JPH0514913B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a device for guiding the performance of a keyboard instrument, and in particular to a device that speeds up the movement of the player's fingers and arranges the fingers according to the fingering method. The present invention relates to a performance guidance device that enables performance guidance.

<Prior art> Keyboard instruments such as pianos, organs, reed organs, etc. display the keys to be pressed one after another by blinking an indicator corresponding to each keyboard, and by pressing these keys, the music can be played. There is an automatic musical instrument that plays.

In this case, between a pressed key and the next key, there are cases in which the keys are pressed at the same position one after the other, and the keys are pressed by moving the fingers.Of these, the speed at which the fingers move is No new equipment is seen in the location. For example, at the beginning of each movement in a piece of music, there are speed marks (slow adagios, larghettos, etc.).
There are several types of notes (slightly slow andante, medium moderato, somewhat fast allegretto, fast allegro, etc.), and the movement speed of the fingers changes depending on these symbols and the distance from the position of the key pressed down to the position of the next key pressed. However, a musical performance device that can accommodate this change has not yet been considered.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> The first object of the present invention is to focus on the fact that a performer moves his or her fingers using a certain fingering method from one key press to the next. Hereinafter, we will provide a player guiding device that can move the fingers according to the fingering method, that is, the arrangement of the fingers suitable for the next key press. Another object of the present invention is to display on a key display device the arrangement of fingers suitable for the optimum fingering method as key pressed positions and non-pressed positions, and to display each part sequentially by moving according to the playing speed of the song. An object of the present invention is to provide a player guiding device.

<Means for Solving the Problem> The present invention has been made to achieve the above object, and one of its gist is a key display having display elements corresponding to keys necessary for playing a predetermined musical piece. a detection device that detects when a key is pressed down or a pressed key is released; and when the detection device detects a pressed key, it determines the position of the key to be pressed next according to the song. A performance guidance device for a keyboard instrument, comprising an operation control means for displaying on the key display device and sequentially moving and displaying the display on the display element from or near the detected key depression position to the next key depression position. be.

Another gist is a key display device having display elements corresponding to keys necessary for playing a predetermined piece of music;
A detection device that detects that a key is pressed down or a key that is pressed down is released; and when the detection device detects a key press, a key press position of the next key to be pressed according to the music; , a non-depressed key position is displayed on the key display device, and a non-depressed key position is displayed on the key display device so that the finger can be placed in a position suitable for depressing the next key to be pressed from the key to be pressed at this key pressed position. There is a performance guidance device for a keyboard instrument that includes an operation control means for sequentially moving and displaying the display on the display element from or near the key pressed position to the next key pressed position and the next non-pressed position.

Here, the display element includes a known element such as a liquid crystal in addition to a light emitting diode.

Here, the key display device is composed of light emitting diodes, etc., arranged one for each key of a piano, organ, etc., and the key depression position of the melody part or the melody part and accompaniment part is controlled by the operation control means described later. Either or both of the key press position and the non-key pressed position are displayed. The pressed key position is the position of the next key to be pressed that is displayed by the key display device in order to play a song, and the non-pressed key position is the position of the next key that should be pressed depending on the pressed key position. This is the appropriate key position for the fingers.

<Example> Next, an example of the present invention will be described based on the accompanying drawings.

In Figures 1 and 2A, a mounting plate P that also serves as a keyboard holder is placed horizontally in the vicinity of where the keyboard holder of a conventional piano was attached, corresponding to the keys required for performance.
, and on top of the mounting plate P there is a row of light emitting diodes that span the entire width of the piano corresponding to the 88 keys.
D ₁ to D ₈₈ are arranged. In this case, the keyboard holder may remain the same as before and a new mounting plate P may be provided. Further, each light emitting diode may be made to correspond to the key 1 necessary for actual performance, and in this case, the number of light emitting diodes is reduced. In Fig. 1, 2 indicates the key position specification for pressing the keys according to each note written on the musical score, and the position of the finger at the appropriate position to press the next key after the key press position. a non-depressed key position designation that allows the keyboard to be placed; a movement status that specifies whether the pressed key position and the non-depressed key position change or move; and a movement direction that specifies whether to move to the left or right; The amount of movement that specifies whether to move by a certain amount (length), and the display of the pressed key position and the non-pressed key position, and the position of the next pressed key to be pressed from the pressed key position or the vicinity thereof. A magnetic tape that has been converted into a binary code so that the melody section and accompaniment section can specify the speed at which the key is moved at the playing speed of the song to the appropriate key position for pressing the next key. , floppy disk sheets, perforated tape, magnetic cards, and other well-known input media. 3 is an interface circuit for matching voltage levels, 4 is a computer control circuit, and 5 is a switch circuit, which includes a lamp to indicate that input to the storage device 6 has been completed and a start switch. ing. When the performer confirms the input completion indicator lamp and presses the start switch in this switch circuit, the control circuit 4 is activated and the melodies of the music, which are the stored contents, are activated from the first and second blocks of the storage device 6. The pressed key positions D ₅₈ and D ₆₄ for the first note of the section, and the non-pressed key position D that allows the fingers to be placed in a position suitable for pressing the next key to be pressed at the pressed key position. ₅₇ ,
D ₆₀ , D ₆₂ and the pressed key positions D ₃₄ , D ₄₃ of the first note (if any) of the accompaniment section, and the non-pressed key positions D ₃₅ ,
D ₃₇ and D ₄₀ are read out as described below. 6 is a storage device of the electronic computer. As shown in FIG. 7, the control circuit 4 responds to a switch state detection circuit (detection device) 90 and a detection circuit 90 for detecting when a player presses or presses a key, or releases a pressed key. The binary code information of the notes to be played simultaneously in the melody part and the accompaniment part stored in the storage device 6 is sequentially read out from the storage device 6, and the light emitting diode corresponding to the key to be pressed next after the melody part is read out from the storage device 6.
One or more of the pressed key positions D ₅₈ and D ₆₄ of D ₁ to _{D 88} are made to emit light particularly brightly, and the corresponding pressed key position is placed in a position suitable for pressing the next key to be pressed. The light-emitting diodes at the non-depressed key positions D ₅₇ , D ₆₀ , and D ₆₂ , where the fingers can be placed, emit light a little darker than that (light strength/weakness), and also correspond to the key to be pressed after the accompaniment part. light emitting diode
One or more of the pressed key positions D ₃₄ and D ₄₃ of D ₁ to _{D 88} are made to emit light particularly brightly, and the light emitting diodes located at the corresponding non-depressed key positions D ₃₅ , D ₃₇ , and D ₄₀ on the left hand are made to emit light particularly brightly. It is particularly equipped with a drive circuit (operation control means) 80 for emitting light in a slightly darker light.

The interface circuit 3, the control circuit 4, the switch circuit 5, and the storage device 6 form an integral component of a small electronic computer and are attached to the piano, and the interface circuit 3 is connected to an external input medium 2. Further, from the control circuit 4, connection cords to each of the diodes D ₁ to D ₈₈ are drawn out.

Next, with reference to FIGS. 3 to 6, a description will be given of a device for detecting that a performer has pressed down a key in the melody section, for example, or has released a pressed key.
Although the diode D ₁ is illustrated in FIGS. 3 to 6, the same applies to the other diodes D ₂ to D ₈₈ . The part surrounded by the one-dot chain line in Figures 3 and 4 corresponds to the switch _S1 in Figure 7, and is a light sensor type or magnetic sensor type that can be attached and detached by a socket on the board. Contact switch assemblies, as well as S ₂ -S ₈₈ .
5 and 6 are diagrams explaining the principle of this contactless switch assembly, and correspond to FIGS. 3 and 4, respectively, and show the state before the player presses down a certain key 1, and Each represents the subsequent state. In FIG. 5, before the key ₁ is pressed down with a finger, the light beam generated from the light emitting diode PD 1 passes through lenses l ₁ and l ₂ and is received by the photodetector diode PD ₂ , and the current from the +B power source is received by the photodetector diode PD _2. The control signal is not sent to the switch state detection circuit 90 of the control circuit 4 (switch _S1 is closed). When the key 1 is pressed down and the state shown in Fig. 6 is reached, the light beam from the light emitting diode PD ₁ is no longer received by the light receiving diode PD ₂ , and the current from the +B power supply flows to the switch state detection circuit 90 of the control circuit (switch S ₁ open).

The control circuit 4 represented as a block in FIG. 7 has a switch state detection circuit 90, which is grounded through switches _S1 to _S88 and connected to a positive power supply of, for example, 5V through a pull-up resistor circuit 100. It is connected to the.

Switch _S1 opens when the key is pressed down and closes when the key is released, so the connection point J in Figures 5 and 6
The voltage changes from 0V to 5V at the moment it is pressed down, and from 5V to 0V at the moment it is released. Therefore, if the switch state detection circuit 90 generates a control signal (binary "1") when it detects a positive transition state of the control signal, the moment it is pressed is detected, and when it detects a negative transition state, Control signal (binary “0”)
If it is set to occur, the moment the pressed key is released is detected. In addition, switches S ₁ to _{S 88} are
Not only a contactless switch but also a well-known mechanical switch may be used.

When the performer presses down the keys of the first block (melody part) and second block (accompaniment part), and a binary signal "1" is generated in the detection circuit 90, the control circuit 4 selects the next block in the storage device 6. That is, the 3rd block (melody part) and the 4th block (accompaniment part) (9th block)
(see Figures 1 and 10).
The following explanation also applies if the performer presses the start switch of the switch circuit). In FIGS. 1 and 2A, each block of the storage device 6 has a key pressed position corresponding to the right hand key position to be pressed and a finger in a position suitable for pressing the next key to be pressed. 1 consisting of 88 light emitting elements to specify each non-key position of the position that can be placed.
Among the light emitting diodes D ₁ to D ₈₈ in the column, for example, D ₅₈ ,
It includes a command to cause D ₆₄ to emit light strongly as a key pressed position, and to make light emitting diodes D ₅₇ , D ₆₀ , and D ₆₂ weakly emit light as key non-depressed positions. The control circuit 4 reads and executes these commands, and turns on the light emitting diode corresponding to the non-depressed key position.
D ₅₇ , D ₆₀ , and D ₆₂ are made to emit light to display it, and the light emitting diodes D ₅₈ and D ₆₄ are made to emit strong light to indicate the position of the key to be pressed. For the accompaniment section, for example, the light-emitting diodes D ₃₄ and D ₄₃ are made to emit strong light at the left-hand key press position,
Light emitting diode at the position corresponding to the non-key pressed position
Lighten D ₃₅ , D ₃₇ , and D ₄₀ weakly. In the above case,
A single row of light-emitting elements is used to distinguish between key pressed positions and non-pressed key positions by emitting strong or weak light, that is, by emitting light from the light emitting elements strongly or weakly. In order to distinguish the position, the light emitting elements should be color-coded as described below, blinking, or as a multi-light display.
The present invention is also possible by using any one of the musical note displays described in detail in 20726 or a combination thereof.

Furthermore, the above-mentioned non-key positions are the remaining hand indexes of both the right and left fingers or either one of the keys to be pressed.For example, if the key-pressing positions are two right-hand fingers, the non-key-pressing positions are from a total of five fingers of the right hand. In this case, the fingering method is to press the key at the key press position, and then press the key at the key position suitable for pressing the next key.
This is an indication of the non-key pressed position so that the fingers other than the pressed keys are placed near the above key pressed position, but in addition to this, the non-pressed position can be displayed by placing all fingers (10 fingers) on both the left and right hands or either one. or 5 keys), it is also possible to arrange the display in the vicinity including or excluding the key depression position.

FIG. 7 shows the configuration of the control circuit 4 for the embodiment shown in FIGS. The anodes of the light emitting diodes D ₁ to D ₈₈ are connected to the +B power supply through resistors, the cathodes are connected to the collectors of the transistors TR ₁ to _{TR 88} , and the bases of the transistors TR ₁ to TR ₈₈ are connected to the terminals of the drive circuit 80 through the diodes. Each is connected to T ₁ to T ₈₈ separately. For example, when the control circuit 4 detects the depression of a key corresponding to a certain note in the melody section,
The position of the next key to be pressed in the melody section is displayed on light emitting diodes, for example D ₅₈ and D ₆₄ , as well as a non-press display that allows the fingers to be placed in the appropriate position to press the next key. The key positions of the light emitting diodes, for example D ₅₇ , D ₆₀ , D ₆₂ are read out from the storage device 6 and the corresponding terminals T ₅₈ , T ₆₄ and T ₅₇ ,
The voltages of T ₆₀ and T ₆₂ are increased from 0V to +24V, for example. The light emitting diodes D ₅₈ and D ₆₄ need to emit light more strongly than the others, but in order to do so,
Transistor TR ₅₈ , TR ₆₄ and transistor
By changing the impulse count of the pulses controlling the bases of TR ₅₇ , TR ₆₀ , TR ₆₂ , for the same frequency, for example 1000 pulses/s, the transistors TR ₅₈ ,
The pulse width applied to the base of TR ₆₄ is made larger than the pulse width applied to the bases of the other transistors mentioned above, so that the impact factor of the pulse applied to the bases of transistors TR ₅₈ and TR ₆₄ is, for example, 90%, and the pulse width applied to the bases of the other transistors is For example, the impact count of the pulse applied to the pulse may be set to 10%. In that case, the light emitting diodes D ₅₈ and D ₆₄ emit light for a longer period of one second than the other light emitting diodes, so they appear brighter. As is well known, this difference in impact coefficient can be set during programming, and although it will not be described in detail here, it is possible to set the difference in the impact coefficient for a selected terminal among terminals T ₁ to T ₈₈ (here, terminals T ₅₈ , T ₆₄ and
This is done by commanding the on-state and off-state of T ₅₇ , T ₆₀ , T ₆₂ ) at different ratios corresponding to the desired impact coefficient value.

Regarding the accompaniment section played with the left hand, for example, along with the light emitting diodes D ₃₄ and D ₄₃ that indicate the key pressed position, which is the next key to be pressed, the light emitting diodes D ₃₅ , D ₃₇ , and D ₄₀ that are the non-pressed key positions are the same. is emitted.

In order to obtain only finger movements using the fingering method, the impact coefficients of the base control pulses at key pressed and non-pressed positions, such as transistors TR ₅₈ , TR ₆₄ , TR ₅₇ , TR ₆₀ , and TR ₆₂ , must be kept constant. Programming is simplified because it can be used as a value. Additionally, some songs do not require the accompaniment section played by the left hand, in which case all that is required is to make the light-emitting diodes in the key-pressed and non-key-pressed positions of the right hand emit light one after another, which further simplifies programming. be converted into

Thus, in the present invention, when the key display devices D ₁ to _{D 88} shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2A, and FIG. is detected, and the drive circuit 80 sequentially moves the display of the key press position to be pressed next in the song from a certain pressed key position or its vicinity to the next pressed key position according to the playing speed of the music. I am able to display it. Further, the key display devices D ₁ to _{D 88} detect the key depression by the detection circuit 90 and send the key display to the drive circuit 80 .
In addition to displaying the pressed key position that is the next key to press in the above song, it also displays the non-pressed key position so that the finger can be placed in a position suitable for pressing the next key to be pressed. To play a song in sequence, change the display of the pressed key position and non-pressed key position to the position of the next pressed key to be pressed and the next key to be pressed from the pressed key position or its vicinity. It is also possible to sequentially move and display key positions suitable for lowering depending on the playing speed of the song.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, when the input from the input medium 2 to the storage device 6 is completed and the start switch in the switch circuit 5 is pressed, the control circuit 4 is activated, and the melody and accompaniment portions of the song are activated. The first note (if any) is transmitted through the drive circuit 80 to the pressed key positions D ₅₈ and D ₆₄ in the key display devices D ₁ to _{D 88} and the non-pressed key positions.
As already mentioned, D ₅₇ , D ₆₀ , and D ₆₂ are displayed (Fig. 2 A), but if you press the keys as shown in the above key press positions D ₅₈ and D ₆₄ , this key press position In other words, from a certain depressed key position or its vicinity (specifically, D ₅₇ , D ₆₀ shown in Figure 2 B), the next key pressed position (specifically, as shown in Figure 2 F) is determined.
To move sequentially up to D ₆₁ , D ₆₄ ), move around the first notes D ₅₈ , D ₆₄ of the melody part of the song, that is, from D ₅₇ , D ₆₀ to the second notes D ₆₁ , D ₆₄ and the accompaniment. Distance (amount of movement) of the key press position in the vicinity of the first notes D ₃₄ , D ₄₃ , that is, from D ₃₇ , D ₄₀ to the second notes D ₃₄ , D ₃₇ (if any)
Light emitting diodes corresponding to each key 1 (D ₅₇ to D ₆₁ and D ₆₀ to D ₆₄ for the melody section, for the accompaniment section
This is possible by sequentially displaying light emission between D ₃₇ to D ₃₄ and D ₄₀ to D ₃₇ ) one key at a time. Similar display movement is also performed for the non-depressed key display as shown in FIG. As a specific example, when the key press display in Fig. 2A is pressed, the detection device 90 displays Fig. 2B, and then as shown in Fig. From B, the accompaniment section moves one key to the left, the melody section moves one key to the right,
D means C, and E means D. Similarly, F means that the accompaniment part is not moved from E, and the melody part is moved one key to the right. In the end, in order to move from B to F, the accompaniment part was moved three keys to the left of the original position, and the melody part was moved four keys to the right of the original position. Note that the movement display is not limited to movement of one key at a time, and may include two or more movements. Also, speed symbols such as moderato in various pieces (for example, in Chiyopin's "Etude" Op. 10 No. 3 = 100, i.e. the speed at which a metronome counts 100 eighth notes per minute, this also depends on the performer = 90)
or = 110. ), the movement speed between movement distances is determined by outputting a control signal to the display movement command circuit 70 of the control circuit 4 in FIG.
By outputting a control signal to each base of TR ₁ to TR ₈₈ , you can increase the lighting time from the current light-emitting diode that changes instantaneously by pressing a certain key to the light-emitting diode that should be pressed next. , the movement speed can be freely adjusted by making it shorter.

Furthermore, known light emitting diodes capable of emitting light in two colors are used for the light emitting diodes _D1 to _D88 , and the same light emitting diodes emit light in red for the key press positions of the melody and accompaniment parts. For the non-key pressed position of the accompaniment section, the same light emitting diode can emit light in green, for example. In addition, the melody part and accompaniment part are divided into two colors, red and green.
The light emitting diode corresponding to the key pressed position in the melody section may emit particularly bright red light, and the light emitting diode corresponding to the key pressed position in the accompaniment section may emit particularly bright green light.
A well-known light emitting diode that emits light in two colors is used.

Furthermore, the present invention includes a light emitting diode array D that indicates the next key press position according to the music, and a non-press key that allows the finger to be placed at a position suitable for pressing the next key after the key press position. It is also possible to use two rows of light emitting diodes D' (not shown) for indicating the position. All the notes of the melody section encoded in this way are stored in the storage device 6 together with all the encoded notes of the accompaniment section. The upper binary contents stored in the storage device 6 are as shown in FIG. 9 in the case of monochromatic strong and weak light emission (FIG. 2 A to E, FIG. 7). Figure 9 shows the contents of each block in the case of monochromatic strong and weak light emission as a single light display.First, as a melody part, the first block contains 13 bits for specifying the pressed key position of the 88 piano keys, and 13 bits for specifying the pressed key position of the 88 piano keys. 13 bits for specifying the non-pressed key position to display the key position, 1 bit for whether or not to move to display the next key pressed position and non-pressed position, 1 bit for the direction of movement (left/right), 7 bits for the amount of movement, and for the song. represents the 6-bit movement speed of the display corresponding to the combined performance speed, represents the accompaniment part together with this melody part in the same way as the melody part,
This is followed by the third block (melody section), fourth block (accompaniment section), and so on. The reason why the presence/absence of movement and the direction of movement are set to 1 bit each is that if no movement is performed, 7 bits of movement amount and 6 bits of movement speed can be omitted. 1st
Figure 0 shows the contents of each block when musical notes are displayed as a multi-light display. In this case, in addition to Figure 9 above, 4 bits are used to display the length of notes on the light emitting diodes in each of the melody and accompaniment parts. Add for a total of 45 bits.

In each of the above-mentioned embodiments, a light emitting diode is used as a light emitting element, but instead of a light emitting diode, a lamp, a liquid crystal, a fluorescent display, or any other known element that emits light when a current flows can be used. may also be used.

In addition, musical notes can be precoded into programmable read-only memory or magnetic bubbles, C-
Store it in a fixed storage device such as MOS memory (battery backup type) and store it in the storage device 6.
and the control circuit 4 is transferred from this fixed storage device during performance.
It is also possible to display the performance data one after another on the light emitting diode row D through the steps. This storage device is attached as a memory cassette to a cassette attachment point of an operation panel of an electronic computer (into which main parts of the computer such as the control circuit 4 and the storage device 6 are incorporated).

Furthermore, when practicing a simple piece of music, the accompaniment section is not played, so the light emitting diode array of the accompaniment section and its related control circuitry do not need to be installed from the beginning, and even if they are installed, the accompaniment section will not be played. It is also possible to disable these functions during programming.

<Effects> The present invention relates to a performance guidance device for a keyboard instrument that includes a key display device, a detection device, and an operation control means, and is capable of detecting whether a certain key has been pressed down or released during a performance. When the above detection device detects,
The pressed key position on the key display device is displayed by sequentially moving from a pressed position or its vicinity to the next pressed key position, or the pressed key position and the non-pressed position are displayed sequentially in the same way. Since the operation control means is operated so as to move the display, the fingers can be guided in accordance with the moving display, and therefore smooth performance can be achieved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the auxiliary device used in the player guidance device of the present invention together with a keyboard instrument, and the computer part is shown in a block diagram;
Figures A, B, C, D, H, and F are light emitting diode arrays used in the embodiment of the performer guidance device according to the present invention, in which A shows a key pressed position and a non-pressed key position in a piece of music. Explanatory diagram illustrating that by pressing this key display, the display of the pressed key position to be pressed next and the non-pressed key position is sequentially moved from B to F.
FIG. 4 is a schematic side view showing a detection circuit that detects when a player presses down a key or releases a pressed key, before and after the key is pressed, respectively;
Figures 5 and 6 are detailed diagrams of the parts surrounded by the dot-dashed lines in Figures 3 and 4, respectively; Figure 7 is a schematic arrangement diagram of the control circuit used for display movement in monochromatic strength/weakness display; Fig. 8 is a block diagram showing the operating state of the control circuit shown in Fig. 7, Fig. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing the memory contents of the storage device in the case of key press position single light display, and Fig. 10 is key press position musical note display. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the storage contents of the storage device in the case of FIG. _D1 to _D88 ...Key display device, 80...Drive circuit (operation control means for the key display device), 90...Detection circuit (detection device).

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A key display device having display elements corresponding to keys necessary for playing a predetermined piece of music, a detection device that detects when a key is pressed down or when a pressed key is released; When the detection device detects a pressed key, the position of the next key to be pressed is displayed on the key display device according to the song, and the position of the next pressed key is displayed from or near the detected pressed position to the next pressed key position. A performance guidance device for a keyboard instrument, comprising an operation control means for sequentially moving and displaying the display of the display element. 2. A key display device having a display element corresponding to the key required to play a predetermined piece of music, a detection device that detects when a key is pressed down or a key that has been pressed down is released, and the detection device detects when a key is pressed. When detected, the finger can be placed in a position suitable for pressing the key to be pressed next and a key to be pressed next at this key pressing position according to the music. the key display device displays on the key display device the key display device, and sequentially moves the display of the display element from or near the detected key press position to the next key press position and the next non-press position. A performance guidance device for a keyboard instrument, comprising an operation control means for displaying a performance.