JPH039996B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an apparatus for crushing rock, concrete, etc. by inserting it into a hole drilled in rock, concrete, etc.

(Prior art and its problems) Conventionally, the most common method for rock crushing is the blasting method, but this method causes noise,
Vibrations are generated and have a negative impact on the surrounding environment.
Furthermore, dust is generated, which causes deterioration of the underground working environment. Therefore, there is a need for a static rock crushing method that generates less noise, vibration, and dust.

Recently, as a method of this kind, a cement-based filler is filled into holes drilled in the rock, and the filler is expanded through a chemical reaction, and the rock is statically crushed by the expansion pressure. However, this method has drawbacks such as poor work efficiency due to the long reaction time of the cement filler, and moreover, it is economically expensive.

For this purpose, for example, as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-41189, a cylindrical elastic pressure member is fitted onto a rod whose tip is formed into an enlarged head, and this cylindrical elastic pressure member is attached to the rock surface. A device was developed that was inserted into a hole drilled in a rod, etc., and then expanded in the outer diameter direction by compressing the pressure member in the axial direction of the rod, and the expansion pressure was used to crush rock, etc. It was done.

However, when a cylindrical elastic pressure member is compressed in the length direction, the amount of expansion in the radial direction increases in proportion to the amount of compressive deformation, but the wall thickness is small compared to the length, and the thick part is Because it is substantially solid, it is not possible to obtain a large amount of expansion deformation, and despite the large compressive force in the length direction, it is not possible to apply sufficient expansion pressure in the thickness direction, that is, in the radial direction. There was a problem in that it was difficult to crush rocks etc. smoothly.

The present invention has been made in view of these problems, and provides a rock mass, etc., in which compressive force in the longitudinal direction of a cylindrical expandable body used for crushing rock mass can be efficiently converted into expansion force in the radial direction. The purpose is to provide a crushing device for this purpose.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the rock crushing device of the present invention has a cylindrical expandable body fitted around a metal rod, and a stopper fixed to one end of the metal rod. and a movable stopper slidably provided at the other end are sandwiched between both end surfaces of the cylindrical expandable body, and the cylindrical expandable body is expanded toward the outer periphery by moving the movable stopper toward the fixed stopper. In the apparatus for crushing rock, etc., the thick part of the cylindrical expandable body is formed in a hollow interior, and a resin elastic body softer than the cylindrical expandable body or an appropriate liquid is sealed in the hollow interior. It is characterized by this.

(Function) After inserting the metal rod with the cylindrical expansion body fitted into the hole drilled in the rock, etc., and moving the movable stopper to the fixed stopper side, the cylinder disposed between the two stoppers will open. The shaped inflatable body is compressed in the length direction, and expands and deforms in the radial direction due to the compression force.

At this time, the outer peripheral part and the inner peripheral part of the cylindrical expandable body are separated through a hollow interior, and an elastic resin material softer than the cylindrical expandable body or an appropriate liquid is sealed in the hollow interior. Therefore, when the compressive force is transmitted to the resin elastic body or liquid in the hollow interior, the resin elastic body or liquid uses the compressive force as expansion pressure to connect with the outer periphery of the cylindrical expandable body forming the hollow interior. It acts on the inner circumference.

At this time, the inner periphery of the cylindrical expansion body presses against the outer periphery of the metal rod to prevent further deformation.
The outer periphery of the cylindrical expandable body can expand and deform to a large extent in the outer radial direction, and the compressive force is efficiently converted into a radial expansion force through the resin elastic body or liquid in the hollow interior, thereby making it possible to drill into rock, etc. It applies strong pressure to the hole wall and can easily fracture rock.

(Description of Embodiments) Embodiments of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings.
is a metal bar made of steel bar material, and has a large-diameter head 2 integrally provided at one end thereof, and a screw 3 is cut into the outer periphery of the other end at an appropriate length from the other end.

4 is a cylindrical expandable body made of a non-compressible elastic material such as natural rubber or urethane;
Both end surfaces are formed into conical shapes, and the thick portion is formed in a hollow interior 14 as shown in FIG. body or a suitable liquid 15 is enclosed.

This cylindrical expansion body 4 is fitted onto the metal rod 1 so that its inner peripheral surface is brought into close contact with the outer periphery of the metal rod 1,
A fixed stopper 5 and a movable stopper 6 are loosely fitted to both ends of the metal rod 1 protruding from both ends of the cylindrical expandable body 4, and these stoppers 5 and 6 are sandwiched between both end surfaces of the cylindrical expandable body 4. be.

These stoppers 5, 6 are made of elastic washers 5a, 6a made of hard resin and having an insertion hole for the metal rod 1 in the center, and circular flat washers 5b, 6 made of metal.
b, consisting of a hard resin elastic washer 5
a, 6a, a conical recess 7 is formed in the surface that receives the end surface of the cylindrical expandable body 4, and the recess 7 is brought into contact with the conical surfaces of both ends of the cylindrical expandable body 4, respectively; The other surface is superimposed on flat washers 5b and 6b.

That is, a flat metal washer 5b, a circular elastic washer 5a, a cylindrical expansion body 4, a circular elastic washer 6a, and a flat metal washer 6b are fitted into the metal rod body 1 in order from one end thereof, and a fixed stopper is inserted into the metal rod 1 in order. The flat washer 5b of No. 5 is received on the inner surface of the large-diameter head 2 of the metal rod 1.

The outer diameters of the stoppers 5 and 6 are set to be equal to or slightly larger than the outer diameter of the cylindrical expansion body 4.

Reference numeral 8 denotes a cylindrical pressing member having an inner diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the metal rod 1 and smaller than the outer diameter of the stopper 6; It is slidably fitted into the metal rod body 1 and has its inner end surface abutted against the movable stopper 6, and is connected to the outer end surface thereof via a movable washer 9 to a nut 10 screwed into the threaded portion 3 of the metal rod body 1. There is.

Reference numeral 11 denotes a detent having a rectangular cross section formed at the end of the threaded portion 3 of the metal rod 1.

In order to crush rock using the rock crushing device configured as described above, first, a circular hole b having a diameter slightly larger than that of the crushing device is drilled in the rock mass a to be crushed.

Next, after inserting the crushing device into the circular hole b, the detent 11 is held by an appropriate means to fix the metal rod 1 unrotatably, and when the nut 10 is screwed in this state, the movable washer 9 From there, the movable stopper 6 moves toward the fixed stopper 5 via the pressing member 8 and compresses the cylindrical expansion body 4. One end of this cylindrical elastic body 4 is received by the large-diameter head 2 of the metal rod 1 via a fixed stopper 5, and since the cylindrical elastic expandable body 4 is made of an incompressible material, The nut 10 expands toward the outer periphery in a direction perpendicular to the compression direction by a volume approximately equal to the volume compressed by the screw movement of the nut 10.

At this time, as described above, the thick part of the cylindrical expandable body 4 is formed in the hollow part 14, and the outer peripheral part and the inner peripheral part are separated. Since an elastic resin body or a suitable liquid 15 which is softer than the hollow interior 14 is enclosed, the compressive force acts on the elastic resin body or liquid 15 in the hollow interior 14, causing the elastic resin body or liquid 15 to elongate. It is compressed in the lateral direction and converted into an expansion force in the radial direction corresponding to the amount of compression, and this expansion force acts on the outer circumferential part and the inner circumferential part of the cylindrical expandable body 4 forming a hollow interior.

At this time, the inner circumference of the cylindrical expansion body 4 is connected to the metal rod 1
Since the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical expandable body 4 is pressed against the outer circumferential surface of the rock and prevented from further deformation, the outer circumferential portion of the cylindrical expandable body 4 expands and deforms in the outer radial direction and comes into close contact with the inner circumferential surface of the circular hole b drilled in the rock mass a. do.

When the cylindrical expandable body 4 is further compressed from this state, the outer periphery of the cylindrical expandable body 4 tends to expand further relative to the inner periphery via the resin elastic body or liquid 15 in the hollow interior 14. When the expansion force exceeds the tensile strength in the circumferential direction of the hole b of the rock a, a crack occurs in the rock a and the rock a is crushed. At this time, both ends of the cylindrical inflatable body 4 try to expand beyond the outer peripheral surfaces of both stoppers 5 and 6 into the gap 12 with the circular hole b, but the elastic washers 5a and 6a of both stoppers 5 and 6 Since the end receiving surface of the inflatable body 4 is formed in the concave portion 7, the outer peripheral edge expands and deforms outward due to the expansion force of the inflatable body 4, thereby forming the circular hole b.
and closes the gap 12 with the circular hole b. Therefore, the inflatable body 4 has elastic washers 5a,
This compressive force can be effectively replaced by the destructive force of the rock mass a without bulging from the rock mass 6a toward the gap 12 side.

In the above embodiment, the expansion body 4 is compressed by tightening the nut 10.
As shown in FIG. 3, a center hole jack 13 is attached to the other end of the metal rod 1, and the tip of the movable cylindrical portion of the center hole jack 13 is attached to the movable stopper without using the nut 10 or the movable washer 9. 6 and the expansion body 4 may be compressed by the action of this jack. In this case, the rock mass a can be crushed more quickly.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the rock crushing device of the present invention, the cylindrical expansion body is fitted onto the metal rod, and the stopper fixed to one end of the metal rod slides on the other end. Crushing of rock, etc., configured such that freely provided movable stoppers are sandwiched between both end faces of the cylindrical expandable body, and the cylindrical expandable body is expanded toward the outer periphery by moving the movable stopper toward the fixed stopper. In the device, the thick part of the cylindrical expandable body is formed in a hollow interior, and an elastic resin material softer than the cylindrical expandable body or an appropriate liquid is sealed in the hollow interior. Since the longitudinal expansion of the cylindrical inflatable body is restrained from expanding in the longitudinal direction by stoppers attached to metal rods on both end surfaces, the cylindrical inflatable body can be easily and reliably expanded by moving the movable stopper toward the fixed stopper. The cylindrical expandable body can be compressed and deformed in the radial direction by the compression force, and in this case, the cylindrical expandable body has a thick wall portion formed inside the hollow interior, and the outer circumferential portion and the inner circumferential portion The compressive force acts on the elastic resin body or liquid inside the hollow because the resin elastic body softer than the cylindrical expandable body or a suitable liquid is sealed inside the hollow interior. This allows the resin elastic body or liquid to be compressed in the length direction and easily expanded in the radial direction according to the amount of compression. It can be converted efficiently.

Furthermore, this expansion force acts on the outer and inner circumferences of the cylindrical expandable body forming the hollow interior, and the inner periphery of the cylindrical expandable body presses against the outer circumferential surface of the metal rod. Since the above deformation is prevented, it becomes possible to greatly expand and deform the outer peripheral part of the cylindrical expandable body in the outer radial direction, and the compressive force is applied to the radial direction through the resin elastic body or liquid inside the hollow. It is possible to apply strong pressure to the wall of a hole drilled in rock, etc. while efficiently converting it into expansion force, and it is possible to reliably and easily crush the rock.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a longitudinal side view, Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a case where a center hole jack is used as a pressing member. FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional side view of the cylindrical elastic expandable body. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Metal rod body, 4... Cylindrical expansion body, 5... Fixed stopper, 6... Movable stopper, 7... Recessed part, 10... Nut, 13... Center hole jack.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A cylindrical expandable body is fitted onto a metal rod, and a stopper fixed to one end of the metal rod and a movable stopper slidably provided at the other end are sandwiched between both end surfaces of the cylindrical expandable body, In an apparatus for crushing rock or the like configured to expand a cylindrical expandable body toward the outer periphery by moving a movable stopper toward a fixed stopper, the thick part of the cylindrical expandable body is formed in a hollow interior; A device for crushing rock, etc., characterized by having an elastic resin body softer than a cylindrical expandable body or an appropriate liquid sealed therein.