle are installed in front of the bucket bucket 13. Further, a hydraulic cylinder 17 for suppressing depression is interposed between the mounting body 6 and the lower boom 8, and the lower boom 8 and the hydraulic cylinder 17 are connected by a pin 18.

Next, FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the structure of the vehicle body 1, in which the mounted body 6 is shown by broken lines. The front wheel 2 is pivotally supported by a Naril arm 19 bent into an L shape, and the center of the Naril arm 19 is pivotally supported by a pin 20 so that it can rotate in the horizontal direction of the vehicle body 1. Both Naril arms 19
The two are connected by a rod 21. The rod 21 and the cylinder rod of the hydraulic cylinder 3 are connected by a bar 22, forming a link mechanism for operation. Further, a hydraulic motor 23 is fixed to the rear part of the vehicle body 1, and the rotational force of the output of the hydraulic motor 23 is transmitted to the rear wheels 4 on both sides via a differential mechanism 24. An arc-shaped cam 25 with a slightly larger outer diameter is fixed to the outer periphery of the swivel base 5 and to the rear of the vehicle body 1 (on the right side in FIG. 2).
A limit switch 26 as a detection means is fixed to the lower surface of the mounting body 6 at a position on the front side of the mounting body 6 (that is, the side from which the boom body 12 protrudes) close to the outer periphery of the swivel base 5. There is,
The limit switch 26 does not contact the swivel base 5 when the mounted body 6 faces forward with respect to the vehicle body 1, but contacts the outer periphery of the cam 25 when the mounted body 6 faces backward with respect to the vehicle body 1. It is located.

Next, FIG. 3 shows the control device 16, and the top surface of the control device 16 is slightly inclined, and grooves 27 and 46 in the front and back directions and a groove 28 in the left and right directions are opened through the top surface. This groove 27 has a control device 16
A forward/reverse lever 29 protrudes from the inside for controlling forward and reverse movement, and from the groove 28 is a directional lever 3 for controlling the direction in which the vehicle body 1 moves.
0 is projected, and the lower boom 8 is lower than the groove 46.
A depression lever 47 is protruded to move the lever up and down. A key 31, an emergency stop button 32, a vehicle body 1 and a boom body 1 are provided on the front side of the control device 16.
A changeover switch 33 is provided for switching between the two controls. In this embodiment, the forward and backward movement lever 29 and the direction lever 30 can be used to switch and operate the control function for moving the vehicle body 1 forward and backward and changing direction, and the control function for lifting and extending and retracting the boom body 12. Both functions are switched by a changeover switch 33, and either one of the control functions can be selected and operated using the forward/backward movement lever 29 and the direction lever 30. In this embodiment, the boom control function is selected. The explanation for this is omitted. This is because boom control functions are well known.

Next, FIG. 4 shows the hydraulic system in this embodiment, in which a hydraulic pump driven by an engine 35 communicates its suction side with an oil tank 37, and the discharge side of a hydraulic pump 36. Each side is supplied with switching valves 38, 39 as operating means and other hydraulic mechanisms, and return oil is communicated with an oil tank 37, respectively. A solenoid valve 40 that can be switched to three positions is connected to the switching valve 38, and the hydraulic motor 23 is connected to the solenoid valve 40. Further, a solenoid valve 41 that can be switched to three positions is connected to the switching valve 39.
1 is connected to the correction hydraulic cylinder 15. Next, the output of the limit switch 26 is input to a switching circuit 42, and control signals of this switching circuit 42 are connected to electromagnetic coils of switching valves 38 and 39, respectively. In addition, the forward/reverse lever 2
The control signal 9 is transmitted to the control circuit 43,
The control signal of this control circuit 43 is transmitted to the solenoid valve 40.
is connected to the electromagnetic coil. The output signal of the directional lever 30 is connected to a control circuit 44, and the control signal of the control circuit 44 is connected to the solenoid valve 41.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained.

The boom-type aerial work vehicle starts its operation by activating the engine 35 in the mounting body 6 and causing the hydraulic pump 36 to follow the engine 35 to generate hydraulic pressure. And Bucket 13
By operating a control device 16 located inside the vehicle body 1, the vehicle body 1 moves freely, and the boom body 12 performs operations of depression, extension and contraction. That is, when a worker gets on board the bucket 13, switches the changeover switch 33 to the boom side, and tilts the forward/backward lever 29 forward and backward, the boom body 12 expands and contracts its length in the direction D, reaching its full length. By tilting the direction lever 30 to the right or left, the mounting body 6 can be moved to the swivel base 5.
Accordingly, it is possible to rotate left and right in direction B with respect to the vehicle body. In addition, by tilting the depression lever 47, hydraulic pressure is applied to the hydraulic cylinder 17, and the lower boom 8 can be depressed up and down in the C direction, and the bucket 13 is always kept vertical by the correction hydraulic cylinder 15. It is corrected and swung in the E direction as shown in FIG. By these actions, the bucket 13 is lifted to the required height position and rotated 360 degrees horizontally.
Can be rotated freely.

Next, the hydraulic circuit is switched by switching the changeover switch 33 to the vehicle body side, and the forward/reverse lever 29
By tilting forward or backward, hydraulic pressure is supplied to the hydraulic motor 23, the rear wheels 4 are driven via the differential mechanism 24, and the vehicle body 1 is moved forward or backward in the A direction. In this state, by switching the direction lever 30 to the left or right,
When hydraulic pressure is supplied to the hydraulic cylinder 3 and the cylinder rod slides, the narill arms 19 on both sides are rotated by the pin 20 via the bar 22 and the rod 21, and the front wheel 2 is steered left or right in the F direction. Ru. Therefore, the vehicle body 1 can be switched in the direction desired by the operator carrying the vehicle. These operations are functions of conventional boom-type aerial work vehicles.

Next, referring to FIG. 5, we will explain the operation when the mounting body 6 is in the forward direction with respect to the vehicle body 1, that is, the front wheels 2 of the vehicle body 1 and the bucket belt 13 are in the same direction. is cam 2
5, and the switching valves 38 and 39 communicate in the forward direction. In this state, when the forward/reverse lever 29 is tilted toward the forward I side, a signal transmitted from the control circuit 43 switches the solenoid valve 40 in the forward direction, rotates the hydraulic motor 23 in the forward direction, and drives the rear wheels 4. The vehicle body 1 is moved in the i direction in the figure. That is, the vehicle body 1 moves forward. When the directional lever 30 is tilted in the J direction in this state, the signal from the control circuit 44 switches the solenoid valve 41 in the positive direction, and the hydraulic cylinder 3 is actuated, causing the front wheel 2 to swing in the J direction in the figure. The vehicle body 1 is steered to the left with respect to the direction of travel. Therefore, the worker riding on the bucket 13 can steer the vehicle body 1 in the direction in which the directional lever 30 is pushed down, and the driving sensation corresponds to the direction of the levers 29 and 30.

Next, the control for turning the mounting body 6 by 180 degrees with respect to the vehicle body 1 so that the front of the bucket 13 faces toward the rear of the vehicle body 1 will be explained with reference to FIG. In this state, the limit switch 26 fixed to the lower surface of the mounting body 6 is in contact with the cam 25, and the limit switch 26 operates the switching circuit 42, and the switching valve 3
8 and 39 will be exchanged in opposite directions. When the forward/reverse lever 29 is pushed down in the K direction in the figure in this state, a signal from the control circuit 43 is transmitted to the solenoid valve 40 and the solenoid valve is switched in the forward direction. However, since the switching valve 38 is switched in the opposite direction, the supplied hydraulic pressure is reversed and transmitted to the hydraulic motor 23, the rear wheels 4 are rotated in the opposite direction, and the vehicle body 1 is moved in the k direction in the figure. 1 itself will move backwards. However, Bucket 1
From the perspective of the worker on board 3, the payload 6 has moved forward. When the directional lever 30 is tilted in the L direction in this state, the control circuit 44 switches the solenoid valve 41 in the forward direction, but the switching valve 39 switches it in the reverse direction. Because of this, the hydraulic pressure is supplied in the opposite direction, and the hydraulic cylinder 3 slides in the opposite direction in the state shown in FIG. 5, and swings in one direction in FIG. As a result, the vehicle body 1 is oriented to the left in the reverse direction in the reverse state, and the vehicle body 1 can move in the direction in which the direction lever 30 is pushed down. This means that
In other words, regardless of whether the vehicle body 1 is facing forward or backward, the vehicle body 1 will only follow the direction switched by the control device 16 of the bucket on which the worker is riding, and the vehicle body 1 will be driven only in the direction switched by the control device 16 of the bucket on which the worker is riding. This allows control in the same direction as the levers 29 and 30 of the control device 16 without any additional operations.

The range of switching between normal rotation and reverse rotation in this control device 16 is shown in FIG. 2. On the right side of the area indicated by the dashed line X in FIG. 2, each control mechanism of the control device 16 is the same as the conventional one. The vehicle body 1 can be moved forward, backward, or turned right or left by performing these actions. When the mounted body 6 is facing the area to the left of the diagonal line X, the position is detected by the limit switch 26,
The entire control system by the control device 16 can be reversed.

In this embodiment, a tire-type vehicle is used to move the vehicle body 1, but the vehicle body is not limited to this embodiment, and the vehicle body may be moved by a crawler. Also, the same effect can be obtained even if the vehicle body 1 can be moved by a plurality of tires arranged on one side, such as three or four wheels. Also,
In this embodiment, the mechanism mounted on the vehicle body 1 is a boom type aerial work vehicle that moves the bucket 13 up and down using hydraulic pressure. However, the mechanism mounted on the vehicle body 1 is not limited to this embodiment. On the other hand, it goes without saying that this method can be applied to any type of mounting body 6 that can freely rotate 360 degrees in the horizontal direction.

〔effect〕

Since the present invention is configured as described above, no matter which direction the mounted body that can turn with respect to the vehicle body is facing, the vehicle can be operated with the same feeling as if the vehicle body was facing forward. There is no need to rely on the intuition or experience of workers, and the control points are automatically switched, so there is no need to judge which direction the mounted object is in relation to the vehicle body, reducing the occurrence of accidents and breakdowns. It is something that can be done.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing an example in which an embodiment of the present invention is applied to a boom type aerial work vehicle, Fig. 2 is a plan view for explaining the same vehicle body in detail, and Fig. 3 is a control device. FIG. 4 is a piping diagram showing a part of the hydraulic system in this embodiment; FIG. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a control method when the mounted body faces rearward with respect to the same vehicle body. 1...Vehicle body, 2...Front wheel, 4...Rear wheel, 6...
Loading body, 13...Bucket, 16...Control device as a control means, 25...Cam, 26...Limit switch as a detection means, 29...Forward and backward movement lever, 30...Direction lever, 38, 39... A switching valve as a reversing means.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a vehicle that has a movable vehicle body, a mounted body having a driver's seat placed on the vehicle body and capable of rotating 360 degrees relative to the vehicle body, and a control means provided on the mounted body that can control the direction of movement of the vehicle body. , a detection means for detecting the position of the mounted body with respect to the vehicle body, and a control means for operating the control means when the mounted body is facing in a direction opposite to the traveling direction of the vehicle body according to a detection signal from the detection means. What is claimed is: 1. A control mechanism for a vehicle having a rotating mounting body, characterized by comprising a reversing means for reversing a function.