JPH0418771B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) This invention provides a system that can automatically measure the condition of a bottom hole in order to improve the workability and excavation accuracy of an excavator that forms a bottom hole. This invention relates to a bottom hole measuring device for a bottom hole excavator.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, when constructing cast-in-place piles in the ground, the lower end of the pillar portion of the pile is enlarged to increase the supporting capacity.

And as a machine for digging pile wells with expanded bottoms to form such cast-in-place piles,
For example, a divided bucket type rotary excavation device as shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-21079 has been proposed.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) However, conventionally, when digging a bottom hole with a bottom hole excavator, there was no way to accurately know the depth, the amount of expansion of the bottom hole, etc. Most of the time, they relied on the intuition of their staff.

For this reason, in order to accurately form an expanded bottom shaft, a skilled worker is required, and there are limits to improving workability and efficiency.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above problems, in the present invention, a plurality of cutter units are freely opened and closed around the central axis of a bucket connected to the lower end of the rotary shaft to excavate an expanded bottom shaft. An expansion amount detector using an encoder is provided on a shaft that interlocks with the opening and closing of the cutter unit of the bucket, and a transmitter having a transmitting antenna is provided on a base that rotates together with the rotating shaft. , a lowering amount detector for detecting the lowering amount of the bucket belt is provided, and a receiver having a receiving antenna is provided near the rotation axis, and this receiver detects the detected value of the expansion amount of the cutter unit and the lowering amount of the bucket belt. A bottom hole measuring device for a bottom hole excavator is configured to receive a signal of a detected value.

(Function) The expansion amount detector and descent amount detector described above can automatically detect the expansion state of the bottom mine and its depth.
The receiver can receive the detection information and know its contents.

Therefore, while checking the detection information, the worker
By performing excavation work, it is possible to easily form an enlarged bottom shaft with high precision.

In addition, since the expansion amount detector and descent amount detector must be attached to a bucket or rotating shaft, transmitting these detection signals by wire requires a rotary connector such as a slip ring, which reduces noise. This may cause contamination or failure, so in the present invention, the above problem is solved by providing a transmitter on the rotating part including the rotating shaft and transmitting the detection information using a wireless signal.

(Example) FIG. 1 shows the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention.

The expansion amount detector 1 is attached to a bucket 101 of a bottom expansion mine excavator 100 shown in FIG.

The bucket 101 is attached to the lower end of a kelly bar 112 that is suspended from a crane boom 111 of a crawler crane 110 so as to be able to rise and fall freely.
By rotating the Kelly bar 112 by a rotation drive device 114 fixed to the arm 113, the bucket 101 rotates together with the Kelly bar 112. That is, the Kelly bar 112 is
01's rotation axis.

As shown in FIG. 3, the bucket 101 is equipped with a plurality of cutter units 102, and these cutter units 102 are connected to an outer cylinder 107 and an inner cylinder by arms 103 to 106 that constitute a pantograph mechanism. 108.

A hydraulic cylinder 109 is installed inside the outer cylinder 107 and the inner cylinder 108. When the hydraulic cylinder 109 contracts, the inner cylinder 108 moves upward, the pantograph mechanism opens, and the cutter unit 102 expands. is configured to open.

As shown in FIG. 2, a well 2 of a desired depth is drilled into the ground 300 using an earth drill or the like in advance.
00, the bucket 101 is lowered into the well 200 with the cutter unit 102 contracted, and set at the _A1 position in the figure.

From this state, the Kelly bar 112 is rotated to rotate the bucket 101, and the cutter unit 102 is gradually expanded, and
The bucket 101 is also lowered.

As a result of this operation, the bottom of the well 200 is excavated in a conical shape to form an expanded bottom hole 201 (the bucket 101 is in the _A2 position).

The expansion amount detector 1 detects the expansion amount of the cutter unit 102,
As shown in FIG. 1, an encoder (rotary encoder) 2 is provided.

This expansion amount detector 1, as shown in FIG.
a mounting shaft 103a of one of the arms 103;
The encoder 2 is attached at a position where it can be linked to the shaft 3 (using a chain, gears, etc.).

Therefore, as the pantograph mechanism including the arm 103 expands, the mounting shaft 103a rotates, so the output of the encoder 2 becomes a signal representing the amount of expansion of the cutter unit 102.

The detection signal S ₁ of the expansion amount detector 1 is sent to the transmitter 20 via the code 5 . The cord 5 passes through a shackle 7 fixed at an appropriate position on the bucket 101, is wound around a cord reel 6, and then connected to a transmitter 20.
The length of the cord 5 can be expanded and contracted as the bucket is raised and lowered.

Further, the origin switch 4 shown in FIG. 1 is for resetting the detection value of the expansion amount detector 1.
When the cutter unit 101 contracts to a preset maximum position, it is turned on by mechanical force and resets the detected value.

For example, as shown in FIG.
It is installed on a pedestal 23 that rotates together with the pedestal 12. Although the base 23 rotates together with the Kelly bar 112, it is supported using a fixed bearing or the like so that it remains in a fixed position even when the Kelly bar 112 is lowered.

A descent amount detector 10 is attached to the pedestal 23. This fall amount detector 10 is composed of a rotary encoder that detects the amount of rotation of a reel 12 that winds up a wire 11 whose tip is fixed to a bucket belt 101. When the wire 11 expands as the bucket belt 101 descends, The reel 12 rotates and a detection signal _S2 corresponding to the amount of bucket drop is output.

The origin switch 21 shown in FIG. 1 is for resetting the detected value of the descent amount detector 10, and is turned on by mechanical force when the bucket 101 rises to a preset uppermost position. Then, the detected value is reset.

The transmitter 20 transmits a detection signal _S1 of the expansion amount of the cutter unit 102 detected by the expansion amount detector 1.
Then, the detection signal S ₂ of the amount of descent of the bucket 101 detected by the amount of descent detector 10 is converted into an electromagnetic wave signal and transmitted from the transmitting antenna 22 .

This transmitting antenna 22 is also installed so as to rotate together with the Kelly bar 112.

and a non-rotating part of the crawler crane 110, for example, the arm 113 near the transmitter 20.
A receiving antenna 31 is attached to the top of the transmitting antenna 22, and receives electromagnetic wave signals transmitted from the transmitting antenna 22.

The received signal received by the receiving antenna 31 is subjected to signal processing (detection, amplification, etc.) by the receiver 30, and then
A detection signal S ₁ indicating the amount of expansion of the cutter unit and a detection signal S ₂ indicating the amount of descent of the bucket are extracted and input to the computer unit 40 .

The computer unit 40 is a color CRT7
0, the DC/AC converter 50, and the switch box 80 are installed in the cockpit of the crawler crane 110.

The DC/AC converter 50 converts the DC power of a battery 60 mounted on the crawler crane 110 into AC power, and supplies the AC power to the computer unit 40, color CRT 70, and receiver 30.

The computer unit 40 outputs the input detection signal _S1 of the amount of expansion of the cutter unit and the detection signal _S2 of the amount of descent of the bucket to the color CRT 70.
Perform processing to display on.

A screen as shown in FIG. 4 is displayed on the color CRT 70. This display is displayed by turning on the reference set button 81 of the switch box 80 after lowering the bucket 101 to the bottom of the well 200.

The display contents are a pictorial display of the well 200 and the bucket pit 101, a numerical display of the descent amount of the bucket pit 101, that is, the depth position (indicated by "Fukasa" in the figure), and a numerical display of the diameter of the bottom expansion shaft. (In the figure, it is displayed as "Kakuteikei"), the numerical display of the diameter of the bucket (indicated as "Bucket" in the figure), and the scale of "Fukasa" (displayed on the left side of the figure). There is).

Then, when the excavation work of the bottom expansion shaft 201 is started, based on the detection signals S ₁ and S ₂ , "Fukasa",
The display of "baketto" and "kakuteikei" is changed, and the position and size of the pictorial display 101a of bucketto also change. Further, the pictorial display 201a of the expanded bottom shaft 201 also expands as the bucket expands.

Therefore, while looking at the above screen, the worker can check whether the area around the pictorial display 201a of the bottom-expanding shaft is the setting line 201.
By drilling until it matches b,
The expanded bottom shaft 201 can be formed as designed.

After completing the work, turn on the end button 82 of the switch box 80 and the color CRT 7
The screen display of 0 is cleared.

It is also possible to detect the position of the bucket 101 in the well 200 (the amount of eccentricity with respect to the center of the well) from the amount of expansion of the cutter unit 102.

(Effects of the Invention) As explained in detail above, the present invention provides a detector that electrically detects the amount of descent of the bucket of the bottom-expanding tunnel excavator and the amount of expansion of the cutter, and By installing a transmitter that transmits the detection signal as an electromagnetic wave signal, it is possible to automatically detect the expansion state of the bottom mine and its depth, and the receiver can receive the detection signal and read its contents. You can know.

Therefore, while checking the detection information, the worker
By performing excavation work, it is possible to easily form an enlarged bottom shaft with high precision.

In addition, since the expansion amount detector and descent amount detector need to be attached to a bucket or rotating shaft, a rotary connector such as a slip ring is required to transmit these detection signals by wire. However, in the present invention, the above problems can be solved by providing a transmitter on the rotating part including the rotating shaft and transmitting the detection information using a wireless signal. can.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a side view showing an example of an extended bottom pit excavator to which the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 is applied, and Fig. 3 is a side view of an example of an extended bottom pit excavator to which the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 is applied. FIG. 4, an enlarged cross-sectional view of the bucket part, is a diagram showing an example of the contents of the screen displayed on the color CRT shown in FIG. 1. 1... Expansion amount detector, 2... Encoder, 4... Origin switch, 5... Code, 10... Lowering amount detector,
20... Transmitter, 21... Origin switch, 22... Transmitting antenna, 30... Receiver, 31... Receiving antenna,
40...Computer unit, 50...DC/AC converter, 70...Color CRT, 80...Switchbox, 100...Bottom hole excavator, 101...Bucket, 102...Cutter unit, 103-10
6...Arm, 103a...Mounting shaft, 109...Hydraulic cylinder, 110...Crawler crane, 112...Kelly bar (rotating shaft), 114...Rotary drive device, S ₁
… (Cutter unit) expansion amount detection signal, S ₂ …
(bucket) descent detection signal.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A bucket for excavating a bottom mine is constructed by freely opening and closing a plurality of cutter units around the central axis of a bucket connected to the lower end of the rotary shaft, and an encoder is used on the shaft that interlocks with the opening and closing of the cutter units of this bucket. A transmitter having a transmitting antenna is provided on a pedestal that rotates together with the rotating shaft, and a lowering amount detector for detecting the lowering amount of the bucket is provided, and a receiver is provided near the rotating shaft. An expanded bottom mine for a bottom mine excavator, characterized in that a receiver having an antenna is provided, and the receiver receives signals of a detected value of the expansion amount of the cutter unit and a detected value of the descent amount of the bucket. Measuring device.