JPH0530516B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a solid waste production method and device for a solid waste volume reduction device, and more specifically, to a solid waste production method for a solid waste volume reduction device, and more specifically, to a solid waste production method for solid waste volume reduction equipment, and more particularly, to The present invention relates to a method for producing a solidified body of a solid waste volume reduction apparatus, which continuously shapes and solidifies an extrudate extruded from the volume reduction apparatus during volume reduction treatment of waste, and the apparatus thereof.

[Conventional technology] So-called uncombustible garbage, which includes various types of plastics, metals, glass, rubber, etc., discharged from households and factories is disposed of by methods such as incineration, landfill, and resource recovery. However, each of these processes has its own problems. The main causes are often various plastics in the garbage, such as melting during incineration, clogging of the furnace due to adhesion, damage to the furnace due to local heating, and generation of harmful gases such as chlorine and dioxins. In addition, many bulky items, such as styrofoam, polyethylene sheets, and bags, are often disposed of in landfills, which incurs transportation costs, and even after landfilling, they can be exposed from the surface and blown away by the wind, polluting the environment. Recently, various methods of collecting and reusing various plastics have been proposed from the perspective of effective resource utilization.
Municipal waste contains a variety of miscellaneous items, and has the disadvantage that sorting it is rather expensive.

Therefore, we focused on the characteristics of the thermoplastic plastics contained in these municipal garbage.
A method has been proposed in which a coarse granular mixed solidified material is obtained by adding granular inorganic substances (sand, crushed stone, incinerated ash, etc.) (Japanese Patent Publication No. 11273/1983).
In this method, metal pieces, cloth, etc. are not subject to granulation, and processing after separation is required.

On the other hand, polysheet, paper waste, and cloth waste contaminated with radioactive materials during work at nuclear power plants, etc.
Concrete pieces, steel materials, high-performance filters, insulation materials, etc. are generated, and these are packaged in plastic bags as miscellaneous solids, classified as flammable, non-flammable, or non-combustible, and stored in drums. It has been stored.

For example, waste products such as high-performance filters that are made up of wood, filter media (inorganic materials), metal plates, etc. must be dismantled and sorted, which complicates the process.
A problem arises in that the possibility of worker exposure to radiation increases.

These drums have been stored in storage, but the storage space has become smaller than expected, so we decided to incinerate what can be incinerated among these miscellaneous solid wastes, and store the incinerated ash directly in drums or solidify it with cement. etc. It is a more stable solid substance. Since this incineration process targets bulky items such as polysheets, plastic bags, paper waste, cloth waste, etc., its volume reduction effect is extremely large, and it is widely used in waste treatment at nuclear power plants, RI facilities, etc. It's coming.

However, incineration of a large amount of plastic may cause damage to the furnace, and the incineration treatment equipment must also be equipped with a waste gas treatment equipment, which also generates secondary waste, which also has the drawbacks of high equipment costs.

Another method for treating miscellaneous solid waste is compression and volume reduction using a press.
A high pressure compression volume reduction device of about 3000Kg/cm ² is being developed. According to this method, polysheets, plastic bags, paper waste, cloth waste, etc. can be compressed with almost no gaps, and it is an effective method for volume reduction. However, in this method, the obtained compressed body itself is a collection of heterogeneous objects, which is not preferable for long-term storage.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors filed a patent application for a solid waste volume reduction device as shown below (Japanese Patent Application No. 59-98637).

This solid waste volume reduction device houses a rotating shaft equipped with spiral-shaped continuous blades inside a hollow cylindrical body having a waste input section, an external heating section, and a waste exit section. The upper end side of the rotating shaft is connected to the power part through a supporting means that allows the shaft to swing, and a clearance is provided between the blade and the wall surface of the hollow cylindrical body to prevent the solid waste from bridging, and The present invention is characterized in that the waste outlet section is provided with a waste outlet nozzle section that enables compression of the waste. Here, FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of this solid waste volume reduction apparatus. In the figure, 1 is a hollow cylindrical body, 1a is a waste input part, 1b is an external heating part, 1c is a waste outlet part, 2 is solid waste, 3 is a blade, 4 is a rotating shaft, and 5 is a connector. (Support means), 6
is a power part, 7 is a free bearing, 8 is a heating means, and 9 is a waste outlet nozzle.

To briefly explain this solid waste volume reduction device, first, the input solid waste 2 is transferred to the rotating shaft 4.
It is gradually transferred in the direction of the external heating 1b by the rotation of the spiral-shaped continuous blades 3 supported by. The clearance between the blades 3 and the inner wall of the hollow cylindrical body 1 is set so that the solid waste 2 is bridged, and the solid waste 2 is crushed and pulverized in this gap.

According to this solid waste volume reduction device, miscellaneous solid waste can be significantly reduced in volume through integrated processing, and a solidified substance can be obtained in which harmful substances such as radioactive substances and heavy metals are sealed in plastic. It has various advantages.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, when producing a solidified body of solid waste using such a volume reduction device, there are the following problems.

That is, the extrudate that is extruded when reducing the volume of solid waste using this volume reduction device passes through the waste outlet part, has an inner diameter that is approximately the same as that of the cylindrical body, and has a polygonal cross section such as a square. It is molded by being press-fitted into a waste outlet nozzle section while being gradually cooled. If this waste outlet nozzle section is short, the compressive force exerted on the extrudate is released due to its residual heat, and the extrudate may expand at the exit of the waste nozzle section. In this case, the shape of the solidified material obtained is not constant, which is not preferable from the viewpoint of storage efficiency. On the other hand, if the waste outlet nozzle section is too long, it will hinder the compactness of the device itself, and the resistance force received by the waste outlet nozzle section of the extrudate will increase, which will increase the required power. It becomes an obstacle to development.

Furthermore, since the extrudate used in volume reduction treatment of solid waste has a high viscosity, a means for cutting the extrudate is required in order to separate the extrudate from the waste outlet of the volume reduction device. As a means for cutting such an extrudate, mechanical means such as shearing with a cutter or the like or cutting with a saw can be considered, but this is not preferable because it results in a mechanically complicated structure. Furthermore, if the waste is radioactive, radioactive fine powder will be generated, which is not desirable from a safety standpoint.

As described above, no apparatus or method for efficiently producing a solidified body obtained from a solid waste volume reduction apparatus has been known so far, and the development thereof has been desired.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems in volume reduction of solid waste volume reduction equipment, and is aimed at forming and forming extrudates discharged from the solid waste volume reduction equipment. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a solidified body and an apparatus therefor that simplify a series of subsequent operations such as cutting and filling into a container.

[Means and effects for solving the problems of the invention] The above object is achieved by the following method for producing a solidified body of a solid waste volume reduction device and its device.

That is, the solid waste production device of the solid waste volume reduction device of the present invention includes continuous spiral blades inside a hollow cylindrical body having a waste input section, an external heating section, and a waste exit section. Accommodates the rotating shaft,
A solid body whose upper end side of the rotating shaft is connected to a power unit via a supporting means that allows the shaft to swing, and a clearance is provided between the blade and the wall surface of the hollow cylindrical body to allow solid waste to bridge. A device for producing a solidified body of solid waste using a waste volume reduction device, wherein the extrudate extruded from the volume reduction device is press-fitted,
A plurality of molded tubes to be filled, a molded tube closing means for closing the molded tubes when the extrudate is press-fitted into the molded tubes, a molded tube moving means for moving the molded tubes, and an extrusion of the molded tubes. It is characterized by comprising an extrudate discharge means for discharging the extrudate out of the molding tube.

Further, the solid waste production method of the solid waste volume reduction device of the present invention includes a spiral-shaped continuous blade inside a hollow cylindrical body having a waste input section, an external heating section, and a waste exit section. The upper end side of the rotating shaft is connected to a power unit via a supporting means that allows the shaft to swing, and solid waste is caused to bridge in the gap between the blade and the wall surface of the hollow cylindrical body. A method for producing a solidified body of solid waste using a solid waste volume reduction device provided with such a clearance, the method comprising: (a) placing a molded tube in the waste outlet section so that one end thereof is connected to the waste; Extrusion, in which the extrudate extruded from the volume reduction device is press-fitted and filled into the forming tube after the forming tube is arranged so as to open at the outlet portion and the forming tube is closed by a forming tube closing means, and the extrudate is formed. (b) After the extrudate is press-fitted into the molding tube and filled, the rotating shaft of the volume reduction device is reversed to cut the extrudate near the waste outlet, ( c) an extrudate discharging step of moving the molding tube filled with the extrudate from the press-fitting position and cooling it, and then discharging the molded extrudate out of the molding tube.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of an embodiment of an extrudate molding and processing apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic side view thereof.

In the figure, 20 is a molded tube into which the extrudate discharged from the volume reduction device is press-fitted, and 20a is a flange-structured molded tube end 21 that serves as a cross-section of the molded tube 20 when the extrudate is press-fitted into the molded tube 20. forming tube occluding means for occluding;
21a is a push plate, 21 is a piston with the push plate attached,
21c is a pressure cylinder that moves the piston 21b; 22 is a forming tube moving means (belt conveyor) that moves the forming tube; 23 is a fixing member that fixes the forming tube 20 to the belt conveyor 22; 24 is an extrudate discharge means; The extrusion piston 24b is a pressure cylinder that moves the extrusion piston.

First, before starting volume reduction, the waste outlet section 1c
Then, the forming tube 20 is arranged so that one end thereof opens to the waste outlet portion 1c. In this case, one end of the forming tube 20 is firmly attached to the waste outlet section 1c in order to prevent the extrusion part from spilling out from the gap between the waste outlet section 1c and the forming tube 20. In order to facilitate continuous operation, the forming tube 20 preferably has a structure in which the end portion 20a of the forming tube has a flange structure and is easily attached and detached, such as by connecting with bottle nuts at two or three locations. Also, waste outlet section 1c
is inclined at a downward angle less than the angle of repose, so it is better that the forming tube 20 also match that inclination. Further, the forming tube 20 is preferably in the shape of a rectangular tube for convenience in filling the container later, and a plurality of forming tubes are prepared for continuous processing.

Next, the cross section of the formed tube 20 is closed by the formed tube closing means 21. The forming tube closing means 21 includes a push plate 21a whose cross section is substantially the same as the inner periphery of the forming tube, a piston 21b to which the press plate is attached, and a pressure cylinder 21c that moves the piston within the forming tube at a predetermined pressure. ing. In this case, the cross section of the press plate 21a needs to be substantially the same as the inner periphery of the forming tube 20. The piston 21b has a stroke longer than the length of the forming tube 20, and the pressure cylinder 21c can move the piston 21b within the forming tube 20 at a predetermined pressure. The predetermined pressure varies depending on the type of solid waste (extrudate), so it will be changed as appropriate. The position at which the push plate 21a is set depends on the pressure that supports the push plate 21a, etc.
Any one of the following is acceptable. However, if the push plate 21a is set at the other end of the forming tube 20 on the volume reduction device side, the push plate 21a will move in proportion to the predetermined pressure of the pressure cylinder 21c as much as the extrudate is press-fitted, so that the extrudate can be formed. It can be packed uniformly into the tube 20. Note that a press plate having a cross section equal to or larger than the inner circumference of the forming tube 20 may be used to set it outside the forming tube 20.

After the forming tube 20 and forming tube closing means 21 have been set, volume reduction is started. The volume reduction device extrudes the volume-reduced solid paste using a helical blade 3 with a certain amount of pressing force. Therefore, the extrudate is forced into the forming tube 20 with a certain degree of pressure. When the push plate 21a is set in a state where it is pushed out toward the volume reduction device side, the push plate 21a is supported by a predetermined pressure, so that when the pushing force of the extrudate exceeds the predetermined pressure, it will gradually move backward. become. Then, when the push plate 21a is pushed out to the end on the closing means side, the volume reduction is once interrupted.

After the extrudate is press-fitted and filled into the forming tube 20 and molded in this manner, the rotating shaft 4 of the volume reduction device is reversed to cut the extrudate near the waste outlet portion 1c. Since the viscosity of the extrudate is high to some extent, it can be easily cut by such an operation.

The forming tube 20 containing the extrudate is disconnected from the waste outlet 1c and moved by the belt conveyor 22. Since the forming tube 20 is fixed to the belt conveyor 22 by the fixing member 23, it will not fall even when it is located at the bottom of the belt conveyor as shown in FIG. The belt conveyor 22 can also be sloped in order to match the forming tube 20 with the slope of the waste outlet 1c.

The extrudate filled in the forming tube 20 is air-cooled together with the forming tube 20 while being moved by the belt conveyor 22, as shown in FIG. The belt conveyor 22 rotates and the forming tube 20 is transferred to the extrudate discharge means 2.
Since the extrudate in the molding tube 20 is sufficiently cooled by the time it reaches the discharging position installed in step 4, the extrudate in the molding tube 20 contracts and solidifies into a solidified body, making it easy to release the mold by extrusion. FIG. 3 is a detailed explanatory diagram of the extrudate discharge means. The cooled formed tube 20 is formed at the formed tube end 20.
A fixture 24c fixed by a fulcrum 24d
In this state, by pushing out the piston 24a with the pressure cylinder 24b, the solidified extrudate is punched out and discharged.

The extruded solidified product falls onto a handling table (not shown), and is bundled into several pieces on the table and packed close-packed into a rectangular container. In addition, if the cross-sectional shape of the formed tube 20 is set in advance so that the container can be packed in the closest density, the solidified material 25 after forming can be
As shown in FIG. 4, if the containers are appropriately moved and dropped directly into the container 26, the closest packing can be easily achieved.

[Examples] Hereinafter, the extrudate molding method and apparatus of the present invention will be described based on Examples. In the Examples, a volume reduction apparatus shown in FIG. 5 and an extrudate molding apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 were used.

One end of a removable rectangular cylindrical molded tube with a cross section that allowed for closest packing into the container was attached to the outlet of the volume reduction device. Then, a push plate inscribed with the inner surface of the forming tube with a clearance of 2 mm was attached to the piston, and the piston was inserted into the vicinity of the waste outlet using a hydraulic cylinder.

Next, the waste was put into the volume reduction device and heated and kneaded for about 10 minutes, then the hydraulic cylinder pressure was set at 10 Kg/cm ² and the volume reduced extrudate was press-fitted into the forming tube. The extrudate is at the exit of the forming tube (hydraulic cylinder side)
When the volume reduction device reached , the rotating shaft of the volume reduction device was stopped, and then the rotating shaft was reversed three times.

Disconnect the connection between the forming tube and the waste outlet, move the forming tube on the conveyor to the position where the extrudate discharge means is installed, and punch out the cooled and solidified extrudate with the extrusion piston to obtain a good solidified product. Obtained.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, the present invention provides the following effects.

Solidified bodies with good moldability can be produced continuously and steadily.

The handling operation of the shaped solidified body is automated, resulting in labor savings.

When processing radioactive waste, it is possible to automate the process, thereby reducing radiation exposure.

There is no need to add a special extrudate cutting device, and the cost is low.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of one embodiment of the extrudate molding and processing apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic side view thereof, FIG. 3 is a detailed explanatory view of the extrudate discharging means, and FIG.
The figure is a figure explaining the filling method of the solidified material, and a fifth figure.
The figure is a schematic diagram of a solid waste volume reduction device used in the present invention. 1...Hollow cylindrical body, 1a...Waste input part,
1b...external heating section, 1c...waste outlet section, 2
...Solid waste, 3...Blade, 4...Rotating shaft, 5
... Connector, 6 ... Power section, 7 ... Free type bearing, 8 ... Heating means, 9 ... Waste outlet nozzle,
20... Molded tube, 21... Molded tube closing means, 21
a... Push plate, 21b... Piston, 21c... Pressure cylinder, 22... Molding tube moving means (belt conveyor), 23... Fixing member, 24... Extrudate discharge means, 24a... Extrusion piston, 24b ……
Pressure cylinder, 24c... fixture, 24d... fulcrum, 25... solidified body, 26... container.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A rotating shaft equipped with spiral-shaped continuous blades is housed inside a hollow cylindrical body having a waste input section, an external heating section, and a waste exit section, and the upper end side of the rotating shaft is is connected to a power unit via a supporting means that allows axial swing, and a clearance is provided between the blade and the wall surface of the hollow cylindrical body to allow the solid waste to bridge. An apparatus for producing a solidified body of solid waste using an apparatus, wherein the extrudate extruded from the volume reduction apparatus is press-fitted,
A plurality of molded tubes to be filled, a molded tube closing means for closing the molded tubes when the extrudate is press-fitted into the molded tubes, a molded tube moving means for moving the molded tubes, and an extrusion inside the molded tubes. 1. An apparatus for producing a solidified body of solid waste, comprising an extrudate discharge means for discharging the extrudate out of the forming tube. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the forming tube has a rectangular tube shape. 3. The above-mentioned patent, wherein the forming tube closing means includes a push plate whose cross section is substantially the same as the inner periphery of the forming tube, a piston to which the push plate is attached, and a pressure cylinder that moves the piston at a predetermined pressure within the forming tube. An apparatus according to claim 1 or 2. 4. Claims 1 to 3, wherein the extrudate discharge means comprises a piston for punching out the extrudate in the forming tube, and a pressure cylinder that moves the piston.
Apparatus according to any of paragraphs. 5 A rotating shaft equipped with continuous spiral blades is housed inside a hollow cylindrical body having a waste input section, an external heating section, and a waste exit section, and the upper end side of the rotating shaft is provided with a support capable of swinging. Solid waste is disposed of using a solid waste volume reduction device that is connected to the power unit via a means and has a clearance between the blade and the wall surface of the hollow cylindrical body to allow the solid waste to bridge. A method for producing a solidified product, the method comprising: (a) arranging a molded tube at the waste outlet so that one end of the molded tube opens into the waste outlet; and connecting the molded tube to a molded tube closing means. (b) an extrudate forming step of press-fitting and filling the extrudate extruded from the volume reduction device into the forming tube to form the tube; After
an extrudate cutting step of reversing the rotating shaft of the volume reduction device to cut the extrudate near the waste outlet; (c) moving the molded tube filled with the extrudate from the press-fitting position and cooling it; A method for producing a solidified body of solid waste, comprising: a step of discharging the molded extrudate out of the molding tube. 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the formed tube has a rectangular cylindrical shape. 7. The above-mentioned patent, wherein the forming tube closing means includes a push plate whose cross section is substantially the same as the inner periphery of the forming tube, a piston to which the push plate is attached, and a pressure cylinder that moves the piston at a predetermined pressure within the forming tube. The method according to claim 5 or 6.