JPH0450279B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a method for producing compost that can effectively promote fermentation of livestock manure, etc., especially in winter. .

[Conventional technology and its problems]

In recent years, due to the lack of organic fertilizers such as compost, arable land has become dilapidated, and the government, various research institutes, and farmers are currently struggling to research and develop effective production methods for such materials. It is.

Therefore, the applicant first stores litter, excrement, etc. in a bag that is permeable in the vertical direction or the entire surface, and then suspends it as appropriate to allow fermentation and rotting of the excrement, etc. in the bag. The company has developed a compost production technology that promotes the production of compost. (Jitsugan 57-28233
(Refer to Utility Model Application No. 128552/1983).

In addition, some compost production methods have been developed in which air is forcibly supplied to the bagged manure stored in a porous side wall (outer cylinder) with a large number of holes (for example, (Refer to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 123883/1983).

However, each of the above methods is based on the conventional technical idea of speeding up the ripening of compost materials such as manure by supplying a large amount of oxygen to the material, and the above-mentioned containers and side walls are made breathable. In both of these cases, the excrement and urine inside the bag is easily affected by external temperature, such as when outside air flows in through the mesh around the side of the bag directly or through the holes in the side wall, and fermentation heat is released. In winter, it was difficult to obtain the desired fermentation temperature, which tended to inhibit the ripening effect.

Furthermore, each of the above methods has the disadvantage that a large amount of bad odor emanates from the container bag or the side wall during compost production.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the compost production method of the present invention sufficiently adsorbs livestock manure, urine, etc. to bedding material such as cut straw or sawdust, and then mixes an appropriate moisture regulating material to maintain a predetermined moisture content. After that, this is divided into air-permeable bags, and a large number of these bags are arranged through suitable ventilation spacers such as drainboards, and they are surrounded on all four sides with non-air-permeable side walls to obtain upward ventilation. The technical feature is that the animal manure, etc. in the bag is fermented and rotten by being stored in a fermenter for a certain period of time.

[Effect]

The present invention is configured as described above, so that the non-ventilated side wall blocks outside air, maintains an appropriate temperature inside the fermenter, and at the same time, the side wall acts as a chimney to prevent the fermenter from entering the fermenter. Rising air circulates evenly through the bag, evaporating excess moisture from the excrement and urine in each of the bags and promoting the activation of aerobic bacteria, which is a special function.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, a more specific description will be given according to the embodiment shown in the drawings. Figures 1 and 2 show an example of a fermenter used in the method of the present invention, and part 1 includes a ventilation spacer made of a slatted floor or blocks, etc. , 2 is a side wall provided on the spacer, which is made of an air-impermeable plate material 2a with open upper and lower surfaces, and allows upward ventilation to flow from the underfloor space formed by the ventilation spacer 1. This is what I did.

Further, 3... is a breathable container for storing animal feces in portions, which is accommodated in the fermenter.

The structure of the container bag 3 is not particularly limited as long as it has adequate air permeability over the entire surface, but for example, in the case of large quantities or heavy livestock manure, the structure shown in FIG. As shown, the main body whose upper and lower edges can be freely opened and closed with fasteners 3a or the like is made of a mesh fabric with a porosity of 20 to 60% made by lathiel knitting or stockinette knitting of synthetic resin monofilament, and A sling 3b and a reinforcing band 3c are sewn in several places.

Furthermore, FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the above-mentioned container bag for storing comparatively light weight or small amounts of excrement and urine, in which the main body made of non-woven fabric with a porosity of 10 to 50% has a top and bottom or at least Mouth string 3 on one side
Either provide an opening that can be opened and closed with d, etc. (see A in the same figure), or
The main body of the bag similar to the above may be made of a perforated synthetic resin sheet with a porosity of 20 to 60%, and reinforcing belts 3e may be provided at both upper and lower edges or at the middle portion (see B of the same figure).

In addition, as shown in Fig. 5, the bag main body may be made of a suitable woven fabric with a porosity of 10 to 60%, and the upper edge may be a drawstring drawstring 3f; While the bag can be opened and closed with a zipper, a gripping piece 3g of an appropriate shape is provided at the bottom of the main body of the bag, and the bag can be carried through an eyelet hole 3h formed through the tip thereof.

In this case, when manufacturing the above-mentioned container bag, for example, the bottom portions of previously cylindrical fabrics are overlapped and sewn together, and the bottom surface including the sewn portion 3i is made flat, so that the bottom surface is formed on both sides of the bottom surface. Sew the base of the triangular piece, and then make an eyelet hole 3 at the tip of the triangular piece.
By providing the gripping pieces 3g through holes such as h, the bag can be sewn very easily and can also be used as a disposable bag.

When producing compost using the above-mentioned equipment, first, the manure is sufficiently adsorbed on the bedding, and then sawdust and other moisture regulating materials are added and mixed to reduce the water content of the manure to 65-70%. After adjusting the amount of excrement to a suitable level, the excrement was stored in the above-mentioned large number of bags and loaded into a fermentation tank, and when they were allowed to ripen, the results showed that the process was smooth in the winter season, in about the same period as in the summer season when using the conventional method. The fermented state was obtained.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the compost manufacturing method of the present invention according to the above configuration, the livestock manure, etc. in the container accommodated in the fermenter is
It is isolated from the outside air by the non-ventilated side wall, so there is no loss of fermentation heat due to the influence of outside temperature.
Not only does it have a reliable composting promotion effect, especially in winter, but it also significantly suppresses the occurrence of bad odors during compost production compared to conventional products. On the other hand, the compost obtained in this way completely eliminates odor and does not feel like excrement or filth, and pests and coliform bacteria are killed by the high temperature during fermentation, causing no public health problems. It brings about remarkable advantages such as complete utilization of livestock manure etc. with suitable equipment.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the compost production apparatus of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a partially cutaway front view showing another embodiment, and Fig. 3 is an example of a container bag made of mesh fabric. The perspective view shown in Figure 4 is a nonwoven fabric [Figure A]
Also, FIG. 5 is a front view showing another embodiment of a bag made of a perforated sheet (FIG. 5B), and FIG. 5 is a front view showing an example of a bag made of woven fabric. In addition, 1 in the diagram...Slatted floor (ventilation spacer),
2...side wall, 3...container bag.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Add and mix an appropriate moisture control material to the bedding that has absorbed livestock excrement, etc. to adjust the moisture content to the specified level, then divide it into air-permeable containers, and then ventilate the many containers. The livestock manure, etc. in the bag is aged by storing it for a certain period of time in a fermentation tank that blocks outside air with an air-impermeable side wall that is open on both the top and bottom through a spacer and allows upward ventilation. A compost production method that allows