JPH048168B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a movement and power transmission mechanism for a spindle device used as a tapping machine, a drilling machine, etc.

(Prior Art) As a tapping machine or a drilling machine equipped with a spindle device, there is known a machine disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 44101/1983 for performing predetermined machining on a workpiece.

This machine tool is equipped with a Z table that moves in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the X table on an X table that is movable laterally, a guide rail that is erected on this Z table, and a vertical movement of this guide rail. A spindle device is attached to the Y table, and the spindle device is moved by the movement of each table in accordance with the machining position of the workpiece.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) Not limited to Patent Publication No. 60-44101, machine tools generally move independently in two horizontal directions and vertical directions.
By installing two tables and attaching a spindle device to one of these tables, the position of the spindle device can be varied.

However, the Y table that moves vertically is engaged with a guide rail that extends vertically.
This guide rail protrudes above the Y table. A driving source such as a cylinder unit that moves the Y table up and down is often provided above the guide rail due to space constraints.

The entire machine becomes unstable due to the weight of the guide rail extending above the Y table and the drive source provided above the guide rail. Therefore, if a heavy object is installed at the bottom of the machine, the entire machine becomes heavy and compactness cannot be achieved.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an arm that rotates in a vertical plane in place of the Y table of a conventional machine tool, thereby making the machine more compact. The rotation is performed by a motor equipped with a hollow rotating shaft, and a power transmission mechanism to a spindle device provided at the tip of the swing arm is disposed within this hollow rotating shaft, thereby achieving further compactness.

(Function) A swing drive motor provided inside the support rotates the swing arm to adjust the vertical position of the spindle device, and a spindle motor provided on the back side of the support rotates the spindle shaft.

(Example) Examples of the present invention will be described below based on the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a front view of a machine tool according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a front view of a machine tool according to the present invention;
The figure is a side view of the same machine tool, and Fig. 3 is a plan view of the same machine tool.
A motor 4 is provided on the bed 1, and a part of the X table 3 is screwed into a ball screw 5 rotated by the motor 4. It is designed to reciprocate along the rail 2.

Further, a rail 6 is provided on the upper surface of the X table 3, and a Z table 7 is engaged with this rail 6. A part of this Z table 7 is screwed into a ball screw 9 rotated by a motor 8 fixed to the X table 3, and when the motor 8 is driven, the Z table 7 moves along the rail 6, that is, in the horizontal plane.
It is designed to reciprocate in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the table 3.

The Z table 7 is integrally provided with a support 10 facing upward, and a swing motor 11 fixed in the support 10 allows a swing arm 12 to swing in a vertical plane. A spindle device 13 is attached to one end of the swing arm 12, a support part 14 is received on the back side of the end of the arm 12, and a support ring 15 for receiving the support part 14 is provided on the front surface of the support body 10 around the swing motor 11. This prevents the swing arm 12 from falling during work.

On the other hand, a spindle motor 16 for rotating the spindle shaft of the spindle device 13 is attached to the back side of the support body 10, and a fixed base for supporting the workpiece W processed by the spindle 13 is attached to the front part of the bed 1. 17, a control box 18 with an operation panel is provided at the rear of the bed 1, and a coolant unit 19 is arranged on the floor below the control box 18.

A support arm 20 extends obliquely upward from the X-table 3 as shown in FIG. 22 is rotatably supported. The tool magazine 22 removably holds a plurality of different tools arranged around it at regular intervals. Further, an exchange arm 23 is attached to the tip of the support arm 20, and the exchange arm 23 is rotated in a vertical plane by a motor 24 disposed behind the exchange arm 23.

Here, the rotation center O1 of the exchange arm 23 is set on a line connecting the center O2 of the rotation arm 12 and the rotation center O3 of the tool magazine 22, and the position where the tool is exchanged is changed from the state shown in FIG. The spindle device 13 is located at a position where it has been rotated approximately 45 degrees clockwise, that is, on a line connecting the centers O2 and O3.
This is the position where the center of is located. By doing so, the length of the exchange arm 23 can be made the shortest.

Next, the structures of the swing motor 11, swing arm 12, and spindle device 13 will be explained based on FIGS. 4 to 6.

The rotation motor 11 has a cylindrical fixed member 110.
A direct drive motor is used, which has a hollow rotating shaft 111 that also has a cylindrical shape inside. An annular disk 121 made of a plate spring or the like is attached to the back side of the swing arm 12 by a screw 120, and an annular disk 121 is attached to the support body 10 side.
A fixing device 122 is provided to clamp and fix the swing arm 12 at a predetermined position. This fixing device 1
22 is the catch 12 on which the back side of the disk 121 hits.
3 and this catch seat 123, the pressing piece 124 is provided at the tip of the rod 126 which is biased in the clamping direction by a disc spring 125. By pushing the rod 126 forward against the
1 is released from the clamped state, and rotation of the swing arm 12 becomes possible. In this embodiment, since the disk 121 is made of a leaf spring, by holding the disk 121, the rotation of the swing arm 12 is reliably prevented from falling.

Further, the spindle motor 16 is attached to the back side of the support body 10 via a support plate 160,
The front part of this support plate 160 is a cylindrical part 161, and this cylindrical part 161 is inserted into a coolant joint 162 attached to the swing arm 12 side.
The support plate 160 is rotatable relative to the support plate 160.
Coolant flow paths 163 and 164 are formed in the coolant joint 162 and communicate with each other.

The base end of a spindle motor shaft 165 rotated by the spindle motor 16 is rotatably supported in the support plate 160, and the distal end of the spindle motor shaft 165 is connected to the rotating arm 1.
It is rotatably supported within 2. A pulley 16 is attached to the tip of the spindle motor shaft 165.
6 is fitted, and the pulley 13 fitted to this pulley 166 and the spindle shaft 131 of the spindle device 13
A timing belt 167 is stretched between the two, and the rotation of the spindle motor 16 is transmitted to the spindle device 13. Note that there is also a flow path 164 of the coolant joint 162 in the swing arm 12.
A coolant flow path 127 is formed which communicates with the cooling liquid flow path 127.

The structure of the spindle device 13 is shown in the fifth enlarged view.
As shown in the figure, a case 130 protruding forward is fixed to the swing arm 12, a cylindrical spindle shaft 131 is rotatably supported within this case 130, and a tracking unit 133 is mounted within this spindle shaft 131. Main body 134 and coolant joint 13
5 is set.

The cooling unit body 134 and the coolant joint 135 have coolant passages 136 and 13.
7 is formed, and the flow passage 137 of the coolant joint 135 communicates with the flow conduit 127 of the swing arm 12 via a flow passage 139 formed in the rotary joint 138 and a tube (not shown), and the flow of the cooling unit main body 134 is The passage 136 communicates with an annular liquid chamber 141 provided at the front end of the spindle shaft 131 via a flow path 140 formed in the spindle shaft 131 . An annular piston 142 is slidably provided within the liquid chamber 141.

On the other hand, the tracking unit 133 consists of a main body 134 and an outer cylinder 143 attached to the outer periphery of the main body 134, and a tapered recess 144 that widens forward is formed at the tip of the main body 134.
Furthermore, a radial through hole 145 is provided at the tip of the main body 134.
is formed, and a steel ball 146 is held within this through hole 145. Further, the outer cylinder 143 has a flange portion 147 and is urged forward by a spring 148.

Here, the outer cylinder 143 is urged forward not only by the elastic force of the spring 148 but also by the annular piston 142. In other words, the liquid chamber 141 provided in the spindle shaft 131 has flow paths 163, 164, 127, 13.
A portion of the coolant supplied from the coolant unit 19 is supplied through the pistons 140 and 140, and the hydraulic pressure of this coolant causes the piston 142 to
Since the annular piston 142 is designed to push forward, the annular piston 142 is forced into the liquid chamber 1 by the elastic force of the spring 148.
The outer cylinder 1 is urged forward by the force of the hydraulic pressure of 41.
43 is strongly pushed forward, and as the outer cylinder 143 moves forward, the steel ball 146 strongly engages with the hole 151 provided in the tapered part of the tool holder 150, and the tool holder 150 is held by the chucking unit 133. and hold it securely.

To remove the tool holder 150 from the chucking unit 133, the exchange arm 23 is fitted into the groove 152 of the tar holder 150 as shown in FIG. Then, the cam 23a provided on the exchange arm 23 comes into contact with the outer cylinder 143, and the outer cylinder 1
43 is pushed backward against the spring 148, and the steel ball 146 is attached to the tool holder 15.
The tool holder 150 is made to be able to escape from the zero hole 151, and in this state, the tool holder 150 is pulled out forward.

In the above process, in order to process the workpiece W by tapping or the like, the workpiece W is fixed on the fixing table 17, and the motors 4, 8, and 11 are driven in accordance with the processing position of the workpiece W. Here, the horizontal movement of the spindle device 13 is driven by the motor 4, and the forward and backward movement is driven by the motor 8.
Further, vertical movement is performed by driving the motor 11. Note that the spindle device 13 will be moved in the lateral direction by the drive of the motor 11, but this amount is calculated in advance and the amount of drive of the motor 4 is adjusted.

(Effects of the Invention) According to the machine tool of the present invention, since a swing arm is provided in place of the conventional Y table, the cylinder unit, etc. provided above the guide rail in the vertical direction or the guide rail for vertically moving the Y table, etc. is not required, the center of gravity of the machine tool can be lowered, and compactness can be achieved.

Further, according to the present invention, a motor equipped with a hollow shaft is used as the motor for rotating the swing arm, and a spindle motor shaft for transmitting the rotation of the spindle motor to the spindle device is disposed within the hollow shaft, resulting in an even more compact design. can be achieved.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a front view of a machine tool according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a front view of a machine tool according to the present invention;
The figure is a side view of the machine tool, Figure 3 is a plan view of the machine tool, Figure 4 is an enlarged sectional view of the main parts of the machine tool,
5 and 6 are enlarged sectional views of the spindle device. In the drawings, 3 is an X table, 7 is a Z table, 10 is a support body, 11 is a rotation motor, 12 is an arm, 13 is a spindle device, 16 is a spindle motor, 111 is a hollow rotating shaft, 122 is a fixing device, 131 is a spindle shaft, 133 is a tracking unit, 150 is a tool holder, and 165 is a spindle motor shaft.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A support is provided on a table that moves back and forth, a swing drive motor that rotates an inner hollow shaft is attached to this support, and the front end of the hollow shaft of this swing drive motor is rotated in a vertical plane by the rotation of the hollow shaft. A swing arm is fixed, a spindle device is attached to the tip of the swing arm, and the spindle device and a spindle motor provided on the back side of the support are connected via a power transmission mechanism passing through the hollow shaft of the swing drive motor. 1. A movement and power transmission mechanism for a spindle device, characterized in that the spindle device is connected to each other.