JPH0464886B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to an excavator, and particularly to an arrangement structure of an engine, that is, a prime mover, and various equipment.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In construction excavators such as box hoes, an upper revolving body is mounted on a lower traveling body so as to be able to rotate 360 degrees in the horizontal direction, and a working machine, a seat, an engine, etc. are arranged on this upper revolving body. Figure 6 shows the general structure of a conventional excavator of this type.
In the structure in which the upper rotating body 2 is mounted on the lower traveling body 1 so as to be able to rotate 360°, the seat 3 is arranged on the upper surface of the upper rotating body 2, and the engine 4 is
It is installed at the rear of seat 3. 5 is a working machine attached to the front end of the upper revolving structure 2. Therefore, in this conventional excavator, the engine 4 protrudes rearward than the seat 3, and the engine 4
The upper revolving body 2 itself for mounting is also extended so as to protrude rearward.

Note that some crawler type work vehicles that are not swing type have an engine mounted directly below the seat. Additionally, the engines installed in conventional excavators of this type are water-cooled.
For example, in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 59-6572, such a water-cooled engine is placed at the rear of a cabin with seats, and the cooling air from the radiator is taken in from the sides and diagonally from the rear, and the exhaust air is There is a description of one that discharges both diagonally backward and to the side. In this case, the engine is placed approximately in the center in the left-right direction of the aircraft, and a radiator is provided on one side of the engine.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, when the engine 4 protrudes rearward in this way, first of all, the overall length of the aircraft becomes longer, which increases the turning radius. 2, there is a risk that the engine 4 portion will collide with an obstacle, which has the disadvantage that the working range is limited. Furthermore, since the engine 4 is located at the rear of the seat 3, the rear visibility of the operator located on the seat 3 is poor, and this also has the drawback of being subject to operational limitations.

In addition, as mentioned above, conventional excavators are equipped with water-cooled engines, so a radiator must be placed on the side of this engine, making the whole machine larger and reducing work efficiency. There are drawbacks that make it worse. Furthermore, since the cooling air of the radiator is taken in not only from the sides but also from the rear, it is easy to suck in the exhaust air and exhaust air that is discharged to the rear. The disadvantage is that it sometimes sucks in dust. On the other hand, the exhaust air outlets are provided both laterally and at the rear, and for this reason, in particular,
When working near a wall, the wall obstructs the exit direction of the exhaust air, increasing the exhaust resistance, reducing the engine output or increasing the load, and the exhaust air staining the wall surface. There is a drawback. In addition, in the past, cooling of the exhaust muffler has not been considered, and the heat dissipated from the exhaust muffler tends to be trapped inside the bonnet, so the bonnet has to be made large, or the bonnet has to be closed due to the heat. The disadvantage was that it was not possible to store various types of equipment all at once, and it was not possible to make it more compact. This invention is
The object of this invention is to provide a swing-type excavator that eliminates these conventional drawbacks.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a structure in which an upper rotating body rotates in a horizontal direction with respect to a lower traveling body.
Further, in an excavator in which an excavating working machine is pivotally mounted to the front part of the upper revolving structure, a control section is arranged at the rear of the excavating working machine, and a seat and a motor section are arranged at the rear of the operating section, the above-mentioned prime mover is provided. In addition to being placed directly under the seat, this prime mover is an air-cooled engine, and its cooling air blower is placed on one side of the engine in the left-right direction, while the engine's exhaust muffler is placed on the opposite side from the cooling air blower. At the same time,
An outlet of the cooling air taken in from the side blower to cool the engine and the exhaust muffler and an outlet of the exhaust gas of the muffler are provided at the rear, and the hydraulic oil tank of the working machine is located on the opposite side of the engine from the cooling air blower. The hydraulic pump is located on the side, and the hydraulic pump is located between the engine and the hydraulic oil tank on the opposite side of the cooling air blower.

Effects According to the above invention, firstly, in this type of revolving type excavator, the prime mover does not protrude behind the seat, so the turning radius is small, and the prime mover does not move when the upper revolving body turns. There is less risk of colliding with obstacles, so workability is good,
Additionally, there is no motor behind the seat, so rearward visibility is good. In addition, since it is an air-cooled engine, there is no need for large equipment such as a radiator, making the overall structure more compact.Furthermore, since the cooling air is taken in from the cooling air blower placed on the side, there is no need for exhaust gas at the rear. Since wind and dust from the front are not sucked in, and the exhaust air is discharged backward together with exhaust air, there is no inconvenience such as receiving discharge resistance when working near a wall or staining the wall surface.

Furthermore, since this exhaust air cools the exhaust muffler, it is possible to prevent the inside of the bonnet from becoming too hot due to heat dissipation from the muffler.

Furthermore, as mentioned above, the heavy hydraulic oil tank is placed opposite to the side of the engine, resulting in a good left-right weight balance, and the originally high-temperature hydraulic oil tank and pump are placed on the same side as the exhaust muffler. , there is no particular problem even if these are placed close to each other, and this allows the entire structure to be made compact.

Furthermore, there is an effect that the hydraulic oil tank and exhaust muffler can also be cooled by the cooling air. In this case, the pump and cooling air blower face each other with the engine in between, making it more compact, and since the pump and tank are placed close to each other on the same side, the piping between them is short and the pump's suction Can reduce resistance.

Embodiment In FIG. 5, 11 is a crawler traveling device 12
This lower running body 11 is equipped with
An upper rotating body 13 is mounted on the top so that it can rotate 360 degrees in the horizontal direction. 14 is a frame of this upper revolving body 13, and a boom 15, an arm 16, and a bucket 17 are attached to the tip of this frame 14.
An excavating machine 18 consisting of the like is attached.
Similarly, a lever mount 19 is fixed to the upper surface of the front end of the upper revolving body frame 14, and from this lever mount 19, an operating lever 20 for the working machine 18, a travel operating lever 21, etc. protrude. and,
The engine 22 is mounted on the rear part of the upper rotating body frame 14 as in the conventional case, but in this invention,
A seat 24 is placed directly above the engine 22. Conversely, seat 2 when viewed from the side of the aircraft
The engine 22 is placed directly under the engine 4. This engine 22 is an air-cooled diesel engine, so a cooling water system for the engine 22 is unnecessary. 25 is a bonnet surrounding the engine 22, and the seat 24 is mounted on the bonnet 25 via a bracket (not shown).
Further, a canopy frame 26 is attached to protrude upward from the upper surface of the bonnet 25. 27
shows a roof attached to the upper end of the canopy frame 26. Further, 28 is a blade working machine that is attached so as to protrude rearward from the lower traveling body 11.

FIGS. 1 to 3 show the arrangement structure of the engine 22 and other various equipment arranged inside the bonnet 25. As shown in FIGS.

The engine 22 is disposed within the bonnet 25 on one side, that is, on the right side of the fuselage, leaving a space on the opposite side. Therefore, the right side surface of the engine 22 is close to the right side wall 31 of the bonnet 25;
A cooling fan 33 as a cooling air blower that rotates integrally with the flywheel 32 is provided on the side wall 31 side.
is arranged so that cooling air is sucked into the bonnet 25 through the side wall 31 and the opening at the bottom of the bonnet 25. On the opposite side of the cooling fan 33, that is, on the left side of the engine 22,
A muffler 34 for the engine 22 is arranged.
Therefore, the cooling air sucked in by the cooling fan 33 first flows to the left while cooling the engine body, and then cools the muffler 34. In this case, a guide 35 is arranged inside the bonnet 25 to direct the cooling air that has passed around the engine 22 toward the rear, as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the air is discharged to the outside through an air outlet 36 formed at the rear of the bonnet 25. In this case, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG.
I am trying to discharge it from 6 to the rear.

Reference numeral 37 denotes a fuel tank of the engine 22, and this fuel tank 37 is arranged at the rear of the engine 22 and at the upper right corner of the bonnet 25. A cap 38 of the fuel tank 37 protrudes above the bonnet 25. An air cleaner 39 is attached to the right side wall 31 of the bonnet 25, so that air from the engine 22 is sucked from this part.

Next, in the left half space created by arranging the engine 22 closer to the right side inside the bonnet 25 as described above, the cooling fan 3 is first installed.
On the opposite side of 3, a hydraulic pump 41 driven by a crankshaft 40 is arranged. Also, on the left side of the muffler 34, there is a bracket 42.
A battery 43 is disposed in the rear part of the bonnet 25 via the battery 43, and a hydraulic oil tank 44 for hydraulic equipment is disposed in the front side of the battery 43. At this time, the hydraulic pump 41 is partially overlapped with the hydraulic oil tank 41, and the hydraulic oil tank 41
and the engine 22. An oil filter 45 is arranged between the battery 43 and the left side wall of the bonnet 25.

As mentioned above, the battery 43 and the oil filter 45 are arranged closer to the rear side of the left half of the bonnet 25, and the rear wall portion of the bonnet 25 has a section extending from the left end of the bonnet 25 to the middle portion of the engine 22 body. An opening/closing lid 46 is attached all the way up to this point. The opening/closing lid 46 has an L-shaped cross section extending from the rear surface of the bonnet 22 to the rear half of the upper surface portion, and is rotatably pivoted to the upper revolving body frame 14 at its lower end. It is designed to open and close by rotating it backwards. The opening/closing portion opened by the opening/closing lid 46 serves as an inspection port for each piece of equipment requiring inspection arranged inside the bonnet 25. Therefore, in addition to the battery 43 and oil filter 45, necessary inspection equipment such as a lubricating oil amount measuring gauge 47 for the engine 22 and a fuel injection device 48 are arranged in an area that can be accessed from the outside through this opening/closing part. ing.

In the above configuration, in this embodiment, the cooling fan 3 discharges cooling air toward the engine.
The muffler 34 is disposed on the opposite side from the cooling fan 33, and therefore the cooling air warmed by the muffler 34 flows through the engine 22, compared to a case where the muffler 34 is disposed on the same side as the cooling fan 33. It is not supplied to the aircraft, resulting in a good cooling effect. Furthermore, since the muffler 34 is also cooled by the cooling air that has cooled the engine 22, efficient cooling can be achieved. Further, the cooling fan 33 is placed near the right side wall 31 of the bonnet 25, and the hydraulic pump 41 is installed on the opposite side of the cooling fan 33, so the hydraulic pump 41 is placed near the center of the bonnet 25. It is located in a space and can be directly connected to the crankshaft 40 of the engine 22, which has the advantage of simplifying the power transmission system to the hydraulic pump 41. That is, if the cooling fan 33 is placed closer to the center of the engine 22, the hydraulic pump 41 cannot be placed closer to the end of the crankshaft 40, and cannot be directly connected to the crankshaft 40, making it difficult to connect power transmission devices such as belts and gears. must be used to connect. On the other hand,
If the cooling fan 33 is mounted away from the flywheel 32 and closer to the center, a special shaft etc. to drive the cooling fan 33 will be required and the size will increase, but since it can be mounted integrally with the flywheel 32, it will be more compact. It can be paid to.

Furthermore, by arranging the hydraulic pump 41 in the space closer to the center in this way, the hydraulic pump 41 can be placed close to the same side as the hydraulic oil tank 44, which is also arranged using a wide space. The hydraulic oil tank 44 and the hydraulic pump 4
This has the advantage that the piping with No. 1 is short and the piping itself is easy.

Further, in this embodiment, since the exhaust air that has cooled the engine 22 is discharged toward the rear, hot air is not applied to the operator, and the noise transmitted to the operator is also reduced accordingly. .

Also in this embodiment, the bonnet 25
An opening/closing lid 46 is provided at the rear of the engine, and parts requiring inspection such as the battery 43, oil filter 45, etc. are concentrated within the range that can be accessed by opening/closing, making inspection easy. That is, in the past, equipment requiring inspection such as the battery 43 and oil filter 45, and inspection parts such as the lubricating oil amount measuring gauge 47 and the fuel injection device 48 in the engine 22 body were operated through opening/closing parts provided at separate locations. However, in this embodiment, inspection can be performed at once by simply opening and closing one location.

As mentioned above, the engine 22 in this embodiment is an air-cooled diesel engine, so there is no need to inspect the cooling water system, and as described above, the parts that require inspection can be easily arranged together. In addition, since there is no radiator, the bonnet 25 itself can be made smaller, or the radiator does not protrude rearward or the like, making the whole more compact and the turning radius smaller.

Effects of the Invention As described above, in this invention, unlike conventional excavators in which the engine is placed behind the seat, the prime mover is placed directly under the seat, so the prime mover does not protrude rearward. Therefore, the overall length of the aircraft can be shortened and the turning radius can be reduced, and
Even when the upper revolving structure is rotated, the protruding portion of the prime mover or the like does not collide with an obstacle, resulting in improved workability. In addition, since there is no obstacle such as a motor behind the seat, visibility to the rear is improved and work efficiency is improved.

In this case, the force required for turning is also reduced, and as a result, the turning device prime mover and the like can be made smaller, making it more compact and improving workability.

Since this invention is an air-cooled engine, there is no need for large equipment such as a radiator, and the area around the engine can be made more compact.This also makes it easier to turn the upper revolving structure and improves work efficiency. can. In addition, the engine cooling air blower is placed on one side of the engine in the left-right direction, and the structure is such that the air is taken in from this side, so that the exhaust air and exhaust air discharged to the rear are not sucked in, and on the other hand, It has the effect of eliminating the inconvenience caused by inhaling the dust in front of you while working. On the other hand, since the air from the blower is discharged to the rear together with the exhaust from the engine, when the excavator is frequently used near walls, the exhaust may be blocked by the wall and the exhaust resistance may become large. This eliminates the inconvenience of staining the wall surface due to exhaust air and exhaust air. In addition, since the cooling air first cools the engine and then the muffler, unwarmed cooling air is supplied to the engine, which does not reduce cooling efficiency and also cools the muffler. Even if the entire structure is made compact and densely packed, it is effective in suppressing the temperature rise inside the bonnet.

In addition, in this invention, the heavy hydraulic oil tank is placed opposite to the side of the engine, resulting in a good left-right weight balance, and the originally high-temperature hydraulic oil tank and pump are placed on the same side as the exhaust muffler. , there is no particular problem even if these are placed close to each other, and this allows the entire structure to be made compact. Furthermore, there is an effect that the hydraulic oil tank and exhaust muffler can also be cooled by the cooling air. In this case, the pump and cooling air blower face each other with the engine in between, making it more compact, and since the pump and tank are placed close to each other on the same side, the piping between them is short and the pump's suction This has the effect of reducing resistance.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 shows a vertical cross-sectional side view of the main part of a revolving upper structure showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 shows a rear view of the main part, and FIG. 3 shows a horizontal cross-sectional view of the main part. 4 is a rear view showing the portion below the seat of the excavator of the present invention, FIG. 5 is an overall side view of the excavator of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a conventional excavator. It is an overall side view showing an excavator. 11... Lower traveling body, 13... Upper revolving body, 22...
Engine, 24... Seat, 25... Bonnet, 31
...Bonnet right side wall, 33...Cooling fan, 34...
Muffler, 36...Exhaust port, 41...Hydraulic pump, 4
3...Battery, 44...Hydraulic oil tank, 45...Oil filter, 46...Opening/closing lid for inspection, 47...Lubricating oil amount measuring gauge, 48...Fuel injection device.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. The upper revolving body 13 rotates horizontally with respect to the lower traveling body 11, and the excavating work machine 18 is pivoted to the front part of the upper revolving body 13, and the excavating work machine 18
The control section is located behind the control section, and the seat 24 is located at the rear of the control section.
and an excavator equipped with a prime mover 22, in which the prime mover 22 is disposed directly below the seat 24, and the prime mover 22 is an air-cooled engine, and the cooling air blower 33 is placed on one side of the engine 22 in the left-right direction. On the other hand, the exhaust muffler 34 of the engine 22 is also arranged on the opposite side from the cooling air blower 33, and an outlet of the cooling air taken in from the side blower 33 and cooling the engine 22 and the exhaust muffler 34 is provided. Said muffler 3
4 is provided at the rear, and a hydraulic oil tank 44 of the working machine 18 is disposed on the opposite side of the engine 22 across the exhaust muffler 34.
An excavator characterized in that a hydraulic pump 41 is disposed between the cooling air blower 33 and on the side opposite to the cooling air blower 33.