JPH052386B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a vertical pulverizer that pulverizes cement raw materials, coal, chemicals, etc. through cooperation between a rotary table and rollers.

[Prior Art] Vertical pulverizers equipped with a rotary table and pulverizing rollers are widely used as a type of pulverizer for finely pulverizing granules such as cement raw materials, coal, and chemicals into powder. This type of crusher consists of a disk-shaped rotary table that is driven by a motor with a reducer and rotates at low speed in the lower part of a cylindrical casing, and the upper surface of the rotary table is pressed by hydraulic pressure between the outer periphery and the area equally divided in the circumferential direction. It is equipped with a plurality of rollers that are driven to rotate.

For example, in FIG. 3 showing a conventional vertical crusher, the crusher, which is designated as a whole by reference numeral 1, is externally formed as a single tower body, and at its base is a rotating shaft rotated by an electric motor (motor) 2. A table 3 is placed. A plurality of conical crushing rollers 4 are arranged to rotate in sliding contact with the rotary table 3, and the crushing rollers 4 are rotatably supported on a support arm 5. The support arm 5 is fixed to a support shaft 6 rotatably supported on the crusher side. One end of a rotating arm 7 is further fixed to this support shaft 6, and this rotating arm 7 extends downward through the side of a casing 8 surrounding the rotating table 3, and faces the lower space of the crusher. There is. The lower end of this rotating arm 7 is connected to the crusher 1
The lower end of the pressure cylinder 9 is rotatably supported on the base of the pressure cylinder 9, and the pressure cylinder 9 is rotatably supported on the tip of the rod 10.

In this pulverizer 1, granules as a raw material are supplied to the center of a rotary table 3 through a supply pipe 13, and as the rotary table 3 rotates, they are caught between a driven roller 4 and the rotary table 3 and are crushed. Ru. On the other hand, hot air is guided into the casing 8 by a duct (not shown), and this hot air blows up from the annular space 14 between the outer peripheral surface of the rotary table 3 and the inner peripheral surface of the casing 8. As a result, the fine powder rises inside the crusher 1 while being dried, and is discharged from the discharge port 15 as a mixture with hot air and sent to the next process.

Note that some of the coarse particles also rise within the crusher 1, but are classified by the upper separator 15A and returned onto the rotary table 3.

Note that the rotary table 3 has a shaft (not shown) extending vertically downward, and a reducer casing designated by reference numeral 16 has a shaft section that reduces the rotational force of the motor 2 and rotates the shaft of the rotary table 3. In addition to a speed reduction mechanism that transmits transmission to the rotary table 3, a thrust bearing mechanism and a radial bearing mechanism are provided to support the rotary table 3 via its shaft (none of which are shown).

In such a vertical crusher, an excessive load is applied, for example, when large particles are caught between the rotary table 3 and the rollers 4, or when an excessive amount of raw material is input into the vertical crusher. In some cases, gears in the reducer may break or the motor may burn out.

By the way, countermeasures against such overloads have conventionally been taken using an electrical method that detects the thermal load on the motor and trips the motor when it reaches a set torque (for example, 10 times the rated torque). There is.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, when the above-mentioned electrical countermeasure is adopted, the motor does not trip in an overload state between the set torque and the rated torque, so a considerably large stress continues on the gears of the reducer. It will be added as follows.

In the normal case, gears are damaged under stress conditions lower than 10 times the rated torque, and the equipment must be stopped for a long period of time to replace the gears.

[Means for Solving the Problems] According to the present invention, a gear base in a vertical crusher is installed so as to be rotatable around the shaft of a rotary table, and this gear base is fixed via a connector.

This connector is, for example, a shear pin or the like, and releases the connection when a torque of a predetermined value or more is applied to the gear base. Note that power is transmitted from the drive device to the reducer by a belt or chain.

[Operation] When the vertical crusher of the present invention is under normal load, the gear base is held in place by the connector.

Therefore, when the vertical crusher is placed in an overload state and a torque exceeding a predetermined value (torque around the shaft of the rotary table) is applied to the gear base, the coupling device releases its connection, and the gear base be left in a free state.

Then, the gear base rotates around the axis of the rotary table due to the torque, and the belt or chain that is stretched between the drive gear in the gear box and the drive device such as a motor becomes loose, and the reducer stops. do.

As described above, according to the present invention, the reduction gear can be stopped when a predetermined overload is greater than the rated load and less than the overload that causes the motor to trip, so it is possible to prevent gear damage, etc. .

In addition, since the connector can be easily repaired or replaced, the return to a normal operating state can be easily and quickly performed.

[Example] Examples will be described below with reference to the drawings.

1 and 2 show the configuration of main parts of a vertical crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a rotary table, a speed reducer, etc., and FIG. 1 is the same plane. It is a diagram.

Reference numeral 16 is a speed reducer, which includes a casing 18 as a gear base placed on a foundation 17, a large gear 20 fixed to the shaft portion 19 of the rotary table 3,
The large gear 20 is fixed to a shaft 21 which is pivotally supported in the casing 18 by bearings 21a and 21b.
A small gear 22 that meshes with the shaft 22, a bevel gear 23 on the driven side that is fixed to the shaft 21, and a bevel gear 25 on the driving side that is fixed to the tip of the shaft 24 and meshes with the bevel gear 23.

Note that the shaft 24 is attached to the casing 18 via a bearing 24a. Further, a V pulley 26 is fixed to the other end of the shaft 24, and a V pulley 26 is fixed to the output shaft of the motor 2.
A V-belt 28 is stretched between the pulley 27 and the pulley 27.

On the bottom surface of the casing 18 serving as a gear base, a protrusion 18a is provided protrudingly located vertically below the shaft portion 19, while a recess 17a is provided in the base 17 to receive the protrusion 18a. Then, the casing 18 can be installed without using anchor bolts or the like.
It is simply placed in a predetermined position by fitting the convex portion 18a and the concave portion 17a, and when torque is applied around the shaft portion 19, it can rotate around the convex portion 18a. ing.

The vertical crusher according to this embodiment is configured so that the weight of the rotary table 3 and the pressing load of the rollers 4 are directly borne by the foundation. The load including the pressing load is directly transmitted from the flange portion 3B of the rotary table to the foundation 17 via the bearing 29 and the casing 18. Therefore, the rotating shaft 1 of the rotating table 3
The bearing 19a supporting the lower end of the bearing 9 supports substantially only the load in the radial direction.

Thus, the casing 18 is connected to the side wall 12 of the base of the crusher via a connector (in this embodiment, a shear pin) 30.

The other configuration of the device of this embodiment is substantially the same as the conventional device shown in FIG. 2, and the roller 4 is urged in the direction of pressing against the table surface by an appropriate pressing mechanism such as a hydraulic cylinder. . Further, a space indicated by the reference numeral 14 in FIG. 3 is defined below the table surface of the rotary table 3 by a partition plate or the like, and the hot air introduced from the inlet flows around the rotary table 3. It is configured to pass through and be introduced into the grinding chamber.

Furthermore, the upper part of the device is equipped with a separator and a discharge pipe for the crushed material to be transported by air current.

In the vertical crusher having such a configuration, the raw material fed onto the rotary table 3 is passed through the V pulleys 27, 26,
V belt 28, bevel gears 25, 23, gear 2
a rotary table 3 rotated by a motor driving force transmitted through the rotary table 2 and the rotary table 3;
The pulverized material is caught between the driven roller 4 and pulverized, and the pulverized material is carried by the hot air, the fine powder is sent out of the device as it is, and the coarse powder is passed through a separator at the top of the device. It is classified and falls onto the rotary table 3.

Therefore, the casing 18 as a gear base
counteracts the torque around the shaft portion 19 by its own weight and the frictional force with the foundation 17 due to the pressing load of the roller 4 and the tensile force of the shear pin 30.
Then, the torque (hereinafter referred to as reference torque) when the load on the vertical crusher is excessive than the rated load but smaller than the excessive load that causes the motor 2 to trip (hereinafter referred to as reference load). (abbreviated)), and below the reference torque, the casing 18
The shear pin is selected so that it comes to a standstill and disconnects when a reference torque is exceeded.

Therefore, when the load on the crusher is below the standard load, the crusher performs a steady crushing operation. Also,
When the load becomes larger than the standard load, the shear pin 30 is disconnected and the casing 18 rotates in the direction of arrow F in FIG. Then, the V-pulley 26 shifts toward the V-pulley 27 side, so the tension of the V-belt 28 decreases, the V-pulley 26 stops, and the crushing is interrupted.

Therefore, when the load of the crusher exceeds the reference load, the crusher is automatically stopped and damage to the gears of the reducer 16 is prevented.

To restart the operation of the crusher, all that is required is to remove the load increase factor, rotate the casing 18 back to its original position, and connect a new shear pin 30 to the casing 18 and the side wall 12, which is extremely easy. Can be done quickly.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a main part explaining a different embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a plan view of the same.

The vertical crusher of this embodiment has been improved so that the entire speed reducer moves slightly up and down together with the rotary plate, and wear and damage to the tooth surfaces of the speed reducer are extremely reduced.

In FIGS. 4 and 5, the rotary table 3 is mainly composed of a dish portion 31 and a shaft portion 32. As shown in FIGS.
Connecting flanges 33 and 34 are integrally provided at the lower and upper ends of the dish portion 31 and the shaft portion 32, respectively, and both flanges 33 and 34 are fixed with bolts 35.

A bearing 43 (described later) is provided on the lower surface of this flange 34.
is hung, and the rotary table 3 is directly supported on the foundation 18. That is, a ring-shaped support plate 41 is fixed at a predetermined height on the inner peripheral surface of the casing 40 of the vertical crusher rising from the foundation 18, and a support stand is installed on the upper surface side of the inner peripheral edge of the plate 41. A bearing 4 is installed between the bearing 42 and the flange 34.
3 is interposed, whereby the rotary table 3 is directly supported on the base 17. Reference numeral 44 indicates a leg member that reinforces the support plate 41.

Next, the configuration of the reducer 50 will be explained. Reference numeral 51 is a reduction gear casing, and an opening 52 is provided on one side. A worm wheel 53 fixed to the shaft portion 32 is housed in the casing 51, and a worm 54 that meshes with the worm wheel 53 is pivotally supported with respect to the casing 51.

The casing 51 is suspended from the boss portion 53a of the worm wheel 53 via bearings 55 and 56. Reference numeral 57 denotes a lower casing connected to the lower part of the casing 51, and a support shaft 58 fixed to the bottom and protruding downward is connected to a bearing 59.
It is pivotally supported to the foundation 18 via. This bearing 59 is a radial bearing that provides substantially only support in the circumferential direction.

A city pillar 60 is erected on the foundation 17, and the pillar 60 and the side end of the bottom surface of the lower casing 57 are connected by a shear pin 30.

As shown in FIG. 5, the worm 54 is rotationally driven by the motor 2 via V pulleys 61, 62 and a V belt 63.

In this embodiment, the reducer 50 resists the torque around the shaft portion 32 by being pulled by the shear pin 30, but if this torque exceeds the reference torque described above, the shear pin 3
0 is cut, the reducer rotates in the direction of arrow F, the V-belt 63 is loosened, power transmission to the reducer 50 is stopped, and the crusher is stopped. Therefore, in this embodiment as well, the gears of the reduction gear are protected in the same manner as in the above embodiment.

Furthermore, as the rotation of the rotary table 3 and the rollers 4 causes pulverization, high-frequency minute vibrations are propagated to the shaft portion 32 and the reducer 50. In this embodiment, the reducer 50 is suspended from the rotary table 3. Because of this, the worm 54 and the worm wheel 53 vibrate with substantially the same amplitude and the same period.
Another effect is that wear and damage on those tooth surfaces becomes extremely small.

In the above embodiment, power transmission between the motor side and the speed reducer side is performed by a belt, but a chain may also be used.

Also, in the present invention, a sixth shear pin is used instead of the shear pin.
The link 64 shown in the figure may also be used. (When a torque exceeding the reference torque is generated, the curved portion 64a of the link 64 is extended to allow rotation of the reducer.) [Effect] As described above, in the vertical crusher of the present invention,
The crusher can be stopped at any overload (for example, a load between 1 and 10 times the rated load) that is smaller than the overload that would cause the motor to trip, thereby preventing damage to the reducer gears. can. In addition, the current state can be restored with minor work such as replacing the shear pin, and the operating efficiency of the device is high. In addition, there is no need for a special torque detection system, and the configuration of the present invention can be implemented at low cost.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of essential parts of a vertical crusher according to an embodiment, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the same, FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a conventional device, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view of essential parts showing a different embodiment. FIG. 5 is a plan view of the same, and FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the link 64. 3...Rotary table, 4...Crushing roller, 30
...Shear pin, 19,32...Shaft, 16,5
0...Reducer, 28,63...V belt.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A rotary table having a dish part and a shaft part connected to the lower side of the dish part, a grinding roller disposed in sliding contact with the rotary table so as to be able to roll freely, and the shaft part A vertical crusher comprising: a gear fixed to a reducer; a drive side gear meshing with the gear; and a gear base supporting the drive side gear; and a drive device connected to the reducer. The gear base is installed to be rotatable about the shaft, and is provided with a coupling for fixing the gear base against torque applied to the gear base around the shaft, and this coupling A vertical crusher, characterized in that the tool releases the connection when the torque exceeds a predetermined value, and the reduction gear is connected to a drive device by a belt or a chain. .