JPH038052B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH038052B2 JPH038052B2 JP56205819A JP20581981A JPH038052B2 JP H038052 B2 JPH038052 B2 JP H038052B2 JP 56205819 A JP56205819 A JP 56205819A JP 20581981 A JP20581981 A JP 20581981A JP H038052 B2 JPH038052 B2 JP H038052B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- sensitive
- magnetic material
- spring
- force
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- Thermally Actuated Switches (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、電気回路をオンオフしかつ温度を制
御する感温素子に形状記憶合金を用いた温度制御
スイツチに関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a temperature control switch that uses a shape memory alloy for a temperature sensing element that turns on and off an electric circuit and controls temperature.
形状記憶合金は、温度の高い母相の状態で一定
の形態に成形しておき、その後温度を下げてマル
テンサイト変態の状態にしてその形状を変形し、
再び温度を上げて母相の状態に戻すと、予め母相
で成形した形状に戻る性質を有する。また形状記
憶合金は、母相変態の状態にあるときとマルテン
サイト変態の状態にあるときとでは、同じひずみ
量に対する抗張力の値が前者の方が後者より約３
倍大きい。従つてこれらの特性を有する形状記憶
合金と機械的なばねとを組合せることにより、あ
る温度範囲で任意に温度を制御することができる
温度制御スイツチを構成することができる。 Shape memory alloys are formed into a certain shape in a high-temperature matrix state, and then the temperature is lowered to enter a martensitic transformation state and the shape is deformed.
When the temperature is raised again to return to the matrix state, it has the property of returning to the shape previously formed in the matrix. In addition, when a shape memory alloy is in a matrix transformation state and a martensitic transformation state, the tensile strength value for the same amount of strain is approximately 3% higher in the former than in the latter.
twice as big. Therefore, by combining a shape memory alloy having these characteristics with a mechanical spring, it is possible to construct a temperature control switch that can arbitrarily control the temperature within a certain temperature range.
本発明はかかる点に鑑み、形状記憶合金のマル
テンサイト変態温度と母相変態温度との間で温度
ヒステリシスを有せしめるため、機械的なばねと
磁気変態点を利用する感温磁性材とを用いたこの
種温度制御スイツチを提案することを主たる目的
とする。 In view of this, the present invention uses a mechanical spring and a temperature-sensitive magnetic material that utilizes the magnetic transformation point to provide temperature hysteresis between the martensitic transformation temperature and the matrix transformation temperature of the shape memory alloy. The main purpose of this paper is to propose this type of temperature control switch.
以下本発明の一実施例について図面を参照しな
がら詳細に説明する。 An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
第１図は本発明の一例を示す側面図、第２図は
第１図中−線断面図である。また第３図はス
イツチのオフ状態時の側面図である。１は感温素
子を示し、形状記憶合金により形成される。形状
記憶合金は、温度が上昇して母相の組織に戻る
と、母相変態時に予め成形された形状に戻る性質
を有しているため、母相変態の状態のときに、第
３図に示す如く、折曲変形した形状に成形してお
く。従つて、形状記憶合金がマルテンサイト変態
から母相に組織が変化すると、感温素子１は、第
３図に示す如く、元の成形形状に戻ることにな
る。 FIG. 1 is a side view showing an example of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line in FIG. FIG. 3 is a side view of the switch when it is in the OFF state. Reference numeral 1 indicates a temperature sensing element, which is made of a shape memory alloy. Shape memory alloys have the property of returning to the shape previously formed during matrix transformation when the temperature rises and returns to the matrix structure. As shown, it is formed into a bent and deformed shape. Therefore, when the structure of the shape memory alloy changes from martensitic transformation to the matrix, the temperature sensing element 1 returns to its original molded shape as shown in FIG.
２は通常の板ばねより成るばねを示し、設定す
る制御温度の範囲でばね力の変化しない材料が用
いられる。ばね２と絶縁体６を介して設けた基台
３との間に感温素子１が挾持されている。１２は
スペーサを示す。そしてばね２のばね力を微調整
するため、ばね２に対して力を及ぼす補助ばね４
が設けられ、調整ねじ５の回動によつてばね２及
び補助ばね４の合成力を微調整し得るように構成
されている。ばね２と基台３とには相対向して電
気接点９ａ，９ｂが設けられ、接点９ａ，９ｂに
接続したリード線１０により電気回路に接続され
ることになる。尚、基台３は温度による変形又は
感温素子の偏倚力によりたわみを生ずるものでな
ければよく、金属製又は合成樹脂製でもよい。 Reference numeral 2 indicates a spring made of a normal leaf spring, which is made of a material whose spring force does not change within the set control temperature range. A temperature sensing element 1 is held between a spring 2 and a base 3 provided with an insulator 6 in between. 12 indicates a spacer. In order to finely adjust the spring force of the spring 2, an auxiliary spring 4 exerts a force on the spring 2.
is provided so that the combined force of the spring 2 and the auxiliary spring 4 can be finely adjusted by rotating the adjustment screw 5. Electric contacts 9a and 9b are provided on the spring 2 and the base 3 to face each other, and are connected to an electric circuit by a lead wire 10 connected to the contacts 9a and 9b. The base 3 may be made of metal or synthetic resin as long as it does not bend due to deformation due to temperature or biasing force of the temperature sensing element.
ばね２と基台３とには、相対向して感温磁性材
７及び永久磁石８が設けられる。そして感温磁性
材７の磁気変態点を任意に設定することにより、
感温素子１とばね２との作用に加えて温度ヒステ
リシスを任意に設定することができる。 A temperature-sensitive magnetic material 7 and a permanent magnet 8 are provided on the spring 2 and the base 3 so as to face each other. By arbitrarily setting the magnetic transformation point of the temperature-sensitive magnetic material 7,
In addition to the effects of the temperature sensing element 1 and the spring 2, temperature hysteresis can be set arbitrarily.
第４図は感温素子１の温度と応力との関係を示
す特性曲線図である。図中、Ｃ点はマルテンサイ
ト変態開始温度、Ａ点は同じく終了温度を示して
いる。そしてばね２，４による合成力は、感温素
子１のマルテンサイト終了温度Ａ点より僅かに高
い力f1となるように調整ねじ５により調整され
る。更に感温磁性材７の磁気変態点は、感温素子
１の母相変態終了温度Ｂ点より僅かに高い温度の
ものが選択される。 FIG. 4 is a characteristic curve diagram showing the relationship between temperature and stress of the temperature sensing element 1. In the figure, point C indicates the start temperature of martensitic transformation, and point A indicates the end temperature. The combined force of the springs 2 and 4 is adjusted by the adjusting screw 5 so that it becomes a force f1 slightly higher than the martensite finish temperature point A of the temperature sensing element 1. Further, the magnetic transformation point of the temperature-sensitive magnetic material 7 is selected to be slightly higher than the parent phase transformation end temperature point B of the temperature-sensitive element 1.
今、感温素子１の温度が高く、母相変態の状態
にある温度t1のときは、第４図に示す如く、感温
素子１の偏倚力はその抗張力がマルテンサイト変
態時の約３倍と大きいため、ばね２，４の合成力
に抗して感温素子１が、第３図に示す如く、上方
に反つて各接点９ａ，９ｂを開放している。 Now, when the temperature of the temperature sensing element 1 is high and the temperature t 1 is in the state of matrix transformation, the biasing force of the temperature sensing element 1 is about 3 in tensile strength at the time of martensitic transformation, as shown in Fig. 4. Because it is twice as large, the temperature sensing element 1 resists the combined force of the springs 2 and 4 and bends upward to open the contacts 9a and 9b, as shown in FIG.
次に温度が下がつてくると、感温素子は、第４
図に示す曲線に沿つて変化し、それに伴つて応力
も低下する。この場合、感温磁性材７の磁気変態
点より低くなつても、感温素子１の母相変態時の
偏倚力をばね２，４の合成力及び感温磁性材７と
永久磁石８との吸引力より大に設定しておくこと
により、接点９ａ，９ｂの閉塞は生じない。感温
磁性材７は、永久磁石との間隔が大きいときは磁
性を有していても永久磁石８を吸引する力が生じ
ないためである。 Next, when the temperature drops, the temperature sensing element
The stress changes along the curve shown in the figure, and the stress also decreases accordingly. In this case, even if the temperature is lower than the magnetic transformation point of the temperature-sensitive magnetic material 7, the biasing force at the time of matrix transformation of the temperature-sensitive element 1 is controlled by the combined force of the springs 2 and 4, the temperature-sensitive magnetic material 7, and the permanent magnet 8. By setting the force higher than the suction force, the contacts 9a and 9b will not be blocked. This is because when the distance between the temperature-sensitive magnetic material 7 and the permanent magnet is large, no force is generated to attract the permanent magnet 8 even if the temperature-sensitive magnetic material 7 has magnetism.
温度が更に低下して感温素子１のマルテンサイ
ト変態終了温度Ａ点に至ると、感温素子１の拡張
力が弱化するため、接点９ａ，９ｂ間は更に狭く
なり、かつ感温磁性材７の永久磁石８に対する吸
引力により、接点９ａ，９ｂはばね２，４の合成
力に基き急速に接触して閉塞することになる。 When the temperature further decreases to point A, the temperature at which the martensitic transformation of the thermosensitive element 1 ends, the expansion force of the thermosensitive element 1 weakens, and the space between the contacts 9a and 9b becomes narrower, and the temperature-sensitive magnetic material 7 Due to the attractive force on the permanent magnet 8, the contacts 9a and 9b rapidly come into contact and close based on the combined force of the springs 2 and 4.
更にこの温度から上昇するときは、感温磁性材
７と永久磁石８との吸引力がＢ点付近まで持続し
ているため、温度Ａ点を上昇して感温素子１の偏
倚力がばね２，４の合成力に勝つても、接点９
ａ，９ｂは開放されない。温度Ｂ点を越えると、
感温磁性材７の永久磁石８に対する吸引力が消失
して急速に接点９ａ，９ｂが開放されることにな
る。このようにして制御温度幅（温度ヒステリシ
ス）の大きい温度制御スイツチを構成することが
できる。 When the temperature further rises from this temperature, the attractive force between the temperature-sensitive magnetic material 7 and the permanent magnet 8 continues up to around point B, so the temperature rises to point A and the biasing force of the temperature-sensitive element 1 is increased by the spring 2. Even if it overcomes the combined force of ,4, the contact point 9
a and 9b are not opened. When the temperature exceeds point B,
The attractive force of the temperature-sensitive magnetic material 7 to the permanent magnet 8 disappears, and the contacts 9a and 9b are rapidly opened. In this way, a temperature control switch with a large control temperature range (temperature hysteresis) can be constructed.
尚、感温磁性材７の磁気変態点は任意に設定す
ることができ、第４図中、Ｂ点より高い磁気変態
点を有する感温磁性材を用いるときは更に制御温
度幅の大きいスイツチを構成し得る。感温磁性材
と永久磁石との個有抵抗が低いときは、磁気回路
上に、接点の電気回路が短絡しないように絶縁層
を設ける必要がある。また感温磁性材は、フエラ
イト・金属磁性材料を用いることができ、永久磁
石はバリウムフエライト系・アルニコ系・希土類
系のいずれも用いることができる。 The magnetic transformation point of the temperature-sensitive magnetic material 7 can be set arbitrarily, and when using a temperature-sensitive magnetic material with a magnetic transformation point higher than point B in FIG. 4, a switch with a wider control temperature range is required. Can be configured. When the individual resistance between the temperature-sensitive magnetic material and the permanent magnet is low, it is necessary to provide an insulating layer on the magnetic circuit so that the electrical circuit of the contact does not short-circuit. Further, the temperature-sensitive magnetic material may be a ferrite or metal magnetic material, and the permanent magnet may be a barium ferrite type, an alnico type, or a rare earth type.
第５図は本発明の他の例を示す側面図である。
本例においては、第１図例が感温磁性材７と永久
磁石８とを接点８ａ，８ｂと感温素子１との間に
設けたのに対し、感温磁性材７と永久磁石８との
対をばね２及び基台３の作用端に設けたものであ
る。従つて、接点９ａ，９ｂは感温磁性材７及び
永久磁石８と感温素子１との間に存在することに
なる。 FIG. 5 is a side view showing another example of the present invention.
In this example, the temperature-sensitive magnetic material 7 and the permanent magnet 8 are provided between the contacts 8a, 8b and the temperature-sensing element 1, whereas the example in FIG. A pair of springs 2 and 3 are provided at the active ends of the spring 2 and the base 3. Therefore, the contacts 9a and 9b are present between the temperature-sensitive magnetic material 7 and the permanent magnet 8 and the temperature-sensitive element 1.
以上述べた如く本発明によれば、形状記憶合金
より成る感温素子と、はね力の調整能なばねとで
構成された感温スイツチに、磁気変態点を利用す
る感温磁性材料及び永久磁石を設けた温度制御ス
イツチにおいて、ばね力は感温素子のマルテンサ
イト終了温度時の応力より大きく調整され、感温
磁性材料の磁気変態点は感温素子の母相変態終了
温度より高い関係に設定され、感温素子の母相変
態時の応力は、感温磁性材料及び永久磁石の吸引
力にばね力を加えたものより小さくばね力より大
きい関係に設定したので、任意の温度ヒステリシ
ス特性をもつ温度制御スイツチを得ることができ
る。また電気接点の開閉時に生ずるチヤツタリン
グを未然に防止することができるため、電流容量
の大きい回路に接続することができ、接点の寿命
を延ばすことができる。 As described above, according to the present invention, a temperature-sensitive switch composed of a temperature-sensitive element made of a shape memory alloy and a spring whose spring force can be adjusted is made of a temperature-sensitive magnetic material that utilizes a magnetic transformation point and a permanent In a temperature control switch equipped with a magnet, the spring force is adjusted to be greater than the stress at the martensite end temperature of the temperature sensing element, and the magnetic transformation point of the temperature sensitive magnetic material is higher than the mother phase transformation end temperature of the temperature sensing element. The stress at the time of matrix transformation of the temperature-sensitive element is set to be smaller than the spring force added to the attractive force of the temperature-sensitive magnetic material and the permanent magnet, and is larger than the spring force, so any temperature hysteresis characteristic can be adjusted. It is possible to obtain a temperature control switch with Furthermore, since chattering that occurs when the electrical contacts open and close can be prevented, it is possible to connect to a circuit with a large current capacity, and the life of the contacts can be extended.
第１図は本発明の一例を示す側面図、第２図は
第１図中−線断面図、第３図は接点開放状態
を示す側面図、第４図は感温素子の温度・応力特
性曲線の一例を示す図、第５図は本発明の他の例
を示す側面図である。
１……感温素子、２，４……ばね、５……調整
ねじ、７……感温磁性材、８……永久磁石。
Fig. 1 is a side view showing an example of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line - in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a side view showing the contact open state, and Fig. 4 is the temperature/stress characteristics of the temperature sensing element. FIG. 5 is a side view showing another example of the present invention. 1... Temperature sensing element, 2, 4... Spring, 5... Adjusting screw, 7... Temperature sensitive magnetic material, 8... Permanent magnet.
Claims (1)
調整可能なばねとで構成された感温スイツチに、
磁気変態点を利用する感温磁性材料及び永久磁石
を設けた温度制御スイツチにおいて、 ばね力は感温素子のマルテンサイト終了温度時
の応力より大きく調整され、感温磁性材料の磁気
変態点は感温素子の母相変態終了温度より高い関
係に設定され、 感温素子の母相変態時の応力は、感温磁性材料
及び永久磁石の吸引力にばね力を加えたものより
小さくばね力より大きい関係に設定したことを特
徴とする温度制御スイツチ。[Claims] 1. A temperature-sensitive switch composed of a temperature-sensitive element made of a shape memory alloy and a spring whose spring force can be adjusted,
In a temperature control switch equipped with a temperature-sensitive magnetic material and a permanent magnet that utilizes the magnetic transformation point, the spring force is adjusted to be greater than the stress at the end temperature of martensite in the temperature-sensitive element, and the magnetic transformation point of the temperature-sensitive magnetic material is The relationship is set to be higher than the temperature at which the temperature-sensitive element's matrix transformation ends, and the stress at the time of matrix transformation of the temperature-sensitive element is smaller than the sum of the attractive force of the temperature-sensitive magnetic material and the permanent magnet plus the spring force, and larger than the spring force. A temperature control switch characterized by being set in a relationship.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20581981A JPS58106724A (en) | 1981-12-19 | 1981-12-19 | Temperature control switch |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20581981A JPS58106724A (en) | 1981-12-19 | 1981-12-19 | Temperature control switch |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS58106724A JPS58106724A (en) | 1983-06-25 |
| JPH038052B2 true JPH038052B2 (en) | 1991-02-05 |
Family
ID=16513219
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20581981A Granted JPS58106724A (en) | 1981-12-19 | 1981-12-19 | Temperature control switch |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS58106724A (en) |
-
1981
- 1981-12-19 JP JP20581981A patent/JPS58106724A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS58106724A (en) | 1983-06-25 |
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