JPH0527585B2 - - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention involves forming a continuous hollow band by continuous extrusion of a raw material whose main component is clay, and
Concerning a device that continuously manufactures long ceramic products of a fixed length by drying in a short time of about 30 minutes, cutting into continuous bands or fixed lengths, and then firing continuously for about 10 to 3 hours. It is.

[Conventional technology]

Traditionally, ceramic products have been manufactured by molding and cutting raw materials, followed by drying and firing. For example, roof tiles and roof tiles are manufactured by cutting a continuous molded band sent out from a molding machine into short lengths, then forming it by pressing, etc., and then drying and firing it, or by filling the material into a mold and pressing it. molded by
Next, they were manufactured and cut using intermittent equipment, either by drying or firing.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, although it is possible to continuously extrude raw materials with a molding machine, the extruded molded product is a plastic material, so it is difficult to move the molded product without deforming it when transferring it to the next drying process. was extremely difficult. In particular, if the extruded molded product is long or hollow, it will inevitably deform.For this reason, conventionally, long and hollow products are continuously extruded using an extrusion molding machine to deform them. It is considered almost impossible to dry and bake without it.

The difficulty in manufacturing ceramic products lies not only in the molding process but also in the drying and firing processes. Firstly, the drying and firing process requires a large number of days (several days to one week), and secondly, the degree of deformation of the molded product during the drying and firing process is extremely large. In particular, when heat is applied from the outer surface of a hollow molded product as usual, the surface layer dries faster than the hollow part, so the degree of deformation is greater than that of a non-hollow molded product, resulting in a lower product yield.

As mentioned above, in this type of equipment, the forming band may be twisted or cracked, causing the drying process and baking process to take place once or twice.
The disadvantages are that it takes many days, is low in productivity, and increases costs. In addition, with conventional equipment, the drying and firing processes require a long time as described above.
The line was so long that it could hardly be called a continuous line, and it was impossible to dry and fire each sheet one by one due to space and cost constraints. Therefore, unlike short ceramic products such as roof tiles and roof tiles, which can be layered with spacers in multiple stages and then dried and fired, long products are not only difficult to handle, but also at each end and center of the long product. (in the preheating-firing-slow cooling zone)
Due to this problem, it was impossible to obtain a satisfactory product due to the high cost. Therefore, in the conventional device, 1
It was completely inconceivable that there would be a device that could dry long objects of up to 3 meters continuously and quickly in a short time of about 1 to 30 minutes, or that could arrange them in a straight line as an integrated line, including the firing process. .

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention adds many innovations to the molding machine and drying machine, and by significantly shortening the processing time of the drying process, processes such as molding, drying, cutting, and baking are made into a continuous line, and hollow-shaped It is an object of the present invention to provide a continuous manufacturing device capable of manufacturing long ceramic products as homogeneous products regardless of their size in a short period of time and at low cost.

〔Example〕

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a continuous manufacturing apparatus for long ceramic products according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

First, with reference to FIG. 1, it will be explained how various devices for each process are combined to form a continuous line as a whole. In the figure, 1 is the raw material, 2
is a molding machine, mainly a vacuum extrusion machine, a non-vacuum extruder (hereinafter referred to as an extrusion machine), 3 is a dryer, 6
1 shows each ceramic product, and there are two ways of assembling the line after the dryer 3. In other words, there is a line for the cutter 4a and the firing furnace 5a, and a line for the firing furnace 5b and the cutter 4b, which is the opposite. These two basic continuous lines include a punching machine 7, a heater 11, a straightening machine 12, and a glazing machine 13a, 1
3b, transfer machines 14a, 14b, transfer and take-out machine 1
5a, 15b, etc. are incorporated as appropriate.

Next, some typical examples of continuous lines will be explained using FIGS. 2 to 7 (referred to as the first embodiment).

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a typical example of the above device. In the figure, 101 is a raw material (corresponding to the reference numeral 1 in Figure 1), which is a mixture of several types of clay and siyamoto etc. through a kneader (not shown).
Extrusion molding machine 103 via belt conveyor 102
(corresponding to the reference numeral 2 in FIG. 1) is supplied. As shown in FIG. 4, the extrusion molding machine 103 continuously extrudes the raw material 101 into the shape shown in FIGS. 3a and 3b through a die 104 and a core 105 with a hollow part forming part. It is something. In addition,
The raw material 101 is mainly made of natural clay, and the ingredients differ depending on the region of production.These features and weaknesses are mutually offset to obtain a predetermined mixed clay. Examples of the raw material 101 are potter's stone, feldspar, kaolinite, halloysite, pyropherite, quartz, kibushi clay, and frog's eye clay, which are crushed and kneaded with alumina, zirconia, and water depending on the purpose. Further, this raw material 101 may be iron-removed using a magnet if necessary.

To explain further, core 10 with forming part for hollow part
5 is the cross-sectional shape of the hollow part of the continuous forming band A to be formed;
For example, it has a vertical cross-sectional shape corresponding to a square and is formed in a hollow shape.
As shown in b, the air supply pipe 106 is fixed, a pump 107 is connected to this air supply pipe 106, and a continuous forming band (hereinafter simply referred to as forming band) A is formed.
For example, hot air, dry air (201~
160℃, humidity 0-30%), etc., to force an air cycle in the hollow part B, uniformly drying each part of the forming band A, and significantly shortening the drying time. It is valid.

A heater 108 (corresponding to the reference numeral 11 in FIG. 1) uses far infrared rays as a heat source and is effective for drying the forming zone A from the center to the surface layer in a short time. ~25% of the stuff
This is to reduce the amount to about 10 to 5% and strengthen shape retention.

109 is a dryer (corresponding to numeral 3 in Figure 1) that is used to further reduce the moisture content of the forming zone A, for example to about 5% to 0%, and is heated at approximately 90 to 400°C. It is. Note that the heat source of the dryer 109 is, for example, the firing furnace 112 (corresponding to the reference numeral 5b in FIG. 1).
As shown in FIG. 6, for example, the hot air is injected onto the forming zone A from a pipe 110, etc., and is stirred by a fan 111 to uniformly heat the atmosphere of the dryer 109. or make moisture evaporation more advantageous.

The inside of the firing furnace 112 is connected from the inlet 112a to the outlet 112.
The temperature distribution changes continuously in a mountain-like manner over the area b, and is divided into a preheating area 113, a firing area 114, and a cooling area 115 in this order.
3 temperature is 150~170℃, firing area 114 is 800~
The temperature is 1350°C, and the cooling area 115 is about 600 to 100°C. Of course, the temperature setting between each region is different depending on the type and composition of the raw material 101, and the temperature between each region is not clearly divided, but is a temporary division in continuous firing. . To further explain the firing furnace 112, the firing furnace 1
Reference numeral 12 burns petroleum or combustible gas, such as LPG gas, to sinter the forming zone A, and burners (not shown) for this purpose are arranged corresponding to each region. Further, as a means for conveying the forming band A in the firing furnace 112, a mesh belt,
Metal rollers, ceramic rollers, etc. are used, but
In particular, the temperature in the firing area 114 rises to about 1300°C, so for example, as shown in FIG. It is intended to be transported without being transmitted. 11
9 is a conveyor, for example, a driving wheel 120 and a driven wheel 121.
A mesh belt 122 is wound between them, and the original
Free auxiliary roller 1 between driven wheels 120 and 121
23 are arranged in series, and are mainly arranged in series between the heater 108 and the dryer 109 to improve the evaporation of moisture in the forming band A. 12
4 is a cover for insulating the area where the molding band A flows linearly, and is highly heat insulating. The firing area 114 of the firing furnace 112 is made of refractory bricks, ceramic fibers, etc., and the forming zone A is passed through the furnace continuously in a straight line. An exhaust damper (not shown) is provided.

Reference numeral 125 is a traveling cutter (corresponding to the reference numeral 4b in FIG. 1) for cutting the forming band A into a regular length. 126 is a conveying/unloading machine (corresponding to the reference numeral 15b in Fig. 1), which cuts a fixed length ceramic plate with a running cutter 125.
A' is transported at a speed faster than the speed at which it is sent out from the firing furnace 112 to prevent collision with the forming band A.

Also, although not shown, a heater 108 and a dryer 10
9. Free rollers, belts, etc. are appropriately disposed between the firing furnaces 112 to prevent the forming band A from sagging or causing abnormalities in conveyance.

Next, the operation will be explained.

First, a raw material 101 consisting of natural clay, clay, water reducing agent, and water is prepared. In addition, the weight%
61.5% natural clay, 20% siyamoto, water reducer 0.5
% (product name Cellflow: manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.), water
18% was mixed with a clay mixer (MP-100 model: manufactured by Miyazaki Tekko Co., Ltd.). In addition, the extrusion molding machine 103 has a model name MV-FM-A- with an extrusion capacity of 100 to 150/hr.
Type 1 (manufactured by Miyazaki Tekko Co., Ltd.) was used. The pump 107
Air is set to be supplied to the core with the hollow part forming part at 2HP, and the wavelength of the heater 108 is 4μ~.
400μ far infrared panel heater between 10 meters
By arranging 20 of them, the moisture inside the molding zone A is diffused to the surface, speeding up dehydration and reducing the moisture content to 10%. Dryer 109 has a length of 200 between approximately 10 and 30 m.
The temperature rises to ~300℃, and the temperature was set at 300℃ and 10 meters. In addition, in the firing furnace 112, the preheating area 113 raises the temperature from 150 to 800°C over a period of 8 m, and the firing area 114 raises the temperature from 800 to 1300°C over a period of 5 m.
The cooling area 115 has a configuration in which the temperature drops from 1300 to 100°C in 8 m. Furthermore, the extrusion speed of forming band A was increased to 0.5
~20m/min, the mesh belt 122 is arranged between the heater 108 and the dryer 109, and the preheating area 1
13 and the cooling area 115 were formed of stainless steel rollers, and the firing area 114 was formed of an alumina roller. In addition,
The pass lines of forming band A are at the same height, and
The moving speed was set to synchronize with the extrusion speed.
Therefore, the raw material 101 is supplied to an extrusion molding machine 103 via a belt conveyor 102, and from the outlet thereof a forming band A as shown in FIG. 3A is continuously fed to a heater 108 via a mesh belt 122.
The heater 108 reduces the moisture content of the molding band A to about 10%, and sends it to the dryer 109. The dryer 109 makes the moisture content 5 to 0% and sends it to the firing furnace 112.
Preheating → firing → cooling and release the long ceramic plate from the outlet 112b
The ceramic plate A' is sent out and cut into regular lengths, such as 2424 mm, 3030 mm, and 3636 mm, using a traveling cutter 125 to obtain long ceramic plates A'.

What has been described above is only one embodiment of the apparatus according to the present invention, and a glazing machine (corresponding to the reference numeral 13b in FIG. 1) may be provided between the dryer 109 and the firing furnace 112.

According to the continuous manufacturing apparatus for long ceramic products according to the embodiments described above, extrusion of raw materials, reduction of moisture, drying, firing, and cooling can be carried out in a straight line and within a short time, and moreover, at high speed, as a continuous band. It has great features that can be manufactured. In addition, infrared rays, hot air using waste heat, and an air cycle in the hollow part of forming zone A were used to reduce the moisture content of the raw materials.
It is low cost, can smoothly reduce moisture in a short time, and can be manufactured in large quantities with high efficiency. Furthermore, since the length of ceramic products can be cut to any length, it is possible to solve the disadvantages of conventional fired products, such as deformation caused by compaction, especially dimensional errors caused by shrinkage in the length direction.

Next, a continuous manufacturing apparatus for long ceramic products according to a second embodiment will be explained in detail with reference to FIG. 3c and FIGS. 8a and 8b to 10. This is the first
The apparatus of the embodiment includes a drilling machine 130 (numeral 7 in FIG. 1).
equivalent) and glazing machine 131 (symbol 13b in Fig. 1)
equivalent) can be freely combined. The punching machine 130 is installed next to the extrusion molding machine 103 as shown in FIG. 8a, and nails 133 are planted on the outer peripheral surface of the roller 132 at appropriate intervals as shown in FIG. 8b. As shown in FIG. 3c, ventilation holes 134 are formed only on the back side of the extruded forming strip A in synchronization with the extrusion speed. In addition, ventilation hole 13
4 is effective in shortening the drying time by performing an air cycle in the hollow part B of the forming band A. The drilling machine 130 has a nail 133 with a diameter of 2 mmφ and a height of about 5 mm. Furthermore, the drilling machine 13
0 can also adopt a perforated plate 1041 with comb-shaped blades as shown in FIGS. It is driven through the Note that the perforated plate 1041 is provided with a through hole 1041a through which the perforated plate 1041 can reciprocate up and down or left and right. Further, 1041b in the figure indicates a comb-shaped blade.

The glazing machine 131 is a glaze applicator 136 that applies glaze 135 to the forming band A using a spray gun, flow coater, etc.
(a spray gun in the figure), a conveyor belt 137, and a glaze receiver 138, and the conveyor belt 137 is
A belt or the like is hooked between rollers 139 as shown in FIG. The conveyor belt 137 shown in the figure is a V-belt with knife edges. In this way, the punching machine 130 and the glazing machine 1
In the second embodiment, in which 31 is combined with the apparatus of the first embodiment, extrusion of raw materials, reduction of moisture using hollow parts and ventilation holes, glaze application, drying, firing, and cooling are performed in a straight line and in a short time. It has the great feature that it can be manufactured as a continuous band within a short period of time and at high speed. Also,
To reduce the moisture content of raw materials, we use a hollow structure, ventilation holes, infrared rays, and hot air using waste heat, so it is low cost.
Moreover, it has the characteristics of being able to smoothly reduce moisture content in a short time and also being able to be manufactured in large quantities with high efficiency. Also,
Glaze application can easily be done during continuous production as required.

In the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2, a heater 108 is interposed between the extrusion molding machine 103 and the dryer 109.
8 may be removed and the extrusion molding machine 103 and dryer 109 may be directly connected. At this time, as shown in FIG. 11 as Embodiment 3, a conveyor 140 such as a free roller, a mesh belt, a cloth belt, a steel belt, etc. is provided between the two machines, and the molded dough-like material sent out from the nozzle 104 is mainly conveyed. If the forming band A is conveyed to the next process in its extruded state, it will serve as an observation zone for the extrusion situation. Of course, it can also be used as an embossing section by the embossing roller R. Furthermore, it can also be used as a correction section with a configuration consisting only of free rollers. Further, in place of the dryer 109 that uses waste heat from the firing furnace 112, an infrared heater, a far-infrared heater, a microwave heater, or the like can be used. In particular, when the far-infrared heater irradiates far-infrared rays to quartz, kaolin, etc., which are one of the components in raw material 1, the highly penetrating heat rays can dry the surface and center layers of forming zone A in a short time. Are suitable.

Further, a fourth embodiment is constructed as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 a to d. That is, in the figure, 201 is a raw material made of one type or several types of clay, and an extrusion molding machine 202 (first
(corresponding to the molding machine 2 in the figure). For example, the extrusion molding machine 202 continuously forms a molding band A from a die 203 with a cross-sectional shape as shown in FIGS.
is extruded and sent to the next process.

Examples of the raw material 201 include pottery stone, feldspar, kaolinite, halloysite, sericite, kibushi clay,
Crush clay, etc., and add alumina, zirconia, talc, magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate, etc. to this, then add water and if necessary, inorganic fibers (asbestos, glass fiber, calc fiber), pulp. 0.5~ depending on the purpose
Added at 30% or less (weight ratio), and inorganic peptizers (sodium silicate, soda carbonate, sodium phosphate, sodium aluminate, lithium carbonate) as water reducing agents.
Organic peptizers (diethylamine, ethylamine,
One or more of naphthalene, sulfonic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, and MC are added in an amount of about 0.01 to 1% and mixed in a rough kneader.

Furthermore, the base 203 described above is not deformed by the force of extrusion of the clay 201, and
If necessary, a core with a hollow part forming part as shown in FIGS. 5a and 5b is attached. In addition, a device for supplying high temperature and discharging moisture and water is connected to the middle of the core 105 with the forming part for the hollow part, so that the hollow part of the hollow dough forming band is dried more quickly and completely. You can also do that. 204 is the straightening machine and the base 2
03, a plurality of free rollers 204a are formed in a ladder shape, matching the height of the cap 203.
Flat rollers are arranged horizontally so that the dough-like forming band A extruded from 3 can be moved immediately without bending to the left or right. Of course, even if the forming band A is extruded from the die 203 in a somewhat curved manner, it is guided so as to be sent out straight from the die 203 by the frictional resistance with the free roller 204a. In particular, its function is further enhanced by the synergistic effect with the conveyor 205.

That is, the conveyor 205 is composed of one type of roller, cloth belt, etc., has a speed slightly faster than the moving speed of the forming band A, for example, with a speed difference of about 0.1 to 5%, and is driven faster than the straightening machine 204. In this way, the forming band A is conveyed under tension, and is moved linearly by the frictional resistance between the forming band A and the free roller 204a to prevent deformation. Of course, straightening machine 20
4. The conveyor 205 serves to convey the molded band A sent out from the die 203 to the next process in the extruded state, and also as a zone for observing the extrusion situation.

Reference numeral 206 is a dryer for drying the molded band A containing about 15 to 25% moisture to about 1% in a short time of about 5 minutes to several hours, and the heat source 207 is an infrared heater, One or more of far-infrared heaters, microwaves, hot air, etc. are used. In particular, infrared and far infrared heaters use far infrared rays to
When irradiated with quartz, feldspar, etc., which are one of the components in 01, the synergistic effect of far infrared rays emitted from these components is used to dry the surface and center layers of forming zone A in a short time. be.

Reference numeral 208 denotes a conveyance mechanism, which is a heat-resistant conveyor roller or a mesh belt (not shown), and is a conveyor mechanism that is heat-resistant.
is conveyed at an extrusion speed in one direction, and consists of a free roller 208a for the drying zone to about 8 to 6%, and a drive roller 208b synchronized with the speed of the forming band A from this point onward. It is.

Reference numeral 209 denotes a traveling cutter which cuts the forming band A into an arbitrary length, for example, about 300 to 4000 mm, by any means such as a rotary blade, a laser beam, an electrical discharge machine, or a wire cutter. Of course, the traveling cutter 209 cuts the forming band A in synchronization with the extrusion speed. Note that the speed of the forming band A is the speed in this state when it is extruded from the extrusion molding machine 202, and the speed of the forming band A during drying is a speed corresponding to the shrinkage ratio. Reference numeral 210 is a device for sending the cut dry plate C into a fixed length by a take-out mechanism to the next process at a speed faster than the speed at which the cut dry plate C is sent out from the extrusion molding machine 202 using a driving roller belt or the like. .
211 is a firing furnace, which consists of a roller hearth kiln and a tunnel type firing furnace, and its configuration is as follows:
There is a mountain-like temperature distribution from a to the outlet 211b, and the temperature distribution is divided into a preheating area 212, a firing area 213, and a cooling area 214 in this order.

According to the apparatus of the fourth embodiment, since the straightening machine is interposed between the extrusion molding machine and the conveying machine, the dough-like continuous molded band can be immediately sent to the drying oven without deformation, so deformation is less than before. This can be significantly reduced.

Furthermore, as a fifth embodiment, FIGS.
As shown in Figures a to f, in Figure 14, 30
1 is a raw material, which is a mixture of several kinds of raw materials and syamoto etc. added as needed via a kneading machine (not shown), and is supplied to an extrusion molding machine 303 via a belt conveyor 302. be. The extrusion molding machine 303, for example,
The raw material 30 is continuously fed in the shape shown in Figure 5 a to f.
1 is extrusion molded into a shape having a hollow part B. To explain further, the hollow part forming part 305a of the hollow part forming part core 305 has a vertical cross-sectional shape corresponding to the cross-sectional shape, for example, a square, of the hollow part B of the forming band A made of the dough to be formed, and It is formed in a hollow shape, and an air supply pipe 306 is fixed at its tip, so-called near the tip or near the base as shown in FIGS. 5a and 5b, and this air supply pipe 3
06 is connected to the pump 307, and by forcibly feeding hot air, hot air, and dry air to the hollow part B of the forming band A, an air cycle in the hollow part B is forcibly performed, and the forming band This is effective in significantly shortening the drying time of A.

308 is a dryer with infrared and microwave heat sources 3
09 and a conveying section 310, and is effective in drying the forming zone A from the center to the surface layer in a short time by a synergistic effect with the air cycle caused by internal surface evaporation in the hollow section B. This is to reduce the moisture content of the molded band A from, for example, 15 to 25% to about 0 to 5%, to strengthen its shape retention and to make it sinterable. The dryer 308 uses far-infrared heaters, microwaves only, or alternately, or is arranged in front and rear zones, and heats the atmosphere to about 800 to 500 degrees Celsius so that the fabric does not crack or deform. It heats according to the curve. Further, the conveyance section 310 is composed of one or more types of free rollers, drive rollers, belts (not shown), mesh belts, and the like.
Of course, the heat release device 311 of the firing furnace 314, which will be described later,
can also be installed.

312 is a running cutter (corresponding to the number 4a in Fig. 1) that is used to cut the dried formed strip A into a fixed length using a rotary blade, laser, water pressure, or electric discharge machining, and a long dry plate A″ (hereinafter referred to as , simply referred to as a drying plate).313 is a transfer machine (numeral 14 in FIG. 11).
This is for delivering the drying plate A'' cut into a fixed length by the traveling cutter 32 to the firing furnace 314.

The firing furnace 314 (corresponding to the reference numeral 5a in FIG. 1) has a mountain-shaped temperature distribution from the inlet 314a to the outlet 314b, and has a preheating area 315, a firing area 316,
The temperature of the preheating area 315 is approximately 150 to 700°C, and the temperature of the baking area 31 is approximately 150 to 700°C.
6 is about 800-1350℃, cooling area 317 is about 600-1350℃
The temperature is up to about 100℃. Of course, clay 30
The temperature setting between each region is different depending on the type and composition of 1, and the temperature between each region is not clearly divided, but is a temporary division in continuous firing.

To further explain the firing furnace 314, the firing furnace 314 burns petroleum or combustible gas, such as LPG gas, to fire the drying plate A″, and burners (not shown) for this purpose are arranged in each region. A firing furnace 31 is also provided.
A mesh belt, a metal roller, a ceramic roller, etc. are used as a conveyance means for the drying plate A'' in the drying area 316, but since the temperature rises to about 1350°C in the firing area 316, for example, as shown in FIG. A high alumina roller 320, which is a ceramic crawler, is placed between the main shafts 318 and 319 to convey the heat so as not to transmit heat to the drive source. 321 is a cover and is an area where the drying plate A'' flows linearly. It is used to keep people warm and has excellent insulation properties. Note that the firing area 3 of the firing furnace 314
16 is a furnace made of fire bricks, ceramic fibers, etc., through which the furnace is passed continuously in a straight line, and an exhaust damper (not shown) is provided between each device and area. It is.

Reference numerals 322 and 323 denote conveying machines, which are composed of one or more types of rollers or belts, for example, and the conveying machine 322 is a conveyor machine made up of one or more types of rollers or belts.
This is to transport the long ceramic plates A' whose A'' has become the long ceramic plates A' at a speed faster than the speed at which they are fed from the firing furnace 314 to prevent collisions between the long ceramic plates A'. It is provided as necessary, and if the conveyance section 310 is a free roller, the base 30
The forming band A extruded from 4 is pulled at a speed that is synchronized with the extrusion speed or at a somewhat higher speed, and the conveyor section 310
The conveying section 310 consisting of free rollers is useful for correcting the forming band A when it is deformed by the extrusion molding machine 303 and the conveying machine 323.

Next, the operation will be explained.

First, a raw material 301 consisting of natural clay, clay, water reducing agent, and water is prepared. In addition, the weight%
61.5% natural clay, 20% siyamoto, water reducer 0.3
% (product name Cellflow: manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.), water
18% was kneaded using a clay kneader (model MP-100, manufactured by Miyazaki Tekko Co., Ltd.). In addition, the extrusion molding machine 303 has a model name MV-FM-A with an extrusion capacity of 100 to 150/hr.
-1 type (manufactured by Miyazaki Tekko Co., Ltd.) was used. pump 307
is set to intake or exhaust at 5 HP,
The dryer 308 has 20 far-infrared panel heaters with a wavelength of 4μ to 400μ arranged in an interval of 10 meters, and the moisture in the forming zone A is evaporated on the surface by radiation and inside by hot air at about 30℃ supplied from the air supply pipe 306. The water content is reduced to about 0 to 2% by diffusion in about 10 minutes and then dried. Next, the dried forming strip A is cut into 3 m pieces by a traveling cutter 312.
The dried plate A'' is continuously fed to a firing furnace 314 by a transfer device 313.This firing furnace 314
is formed in a roller hearth kiln structure, and the drying plate A'' is sequentially fed and conveyed to the rollers from the inlet 314a to the outlet 314b, and is preheated, fired, and gradually cooled, and sent out as a long ceramic plate A'. It is something that

According to this fifth embodiment, the extrusion of clay, rapid drying, and slow firing of long ceramic plates can be carried out in a straight line arranged in this order, and can be produced continuously at high speed, high yield, and low cost. It has the characteristics that it can be manufactured. In addition, the reduction of moisture in the clay is achieved through the synergistic effect of infrared rays, hot air using waste heat (surface evaporation), and internal diffusion caused by the air cycle in the hollow part of the forming zone, allowing the forming zone to last for a long time without deformation or cracking. It has the characteristics of being able to reduce the moisture content of shakuta at low cost, in a short time, and in large quantities with high efficiency. Furthermore, the length of the ceramic plate can be cut to any desired length. Another feature of the production line is that the drying process can be shortened to approximately 1/160 of the previous one, greatly improving installation space and production volume.

Further, as a sixth embodiment, in the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 14, when cutting the forming strip A, a traveling cutter 312 is arranged at a position 1 to 2 m away from the outlet of the dryer 308, However, since the air pumped inside the hollow part B is sent to the end of the forming band A in a state containing a large amount of water vapor, if the degree of water vapor is large, it may dry out in some cases. The cut part, especially the end of the cut, may be deformed or cracked. Therefore, in this sixth embodiment, the traveling cutter 312 is installed at the outlet of the dryer 308 with almost no gap, so that the forming band A is immediately cut at the outlet. Incidentally, in FIG. 14, this "traveling cutter" is indicated by the reference numeral 324.

Further, the outlet portion 325 of the dryer 308 is formed and arranged to be long so as to cover the forming band A up to just before the position where the dried forming band A is to be cut. This is because when the forming band A passes through the dryer 308 during cutting and there is a distance to the traveling cutter 312 for the next process, the distance is cooled, and the water vapor in the hollow part B of the forming band A turns into water. This is because in some cases, it may have an adverse effect on the cut end, such as deformation or cracking.
By extending the outlet portion 325 of No. 8 toward the running cutter 324 side, the forming band A is further improved to prevent deformation cracks and the like from appearing.

Further, in the seventh embodiment, as shown in FIG. 16, a glazing machine 326 and a drying heater 327 are interposed between the running cutter 312 and the firing furnace 314. Other parts are substantially the same as those of the fifth embodiment (FIG. 14), so common parts are denoted by the same reference numerals and redundant explanation will be omitted.

326 is a glazing machine (corresponding to the reference numeral 13a in Fig. 1), which includes a sprayer, a curtain flow coater, a roller,
It consists of one type of screen printing, etc., and glaze 329 is applied in one or multiple stages to the necessary locations on the decorative surface of drying plate A''.
9 is a well-known compound or a newly formulated compound, and is used to form a color, thickness, and pattern according to the purpose. 327 is a drying heater that evaporates or volatilizes some of the moisture in the glaze 329, and evaporates or volatilizes it at about 50 to 450° C. in about 1 to 5 minutes. Note that if the preheating region 315 of the firing furnace 314 is long and the temperature is low, it may be unnecessary. According to the seventh embodiment, in addition to the advantages of the sixth embodiment, there is an advantage that a long ceramic product with a beautiful decorative surface can be obtained.

Next, as an eighth embodiment, in the fifth embodiment as shown in FIGS. 5a and 5b and FIG. Formation part 30 for each hollow part
5a is provided with an air supply pipe 306, and furthermore, a dryer 308 using the far infrared heater and microwave as the heat source of the fifth embodiment is used, but in this eighth embodiment, a microwave heater 331 and an infrared heater are used. 332
are arranged in order in the dryer 308.

That is, the dryer 308 is formed from a short-time heating function section in which a microwave heater 331 and a far-infrared heater 332 are arranged in this order, and a conveyance section 310. By doing so, it becomes more effective to dry the forming zone A from the center to the surface layer in a short time due to the synergistic effect with the air cycle due to the internal surface evaporation. The reason for this is that when the microwave heater 331 and the far-infrared heater 332 are arranged in order in the dryer 308, the moisture present in the center of the hollow part B of the molded band A extruded by the microwave heater 331 is removed at the initial stage. At this stage, about 6 to 10% of the water content is evaporated from the central part in a short time, and then the far-infrared heater 332 and the hollow part forming part 305a, which have relatively deep heating penetration and can set a high temperature, are installed. This is because the residual moisture is evaporated by the synergistic effect of the supply of air, etc., and the moisture content is dried to about 0 to 5%. The heating is done by dividing the dough into front and rear zones, and heating the atmosphere to about 200 to 500°C in accordance with a certain heating curve that does not cause cracks or deformation of the dough. Note that the microwave heating device 331 and the far-infrared heater 332 may be arranged in sequence in multiple stages to further increase the drying efficiency.

In addition, as a ninth embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 17 to 19 a and b, a hollow part forming part is attached for forming a hollow part B when extrusion molding the forming band A into a hollow shape. Air, hot air, dry air,
An air supply pipe 40 that connects a pump 407 that supplies warm air, steam, etc. and a core 405 with a hollow part forming part.
6 from the extrusion molding machine 403
The dryer 409 is parallel to the traveling direction of the dryer 409 and connected in a straight line, so that air etc. can be efficiently supplied to the hollow part B, and a synergistic effect with the dryer 409 enables quick drying. That is, the hollow part forming part 40
Air, hot air, drying air, warm air, and steam are supplied to the hollow part B through 5a to promote drying from the inside of the forming zone A, and hot air from the dryer 409 is supplied from the outside.
The forming band A can be quickly dried by heating with one or more types of far infrared rays, microwaves, etc., and an air supply pipe 406 etc. that connects the core 405 with a pump 407 for supplying air etc. is extruded. By connecting in a straight line parallel to the traveling direction of the forming band A extruded from the forming machine 403, air etc. can be efficiently sucked into and exhausted from the hollow part B, thereby reducing surface evaporation and internal diffusion. Drying time 5-30 depending on balance
The drying method is designed to significantly shorten the length by a fraction of a second, and to dry it without twisting or cracking. For this reason, the extrusion molding machine 403 has an approximately L-shape in the vicinity of the mouthpiece 404, as shown in FIG. Further, the cap 404 is not deformed by the force of extruding the raw material 401, and is equipped with a core 405 with a hollow part forming part.
Moreover, the core 405 with the forming part for the hollow part is shown in FIG.
As shown in b, the forming zone A has a plurality of hollow forming parts 405a for forming the hollow part B, and also for feeding air, hot air, dry air, and steam to the hollow part B in a corrective manner. The hollow part forming part 405a is pipe-shaped and connected to the pump 407 through an air supply pipe 406. In addition, when the suction and exhaust pipes 406 and the core 405 with the hollow part forming part are connected in a straight line and installed in the extrusion molding machine 403 so as to be parallel to the advancing direction of the molding band A, the raw material 4
By eliminating unnecessary resistance to the flow of 01, it is possible to easily prevent uneven density distribution of the forming band A, and it is also possible to efficiently supply air, etc. to form the hollow part B in a straight line, and to form the hollow part B. It promotes drying in B, internal diffusion of moisture, and is useful for rapid drying.

Reference numeral 408 denotes a driving conveyor, which is composed of one or more types of free rollers, drive rollers, belts, mesh belts (not shown), etc.
The drive is applied at a speed corresponding to the same speed as the speed of the forming band A extruded from No. 3 or slightly faster. 409 is a dryer, and a driving conveyor 40
8, or all of it (not shown).

Next, the 10th embodiment will be explained using FIGS. 20 and 21. This 10th embodiment is a type in which the microwave heater 331 and the far-infrared heater 332 described in the 8th embodiment are sequentially arranged. Dryer 3
This is a further improvement of 08. In the case of a dryer that uses a microwave heater or a far-infrared heater (for example, dryer 308 in Figure 14), it is difficult to raise the temperature of the material to be dried to around 130°C with the microwave heater, and rapid heating is difficult. This resulted in an explosion, and in addition, the equipment and energy costs were more expensive than far-infrared heaters. In addition, although far-infrared heaters take longer to reach the inside of the material to be dried than microwave heaters, they are more cost-effective than microwave heaters in raising the internal temperature. There were pros and cons. In addition, there are various issues that need to be improved, such as treatment to prevent condensation of a large amount of water vapor generated during drying, and the transportation structure for drying objects to be dried, such as deformation due to frictional resistance between objects to be dried and conveyor belts, and problems with long objects. There was uneven heating of the microwave.

Therefore, next to the vacuum extrusion molding machine 501, the molding band A is
a microwave heating machine 503 that has good penetration into the interior of the
Next, a far-infrared heater 5 increases the temperature of the material to be dried.
13, and the microwave heater 503
This is a system with various innovations added to it.

20 and 21, reference numeral 503 is a microwave heating machine, which has a continuous oven structure, and mainly penetrates into the inside of the forming zone A to generate thermal energy using microwaves without requiring time for heat conduction. This is to convert the molding band A into heat and evaporate the moisture in the forming zone A by generating heat in a few seconds to a few minutes. In addition, during extrusion molding, the moisture content in molding band A is 25 to 15% by weight.
5 to 10% of it is evaporated. Particularly, this kind of molded band A shrinks in volume until the moisture content reaches about 5 to 8%, but when the moisture content falls below that level, the volume does not shrink. Therefore, to specifically explain the microwave heating device 503, it includes a waveguide 504 that guides microwaves emitted from a microwave oscillator (not shown) to a required location, a reflection plate 505 that reflects the guided microwaves, It consists of a rotating blade 506 that stirs the reflected microwaves, a receiving roller with a free roller structure that moves the forming band A at the extrusion speed, and a type of drive belt, preferably a free roller that can also irradiate the microwave from the back side. It consists of a conveyance section 507, an inlet and an outlet 508, 509 of the forming band A, an outlet 511 that guides air etc. to the heated space 510, and an enclosure 512 that surrounds the microwave to prevent it from leaking to the outside. It is something. In addition, the entrance,
The outlets 508 and 509 have a structure and length that prevent microwaves from leaking to the outside. Further, the heated space 510 of the forming band A is, for example, about 1 to 5 m, although it varies depending on the purpose.
Furthermore, since the molding band A shrinks by about 10%, the conveyance section 507 is preferably a free roller in order to compensate for the speed difference.

Here, to further add about the microwave heating machine 503, the purpose of the microwave heating machine 503 is to dry the forming band A uniformly, efficiently, and quickly. Deformation and destruction are likely to occur, and it is necessary to have a structure that prevents this from occurring and also does not generate sparks due to microwaves. In addition, as a method of irradiating the heated space 510 with microwaves, not only the reflected waves from the reflecting plate 505 but also the forming zone A
It is also possible to directly irradiate microwaves from the waveguide 504. Moreover, in order to prevent heat generation from the inside of the molding band A and expansion caused by the microwave irradiation, air is simultaneously applied to the surface of the molding band A (the exposed surface in the heated space 510) and the internal space, And by cycling, a large amount of water vapor is transferred to the forming zone A and the heated space 510.
dissipates to the outside, causing molding band A to overheat,
It is essential to have a configuration that can eliminate the negative effects of deformation, and this configuration is designed to meet this requirement.

513 uses a far infrared heater to remove moisture in molding zone A by 5
In order to reduce the temperature to 0%, the temperature of the molding zone A is raised to 130°C or higher. Its structure consists of a conveyance mechanism 514 consisting of a free roller and a drive belt, a far-infrared heater body 515, and a heat insulation box 516.
The heating zone is about 2 to 10 meters. Of course, the heating zone differs depending on the thickness, width, size, and conveyance speed of the semi-dry forming band A.

Next, the operation will be explained.

First, clay consisting of natural clay, clay, water reducing agent, and water is prepared as a raw material. The weight percentages are, for example, 61.5% natural clay, 18% siyamoto,
0.3% water reducing agent (trade name: Cellflow, manufactured by Dai-ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.) and 20% water were kneaded using a clay kneader (model MP-100, manufactured by Miyazaki Tekko Co., Ltd.). Further, as the vacuum extrusion molding machine 501, a model MV-FM-A-1 (manufactured by Miyazaki Tekko Co., Ltd.) having an extrusion capacity of 100 to 150/hr was used. In addition, the transfer mechanism 502 includes a free roller and a drive belt conveyor arranged in this order, and the microwave heating device 503 has a frequency of 2450MHz,
The output is 5 kW, the length of the heated space 510 is 3 m, and if necessary, a large amount of air is supplied to the heated space 510 by the enclosure 5.
It is fed from one wall surface of 12, and the inlet and outlet 508, 5
The structure is such that water vapor generated during heating is released from 09 to the outside, reducing the water vapor pressure in the space to be heated 510, and preventing condensation water from forming on the object to be heated and the inner wall of the enclosure 512. , transport section 5
07 was a free roller made of a Teflon pipe. Further, the far-infrared heater 513 is a plurality of far-infrared heaters arranged in a zone of approximately 3 to 10 m, and the output thereof is, for example, 20 kW. Note that the microwave heating machine 503 removes moisture from the forming zone A.
Evaporate 18% (wt%) to 12% (wt%),
The remaining water was set to be evaporated by the far-infrared heater 513. Furthermore, vacuum extrusion molding machine 5
The extrusion speed of No. 01 was 100 to 2000 mm/min, and here it was set to 400 mm/min. In addition, the pass lines of the forming band A (here, a continuous forming band) are set at the same height, and the forming band A is fed to the microwave heating machine 503 by the drive belt at the same extrusion speed of the vacuum extrusion molding machine 501. The free roller of the conveying section 507 in the wave heating machine 503 is designed to absorb the difference in speed due to volumetric contraction due to water evaporation. Therefore, the clay supplied to the vacuum extrusion molding machine 501 is sent out from the outlet in a continuous body with a predetermined cross section. The sent forming band A is sent to the microwave heating machine 503 via the transfer mechanism 502, and while passing through the heated space 510 of the microwave heating machine 503, the moisture in the forming band A is reduced to 12% (weight ratio). The water was reduced in 5 minutes, and then sent from the outlet to a far-infrared heater 513, where the water was evaporated to 1% (weight ratio) or less in about 10 minutes and dried. As a result, the forming band A, which is a continuous band from the exit of the vacuum extrusion molding machine 501 to the far-infrared heater 513, is approximately
The dried product could be sent to the next process in 15 to 20 minutes. Then, this dried continuous band-shaped forming band A is cut into regular lengths by a traveling cutter 517 and sent to a glazing process or a firing process (not shown).

What has been described above is only one embodiment of the quick drying device for forming band A according to the present invention, and a cutter is provided at the position shown by the dashed-dotted line in FIG. Microwave heating machine 5
03. It is also possible to supply warm air or hot air (shown only to the far infrared heater 513) to the far infrared heater 513 to further shorten the drying time.

According to the 10th embodiment, a formed strip (short length) containing about 25 to 15% moisture (weight ratio) or a continuous product thereof is cracked, exploded, twisted, etc. by a two-step heating process.
No warping, and drying time is 1/100 to 300 times faster than before.
It has the characteristic that it can be shortened to . Furthermore, although the volume of the forming band shrinks by about 10% compared to when it is extruded, there is an advantage that the conveying speed due to this shrinks without any adverse effect on the forming band A and can be absorbed and transferred to the next process.

In the 11th embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 20 and 21, a large amount of air is supplied to the heated space of the microwave heating machine 503, and a large amount of water vapor generated during drying is directed out of the heated space. The molding zone A can be continuously dried in a short time of about 10 minutes to 1 hour by releasing condensation on the surface of the molding zone A and preventing dew condensation from adhering to the inner wall of the heated space. It is much more compact than previous products and can dry quickly without cracking, warping, twisting, or exploding. In order to perform the above-mentioned function, an air supply port 518 is provided in the enclosure 512 described in the tenth embodiment.
is provided, and this air supply port 518 is connected to a compressor,
They are connected by an air cycle prime mover 519 capable of blowing or suctioning air (including dry air, hot air, and air) such as a ring blower. In this way, in the eleventh embodiment, the air cycle prime mover 51
9, a large amount of air can be supplied into the heated space 510 from the air supply port 518, so when this air is released to the outside from the inlet and outlet 508, 509 of the enclosure 512, the inside of the heated space 510 is This results in the release of water vapor at the same time. Therefore, the water vapor pressure in the heated space 510 can be lowered and dew condensation on the inner wall of the enclosure 512 can be prevented more efficiently.

Furthermore, the twelfth embodiment has six
01 is an extrusion molding machine that continuously extrudes a raw material mainly made of clay into a forming band A having a cross-sectional shape shown in FIGS. 100-2000 depending on
It is around mm/min.

602 is a transfer machine in which a free roller 603 and a drive belt conveyor 604 are arranged in this order.
Molding band A sent out from the exit of extrusion molding machine 601
This is useful for conveying the soft molded band A smoothly and continuously to the next process at the same speed as the extrusion speed and on the extension line of the outlet without deformation such as warping or twisting. In particular, the free roller 603 is useful for conveying the forming band A in an extruded state without static frictional resistance, and the drive belt conveyor 604 is useful for conveying the forming band A in an extruded state at a position about 0.5 to 2 m away from the exit, and the drive belt conveyor 604 is useful for conveying the forming band A in an extruded state at a position about 0.5 to 2 m away from the exit. In order to prevent the force from compressing and shrinking due to the weight of the extruded part that was extruded earlier, the forming band A is moved at almost the same speed as during extrusion.
are continuously transferred to the next process. 605
is a microwave heating machine, which has a continuous oven structure that is substantially the same as that of the tenth embodiment. That is, a waveguide 606 that guides the microwave M emitted from a microwave oscillator (not shown) to a desired location, a reflecting plate 607 that reflects the guided microwave M, and a rotary blade 608 that stirs the reflected microwave M.
(shown in FIG. 21) and a conveying section 610 consisting of a free roller 609 that moves the forming band A at an extrusion speed.
and filter parts 611 and 622 that act as the inlet and outlet of the forming zone A and attenuate the microwave M so that it does not leak to the outside, and air etc. are connected to the heated space 6.
Air supply port 614 and microwave M guided to 13
and an enclosure 615 that surrounds the heated space 613 to prevent leakage to the outside.

In this way, in the twelfth embodiment, the extrusion molding machine 601
A free roller 603 rotates at a speed almost in sync with the extrusion speed of the forming band A and a continuous oven type microwave heating machine 605 that quickly reduces moisture in the forming band A sent out from the extrusion molding machine 601. Transfer machine 60 consisting of a drive belt conveyor 604
2 is the extrusion molding machine 601 and the microwave heating machine 6
It is provided on the same line as the pass line between 05, and the conveying section 6 of the microwave heating machine
10 has a free roller structure, and an air supply port 614 is provided in the microwave heating zone.

According to this twelfth embodiment, the molding strip A containing about 25 to 15% (weight ratio) of moisture is smoothly and continuously removed from the exit of the molding machine 601 in a soft continuous state without being deformed by the microwave heating device 605 (primary drying process). The microwave heating machine 605 can absorb the volume shrinkage of the forming band A during drying without adversely affecting the forming band A and feed it to the next process, and the drying time can be reduced from the previous 1. It has the characteristic of being shortened to 1/100 to 1/300. Furthermore, in this example, since the process from extrusion to drying was arranged in a linear manner, the elongated body can be semi-dryed smoothly.

In addition, as shown in FIGS. 23 to 25, in the 13th embodiment, an extrusion molding machine 701 is followed by a transfer machine 709 that smoothly transfers the molding band A to the next process, and then a continuous belt-shaped hollow extrusion molding band A. Microwave heater 712 that evaporates about 1/3 of the water content of the forming zone A in a short time (about 1 to 30 minutes), and then reduces the water content of this forming zone A to 1% or less in a short time of about 1 to 30 minutes, for example. The far infrared heater devices 726 are arranged in the order of reducing the amount of light. Then, the water vapor accumulated inside the hollow part during heating is blown away by air (air, dry air) blown from the air outlet provided in the core of the extrusion molding machine 701, thereby reducing the water vapor pressure and reducing the pressure inside the hollow part. In addition to increasing heating efficiency, it eliminates dew condensation that occurs inside the hollow part to equalize the water content ratio in the hollow part and the surface layer of the forming band A, and also removes water vapor in the microwave heating space and water vapor on the surface of the hollow extrusion forming band A to the outside. By blowing away the air, the dew condensation on the surface and the inner wall of the heated space 719 are prevented, and the drying efficiency and drying time are further improved by constantly blowing away the inner and outer wall surfaces of the hollow extrusion molding zone A with air. The drying time has been reduced to about 1/10 to 1/300 of the previous one, and long hollow ceramic products can be continuously dried using equipment that is much more compact than before, without deformation such as cracking, warping, twisting, or explosion of the dried material. It can be dried. In the figure, reference numeral 702 denotes a cap, and air can be freely supplied from a pump 707 to a core (not shown) disposed inside the cap via a hose 708. 70
9 is a transfer device, 710 is a free roller, 711 is a drive belt, 716 is a conveyance section, 717 and 718 are inlets and outlets, 719 is a space to be heated, 720 is an air inlet/outlet, 721 is an enclosure, 727 is a conveyance mechanism, 7
28 is a far infrared heater, 729 is a heat insulation box, 730
indicate running cutters. Further, 713 is a waveguide that guides the microwave M oscillated from a microwave oscillator (not shown) to a desired location. 7
14 is a reflecting plate that reflects the guided microwave M. The method of introducing this microwave M will be shown in detail in the following 14th embodiment. The air inlet/outlet 720 is connected to the pump 707 via a hose 748. Furthermore, in the conveying section 716, microwaves, air, etc. are uniformly irradiated or blown onto the forming band A from the front, back, and side surfaces, and the entire forming band A shrinks by about 10% when it dries. , the forming band A can be conveyed while absorbing this. To illustrate an example, as shown in FIGS. 24a and 24b, a fixed core rod 72
2 and a pipe-shaped free roller 7 made of Teflon.
23, a core rod support 724 as shown in FIG. 25, and a shielding plate 725 provided as necessary.
16. To explain further, in FIG. 24a, the free roller 723 has a width divided into three parts to reduce the resistance when passing through the forming band A, and in FIG. 24b, the free roller 723 has a single free roller 723.
It is 23'. In addition, the core rod support 724 is provided with a passage hole 724a so that the microwave M is irradiated from the back surface of the forming band A as well. In addition, when the forming band A is a long body, the shielding plate 725 physically suppresses high density irradiation of the microwave M on the upper part and both ends in the longitudinal direction, and achieves uniform heating. It is useful.

The fourteenth embodiment is an improved microwave heating machine, as shown in FIGS. 26 and 27.

That is, in FIGS. 26 and 27, 80
1 is a waveguide for guiding the microwave M generated from a microwave oscillator (not shown) to a desired location. Reference numeral 802 is a reflector that serves to change the direction of the microwave M and disperse it into the heated space 803, and 804 is a rotating blade that stirs the reflected microwave M and distributes it evenly into the heated space 803. It is something that is dispersed. 805 is a roller conveyor that mainly irradiates or blows microwaves M, air, etc. onto the forming band A uniformly, and when the forming band A dries, about 10% of the entire shrinkage occurs, so while absorbing this, The structure is such that the forming band A can be conveyed. Specific examples thereof are as shown in FIGS. 24a and 24b and FIG. 25 above. That is, it is composed of a fixed core rod 806, a pipe-shaped free roller 807 made of Teflon, a core rod supporter 808, and a shielding plate 809. Core rod support 80
8, a passage hole 808a is provided so that the microwave M is irradiated from the back side of the forming band A as well. In addition, when the forming band A is a long body, the shielding plate 809 suppresses the high radio wave density at the upper and longitudinal side edges, and also prevents the irradiation to the weakly heated area and the weakly heated area. It is useful for strengthening and achieving uniform heating. Reference numeral 813 is a through hole that is a supply port or suction port for air, etc., and is connected to an air cycle prime mover that can supply or suck air (including dry air, hot air, and air) such as a compressor or ring blower (not shown). has been done.

As explained above, in the 14th embodiment, the free roller 80 is used to convey the object to be heated and can absorb the shrinkage of the volume.
7, and U-shaped shielding plates 809 are placed around both sides of the shield plate 809.
The structure is configured such that the side edges of the elongated body in the longitudinal direction become electrically dense by coating with In addition to equalizing the heating, air or the like is supplied to the heated object so that the water vapor in the heated space 803 is discharged from the entrance and exit of the heated object, thereby eliminating disadvantages caused by condensation and preventing cracks and warping of the heated object. This eliminates twisting and explosions, allowing for rapid moisture reduction.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, the continuous manufacturing apparatus for long ceramic products according to the present invention has various features as described in detail after each of the above embodiments.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a basic explanatory diagram of a continuous line showing the apparatus according to the present invention divided into blocks for each process, and FIG.
An example of continuous manufacturing equipment for long ceramic products (first
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a molding band, and FIG. 4 is a front end portion of a molding machine showing a core with a hollow part forming part installed in an extrusion molding machine. 5a and 5b are respectively perspective views of the core with the forming part for the hollow part, FIG. 6 is a perspective explanatory view showing a part of the dryer, and FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a part of the firing furnace. Explanatory drawings, FIG. 8a is a schematic cross-sectional explanatory view showing a second embodiment in which a punching machine is placed next to the extrusion molding machine, FIG. 8b is a perspective view of the punching machine, and FIG. 9a is a molding machine. A schematic cross-sectional explanatory diagram showing a second embodiment in which a perforating machine is placed next to the first embodiment, FIG. 9b is a perspective view of the perforated plate, and FIG.
Figure 1 is a partial side view of the device showing the third embodiment;
Figure 2 is a side view of the entire device showing the fourth embodiment;
Figures 3a to 3d are cross-sectional views showing the forming zone, Figure 14 is a side view of the entire apparatus showing the fifth, sixth, eighth and tenth embodiments, and Figures 15a to f are Figure 13a. 16 is a partial side view of the device showing the seventh embodiment, FIG. 17 is a partial side view of the device showing the ninth embodiment, and FIG. 18 is a sectional view showing similar forming bands.
19a and 19b are perspective views each showing a core with a forming part for a hollow part, and FIG. 20 is an enlarged sectional view of the extrusion molding machine shown in the figure. Partial explanatory diagram, Fig. 21 is shown in Fig. 20.
Schematic sectional view along line XXI-XXI, Figure 22 is
12 A partial explanatory diagram of the device showing the embodiment, Fig. 23 is
13 Partial explanatory diagram of the device showing the embodiment, Fig. 24a,
b and FIG. 25 are cross-sectional views showing the main components of the conveyance section of the microwave heating machine, and FIG. 26 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the microwave heating machine showing the fourteenth embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional perspective explanatory view showing microwave irradiation and air blowing directions in the roller conveyor portion shown in FIG. 26. 1...Raw material, 2...Molding machine, 3...Dryer, 4
... cutter, 5 ... firing furnace, 6 ... ceramic product, 7 ... punching machine, 11 ... heater, 12 ... straightening machine, 13a ... glazing machine, 14a ... transfer machine, 1
5a... Conveyance and take-out machine, 15b... Conveyance and take-out machine, 103... Extrusion molding machine, 104... Mouthpiece,
105... Core with forming part for hollow part, A... Continuous molding band, 106... Air supply pipe, 107... Pump, B... Hollow part, 108... Heater, 109...
...Dryer, 110...Pipe, 113...Preheating area, 114...Baking area, 115...Cooling area,
118...High alumina roller, 125...Traveling cutter, A'...Long ceramic plate, 130...Drilling machine,
134...Ventilation hole, 136...Glaze applicator, 13
8...Glaze receiver, R...Emboss roller, 202
...Extrusion molding machine, 204a...Free roller, 2
08a...Free roller, C...Set length drying plate, 3
03... Extrusion molding machine, 305... Core with forming part for hollow part, 306... Air supply tube, A''... Drying plate, 318... Metal main shaft, 319... Metal main shaft,
320... High alumina roller, 331... Microwave heating machine, 332... Far infrared heater, 40
5... Core with hollow part forming part, 405a... Hollow part forming part, 501... Vacuum extrusion molding machine, 503
... Microwave heating machine, 505 ... Reflection plate, 50
6... Rotating blade, 510... Space to be heated, 513
... Far infrared heater, 519 ... Air cycle prime mover, 601 ... Extrusion molding machine, 606 ... Waveguide, 611 ... Filter section, 614 ... Air supply port, 712 ... Microwave heating machine, 719 ……
Heated space, 723...Free roller, 724...
... core rod supporter, 725 ... shielding plate, 726 ... far infrared heater device, 728 ... far infrared heater,
805...Roller conveyor.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An extrusion molding machine that continuously extrudes raw materials mainly made of clay, and infrared rays, microwaves, or waste heat from a kiln that dries the continuous molded belt sent out from the molding machine as a heat source. a dryer, a traveling cutter that cuts a continuous formed band sent out from the dryer into a fixed length;
A transfer machine that conveys the long dry plate cut to a regular length by the cutter, a firing furnace that continuously preheats, fires, and slowly cools the long dry plate sent out from the dryer; A conveyor for sending the product from the outlet of the firing furnace to the next process is arranged in a straight line, and the die of the extrusion molding machine is equipped with a pipe-shaped hollow part forming part for forming a hollow part in the center of the continuous molding band. A core is attached, and an air supply pipe for supplying air, warm air, hot air, dry air, steam, etc. to the hollow forming part of the core.
A continuous manufacturing device for long ceramic products, characterized in that it is provided corresponding to a forming section for a book or a hollow section. 2. Between the extrusion molding machine and the dryer, there is a straightening machine with a free roller structure that guides the continuous molding band to the next process, and a straightening machine with a free roller structure that guides the continuous molding band to the next process, and a straightening machine that straightens the continuous molding band supplied from the straightening machine at a speed higher than the delivery speed of the molding machine. A conveyor is interposed to send and pull the continuous forming band to the next process at a slightly faster speed, and the dryer is used to reduce the moisture content of the continuous forming band to approximately
The long ceramic product according to claim 1, wherein a zone for drying to about 10 to 6% is formed by a free roller, and a drive roller whose speed is synchronized with the continuous forming band sent out from this zone. continuous manufacturing equipment. 3. The feature set forth in claim 1, wherein a glazing machine is installed between the traveling cutter and the firing furnace to apply a glaze to the surface of the dried plate that is sent out from the dryer and cut to a regular length. Continuous manufacturing equipment for shaku ceramic products. 4. The continuous manufacturing apparatus for long ceramic products as set forth in claim 1, wherein the dryer includes a plurality of microwave heaters and far-infrared heaters. 5. The continuous manufacturing apparatus for long ceramic products according to claim 1, wherein the air supply pipe is provided near the tip, near the root, or on the side of the core with the hollow part forming part. 6 A vacuum extrusion molding machine that continuously extrudes raw materials mainly made of clay, a heater that uses infrared heat as a heat source to dry the continuous molded strip sent out from the molding machine, and a heater that uses infrared rays as a heat source to dry the continuous molded strip sent out from the heater. A dryer for drying, a firing furnace for firing the continuous formed band sent out from the dryer, a traveling cutter for cutting the fired continuous formed band sent out from the baking furnace into a fixed length, and a running cutter for cutting the fired continuous formed band sent out from the burning furnace into a fixed length, A pipe-shaped hollow part forming device for forming a hollow part in the center of the continuous molding band in the mouthpiece of the vacuum extrusion molding machine is arranged in a straight line. A long ceramic product equipped with a parting core and provided with an air supply outlet pipe for supplying air, warm air, hot air, dry air, steam, etc. to the hollow part forming part. continuous manufacturing equipment.