JPH0435303B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a machine tool used as a tapping machine, a drilling machine, etc.

(Prior Art) As a tapping machine or a drilling machine equipped with a spindle device, there is known a machine disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 44101/1983 for performing predetermined machining on a workpiece.

This machine tool is equipped with a Z table that moves in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the X table on an X table that is movable laterally, a guide rail that is erected on this Z table, and a vertical movement of this guide rail. A spindle device is attached to the Y table, and the spindle device is moved by the movement of each table in accordance with the machining position of the workpiece.

It is also necessary to replace the tools attached to the spindle device depending on the type of machining. For this reason, in the above-mentioned device, a tool magazine is provided in which a large number of tools are stored in a horizontally moving column, and the tools stored in this tool magazine and the tools held in the tracking unit of the spindle device are and are exchanged using an exchange device.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In the conventional machine tool described above, a guide rail that extends in the vertical direction is provided, and the Y table is moved up and down along this guide rail, and the tool magazine is moved up and down. Both the installation location and the changing device must be arranged to avoid the guide rails, which increases the distance between the spindle device and the tool magazine, and the swivel arm of the changing device also needs to be long. Rapid replacement is not possible, and the machine tool itself becomes larger and heavier.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an arm that rotates in a vertical plane instead of the Y table, a spindle device is attached to this arm, and a spindle device is attached to the tip of the spindle device. The tools are transferred between the chucking unit and the tool magazine using a changing device attached to the machine tool.

That is, a support is provided on the Z table, and a spindle device is provided at one end of an arm that rotates in a vertical plane on the front surface of the support, while an exchange arm of an exchange device is provided between the support and the tool magazine. In addition, the tool magazine and the exchange arm are provided on the same X table.

(Function) Since the arm rotates and the chucking unit of the spindle device attached to the arm exchanges tools at the position closest to the tool magazine, the tool exchange device can be made smaller, allowing quick exchange and reducing weight. It can be reduced.

At this time, by providing the tool magazine for tool exchange and the exchange arm of the exchange device on the X table, it is possible to further simplify the operation of positioning to the exchange position during tool exchange.

(Example) Examples of the present invention will be described below based on the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a front view of a machine tool according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a front view of a machine tool according to the present invention;
The figure is a side view of the same machine tool, and Fig. 3 is a plan view of the same machine tool.
A motor 4 is provided on the bed 1, and a part of the X table 3 is screwed into a ball screw 5 rotated by the motor 4. It is designed to reciprocate along the rail 2.

Further, a rail 6 is provided on the upper surface of the X table 3, and a Z table 7 is engaged with this rail 6. A part of this Z table 7 is screwed into a ball screw 9 rotated by a motor 8 fixed to the X table 3, and when the motor 8 is driven, the Z table 7 moves along the rail 6, that is, in the horizontal plane.
It is designed to reciprocate in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the table 3.

A support body 10 is integrally provided upwardly on the Z table 7, and a rotation arm 12 is rotated in a vertical plane by a rotation motor 11 fixedly installed in the support body 10. A spindle device 13 is attached to one end of the swing arm 12,
A support part 14 is received on the back side of the end of the arm 12, and a support ring 15 for receiving the support part 14 is provided on the front surface of the support body 10 around the swing motor 11 to prevent the swing arm 12 from falling during work. .

On the other hand, a spindle motor 16 for rotating the spindle shaft of the spindle device 13 is attached to the back side of the support body 10, and a fixing device for supporting the workpiece W to be processed by the spindle device 13 is attached to the front part of the bed 1. A bed 17 is provided, a control box 18 with an operation panel is provided at the rear of the bed 1, and a coolant unit 19 is placed on the floor below the control box 18.

A support arm 20 extends obliquely upward from the X-table 3 as shown in FIG. 22 is rotatably supported. The tool magazine 22 removably holds a plurality of different tools arranged around it at regular intervals. Further, an exchange arm 23 forming a part of the exchange device is attached to the tip of the support arm 20, and the exchange arm 23 is rotated in a vertical plane by a motor 24 disposed behind the exchange arm 23.

Next, the structures of the swing motor 11, swing arm 12, and spindle device 13 will be explained based on FIGS. 4 to 6.

The rotation motor 11 has a cylindrical fixed member 110.
A direct drive motor is adopted in which a rotating member 111 having the same cylindrical shape is provided inside, and a fixed member 110 is attached to the support body 10, and the rotating member 1
A rotating arm 12 is attached to 11. An annular disk 121 made of a plate spring or the like is attached to the back side of the swing arm 12 by a screw 120.
A fixing device 122 is provided on the support body 10 side to clamp the annular disk 121 and fix the swing arm 12 at a predetermined position. This fixing device 122 consists of a catch 123 against which the back side of the disk 121 comes into contact, and a pressing piece 124 that holds the disc 121 between the catching seat 123.
The rod 126 is provided at the tip of the rod 126 which is biased in the clamping direction by
By pushing 26 forward, the clamping state of the disk 121 is released, and rotation of the swing arm 12 becomes possible. In this embodiment, since the disk 121 is made of a temporary spring, by clamping the disk 121, rotation of the swing arm 12 is reliably prevented from falling.

Further, the spindle motor 16 is attached to the back side of the support body 10 via a support plate 160,
The front part of this support plate 160 is a cylindrical part 161, and this cylindrical part 161 is inserted into a coolant joint 162 attached to the swing arm 12 side.
The support plate 160 is rotatable relative to the support plate 160.
Coolant flow paths 163 and 164 are formed in the coolant joint 162 and communicate with each other.

The base end of a spindle motor shaft 165 rotated by the spindle motor 16 is rotatably supported in the support plate 160, and the distal end of the spindle motor shaft 165 is connected to the rotating arm 1.
It is rotatably supported within 2. A pulley 16 is attached to the tip of the spindle motor shaft 165.
6 is fitted on the pulley 166 and the pulley 1 fitted on the spindle shaft 131 of the spindle device 13.
A timing belt 167 is stretched between 32 and transmits the rotation of the spindle motor 16 to the spindle device 13. Note that there is also a flow path 16 of the coolant joint 162 in the swing arm 12.
A coolant flow path 127 communicating with 4 is formed.

The structure of the spindle device 13 is shown in the fifth enlarged view.
As shown in the figure, a case 130 protruding forward is fixed to the swing arm 12, and a cylindrical spindle shaft 131 is rotatably supported within the case 130.
Inside this spindle shaft 131, a main body 134 of a chucking unit 133 and a coolant joint 1 are connected.
There are 35.

The cooling unit body 134 and the coolant joint 135 have coolant passages 136 and 13.
7 is formed, and the flow path 137 of the coolant joint 135 communicates with the flow path 127 of the swing arm 12 via a flow path 139 formed in the rotary joint 138 and a tube (not shown), and The flow path 136 communicates with an annular liquid chamber 141 provided at the front end of the spindle shaft 131 via a flow path 140 formed in the spindle shaft 131 . An annular piston 142 is slidably provided within this liquid chamber 141.

On the other hand, the tracking unit 133
34 and an outer cylinder 1 attached to the outer periphery of this main body 134
43, a tapered recess 144 that expands toward the front is formed at the tip of the main body 134, and a radial through hole 145 is formed at the tip of the main body 134. A steel ball 146 is held therein. Further, the outer cylinder 143 has a flange portion 147 and is urged forward by a spring 148.

Here, the outer cylinder 143 is urged forward not only by the elastic force of the spring 148 but also by the annular piston 142. In other words, the liquid chamber 141 provided in the spindle shaft 131 has flow paths 163, 164, 127, 13.
A portion of the coolant supplied from the coolant unit 19 is supplied through the pistons 140 and 140, and the hydraulic pressure of this coolant causes the piston 142 to
Since the annular piston 142 is designed to push forward, the annular piston 142 is forced into the liquid chamber 1 by the elastic force of the spring 148.
The outer cylinder 1 is urged forward by the force of the hydraulic pressure of 41.
43 is strongly pushed forward, and as the outer cylinder 143 moves forward, the steel ball 146 strongly engages with the hole 151 provided in the tapered part of the tool holder 150, and the tool holder 150 is held by the chucking unit 133. and hold it securely.

In the above process, in order to process the workpiece W by tapping or the like, the workpiece W is fixed on the fixing table 17, and the motors 4, 8, and 11 are driven in accordance with the processing position of the workpiece W. Here, the horizontal movement of the spindle device 13 is driven by the motor 4, and the forward and backward movement is driven by the motor 8.
Further, vertical movement is performed by driving the motor 11. Note that the spindle device 13 will be moved in the lateral direction by the drive of the motor 11, but this amount is calculated in advance and the amount of drive of the motor 4 is adjusted.

Here, the tool is always held in the tool holder 150, and the tool can be exchanged between the tool magazine 22 and the spindle device 13 together with the tool holder 150 as follows.

That is, the rotation center O ₁ of the exchange arm 23 is located on a line connecting the rotation center O ₂ of the swing arm 12 and the rotation center O ₃ of the tool magazine 22,
The position where the tool (tool holder) is replaced is approximately clockwise from the position of the swing arm 12 shown in Figure 1.
The position is rotated by 45 degrees, that is, the position where the tracking unit 133 of the spindle device 13 is closest to the tool magazine 22.

To remove the tool holder 150 from the chucking unit 133, the exchange arm 23 is fitted into the groove 152 of the tool holder 150 as shown in FIG. Then, the cam 23a provided on the exchange arm 23 comes into contact with the outer cylinder 143, and the outer cylinder 1
43 is pushed backward against the spring 148, and the steel ball 146 is attached to the tool holder 15.
0 through the hole 151, and in this state, pull out the tool holder 150 forward. Next, the new tool holder 150 is rotated together with the arm 23 and brought to the position of the chucking unit 133, and is gripped by the chucking unit 133 by the reverse operation.

(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, according to the present invention, an arm that rotates in a vertical plane is used instead of the conventional Y table, a spindle device is provided on this arm, and the spindle device controls the rotation of the arm. Therefore, the tool exchange position is the position closest to the tool magazine, and the tool magazine for tool exchange and the exchange arm of the exchange device are installed on the same X table, so that the tool magazine, exchange arm, and spindle When setting the three parts of the device to the exchange position, the number of axial movements can be omitted. Therefore, the changing device can be miniaturized, tools can be changed quickly, and many other effects can be achieved.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a front view of a machine tool according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a front view of a machine tool according to the present invention;
The figure is a side view of the machine tool, Figure 3 is a plan view of the machine tool, Figure 4 is an enlarged sectional view of the main parts of the machine tool,
5 and 6 are enlarged sectional views of the spindle device. In the drawings, 3 is an X table, 7 is a Z table, 10 is a support body, 11 is a rotation motor, 12 is an arm, 13 is a spindle device, 16 is a spindle motor, 122 is a fixing device, 131 is a spindle shaft, 133 is a tracking unit, 150 is a tool holder, and 165 is a spindle motor shaft.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An X table that slides in one direction in a horizontal plane, a Z table that is installed on this X table and slides in a direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the X table in a horizontal plane, and
A support provided on the table, an arm in front of the support that rotates in a vertical plane, a spindle device attached to one end of the arm away from the center of rotation, and a spindle device attached to the tip of the spindle device. The tool chuck unit includes a tool chucking unit provided therein, a tool magazine supported on the X-table, and an exchanging device provided with an exchanging arm disposed between the tool magazine and the support body. The tool exchange function is characterized in that the exchange arm is provided on an X table so that tools can be transferred between the tool magazine and the chucking unit at a position where the chucking unit is closest to the tool magazine. Machine Tools.