JPH0360948B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a method for treating polyester fibers, and more specifically to polyester fibers,
In particular, it relates to a treatment method for preventing pilling of modified polyester fibers. Polyester fibers have excellent physical properties that natural fibers such as cellulose fibers and wool do not have, such as excellent dimensional stability, wrinkle resistance, strength and elongation, and are therefore widely used for clothing, industrial materials, etc. However, due to its high strength and elongation, pilling tends to occur especially when short fibers are used for clothing.
It has a defect that significantly impairs the appearance quality and feel. Conventionally, various proposals have been made for preventing pilling of polyester fibers. Pilling prevention methods can be broadly divided into methods that treat fabrics with synthetic polymers to prevent single fibers from being pulled out of tissues;
A method is known in which the fiber strength is lowered during the fiber manufacturing stage or post-processing so that even if pilling occurs, it will fall off immediately like natural fibers. However, the former method not only suffers from structural limitations and changes in texture due to the addition of synthetic polymers, but also has insufficient durability, making it impractical. Therefore, the latter method has mainly been proposed. However, if the degree of polymerization is lowered and the strength is lowered at the fiber manufacturing stage, there will be problems in quality and operation due to frequent yarn breakage during spinning, and productivity will be reduced due to the inability to increase the spindle rotation speed due to decreased spinnability during spinning. There is a limit to the reduction in the degree of polymerization because of the drawbacks such as reduction in the degree of polymerization, and it is impossible to obtain satisfactory pilling prevention. On the other hand, as a method for preventing pilling by reducing the degree of polymerization during post-processing, for example,
Many methods using amines and acids have been proposed, such as that disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. However, the reality is that none of them have been put into practical use due to lack of efficacy or drawbacks arising from the drugs used. Especially in the case of amines that have a strong anti-pilling effect,
Usually, a large amount of amine is required to obtain the desired anti-pilling effect, which not only causes problems such as odor and discoloration, but also has drawbacks such as poor reproducibility of the effect. The present inventors have arrived at the method of the present invention as a result of intensive research in order to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks and obtain a good pilling prevention effect without any reduction in productivity during fiber production and spinning processes. That is, the present invention is characterized in that polyester fibers or textile products are treated with an aqueous liquid containing a barium salt and an alkaline compound. Conventionally, a method of immersing polyester fibers at 80°C or higher in an aqueous solution containing a metal salt of Groups 1 to 3 of the periodic table and an alkaline compound of 1/5 or less of the weight of the metal salt was also disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 49-4039. The purpose of this is to reduce the degree of hydrolysis of polyester, and as in the present invention, in order to give polyester fiber an excellent anti-pilling effect, it is necessary to increase the strength of polyester fiber. This is completely different from the purpose of promoting a decrease in elongation. In fact, it is impossible to achieve the object of the present invention even if many of the metal salts specifically disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 49-4039 are used in combination with an alkaline compound, and the invention is limited to the barium salt of the present invention. Only then can the effects of the present invention be achieved. The processing method of the present invention will be explained in detail below. The polyester fiber is a fiber obtained from an alkylene terephthalate polyester, and more preferably a fiber obtained from a polyalkylene terephthalate polyester containing a polyoxyalkylene bond. Since 80 mol% or more of the repeating units of the alkylene terephthalate polyester consist of alkylene terephthalate, the alkylene terephthalate polyester is particularly suitable for combinations of terephthalic acid or its ester-forming derivatives, ethylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,4-
The main target is polyalkylene terephthalate produced from one or more glycols selected from cyclohexanedimethanol.
For example, malonic acid, up to 20 mol% of the acid component
Aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as maleic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid or their ester-forming derivatives, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, 5-(alkali metal) sulfoisophthalic acid, 2 , 6-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid, 1,2-bis(phenoxy)
Aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as ethane P,P'-dicarboxylic acid or ester-forming derivatives thereof can be used as copolymerization components. Further, an oxycarboxylic acid such as p-(2-hydroxyethoxy)benzoic acid or an ester-forming derivative thereof or an ester-forming derivative thereof can be used as a copolymerization component in an amount of 20 mol% or less of the acid component. Glycol components include the above glycols and 20 mol% or less of propylene glycol, neobentyl glycol, 1,10-decamethylene glycol, 4,4'-bis(β-hydroxyethoxy)benzene, and 2,6-naphthalenediol. , polyoxyalkylene glycol, etc. can be used as a copolymerization component. Examples of polyesters that more significantly exhibit the effects of the present invention include alkylene terephthalate polyesters copolymerized with polyoxyalkylene glycol and/or polyalkylene terephthalate polyesters blended with polyoxyalkylene glycol compounds. Examples of polyoxyalkylene glycols used as copolymerization components and/or blending components include polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, random or block copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, polytetramethylene glycol, and polytetramethylene glycol in which ethylene oxide is added. Block copolymers obtained by addition, monophenoxypolyethylene glycol, diphenoxypolyethylene glycol, sodium sulfophenoxypolyethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol phosphate, vinyl polymers having multiple branched alkoxypolyoxyethylene chains Molecules, block copolymers of polyethylene glycol and polyethylene terephthalate, block copolymers of polytetramethylene glycol and polyethylene terephthalate or polybutylene terephthalate, block copolymers of polyethylene glycol and poly-ε-capramide, general formula ( ) are exemplified. In the glycol of the general formula () HO (-CiH ₂ iO) - _n R-O (-CjH ₂ jO) - _o H (), R is a divalent hydrocarbon group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms, and m and n are 1≦m+n≦15, and i and j are integers of 2 to 4, which are the same or different integers.
Specific examples of R include, for example, a linear aliphatic hydrocarbon group such as ( _-CH2 ) _-6 ,

Aliphatic with a side chain like [formula] hydrocarbon group,

Hydrocarbons with an aliphatic ring such as [Formula] base,

Examples include aromatic hydrocarbon groups such as [Formula]. The molecular weight of these polyoxyalkylene type glycol derivatives can be arbitrarily selected depending on the form contained in the polyester, but when used as a copolymerization component, those with a molecular weight of 6000 or less can be used as non-reactive components. When it is in a dispersed state, the molecular weight is preferably 5,000 or more and several million or less. When these glycols are used as copolymerization components, the terminal group must be a hydroxyl group or a substituent capable of forming an ester bond. Polyester fibers include not only fibers but also textile products such as threads, fabrics, tapes,
It also includes raised products, rugs, sewn products, etc.
It also includes products in which the polyester fibers are mixed with other synthetic fibers such as polyester fibers, polyamide fibers, polyacrylonitrile fibers, and polyurethane fibers, and recycled or natural fibers such as regenerated cellulose fibers, cellulose fibers, and wool. do. The form of blending may be arbitrary, such as blended spinning, blended fibers, composite, mixed knitting and weaving, and multilayer structure. Examples of barium salts include water-soluble inorganic acid salts such as hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, and phosphoric acid, and water-soluble organic acid salts such as acetic acid, formic acid, and oxalic acid. These may be used alone or in combination. Examples of the alkaline compound include alkali metal hydroxides, alkali metal carbonates, alkali metal silicates, ammonia, and quaternary ammonium hydroxides, with caustic potash and caustic soda being preferably used. The amount of barium salt to be used is usually 0.1 to 100 g/appropriate, and is appropriately determined depending on the target physical properties and the type of polyester used. However, in order to avoid excessive weight loss and provide anti-pilling properties, the amount is preferably 0.1 to 50 g/, and particularly preferably 0.1 to 20 g/in the case of modified polyester fibers. The amount of alkaline compound used also varies depending on the target physical properties, type of polyester, amount of barium salt used, processing conditions, etc., but usually the pH of the processing solution is 10.
It is appropriate to give more than 100g/
Preferably it is 0.2-70g/. In the case of modified polyester fibers, the amount is particularly preferably 20 g/or less. Further, it is particularly preferable to use an alkaline compound with an amount of 1/5 or less of the barium salt. Treatment methods include an immersion method in which the material is immersed in a treatment solution and heated, a steaming method in which the treatment solution is applied and then steamed, and a pad roll method or a batch method in which the treatment solution is applied and then aged. preferable. The bath ratio in the immersion method is 1:1~
The ratio is generally about 1:20, preferably 1:5 to 1:100, and the treatment is usually carried out at 50 to 150°C, preferably 80 to boiling temperature, for 5 to 400 minutes, preferably 20 to 120 minutes. Of course, various treatments such as antifouling agents (water and oil repellents, antistatic sweat absorbing agents, etc.), metal oxide fine particles, etc. can be combined after, before, or during the treatment of the present invention. When the method of the present invention is used, compared to known alkali treatments, at the same weight loss rate, the strength and elongation are significantly reduced, and the weight loss is large in a short period of time, which clearly differs from the known alkali treatments. , imparts excellent anti-pilling properties to polyester fiber products. The present invention will be described below with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited to the Examples. Note that the percentages in the examples are based on weight. Example 1 Polyester staple fiber obtained by spinning, drawing, and heat setting polyethylene terephthalate (PET) with an intrinsic viscosity (phenol/tetrachloroethane (60/40 weight ratio) measured at 30°C) of 0.63.
30 ^'s jersey knitted fabric was knitted. This knitted fabric was scoured by a conventional method, dried, and then treated with the following treatment solution at a bath ratio of 1:100 in a boiling state for 60 minutes. The weight loss rate of this sample was 19.3%. In addition, for comparison, a conventional method was used in which the weight loss rate was 19.8% using only caustic soda. (Treatment liquid) Barium chloride 10.7g/Caustic soda 50g/Also, the same treatment was carried out using aluminum chloride instead of barium chloride (Comparative Example 1). Dry breaking strength (DT) of the obtained knitted fabric product
Table 1 shows the results of measuring the elongation at break (DE) and anti-pilling properties using an ICI pilling tester (the larger the value, the better the anti-pilling properties).

[Table] By the method of the present invention, a knitted fabric with good pill resistance was obtained. Example 2 30% of ethylene terephthalate-based modified polyester staple fiber obtained by spinning, stretching, and heat setting a modified polyester in which polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 20,000 was melt-blended with polyethylene terephthalate at a concentration of 4% based on the product. ′ ^S jersey knitted fabric was knitted. After scouring and drying this knitted fabric using a conventional method, the following treatment solution is applied to
The treatment was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1. (Treatment liquid) Barium chloride 2.0g/ Caustic soda 4.5g/ Calcium chloride,
The same treatment as in the examples was carried out using magnesium chloride and aluminum chloride (Comparative Examples 2 to 4). The obtained knitted fabric was measured in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[Table] As a result, the desired reduction in strength and elongation and pill resistance could not be obtained with metal salts other than barium salts. Example 3 As a result of the same treatment as in Example 2 except that barium chloride was replaced with barium nitrate or barium acetate, excellent anti-pilling properties were obtained with pilling properties of grade 4 to 5.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A method for treating polyester fibers, which comprises treating polyester fibers or textile products with an aqueous liquid containing a barium salt and an alkaline compound. 2. The method for treating polyester fibers according to claim 1, wherein the polyester fibers are fibers made of polyester containing polyoxyalkylene bonds.