JPH0369049B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0369049B2 JPH0369049B2 JP59190422A JP19042284A JPH0369049B2 JP H0369049 B2 JPH0369049 B2 JP H0369049B2 JP 59190422 A JP59190422 A JP 59190422A JP 19042284 A JP19042284 A JP 19042284A JP H0369049 B2 JPH0369049 B2 JP H0369049B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- anchor
- ship
- chain
- dragging
- anchor chain
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/22—Handling or lashing of anchors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B2021/003—Mooring or anchoring equipment, not otherwise provided for
- B63B2021/009—Drift monitors
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Indicating Or Recording The Presence, Absence, Or Direction Of Movement (AREA)
- Navigation (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
(産業上の利用分野)
本発明は錨泊中の船舶が走錨しているか否かを
検知する走錨検知装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an anchor-dragging detection device that detects whether or not a ship at anchor is dragging its anchor.
(従来技術)
錨泊中の船舶をその所定の錨泊位置に保持する
ことは重要であり、本来錨が海底に正常な把駐状
態で噛込んでおれば、船の位置は錨鎖長と外力と
により一義的に決定される。こうした状態では、
予め投錨位置を、他船あるいは障害物との位置関
係を考慮して決定することで他船あるいは障害物
との衝突は回避することができる。(Prior art) It is important to maintain an anchored ship at its predetermined anchorage position. Originally, if the anchor was stuck in the seabed in a normal state, the position of the ship would depend on the length of the anchor chain and external forces. Uniquely determined. In these conditions,
Collisions with other ships or obstacles can be avoided by determining the anchoring position in advance in consideration of the positional relationship with other ships or obstacles.
しかし、船に作用する外力が錨及び錨鎖から決
まる把駐力を上回ると錨が海底の土中を移動する
いわゆる走錨が起る。走錨が始まると船が受ける
外力が急激に減少することがないためその状態が
継続され、衝突などの重大事故につながる。 However, when the external force acting on the ship exceeds the holding force determined by the anchor and anchor chain, the anchor moves through the soil on the seabed, which is called anchor dragging. Once the anchor begins to drag, the external force applied to the ship does not decrease rapidly, so this state continues, leading to serious accidents such as collisions.
このため走錨が始まると速やかに対策、例え
ば、錨鎖をさらに繰出し把駐力を高める、主機を
駆動して推進器を作動させる、などの対策を講ず
ることが不可欠である。 For this reason, it is essential to take countermeasures as soon as anchor dragging begins, such as increasing the anchoring force by further extending the anchor chain, or driving the main engine to operate the propulsion device.
従来、一般的な走錨検知技術としては、地上の
固定物を見透かしながら船首方向の変化を観察
し、それが一定方向のまま船が移動する場合には
走錨状態であると判断する技術、対地船位を従来
からの船位測定方法により測定して走錨を検知す
る技術、などが採用されている。 Conventionally, general anchor dragging detection technology involves observing changes in the ship's bow direction while looking through fixed objects on the ground, and determining that the ship is dragging anchor if the ship continues to move in the same direction. Technologies such as measuring the ship's position relative to the ground using conventional ship position measurement methods and detecting anchor dragging have been adopted.
(発明が解決しようとする問題点)
上記走錨検知技術では、乗組員の経験に依る所
が多く、自動化することが難しく、また乗組員の
船位測定などに依るため走錨の早期検知が難し
く、例えば1〜2Kmも走錨しないと検知されない
ことも珍しくない。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The above-mentioned anchor dragging detection technology relies on the experience of the crew, making it difficult to automate, and it is difficult to detect anchor dragging early because it relies on the crew's ship position measurements. It is not uncommon for a ship to not be detected until the anchor has been dragged, for example, 1 to 2 km.
このように、従来の走錨検知技術は、種々の欠
点を有し、自動化を前提とした走錨検知技術とし
て適用できないものである。 As described above, the conventional anchor dragging detection technology has various drawbacks and cannot be applied as an anchor dragging detection technology assuming automation.
(問題点を解決するための手段)
本発明に係る走錨検知装置は、ウインドラスか
ら繰出される錨鎖をカウントするチエーンカウン
タと、錨鎖の張力を検出する錨鎖張力検出器と、
自船の吃水を検出する吃水計と、自船の対地船速
を検出する船速計と、ジヤイロコンパスと、少な
くとも水深と錨鎖単位重量のデータを設定する為
のデータ設定器と、上記チエーンカウンタと錨鎖
張力検出器と吃水計と船速計とジヤイロコンパス
とデータ設定器からの出力を受け、チエーンカウ
ンタの出力に基いて繰出し錨鎖長を求め、少なく
とも錨鎖張力と錨鎖単位重量と水深と繰出し錨鎖
長に基いて自船から錨に至る水平距離を求め、自
船の船速若しくは加速度を投錨から現在に亙つて
積分することにより投錨位置から現在の自船位置
に至る水平距離を求め、上記求めた2つの水平距
離を比較することにより走錨状態を検出する走錨
演算装置と、上記走錨状態が検出されたときに走
錨演算装置からの出力を受けて走錨に関連するデ
ータを表示する表示器と、を備えたことを特徴と
するものである。(Means for Solving the Problems) A dragging anchor detection device according to the present invention includes: a chain counter that counts the anchor chain paid out from the windlass; an anchor chain tension detector that detects the tension of the anchor chain;
A stagnation meter for detecting the swamp of one's own ship, a speedometer for detecting one's own ship's speed relative to the ground, a gyroscope compass, a data setting device for setting at least data on water depth and anchor chain unit weight, and the above-mentioned chain. Receive the outputs from the counter, anchor chain tension detector, water gauge, speedometer, gyro compass, and data setter, calculate the length of the anchor chain to be let out based on the output of the chain counter, and calculate at least the anchor chain tension, anchor chain unit weight, and water depth. Determine the horizontal distance from your own ship to the anchor based on the length of the anchor chain being paid out, and calculate the horizontal distance from the anchor position to the current own ship position by integrating the ship's speed or acceleration from the anchor to the present. An anchor dragging calculation device that detects the anchor dragging condition by comparing the two horizontal distances obtained above, and data related to anchor dragging that is received from the anchor dragging calculation device when the anchor dragging condition is detected. The present invention is characterized by comprising a display that displays the following.
(作用)
本発明の走錨検知装置においては、ウインドラ
スから繰出される錨鎖をカウントするチエーンカ
ウンタと、錨鎖の張力を検出する錨鎖張力検出器
と、自船の吃水を検出する吃水計と、自船の対地
船速を検出する船速計と、ジヤイロコンパスと、
少なくとも水深と錨鎖単位重量のデータを設定す
る為のデータ設定器と、これらの検出ないし設定
用の機器からの出力を受けて走錨状態を検知する
走錨演算装置が設けられている。(Function) The anchor dragging detection device of the present invention includes a chain counter that counts the anchor chain paid out from the windlass, an anchor chain tension detector that detects the tension of the anchor chain, and a swamp meter that detects swamping of own ship. A ship speedometer that detects the ship's speed relative to the ground, a gyroscope compass,
At least a data setter for setting data on water depth and anchor chain unit weight, and an anchor dragging calculation device for detecting the anchor dragging state by receiving outputs from these detection or setting devices are provided.
上記走錨演算装置は、チエーンカウンタの出力
に基いて繰出し錨鎖長を求め、少なくとも錨鎖張
力と錨鎖単位重量と水深とに基いて錨鎖理論式を
用いて錨鎖カテナリを求め、この錨鎖カテナリと
繰出し錨鎖長に基いて自船から錨に至る水平距離
を求めるとともに、自船の船速若しくは加速度を
投錨から現在に亙つて積分することにより投錨位
置から現在の自船位置に至る水平距離を求め、上
記求めた2つの水平距離を比較することにより走
錨状態を検知する。 The anchor dragging calculation device calculates the length of the anchor chain based on the output of the chain counter, calculates the anchor chain catenary using an anchor chain theoretical formula based on at least the anchor chain tension, the unit weight of the anchor chain, and the water depth, and calculates the anchor chain catenary using the anchor chain theory formula based on the anchor chain tension, anchor chain unit weight, and water depth. Determine the horizontal distance from your own ship to the anchor based on the length, and calculate the horizontal distance from the anchor position to the current own ship position by integrating the speed or acceleration of your own ship from the anchor to the present. An anchor dragging condition is detected by comparing the two determined horizontal distances.
即ち、走錨状態になると、投錨位置から現在の
自船位置に至る水平距離が自船から錨に至る水平
距離よりも大きくなるので、両水平距離を比較す
ることにより走錨状態を検知することができる。 In other words, when the anchor is dragged, the horizontal distance from the anchor position to the current own ship position becomes greater than the horizontal distance from the own ship to the anchor, so the anchor dragging state can be detected by comparing both horizontal distances. I can do it.
上記走錨演算装置により走錨状態が検知される
と表示器が走錨演算装置から走錨に関連するデー
タを受けてそれらのデータを表示する。 When the anchor dragging state is detected by the anchor dragging calculation device, the display device receives data related to anchor dragging from the anchor dragging calculation device and displays the data.
(実施例)
以下、本発明の実施例に係る走錨検知装置につ
いて図面に基いて説明する。(Example) Hereinafter, a dragging anchor detection device according to an example of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.
先ず、第1図に示すように、船体Sの前部甲板
上には左右1対のウインドラス1が設けられ、各
ウインドラス1から繰出される錨鎖2はホースパ
イプ3内を通つて、各船側に臨み、各錨鎖2の先
端には錨4が連結されている。 First, as shown in FIG. 1, a pair of left and right windlass 1 is provided on the front deck of the hull S, and an anchor chain 2 fed out from each windlass 1 passes through a hose pipe 3 and connects each Facing the ship's side, an anchor 4 is connected to the tip of each anchor chain 2.
更に、繰出し錨鎖長を検出するためのチエーン
カウンタ5及び錨鎖張力を検出する錨鎖張力検出
器6がウインドラス1から繰出した錨鎖2に連係
させて配設されている。他方、船体Sの前後部の
左右両側には4組の吃水計7が設けられ、また錨
泊するような浅海域で対地絶対船速を計測するド
ツプラーソナー船速計8が船底部に設けられてい
る。 Furthermore, a chain counter 5 for detecting the length of the anchor chain being paid out and an anchor chain tension detector 6 for detecting the tension of the anchor chain are arranged in conjunction with the anchor chain 2 paid out from the windlass 1. On the other hand, four sets of water gauges 7 are installed on both left and right sides of the front and rear parts of the hull S, and a Doppler sonar speed meter 8 is installed at the bottom of the ship to measure the absolute ship speed relative to the ground in shallow waters such as when anchored. .
ここで、第2図のブロツク図に示すように、走
錨検知装置は、ウインドラス1の制御系からの信
号を受けて投錨信号を出力する投錨信号発信器9
と、チエーンカウンタ5と、錨鎖張力検出器6
と、吃水計7と、データ設定器10と、船速計8
と、ジヤイロコンパス17と、上記諸検出機器か
らの信号及びジヤイロコンパス17等から船首方
向信号を受けて走錨状態を検知する走錨演算装置
11と、走錨演算装置11から走錨に関連するデ
ータを受けてそれらのデータを表示する表示器1
2とから構成される。 As shown in the block diagram of FIG. 2, the anchor detection device includes an anchor signal transmitter 9 that receives a signal from the control system of the windlass 1 and outputs an anchor signal.
, chain counter 5, and anchor chain tension detector 6
, stutter meter 7, data setting device 10, and ship speed meter 8
, a gyroscope compass 17, an anchor calculation device 11 which receives signals from the above-mentioned various detection devices and bow direction signals from the gyroscope compass 17, etc. to detect the anchor dragging state, and Display device 1 that receives related data and displays those data
It consists of 2.
上記データ設定器10は、走錨演算装置11で
錨鎖カテナリを演算するのに必要な各種データを
設定するためのもので、例えば海図から得られる
錨泊地の水深D、水面からのホースパイプまでの
垂直距離d及び錨鎖2の単位重量wcなどがこの
データ設定器10でデイジタル入力される。 The data setting device 10 is used to set various data necessary for calculating the anchor chain catenary with the anchor dragging calculation device 11. For example, the water depth D of the anchorage area obtained from the nautical chart, the distance from the water surface to the hose pipe, etc. The vertical distance d, the unit weight wc of the anchor chain 2, etc. are digitally input by this data setting device 10.
上記走錨演算装置11は、チエーンカウンタ
5、錨鎖張力検出器6、吃水計7及び船速計8か
らの信号を各々AD変換する各A/D変換器5
a,6a,7a,8a及び船首方向信号をAD変
換するA/D変換器17aと、中央演算装置13
と、中央演算装置へクロツク信号を出力するフリ
ーランニングカウンタ14と、後述の走錨検知制
御の制御プログラムが予め格納されたROM15
と、RAM16とから構成される。 The anchor dragging calculation device 11 includes each A/D converter 5 that performs A/D conversion of signals from a chain counter 5, an anchor chain tension detector 6, a water gauge 7, and a ship speed gauge 8.
a, 6a, 7a, 8a and an A/D converter 17a for AD converting the bow direction signal, and a central processing unit 13.
, a free running counter 14 that outputs a clock signal to the central processing unit, and a ROM 15 in which a control program for anchor detection control to be described later is stored in advance.
and RAM16.
次に、上記走錨検知装置によつて走錨を検知す
る技術について詳しく説明する。 Next, a technique for detecting anchor dragging using the anchor dragging detection device will be described in detail.
この走錨検知技術は、簡単に説明すると、自船
から錨に至る水平距離を錨鎖張力と水深とを用い
て錨鎖カテナリ理論式で求めた錨鎖カテナリと繰
出し錨鎖長とから演算し、投錨位置から現在の自
船位置に至る水平距離を船速計などから検出され
た自船の船速を最初に設定した座標軸を基準に
し、ジヤイロコンパス等を用いて各々の座標樹に
対する速度成分を投錨から現在に亙つて時間積分
することにより演算し、上記自船から錨に至る水
平距離と投錨位置から現在の自船位置に至る水平
距離とを比較することにより走錨を検知するもの
である。 To put it simply, this anchor dragging detection technology calculates the horizontal distance from the own ship to the anchor from the anchor chain catenary and the length of the anchor chain, which are calculated using the anchor chain catenary theoretical formula using the anchor chain tension and water depth, and from the anchor chain length. The horizontal distance to the current own ship position is determined from the anchor by using a gyroscope, etc. to calculate the speed component for each coordinate tree using the coordinate axes that were initially set as the ship's speed detected by the ship's speedometer, etc. It is calculated by time-integrating over the current time, and anchor dragging is detected by comparing the horizontal distance from the own ship to the anchor and the horizontal distance from the anchoring position to the current own ship position.
即ち、第3図に示すように自船から錨4に至る
水平距離Xは、錨鎖張力T0と水深Dと繰出し錨
鎖長Cとを主要パラメータとして周知の錨鎖カテ
ナリ理論式で求めることが出来る。 That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the horizontal distance X from the own ship to the anchor 4 can be determined using the well-known anchor chain catenary theory formula using the anchor chain tension T 0 , water depth D, and let-out anchor chain length C as main parameters.
S=f1(T,D,d,wc)
S…錨鎖カテナリのガース長
T…錨鎖張力の水平分力
d…水面とホースパイプ間の垂直距離
wc…錨鎖単位重量
φ=f2(T0,D,d,wc)
φ…錨鎖上端の仰角
T0…錨鎖張力
T=T0cosφ
Y=f3(T,wc,S)
Y…錨鎖カテナリ水平長さ
Z=C−S
Z…錨鎖の海底直線部長さ
X=Y+Z
X…自船から錨4に至る水平距離
尚、上記f1,f2,f3は錨鎖カテナリ理論式から
得られる関数関係を示すものであるが、一般に知
られている理論式なのでその詳細な説明を省略す
る。S=f 1 (T, D, d, w c ) S...Girth length of anchor chain catenary T...Horizontal component of anchor chain tension d...Vertical distance between water surface and hose pipe w c ...Anchor chain unit weight φ=f 2 ( T 0 , D, d, w c ) φ...Elevation angle of the upper end of the anchor chain T 0 ...Anchor chain tension T=T 0 cosφ Y=f 3 (T, w c , S) Y...Horizontal length of the anchor chain catenary Z=C-S Z...Length of straight seabed length of the anchor chain X = Y + Z Since this is a generally known theoretical formula, its detailed explanation will be omitted.
以上のようにして、自船から錨4に至る水平距
離Xが求められる。 In the above manner, the horizontal distance X from the own ship to the anchor 4 is determined.
一方、投錨位置から現在の自船位置に至る水平
距離Lは、投錨時点から現在に亙つて船速を時間
積分することにより求めることが出来る。 On the other hand, the horizontal distance L from the anchoring position to the current ship's position can be determined by time-integrating the ship's speed from the time of anchoring to the present.
即ち、上記ドツプラーソナー船速計によれば、
錨泊するような浅海域においては対地絶対船速を
検出し得るので、第4図に示すように投錨位置を
原点((0,0),t=0)として現在(時刻t=
t)の自船位置(Lx,Ly)は次のようになる。 That is, according to the above Doppler sonar speedometer,
In shallow waters such as anchoring, the absolute ship speed relative to the ground can be detected, so as shown in Figure 4, the current (time t=
t) own ship position (L x , L y ) is as follows.
Lx=∫t 0vx(t)dt,Ly=∫t 0vy(t)dt
L=〔Lx 2+Ly 2〕1/2
vx(t)…時間tにおいて船速測定値をジヤイロ
コンパスで得られる方位に基いて所定座標軸の
x軸方向成分に分割した船速
vy(t)…時間tにおける船速測定値をジヤイロ
コンパスで得られる方位に基いて所定座標軸の
y軸方向成分に分割した船速
以上のようにして、投錨位置から現在の自船位
置に至る水平距離Lを高精度に求めることが出来
る。尚、上記のように船速計8で検出された船速
(vx(t),vy(t))を用いる代りに、加速度セン
サで検出される加速度(ax(t),ay(t))を用い
てLを求めることも出来る。L x =∫ t 0 v x (t) dt, L y = ∫ t 0 v y (t) dt L = [L x 2 +L y 2 ] 1/2 v x (t)...Measure the ship speed at time t Ship speed v y (t) where the value is divided into x-axis direction components of a predetermined coordinate axis based on the direction obtained with a gyro compass...The measured value of the ship speed at time t is divided into a predetermined coordinate axis based on the direction obtained with a gyro compass. Ship speed divided into y-axis direction components In the above manner, the horizontal distance L from the anchoring position to the current own ship position can be determined with high accuracy. Note that instead of using the ship speed (v x (t), v y (t)) detected by the ship speedometer 8 as described above, the acceleration (a x (t), a y (t)) can also be used to find L.
走錨状態でないときには自船から錨4に至る水
平距離Xと投錨位置から現在の自船位置に至る水
平距離Lとは略等しくなる(第4図参照)。 When the anchor is not dragged, the horizontal distance X from the own ship to the anchor 4 is approximately equal to the horizontal distance L from the anchoring position to the current own ship position (see FIG. 4).
これに対して、走錨状態のときには自船から錨
4に至る水平距離Xよりも投錨位置から現在の自
船位置に至る水平距離Lが大きくなり、(L−X)
が走錨した距離である(第5図参照)。 On the other hand, when the anchor is dragged, the horizontal distance L from the anchor position to the current own ship position is greater than the horizontal distance X from the own ship to the anchor 4, and (L-X)
is the distance the anchor was dragged (see Figure 5).
次に、上記中央演算装置13で実行される演算
手順の一例を第6図のフローチヤートに基いて説
明するが、S1〜S12は各ステツプを示す。 Next, an example of the calculation procedure executed by the central processing unit 13 will be explained based on the flowchart of FIG. 6, where S1 to S12 indicate each step.
S1においてスタート後、S2において初期化さ
れ、S3において投錨信号発信器9からの投錨信
号を受けて投錨開始時刻tがt=0と設定され
る。 After starting in S1, initialization is performed in S2, and in S3, an anchoring signal is received from the anchoring signal transmitter 9, and the anchoring start time t is set to t=0.
S4においてはフリーランニングカウンタ14
からのクロツク信号に基づいて投錨開始後所定微
小時間毎に出力される演算指令信号により演算時
期か否かが判定され、演算時期のときにはS5へ
移行し、そうでないときには再びS4へ移行し演
算時期になるまでこれを繰り返す。 Free running counter 14 in S4
It is determined whether or not it is time to calculate based on the calculation command signal that is output every predetermined minute time after the start of anchoring based on the clock signal from . Repeat this until.
S5においてはRAM16に格納されている各種
検出データ及び設定データが読み込まれ、S5か
らS6及びS8へ移行する。 In S5, various detection data and setting data stored in the RAM 16 are read, and the process moves from S5 to S6 and S8.
S6においてはチエーンカウンタ5からの信号
が停止したか否かにより錨鎖2の繰出しが完了し
たか否かが判定され、完了していなときには再び
S6移行し、完了したときにはS7へ移行する。 At S6, it is determined whether or not the anchor chain 2 has been completely fed out based on whether the signal from the chain counter 5 has stopped, and if it has not been completed, it is determined again whether the signal from the chain counter 5 has stopped or not.
Move to S6, and when completed move to S7.
S7においてはチエーンカウンタ5からの検出
信号を用いて繰出し錨鎖長Cが演算され、錨鎖カ
テナリ理論式に基いて錨鎖カテナリのガース長
S、錨鎖カテナリの水平距離Y、錨鎖の海底直線
部長さZが演算され、自船から錨4に至る水平距
離Xが演算される。 In S7, the length C of the anchor chain to be paid out is calculated using the detection signal from the chain counter 5, and the girth length S of the anchor chain catenary, the horizontal distance Y of the anchor chain catenary, and the length Z of the seabed straight length of the anchor chain are calculated based on the theoretical formula for the anchor chain catenary. Then, the horizontal distance X from the own ship to the anchor 4 is calculated.
S8においては投錨位置から現在の自船位置に
至る水平距離Lが演算される。尚、このS8にお
ける演算は割り込み処理で行つてもよい。 In S8, the horizontal distance L from the anchoring position to the current own ship position is calculated. Note that the calculation in S8 may be performed by interrupt processing.
S9においては走錨距離ΔL=(L−X)が演算
され、S10においては走錨距離ΔLが比較的小さ
な設定値A(例えばA=20m)以上か否かが判定
される。 In S9, the anchor dragging distance ΔL=(L-X) is calculated, and in S10 it is determined whether the anchor dragging distance ΔL is equal to or greater than a relatively small set value A (for example, A=20 m).
この設定値Aは、各種検出器5,6,7,8の
検出誤差や錨が海底に食い込むのに要する距離な
どの誤差分を吸収するために設定するものであ
る。 This setting value A is set to absorb errors such as detection errors of the various detectors 5, 6, 7, and 8 and errors such as the distance required for the anchor to penetrate into the seabed.
走錨距離ΔLが設定値A以上でないときには走
錨状態でないので、S4へ移行しS4〜S10のステツ
プが繰出り返される。 When the anchor dragging distance ΔL is not equal to or greater than the set value A, the anchor is not in the anchor dragging state, so the process moves to S4 and steps S4 to S10 are repeated.
走錨距離ΔLが設定値A以上のときには走錨状
態にあるので、S11へ移行し表示器12へΔL、
Lx,Ly,L,X及び警報などが表示され、S12に
おいて終了する。 When the anchor dragging distance ΔL is equal to or greater than the set value A, the anchor is being dragged, so the process moves to S11 and the display 12 shows ΔL,
L x , L y , L, X, alarm, etc. are displayed, and the process ends in S12.
尚、上記フローチヤートにおいては、所定の演
算時期毎に自船から錨に至る水平距離を演算する
ようにしたけれども、この演算に投錨直後に1回
だけ実行するようにしてもよい。 In the above flowchart, the horizontal distance from the ship to the anchor is calculated at each predetermined calculation time, but this calculation may be performed only once immediately after anchoring.
(発明の効果)
以上説明したように、本発明の走錨検知装置に
よれば、チエーンカウンタからの信号に基いて繰
出し錨鎖長を求め、錨鎖張力検出器と吃水計と船
速計とジヤイロコンパスとデータ設定器からの信
号に基いて錨鎖カテナリ理論式を介して錨鎖カテ
ナリを求め、その錨鎖カテナリと繰出し錨鎖長と
に基いて自船から錨に至る水平距離を求め、自船
の船速や加速度を投錨から現在に亙つて時間積分
して投錨位置から現在の自船位置に至る水平距離
を求め、上記2つの水平距離を比較することによ
り走錨状態を検知する走錨演算装置を設けたこと
により、一切の陸上固定設備を必要とせず、自船
側に設けた機器のみで走錨状態を検知することが
可能となること、誤差としては検出機器の誤差を
除けば錨が海底に喰い込むのに要する距離だけで
あるから極めて早期に走錨状態を検知して有効な
対策を講ずることができること、乗組員の経験や
勘に依存せず各種検出機器からの検出信号や設定
データを用いて走錨状態を検知することが出来る
ので走錨検知を自動化し得ること、などの効果が
得られる。(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, according to the anchor dragging detection device of the present invention, the anchor chain length is determined based on the signal from the chain counter, and the anchor chain tension detector, the stuttering meter, the boat speed meter, and the gyroscope are used. Based on the signals from the compass and data setter, determine the anchor chain catenary using the theoretical formula for the anchor chain catenary, calculate the horizontal distance from your own ship to the anchor based on the anchor chain catenary and the length of the anchor chain, and calculate the ship speed of your own ship. An anchor-dragging calculation device is installed, which calculates the horizontal distance from the anchored position to the current ship's position by integrating the acceleration and acceleration from the anchoring point to the current position, and detects the anchor-dragging state by comparing the two horizontal distances. As a result, it is possible to detect the anchor dragging condition using only the equipment installed on the ship's own ship without the need for any fixed equipment on land. Since the distance required for the ship to enter the anchor is only the distance required for anchorage, it is possible to detect anchor dragging at an extremely early stage and take effective countermeasures. Since the anchor dragging state can be detected by using the anchor dragging condition, effects such as being able to automate anchor dragging detection can be obtained.
図面は本発明に係る走錨検知走錨の実施例を示
すもので、第1図は各種検出機器を装備した船の
側面図、第2図は走錨検知装置のブロツク図、第
3図は錨鎖カテナリの説明図、第4図及び第5図
は各々非走錨状態と走錨状態を説明する説明図、
第6図は走錨検知制御のルーチンの概略フローチ
ヤートである。
1…ウインドラス、2…錨鎖、3…ホースパイ
プ、4…錨、5…チエーンカウンタ、6…錨鎖張
力検出器、7…吃水計、8…船速計、9…投錨信
号発信器、10…データ設定器、11…走錨演算
装置、12…表示器、S…船体、X…自船から錨
に至る水平距離、L…投錨位置から現在の自船位
置に至る水平距離、T0…錨鎖張力、D…水深、
vx(t)…時刻tにおける船速測定値をジヤイロ
コンパスで得られる方位に基いて所定座標軸のx
軸方向成分に分割した船速、vy(t)…時刻tに
おける船速測定値をジヤイロコンパスで得られる
方位に基いて所定座標軸のy軸方向成分に分割し
た船速。
The drawings show an embodiment of the anchor dragging detection device according to the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a side view of a ship equipped with various detection devices, FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the anchor dragging detection device, and FIG. An explanatory diagram of the anchor chain catenary, FIGS. 4 and 5 are explanatory diagrams illustrating the non-driving anchor state and the anchor dragging state, respectively.
FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of the anchor dragging detection control routine. 1... Windlass, 2... Anchor chain, 3... Hose pipe, 4... Anchor, 5... Chain counter, 6... Anchor chain tension detector, 7... Water gauge, 8... Ship speed meter, 9... Anchoring signal transmitter, 10... Data setting device, 11...Anchor dragging calculation device, 12...Display device, S...Hull, X...Horizontal distance from own ship to anchor, L...Horizontal distance from anchoring position to current own ship position, T0 ...Anchor chain Tension, D...Water depth,
v x (t)...The measured value of the ship's speed at time t is based on the direction obtained by the gyro compass, and
Ship speed divided into axial components, v y (t)... Ship speed obtained by dividing the ship speed measurement value at time t into y-axis direction components of a predetermined coordinate axis based on the direction obtained by the gyro compass.
Claims (1)
するチエーンカウンタと、錨鎖の張力を検出する
錨鎖張力検出器と、自船の吃水を検出する吃水計
と、自船の対地船速を検出する船速計と、ジヤイ
ロコンパスと、少なくとも水深と錨鎖単位重量の
データを設定する為のデータ設定器と、 上記チエーンカウンタと錨鎖張力検出器と吃水
計と船速計とジヤイロコンパスとデータ設定器か
らの出力を受け、チエーンカウンタの出力に基い
て繰出し錨鎖長を求め、少なくとも錨鎖張力と錨
鎖単位重量と水深と繰出し錨鎖長に基いて自船か
ら錨に至る水平距離を求め、自船の船速若しくは
加速度を投錨から現在に亙つて積分することによ
り投錨位置から現在の自船位置に至る水平距離を
求め、上記求めた2つの水平距離を比較すること
により走錨状態を検出する走錨演算装置と、 上記走錨状態が検出されたときに走錨演算装置
からの出力を受けて走錨に関連するデータを表示
する表示器と、 を備えたことを特徴とする走錨検知装置。[Scope of Claims] 1. A chain counter that counts the anchor chain paid out from the windlass, an anchor chain tension detector that detects the tension of the anchor chain, a water gauge that detects the own ship's water, and the ship's speed relative to the ground. A speedometer for detecting water, a gyroscope compass, a data setter for setting at least the data of water depth and anchor chain unit weight, the above-mentioned chain counter, anchor chain tension detector, stuttering meter, speedometer, and gyroscope. and the output from the data setter, calculate the length of the anchor chain to be paid out based on the output of the chain counter, and calculate the horizontal distance from the own ship to the anchor based on at least the anchor chain tension, unit weight of the anchor chain, water depth, and length of the anchor chain to be paid out. Find the horizontal distance from the anchor position to the current own ship position by integrating the ship's speed or acceleration from the anchor to the current position, and detect the anchor dragging state by comparing the two horizontal distances determined above. An anchor-dragging device comprising: an anchor-dragging calculation device that performs anchor-dragging; and a display device that receives an output from the anchor-dragging calculation device and displays data related to anchor dragging when the anchor-dragging state is detected. Detection device.
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59190422A JPS6166968A (en) | 1984-09-10 | 1984-09-10 | Detecting method of running anchor |
| KR1019850006354A KR910004761B1 (en) | 1984-09-04 | 1985-08-31 | Automatic anchor watching control system |
| NO853469A NO169987C (en) | 1984-09-04 | 1985-09-03 | AUTOMATIC ANCHOR ANCHOR MONITORING AND CONTROL SYSTEM |
| EP85306266A EP0174189B1 (en) | 1984-09-04 | 1985-09-04 | Automatic anchor watching control system |
| DE8585306266T DE3570633D1 (en) | 1984-09-04 | 1985-09-04 | Automatic anchor watching control system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59190422A JPS6166968A (en) | 1984-09-10 | 1984-09-10 | Detecting method of running anchor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6166968A JPS6166968A (en) | 1986-04-05 |
| JPH0369049B2 true JPH0369049B2 (en) | 1991-10-30 |
Family
ID=16257870
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59190422A Granted JPS6166968A (en) | 1984-09-04 | 1984-09-10 | Detecting method of running anchor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6166968A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP7219680B2 (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2023-02-08 | 日立造船株式会社 | Installation method of mooring system and installation method of mooring floating body |
| CN116767461B (en) * | 2023-08-25 | 2023-12-22 | 太极计算机股份有限公司 | Ship anchoring behavior detection method and device and electronic equipment |
-
1984
- 1984-09-10 JP JP59190422A patent/JPS6166968A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6166968A (en) | 1986-04-05 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN112461233B (en) | Submarine cable fault monitoring system based on MEMS sensing array | |
| KR910004761B1 (en) | Automatic anchor watching control system | |
| IE841042L (en) | Determining the position of a marine seismic receiver cable | |
| JP7473169B2 (en) | Anchor dragging risk assessment program, anchor dragging risk assessment system, and anchor dragging risk avoidance system | |
| US3648225A (en) | Digital sonar doppler navigator | |
| CN110087985A (en) | The close control of towboat | |
| CN109163709A (en) | A kind of measurement method of unmanned boat integration underwater topography | |
| JP2021160427A5 (en) | ||
| CN221054816U (en) | An autonomous line inspection system for buried submarine pipelines | |
| JP2021123265A5 (en) | ||
| JPH0369049B2 (en) | ||
| JPS5851235B2 (en) | navigational aids | |
| US4004460A (en) | Ship movement measurement | |
| JPS6130000A (en) | Automatic collision preventor for ship | |
| JPH08136650A (en) | Acoustic position measuring instrument | |
| CN208140187U (en) | A kind of multi-beam marine charting detecting devices suitable for inland lake | |
| RU2043271C1 (en) | Method of check of ship's stability | |
| JPS6329278A (en) | Detecting device for ship body motion | |
| JPS6132200A (en) | Cource minitor for ship | |
| JP2500234B2 (en) | Rough weather navigation aid | |
| JPS5653428A (en) | Water temperature measuring system onboard ship | |
| JPS6218025B2 (en) | ||
| CN114253278A (en) | Ship harbor-entering berthing auxiliary system and method based on multiple antennas | |
| JPH0534451A (en) | Acoustic positioning device | |
| CN113565168B (en) | Posture measuring, displaying, alarming and controlling system for rake arm of trailing suction hopper dredger |