JPH0421787B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a method for statically crushing rock, concrete, etc. by inserting it into a hole drilled in the rock, concrete, etc.

(Prior art and its problems) Conventionally, the most common method for rock crushing is the blasting method, but this method causes noise,
Vibrations are generated and have a negative impact on the surrounding environment.
Furthermore, dust is generated, which causes deterioration of the underground working environment. Therefore, there is a need for a static rock crushing method that generates less noise, vibration, and dust.

Recently, as a method of this kind, a cement-based filler is filled into holes drilled in the rock, and the filler is expanded through a chemical reaction, and the rock is statically crushed by the expansion pressure. However, this construction method has drawbacks such as poor work efficiency due to the long reaction time of the cement filler, and moreover, it is economically expensive.

There is also a method of crushing rocks by inserting a wedge into a hole drilled in the rock, but although it is possible to crush a part of the rock or a small section of rock, it is difficult to crush a large amount of rock, which is similar to the blasting method. Blasting is unsuitable because it takes too much time, and the construction period is significantly increased, resulting in high costs. Furthermore, there is a problem that depending on the strength of the rock, it may not be possible to crush it.

On the other hand, by inserting a cylindrical elastic expandable body fitted onto a metal rod or a cylindrical elastic body into a hole drilled in a rock, the cylindrical elastic expandable body is expanded by hydraulic pressure, or the cylindrical elastic expandable body is expanded by hydraulic pressure. Devices have been developed that use the expansion pressure to crush rock by compressing the body in the length direction and expanding and deforming it in the outer radial direction. A large hydraulic pressure and compressive force are required to fracture the rock by the expansion pressure of the cylindrical elastic body.

(Object of the Invention) The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and uses a combination of hydraulic pressure and compressive deformation pressure to generate high pressure inside the cylindrical elastic expansion body. This provides a static crushing method for crushing rock, etc. by expanding the body.

(Structure of the Invention) In order to achieve the above object, the method for statically crushing rock, etc. of the present invention provides stoppers at both ends of a metal rod, and a cylindrical elastic expansion mechanism on the metal rod between these stoppers. The inner circumference of both ends of the cylindrical elastic expandable body is brought into close contact with the metal rod, and the liquid press-in hole bored in the center of the metal rod is inserted into the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical elastic expandable body. After inserting the crushing device, which is connected to a hydraulic chamber formed between the circumferential surface and the outer circumferential surface of the metal rod, into a hole drilled in rock, etc.
By pressurizing a liquid such as water into the hydraulic pressure chamber through the liquid injection hole, the cylindrical elastic expansion body is expanded by the liquid pressure and brought into close contact with the inner peripheral wall of the drilled hole, and the desired liquid pressure is applied to the cylindrical elastic expansion body. After filling and enclosing the expandable body, the supply of liquid is stopped, and then the stopper is moved in the approaching direction to compress the cylindrical elastic expandable body in the length direction and expand it in the outer radial direction. It is characterized by crushing the cylindrical elastic expandable body by enclosing and accumulating a desired hydraulic pressure in the cylindrical elastic expandable body, and then compressing the cylindrical elastic expandable body in the length direction. The cylindrical elastic expander is expanded in the outer radial direction by generating high pressure, and the rock layer can be easily crushed.

(Description of Embodiments) Embodiments of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings.
is a metal bar made of steel bar material, with a screw 2 formed on the outer peripheral surface of one end thereof, and a liquid press-in hole 3 extending from the center of the other end surface to the middle of the metal bar 1 in the axial direction. The tip of the liquid press-in hole 3 is formed into an opening 4 on the outer circumferential surface of the central portion of the metal rod 1 in the longitudinal direction.

Reference numeral 5 denotes a cylindrical elastic expandable body made of a relatively thick rubber tube, and inner cylindrical parts 6, 6 each having a shape that is folded back and bent toward the inner circumferential surface are integrally provided at the openings at both ends thereof.

The metal rod 1 is inserted into the cylindrical elastic expandable body 5 so that both ends of the metal rod 1 protrude from both ends of the cylindrical elastic expandable body 5. The inner circumferential surfaces of the cylindrical portions 6, 6 are brought into close contact with the outer circumferential surface of the metal rod body 1 due to their elastic force.

7 is the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical elastic expandable body 5 and the metal rod body 1
A hydraulic pressure chamber having an annular cross section is formed between the outer circumferential surfaces of the hydraulic pressure chamber 7 and the liquid pressure injection hole 3 is communicated with the hydraulic pressure chamber 7.

Reference numerals 8 and 9 denote a fixed stopper and a movable stopper made of countersunk washers, which are inserted from one end and the other end of the metal rod 1, respectively, so that their inner inclined surfaces are connected to the end surface of the cylindrical elastic expansion body 5, that is, the inner cylinder portion 6. , 6 and the continuous wall portion 5a
It is brought into contact with and received by the outer end surface of. Note that the continuous wall portion 5a is formed thicker than the cylindrical elastic expansion body 5 and the inner cylinder portion 6.

Numeral 10 is a nut-shaped stopper screwed onto the screw 2 at one end of the metal rod 1, which receives the fixed stopper 8 and fixes it in that position.

Reference numeral 11 denotes a short cylindrical moving fitting that is slidably inserted into the outer periphery of the metal rod 1 from the other end of the metal rod 1. One end surface of the metal rod 11 is brought into contact with the movable stopper 9, and the metal rod 1 is moved by both the stoppers 8 and 9. A cylindrical elastic expandable body 5 is sandwiched therebetween.

Reference numeral 12 denotes a connecting pipe connected to and communicated with the liquid press-in hole 3 on the other end surface of the metal rod 1;
via a liquid pressure pump (not shown).

14 is a center hole jack whose center hole is fitted and attached to the other end of the metal rod 1;
The cylindrical pressing member 15 fitted onto the metal rod 1 is pressed against the movable fitting 11, and the pressing force of the center hole jack 14 is transmitted to the movable stopper 9 via the movable fitting 11. .

In the above configuration, the stopper 10 may be fixed to the metal rod 1 by welding or the like without being screwed together, or the stopper 8,
9 was formed into a dish shape, but as shown in Fig. 4,
The conical inner fixed stopper 8a whose back surface is received by the stopper 10 is bitten into the inner cylinder part 6 of the cylindrical elastic expandable body 5, and the elastic expandable body 5 is fitted over the outer periphery of the inner fixed stopper 8a. The large-diameter outer fixed stopper 8b receives the end surface of the inner cylindrical portion 6, while the movable stopper 9 receives the end surface of the inner cylindrical portion 6. The conical portion 9b that bites into the portion 6 may be integrally formed. Further, the shape of the fixed stopper may be an integral part of a circular flat plate part and a conical part.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5, the elastic expandable body 5 is provided with conical slits 16 extending obliquely outward from the inner circumferential surface at both ends of the thick elastic cylindrical body. The inner cylindrical portion 6 may be formed by the portion.

In the figure, reference numeral 17 denotes a protective material coated on the outer circumferential surface of the elastic expandable body 5 as required, and is configured to be expandable and contractible in the inner and outer directions.

(Function) To explain the method of crushing rock mass a using the rock crushing device configured as described above, first, a circular hole b having a diameter slightly larger than that of the crushing device is drilled into the rock mass a to be crushed. to be drilled.

Next, after inserting the crushing device into the circular hole b,
When the liquid pressure pump connected to the connecting pipe 12 via piping (not shown) is driven, liquid such as water is forced into the liquid pressure chamber 7 through the liquid pressure injection hole 3, filling it up, and the cylindrical elastic expandable body 5 When it begins to expand, it comes into contact with the inner circumferential wall of the circular hole b, eliminating the gap c within the circular hole b. At this time, the elastic expandable body 5 also tries to expand in its longitudinal direction, but this expansion is stopped by the stoppers 8 and 9.
is prevented by Also, since the hydraulic pressure suddenly increases, the valve 13 is closed.

When the pressure inside the hydraulic chamber 7 increases, the elastic expandable body 5
Hydraulic pressure acts on the outer circumferential surfaces of the inner cylindrical parts 6, 6 at both ends of the metal rod 1, so that the inner cylindrical parts 6, 6 are firmly brought into close contact with the outer periphery of the metal rod 1, thereby achieving a reliable seal.

After filling the liquid in the hydraulic chamber 7 in this way, the center hole jack 14 is operated to press the pressing member 1.
When the movable fitting 11 is pushed forward through the movable stopper 5, the movable stopper 9 moves toward the fixed stopper 8, and the elastic inflatable body 5 held between these stoppers 8 and 9 is moved.
The liquid in the hydraulic pressure chamber 7 is subjected to pressure, and in particular, since the liquid is incompressible, its pressure increases. This increased pressure causes the elastic expandable body 5 to expand in the outer diameter direction, and the expansion pressure is applied to the inner circumferential wall of the circular hole b.

Further, from this state, the center hole jack 14 is operated to increase the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic pressure chamber 7, and when the pressure reaches the strength of the rock or higher, the rock is cracked and fractured.

The diameter of the circular hole b drilled in the rock mass a is such that the crushing device of the present invention can be easily inserted, that is, a small gap is created between the circular hole b and the crushing device, and During rock crushing, the stoppers 8 and 9 that restrain the expansion of the elastic expandable body 5 in the longitudinal direction expand elastically in the outer radial direction when the stoppers 8 and 9 are dish-shaped, but the outer circumferential surface thereof is shaped like a circular hole b. The diameter is such that it touches the inner circumferential wall of the tube.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the rock crushing method of the present invention, stoppers are provided at both ends of a metal rod, and a cylindrical elastic expandable body is fitted onto the metal rod between these stoppers. The inner peripheral surface of both ends of the cylindrical elastic expandable body is brought into close contact with the metal rod, and the liquid press-in hole bored in the center of the metal rod is connected to the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical elastic expandable body and the metal rod. After inserting the crushing device, which is connected to a hydraulic pressure chamber formed between the outer peripheral surfaces of the rods, into a hole drilled in rock, etc., first, a liquid such as water is introduced into the hydraulic pressure chamber through the liquid injection hole. By press-fitting, the cylindrical elastic expandable body is expanded by its hydraulic pressure and brought into close contact with the inner circumferential wall of the perforated hole, so a relatively large hydraulic pressure greater than the elastic pressure of the elastic material is applied inside the cylindrical elastic expandable body. It can be easily supplied and stored using a low-pressure pump.

In this way, after the desired liquid pressure is filled and sealed in the cylindrical elastic expandable body, the supply of liquid is stopped, and then the stopper is moved in the approaching direction to compress the cylindrical elastic expandable body in the length direction. Since the liquid sealed inside the cylindrical elastic expandable body is incompressible, high pressure is generated inside the cylindrical elastic expandable body by the compressive force in the length direction of the cylindrical elastic expandable body. Therefore, it is possible to generate a large expansion pressure in the cylindrical elastic expansion body with a relatively small compression force, thereby easily and reliably crushing rock.

Further, according to the crushing method of the present invention, the crushing work can be carried out quickly and the working environment can be improved without generating noise or vibration.Furthermore, since this crushing device can be reused, the crushing work can be carried out quickly. can be done efficiently and economically.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a longitudinal side view of the main part thereof, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are cross-sectional views taken along lines A-A and B-B in FIG. FIG. 4 is a longitudinal side view showing another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a longitudinal side view showing another embodiment of the elastic expandable body. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...Metal rod, 3...Liquid press-in hole, 5...Elastic expansion body, 6, 6...Inner cylinder part, 7...Liquid pressure chamber, 8...Fixed stopper, 9...Movable stopper, 14...Center hole jack.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A stopper is provided at both ends of the metal rod, and a cylindrical elastic expansion body is fitted onto the metal rod between these stoppers, so that the inner peripheral surface of both ends of the cylindrical elastic expansion body is brought into close contact with the metal rod. , and a crushing device in which a liquid injection hole drilled in the center of the metal rod is communicated with a hydraulic chamber formed between the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical elastic expansion body and the outer circumferential surface of the metal rod. is inserted into a hole drilled in rock, etc., and then a liquid such as water is forced into the hydraulic pressure chamber through the liquid injection hole, and the cylindrical elastic expandable body is expanded by the liquid pressure to fill the hole. After the cylindrical elastic expandable body is brought into close contact with the inner circumferential wall and the desired liquid pressure is filled and enclosed within the cylindrical elastic expandable body, the supply of liquid is stopped, and then the stopper is moved in the approaching direction to move the cylindrical elastic expandable body in the length direction. A method for statically crushing rock, etc., characterized by crushing rock, etc. by expanding it in the outer diameter direction while compressing it.