JPH0439964B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[Industrial Application Field] This invention relates to an artificial shiitake mushroom tree used for artificial cultivation of shiitake mushrooms. [Conventional technology] Artificial cultivation of shiitake mushrooms is carried out using shiitake logs, and in recent years, containers such as bottles, bags, and Toro boxes are filled with culture medium material, sterilized, and then inoculated, which is then cultured and grown into a culture medium. This is done by producing fruiting bodies from the top. It has also been practiced to take out a culture medium substrate formed in a container, form it into a mycelial mass, and generate fruiting bodies from the upper surface of this mycelial mass. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The above-mentioned artificial trees are generally bulky and cylindrical as shown in FIG. 8l. However, the yield efficiency of shiitake mushrooms when using such cylindrical artificial trees becomes less efficient as cultivation is repeated. In other words, the above-mentioned cylindrical artificial groves become easily contaminated with harmful bacteria due to repeated cultivation, and at the same time, there is insufficient circulation of air etc. in the center of the cylindrical artificial groves.
The mycelium inside the tree remains without converting into fruiting bodies,
Therefore, the yield efficiency gradually deteriorates. On the other hand, a technique has been proposed in which a bottle with a triangular, trapezoidal or semi-cylindrical cross section is filled with culture substrate material, and after spreading Shiitake mycelia, the material is taken out from the bottle and aged to produce artificial shiitake mushrooms. (Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-18511). The artificial cone obtained in this way has excellent drainage properties and is highly resistant to bacterial contamination. It has problems with distribution, etc., and has the disadvantage that the mycelium in the center remains without being converted into fruiting bodies. The present invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to provide an artificial shiitake mushroom tree that is highly resistant to harmful bacterial contamination and has a high yield efficiency of fruiting bodies. [Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the artificial shiitake mushroom tree of the present invention is an artificial tree consisting of a mycelium mass in which mycelia are spread on a medium base material, and the overall shape is but,
The upper surface has a convex cylindrical or prismatic shape, and the slope from the top of the convex surface to the edge is set at an inclination angle θ of 8° or more and 40° or less, and the cylindrical or prismatic shape has a convex top surface. The thickness t is set to 5 to 10 cm, and the diameter of the cylinder or the maximum side edge length of the prism is 26
The configuration is such that it is set to cm or less. [Effect] That is, the present inventors pursued factors that inhibit the growth of fruiting bodies. As a result, it was found that the above-mentioned conventional cylindrical artificial tree had a problem with water drainage, and therefore had a low resistance to bacterial contamination. In other words, when cultivating shiitake mushrooms, the above-mentioned artificial mulberry tree is
Normally, the lower surface of the cylinder is placed as the bottom surface and cultivation is carried out in that state, but in this case, the upper surface of the artificial mulberry tree is not a smooth surface but is somewhat uneven due to mycelial growth. Therefore, in that recess,
It was discovered that water from water immersion treatment or spraying accumulates, causing bacterial contamination and excessive water absorption. In addition, it was found that the inhibition of the transformation of mycelia into fruiting bodies due to lack of air circulation was greatly influenced by the shape and dimensions of the artificial mulberry tree. In other words, it largely depends on the air circulation, the thickness and diameter of the artificial mulch, etc. Therefore, if the thickness and diameter of the artificial mulberry tree are properly set, sufficient air circulation will be ensured to the inside, and the yield efficiency of fruiting bodies will be improved. The invention has been achieved. Next, this invention will be explained in detail. The artificial shiitake mushroom tree of this invention has a cylindrical or prismatic shape with a convex upper surface, and the slope from the top of the convex surface to the side edge is 8 degrees or more.
The inclination angle θ is set to 40° or less. This ensures drainage of water from the top surface of the artificial tree, and eliminates problems such as bacterial contamination caused by water puddles. Moreover, the thickness t of the cylindrical or prismatic tree of the present invention is set to 5 to 10 cm, and the diameter of the cylindrical shape or the maximum side edge length of the prismatic shape is set to 5 to 10 cm.
The height is set to 26cm or less. This ensures the circulation of air, etc. into the interior of the artificial mulberry tree, resulting in the effect of improving the yield efficiency of fruiting bodies. In addition, as mentioned above, the diameter of the cylinder or the maximum side edge length of the prismatic shape must be set to 26 cm or less, and the slope from the top of the upper surface to the edge must be set to an angle of 8° or more and 40° or less. Combined with this, the above-mentioned water draining properties can be sufficiently ensured. In other words, if the diameter of the cylindrical shape or the maximum side edge length of the prismatic shape exceeds 26 cm, even if the above-mentioned inclination angle θ of the convex surface is set to 8° or more, the drainage performance will be insufficient, and harmful bacterial contamination will occur due to water puddles. It becomes like this. To explain in more detail, the artificial shiitake mushroom tree of the present invention is set, for example, in a shape as shown in FIG. 1, and the cylindrical upper surface is formed as a convex inclined surface. In this case, the angle that the above-mentioned inclined surface makes with the horizontal plane (θ shown in FIG. 2, which is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG. 1)
is preferably set to 10° or more, particularly within the range of 15 to 40°. Note that the slope does not need to be formed in all directions, and as shown in Figure 3,
It may be formed only in two directions. Also, the fourth
As shown in the figure, when the inclined surface is formed by a gently curved surface, the height H of the curved surface portion is set for convenience as shown in FIG. 5, which is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG.
Let θ be the angle that the tangent A of the curved surface makes with the horizontal plane at one-half of the position. In this way, when the upper surface of the mycelial mass 1 is made into a convex inclined surface, especially an inclined surface having the above-mentioned inclination angle,
When watering, the water drains easily and water does not accumulate on the top surface. Moreover, the surface area of the upper surface is larger than that of a simple flat surface, and more sufficient contact with the outside air is achieved. Therefore, the development and growth of fruiting bodies are not impaired due to contamination with harmful bacteria or excessive water absorption, as is the case with conventional artificial mulberry trees.Furthermore, because the contact surface with the outside air is large, it is possible to produce high yields of fruit. You can get substance. In addition, a mycelial mass 1 having a shape as shown in FIG.
It is necessary to set the thickness t of the columnar shape to 5 to 10 cm. That is, by setting the thickness within the above range, all the hyphae inside the hyphae mass 1 can sufficiently contact the outside air through the surface of the hyphae mass, and the hyphae can most effectively be converted into fruiting bodies. be. The resulting fruiting bodies are therefore larger and of higher quality. In particular, it is preferable to set the above-mentioned thickness t to 7 to 9 cm. Within this range, resistance to cultivation environment conditions (temperature, humidity, invasion of various bacteria, etc.) is well exhibited, and the mycelial mass 1 will no longer become too dry or too humid. Further, the mycelium mass 1 needs to have a cylindrical diameter of 26 cm or less, more preferably 18 cm or less. By setting the diameter in this manner, together with the angle of inclination θ of the inclined surface of the convex surface, it is possible to sufficiently prevent the formation of water puddles, and at the same time, ensure the circulation of air to the inside. It is from. In addition, in the artificial tree according to the present invention, the shape of the convex surface on the top surface of the tree is not limited to bilateral symmetry, and there is no problem even if the top of the convex shape is biased to one side. Furthermore, the bottom surface is not limited to a strictly planar shape, and may have some unevenness due to the presence of grooves, steps, etc. The artificial shiitake mushroom tree of this invention can be manufactured, for example, as follows. That is, first, culture medium materials made of sawdust, rice bran, etc. are filled into a culture container 2 having a shape as shown in FIG. 6 and sterilized by heating. Next, the Shiitake mushroom inoculum is inoculated onto the above medium. Then, mycelial culture is carried out, and after the mycelia have sufficiently spread, the mycelial mass 1 is taken out and turned into an artificial tree according to a conventional method. Next, examples will be described together with comparative examples. [Examples 1 to 7, Comparative Examples 1 to 10] As the culture medium used, sawdust (sawdust) and rice bran were used at 10%
parts: 3 parts by mixing and adding water to adjust the water content to 60 to 65% by weight. Then, a predetermined amount of this culture medium was filled into a polypropylene bag formed so that the culture medium could be molded into a predetermined shape, and then pressure-molded (apparent specific gravity of about 0.6). This bagged culture medium was subjected to high-pressure steam sterilization at 121℃ for 90 minutes, and after cooling,
Shiitake mushrooms were inoculated and cultured at 20-25°C.
The medium was then removed from the bag when the mycelium had completely spread within the medium. The shapes of each artificial tree are shown in FIGS. 7a to 7g. Also, as a comparative example,
As a shape outside the scope of this invention, FIG.
The shapes shown in ~q were prepared. Using 30 pieces each of these example products and comparative example products, Shiitake mushrooms were cultivated for 7 months under natural conditions at 10 to 25°C, and the fruiting body yield per ram and the average fruiting body weight per ram were investigated. Ta. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.

【table】

【table】

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, the artificial shiitake mushroom tree of the present invention has a cylindrical or prismatic shape with a convex upper surface, and the slope from the top of the convex surface to the edge is 8°. Since the inclination angle θ is set to 40° or less, drainage after water immersion treatment or watering is good, and no harmful bacterial contamination or the like occurs due to water puddles. Furthermore, the thickness t of the columnar or prismatic shape is set to 5 to 10 cm, and the diameter of the columnar shape or the maximum side edge length of the prismatic shape is set to 26 cm or less, so air, etc. Sufficient distribution is ensured, and as a result, the mycelia inside the mulberry tree are successfully converted into fruiting bodies, and the yield efficiency of the fruiting bodies is increased. Further, by setting the diameter of the columnar shape or the maximum side edge length of the prismatic shape to 26 cm or less, the draining property of the inclination angle θ can be sufficiently exhibited. In other words, if the diameter or the maximum side edge length is too long, sufficient drainage performance cannot be obtained even if the inclination angle θ is set as above, but in this invention, the inclination angle θ is set to 8° or more.
By setting the angle to 40° or less and combining this with setting the diameter of the columnar shape or the maximum side edge length of the prismatic shape to 26cm or less, even if it is a relatively large artificial shiitake mushroom tree, This ensures good drainage and skillfully avoids harmful bacterial contamination caused by water puddles.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing one embodiment of this invention, FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view thereof, FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of this invention, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of this invention. A perspective view showing the embodiment, FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view thereof,
Fig. 6 is a culture vessel used for producing the artificial mulberry tree of the present invention, Fig. 7 a to g are perspective views showing example products of the invention, and Fig. 8 h to q are comparative example products, respectively. FIG. 1...Mycelia mass.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An artificial mulberry tree consisting of a mycelial mass with mycelia spread on a medium substrate, the overall shape of which is cylindrical or prismatic with a convex upper surface;
The slope from the top of the convex surface to the edge is 8° or more
The inclination angle θ is set to 40° or less, the thickness t of the cylindrical or prismatic shape is set to 5 to 10 cm, and the diameter of the cylindrical shape or the maximum side edge length of the prismatic shape is set to 26 cm or less. Features artificial shiitake mushroom tree.