JPH0549402B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (1) Field of Industrial Application The present invention provides a multi-axis exchangeable head machine tool, in particular, a machine tool having a first annular guide rail surrounding the unit on a base equipped with a processing unit. , an annular second guide rail formed to have the same diameter as the first guide rail and aligned on the same axis above the first guide rail;
Each of the guide rails supports a plurality of multi-axis heads in a movable manner, and the base includes a first index mechanism that can drive each of the multi-axis heads on the first guide rail, and a first index mechanism on the second guide rail. A second index mechanism capable of moving and driving each multi-axis head is removably attached to the corresponding multi-axis head, and each multi-axis head is connected to the processing unit when it is at a predetermined position on the first guide rail. The present invention relates to a head exchanger equipped with a head position detector in a multi-axis exchangeable head machine tool capable of machining a workpiece in cooperation with the head.

(2) Prior Art The multi-spindle head exchangeable machine tool having the above-mentioned structure is conventionally known as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 58-71013 and 59-81007.

(3) Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in the conventionally known device described above, a multi-axis head is exchanged up and down on one side of the first and second annular guide rails arranged vertically between the two guide rails. The elevating mechanism for the multi-axis head is disposed separately and independently from both guide rails, and the elevating mechanism is provided with only one elevating support for replacing the head on which the multi-axis head is placed and raised and lowered. Because this is not the case, the following problems arise. That is, when exchanging the multi-axis head up and down between the upper and lower guide rails, it is necessary to transfer the multi-axis head between the support base and the upper and lower guide rails each time. In addition, it is necessary to provide a special means in the elevating mechanism for the transfer, which complicates the structure.Furthermore, the upper second guide rail has multiple connections from the first guide rail. It is necessary to always have free space for at least one multi-axis head to accommodate the axle head, and the second
The storage capacity of the multi-axis head in the guide rail is reduced.

The present invention has been proposed in view of the above circumstances, and includes first and second elevating rails that can be simultaneously driven up and down by a common elevating body and function as an elevating support for head exchange. The first objective is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the conventional device all at once by configuring each part of the guide rail.

By the way, when transferring a multi-axis head between the upper and lower first and second guide rails using the elevating rail that is a part of the guide rail, as described above, the multi-axis head that runs along each guide rail is It is necessary to read the position of the shaft head on the guide rail into the index mechanism and the sequencer that controls the operation of the elevating body, and also to check whether the elevating movement of the elevating rail (i.e., the elevating body) has been reliably completed. It is also necessary to perform this check as well. A second object of the present invention is to satisfy these requirements with a simple structure.

B. Structure of the Invention (1) Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a multi-spindle head exchangeable machine tool of the type described above, in which a guide column is provided on one side of both guide rails. The elevating body is supported so as to be movable up and down between a predetermined upper limit position and a lower limit position, and the second guide rail is connected to a second fixed rail fixed to the base and a second guide rail fixed to the elevating body at the lower limit position. 2
The first guide rail is divided into a first fixed rail that is fixed to the base, and a second elevating rail that is fixed to the elevating body and connected to the first fixed rail at its lower limit position. The multi-axis head is divided into at least two first lifting rails that are aligned with the second fixed rail at the upper limit position, and a transmitter that outputs a signal according to the type of head is attached to each multi-axis head. A first detector capable of receiving a signal from a transmitter of a multi-axis head on a first lifting rail, and a signal from a transmitter of a multi-axis head on a second lifting rail at the lower limit position of the lifting body; At the upper limit position, a second detector capable of receiving signals from the transmitters of the multi-axis head on the first lifting rail is placed on the base so that both detectors are lined up vertically at a predetermined interval. The detectors are fixed to one side of the elevating body, and these detectors are connected to the first and second index mechanisms and a sequencer that controls the operation of the elevating body.

(2) Function When replacing a multi-axis head, bring any multi-axis head on the first guide rail to the position of the first elevating rail using the first index mechanism, then replace the multi-axis head on the first and second elevating rails. Raise and lower the rail together with the lifting body. When the first elevating rail comes to a position corresponding to the second guide rail (at this time, the second elevating rail, together with the multi-axis head supported by it, is placed in a retracted position above the second guide rail). ), the new multi-axis head to be supplied is brought onto the first elevating rail by the second indexing mechanism, and then the first and second elevating rails are lowered together with the elevating body, so that the new multi-axis head is placed on the first elevating rail. 1 guide rail, and at the same time the multi-axis head on the second lifting rail is returned to the second guide rail.

In particular, if the type of each multi-axis head on the first and second lifting rails is detected by cooperation between the transmitter on the multi-axis head side and the detector on the base side and stored in the sequencer, the The position of the multi-axis head at each point in time on the first and second guide rails can be accurately grasped, making it possible to index the multi-axis head corresponding to a new workpiece. In addition, the detector on the base side is
In particular, in relation to receiving signals from the transmitter of the multi-axis head located on the lifting rail, it is possible to check the lifting and lowering movements of the lifting body depending on the presence or absence of reception, and when the lifting and lowering movement is completed, The type of multi-axis head transferred onto the other guide rail can be immediately detected.

(3) Embodiment Below, an embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings. First, in FIGS. 1 and 2, on the base 1 fixed to the floor, there is an original HP and an original HP in the center. A machining unit 2 is disposed such that it can freely move forward and backward between the machining position MP at the side end. That is, a pair of parallel advancing/retracting guide members 3 are disposed on the base 1, and the processing unit 2 is guided by the advancing/retracting guide members 3 between the original position HP and the processing position.
Moves back and forth between MP. Also, on the base 1,
A moving motor 4 is fixedly supported, and this moving motor 4 is connected to the processing unit 2.

A pair of upper and lower annular first guide rails 5 surround the processing unit 2 at the original position HP.
5 is arranged, and a pair of annular second guide rails 6, 6 are arranged above and below the first guide rails 5, 5 with the same vertical spacing as the first guide rails 5, 5. . Furthermore, the center position and radius of the first and second guide rails 5, 5; 6, 6 are set to be the same.

Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4 together, the first guide rail 5 is configured in an annular shape by a movable rail 7, a pair of first fixed rails 8 and 9, and a first elevating rail 10. The movable rail 7 is arranged at a portion corresponding to the processing position MP, and the first lifting rail 10 is arranged on the opposite side of the movable rail 7 with respect to the center of the first guide rail 5. The first fixed rails 8 and 9 are formed in an arc shape having a center angle of 115 degrees, for example, and are fixed to the base 1 so as to connect the movable rail 7 and the first lifting rail 10. That is, the lower first fixed rails 8, 9 are each fixed on the base 1 via the leg members 11, and the upper and lower pair of first fixed rails 8, 9; 9, 9 are curved in an arc shape. The side plates 12 are integrated with each other. Further, the upper and lower pair of movable rails 7, 7 are integrated with the processing unit 2 and move integrally with the processing unit 2. Furthermore, the upper and lower pair of first lifting rails 10, 10 are integrated by a rail support 13.

A horizontal support plate 14 is integrated with each of the upper first fixed rails 8 and 9, and a plurality of support legs 15 extend inwardly from these support plates 14 to extend vertically and downwardly. The lower end of the support column 16 is fixed and supported concentrically with the first and second guide rails 5, 5; 6, 6.

Referring also to FIG. 5, the second guide rail 6
is constituted by a second fixed rail 17 and a second elevating rail 18 in an annular shape, and the second elevating rail 18
is formed in an arc shape having the same central angle as the first lifting rail 10 and is arranged at a position corresponding to the first lifting rail 10.

The upper second fixed rail 17 includes a support plate 19 extending radially outward from the center of the support column 16.
A pair of upper and lower second fixed rails 18,
18 are integrated by a plurality of connecting plates 20 spaced apart in the circumferential direction. Further, the upper and lower pair of second elevating rails 18, 18 are integrated via a rail support 21.

The first guide rails 5, 5 have a plurality of, for example, six types of multi-axis heads A1, A2, A3, B1, B2,
B3 is movably supported, and the second guide rail 6,
6 includes a plurality of, for example, six types of multi-axis heads C1,
C2, C3, D1, D2, and D3 are movably supported. That is, each multi-axis head A1 to A3, B
At the top of 1-B3, C1-C3, D1-D3,
A pair of wheels 22 that can roll on the upper surfaces of the upper first guide rail 5 and the upper second guide rail 6 are respectively pivotally supported, and also on the inner surfaces of the upper first and second guide rails 5 and 6. A pair of wheels 23 that roll along are each pivotally supported, and each multi-axis head A1-A3, B1-B3, C1-C3, D1-D
A pair of wheels 24 that roll along the inner and outer surfaces of the lower first and second guide rails 5 and 6 are respectively pivotally supported at the lower part of the guide rail 3 .

Here, each multi-axis head A1 to A3, B1 to B3,
In C1-C3, D1-D3, alphabetic characters A, B,
The reference signs are given by combining C, D and the numbers 1, 2, and 3 because it is convenient to distinguish and display the corresponding workpieces and processes.
B, C, and D indicate the types of corresponding workpieces. In addition, the numbers 1, 2, and 3 indicate machining processes; for example, 1 is for drilling, 2 is for tapping, and 3 is for tapping.
indicates for reaming.

The multi-axis heads A1-A3, B1-B3 that can run along the first guide rails 5, 5 are driven for angular displacement by the first index mechanism 25, and any one of the multi-axis heads A1-A3, B1-B3 Objects are placed at positions corresponding to the movable rails 7, 7 or the lifting rails 10, 10. Also, the second guide rails 6, 6
Multi-axis heads C1 to C3, D1 that can run along
~D3 are angularly displaced driven by the second index mechanism 26, and the multi-axis heads C1~C3, D1~D
3 are arranged at positions corresponding to the lifting rails 18, 18.

The first index mechanism 25 includes a rotary plate 27 rotatably supported at the intermediate portion of the support column 16, and a plurality of positions, for example six positions, extending radially outward from the rotary plate 27 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. The index arm 28 has an index arm 28, and a drive source 29 for driving the rotary plate 27 in angular displacement. Furthermore, the second index mechanism 26 is basically the same as the first index mechanism 2.
5, and includes a rotary plate 30, an index arm 31, and a drive source 32.

The tip of each index arm 28, 31 has a multi-axis head A1-A3, B1-B3, C1-C3,
They are removably engaged with locking blocks 36 fixed on the upper portions of D1 to D3, respectively.

6, 7, and 8, each index arm 28, 31 has a multi-axis head A1 to A3, B1 to B3, C1 to
Approximately U-shaped guide portions 37 that are open to the C3 and D1 to D3 sides are formed, respectively. This guide section 37 has respective multi-axis heads A1 to A3, B1 to B3, and C1.
- C3, D1 - A substantially U-shaped engagement member 38 is slidably engaged so as to be able to approach and move away from D1 to D3. This engagement member 38 includes index arms 28, 3.
A guide shaft 39 that is inserted into the index arm 28, 3 is fixedly installed, and the index arm 28,
1 and the engagement member 38, the engagement member 38 is connected to each of the multi-axis heads A1 to A3,
It is resiliently biased in a direction approaching B1 to B3, C1 to C3, and D1 to D3. Moreover, a stopper 41 capable of engaging with the index arms 28, 31 is fixedly provided at the end of the guide shaft 39 protruding from the index arms 28, 31. is the index arm 28,
31 will be prevented from leaving.

Each of the multi-axis heads A1 to A3, B1 to B3, and C1 to C are provided on the mutually opposing inner surfaces of the engaging member 38.
3, D1, and D3, inclined fitting surfaces 42 and 43 are formed, respectively, so that they approach each other as they move away from each other. Further, at the upper center and lower center of the engaging member 38, there are respective multi-axis heads A1 to A3 and B.
Guide protrusions 44 and 45 protruding toward the 1 to B3, C1 to C3, and D1 to D3 sides are integrally provided. The distal end surfaces of these guide protrusions 44 and 45 are provided with a first incline that is inclined toward the distal end side as it goes downward, starting from the top.
Guide surfaces 46, 47 and vertical second guide surfaces 48, 4
9, and third guide surfaces 50, 51 which are inclined toward the tip side as they go upward are formed.

On the other hand, each multi-axis head A1 to A3, B1 to B3,
At the top of C1 to C3 and D1 to D3, there is a locking block 3 that protrudes toward the index arms 28 and 31.
6 are fixedly installed respectively. This locking block 36
In this case, outer surfaces 52 and 53 corresponding to the inclined fitting surfaces 42 and 43 are formed to be inclined so as to approach each other toward the distal end side. Further, at the tip of the locking block 36, a first abutting surface 54 is inclined corresponding to the third guide surfaces 50, 51, and a second abutting surface is vertical, corresponding to the second guide surfaces 48, 49. 55 and
A third abutment surface 56 inclined in correspondence with the first guide surfaces 46, 47 is provided in order from above.

According to the structure of the tips of the index arms 28 and 31 and the structure of the locking block 36,
The outer surfaces 52 and 53 are brought into contact with the inclined fitting surfaces 42 and 43, and the third contact surface 56 is brought into contact with the first guide surface 47.
When the locking block 36 and the engaging member 38 are in contact with each other, the locking block 36, that is, each of the multi-axis heads A1 to A3, B1 to B3, C1 to
When C3, D1 to D3 are raised, the first contact surface 5
4 comes into contact with the third guide surface 50, the engagement member 38 is pressed against the spring force of the spring 40, and the outer surface 52,
53 and the inclined fitting surfaces 42, 43 are separated and the engaged state is released. Also, index arm 2
8, 31 from below the locking block 36, that is, each multi-axis head A1-A3, B1-B3, C1-C
3. When D1 to D3 rise, spring 4
The first contact surface 54 comes into contact with the third guide surface 51 of the engagement member 38 which is elastically biased at 0, and the engagement member 38
is pushed in. Next, when the third contact surface 56 rises to a position corresponding to the first guide surface 47, the engagement member 38 moves forward until the first guide surface 47 contacts the third contact surface 56, and is locked. The inclined fitting surfaces 42, 43 abut against both outer surfaces 52, 53 of the block 36, and the index arms 28, 31 and the multi-axis heads A1-A3, B1-B3, C1-C3, D1-D
3 becomes engaged. This applies to each multi-axis head A.
1-A3, B1-B3, C1-C3, D1-D3
The same thing happens when a person comes down from above.

A portion corresponding to the lifting rails 10, 10; 18, 18, the first and second guide rails 5, 5; 6,
An elevating mechanism 60 is disposed on the side of 6.

In FIG. 9, the elevating mechanism 60 includes a pair of guide columns 61, 61 extending vertically, and a pair of guide columns 61, 61 extending vertically.
A pair of upper and lower elevating bodies 62, 6 that can be ascended and descended along the
2, and a lifting drive means 63 for driving the lifting bodies 62, 62 up and down.

A board 64 is disposed on the floor on the side of the base 1, and a guide column 6 which is cylindrical with a rectangular cross section is installed.
1 and 61 are erected on the substrate 64 with a space between them. Further, the lower portions of the guide columns 61, 61 are connected to each other by a connecting plate 65, and this connecting plate 6
5 and the base 1 are mutually connected by a pair of connecting members 66, 66 made of section steel. Also, guide pillar 6
1 and 61 are connected to each other by a connecting plate 67. Furthermore, brackets 68, 68 are fixed to the upper portions of the guide columns 61, 61 on the side surfaces thereof that are separated from each other, and one ends of connecting members 69, 69 made of, for example, section steel are fixed to the brackets 68, 68. be done. The other ends of these connecting members 69, 69 are connected to the support 1
6 is commonly fixed at the upper end.

In this way, the guide columns 61, 61 are substantially integrated with the base 1 at their upper and lower portions and are stably supported.

Elevating guide members 70, 70 extending vertically are fixed to the side surfaces of the guide columns 61, 61 on the base 1 side, and the elevating bodies 62, 62 ascend and descend along these guide members 70, 70. . In other words, both elevating bodies 62, 62 are constructed by fixing horizontal plates 72, 72 extending toward the base 1 at right angles to the lower part of vertical plates 71, 71 extending between both guide columns 61, 61. A pair of fitting leg portions 73, 73 that fit into the guide members 70, 70 are provided at both ends of the guide members 71, 71, respectively.

Both elevating bodies 62, 62 are connected to each other via a connecting member 74, and an elevating drive means 63 is connected to the upper elevating body 62. This elevating/lowering driving means 63 is, for example, a hydraulic cylinder, extends in the vertical direction, and is supported by one guide column 61 . Therefore, both the elevating bodies 62, 62 are moved by the elevating drive means 63.
is driven up and down along the guide members 70, 70.

A pair of sprocket wheels 76, 76 having a common shaft 75 are pivotally supported at the upper ends of both guide columns 61, 61 so as to rotate synchronously. One ends of the chains 77, 77 are respectively connected to the upper elevating body 62. In addition, the other ends of the chains 77, 77 are
It is inserted into the guide columns 61, 61 from the upper end,
It is connected to balance weights 78, 78 that can be moved up and down within the guide columns 61, 61.

Each sprocket foil 76, 76 is connected to the guide post 6.
Covers 79, 79 attached to the upper ends of 1, 61
covered with Further, the lower ends of the guide members 70, 70 are in contact with the lower elevating body 62, and each elevating body 62,
A stopper 80 that determines the lower limit position of the guide member 62 is attached to each of the upper ends of the guide members 70, 70.
The respective elevating objects 62, 62 are brought into contact with the elevating object 62 above.
A stopper 81 is attached to each to determine the upper limit position.

Both elevating bodies 6 are connected by the connecting member 74.
The distance between the horizontal plates 72, 72 in No. 2, 62 is
It corresponds to the interval between the lower first guide rail 5 and the lower second guide rail 6, and both elevating bodies 62,
The spacing between the horizontal plates 72, 72 at 62 is connected to the lower first and second lifting rails 10, 18, respectively. Therefore, the first and second lifting rails 10, 10; 1
8 and 18 also rise and fall, but when the elevating bodies 62 and 62 are at the lower limit position, the first elevating rails 10 and 10 are at the position corresponding to the first guide rails 5 and 5, and the second elevating rails 18 and 18 are at the position corresponding to the first guide rails 5 and 5. It is located at a position corresponding to the two guide rails 6, 6, and the elevating bodies 62, 62
When is at the upper limit position, as shown in FIG.
The upper and lower limit positions of 2 and 62, that is, the mounting positions of the stoppers 80 and 81 are set.

In FIGS. 11 and 12, the rail supports 13 and 21 connecting the first and second lifting rails 10 and 10; A pair of support guides 82, 82; 83, 83 are fixedly provided, respectively. In addition, support guides 82, 82
Guide rods 84, 84 which are in sliding contact with the first guide rails 5, 84 extend vertically between the first guide rails 5, 5 and are fixed to the support plate 14,
Guide rods 85, 85 slidingly contacting the support guides 82, 82; 83, 83 extend vertically between the second guide rails 6, 6 and are fixed to the support plate 19. This stabilizes the elevating and lowering operations of the elevating bodies 62, 62.

Between the index arms 28 and 31 located at positions corresponding to the respective lifting rails 10 and 18, the index arms 28 and 31 are fitted to the tips of the locking blocks 36 to connect the multi-axis heads A1 to A.
3. A head guide member 86 that guides the elevation of B1 to B3, C1 to C3, and D1 to D3 extends vertically and is fixed to the support plate 19, and a head guide member 87 that extends vertically above the index arm 31 is provided. It is fixed to the connecting member 69. These head guide members 86, 87 lock the locking block 36, that is, each multi-axis head A1-A3, B1-B3, C1-C.
3. The vertical movement of D1 to D3 becomes stable.

Referring again to FIG. 4, the movable rail 7 is attached to the support plate 14 which is integral with the lower first fixed rails 8 and 9.
A movable rail side detector 88 is attached to detect the type of multi-axis head located at a position corresponding to the first elevating rail. A first detector 89 is attached to each multi-axis head for detecting the type of multi-axis head on the head 10, and when facing the detectors 88 and 89, a first detector 89 is attached to each multi-axis head to detect the type of the head. A transmitter 91 for transmitting a corresponding signal is attached to each.

In addition, in FIG. 5, the upper second fixed rail 1
In order to detect the type of multi-axis head on the second elevating rail 18, a receiving device is provided on one side of the support plate 19 integral with the elevating body 62, facing the transmitter 91 of the multi-axis head on the second elevating rail 18. A second detector 90 is attached which can be used. The first detector 89 receives a signal from the transmitter of the multi-axis head on the first lifting rail 10 at the lower limit position of the lifting body 62, and also receives the signal from the transmitter of the multi-axis head on the first lifting rail 10.
The detector 90 receives the signal from the transmitter 91 of the multi-axis head on the second lifting rail 18 at the lower limit position of the lifting body 62, and the signal from the transmitter 91 of the multi-axis head on the second lifting rail 18 at the lower limit position of the lifting body 62, and the signal from the transmitter 91 of the multi-axis head on the second lifting rail 18 at the upper limit position
Signals from the transmitters 91 of the upper multi-axis heads can be received, and the types of multi-axis heads on each of the elevator rails 10, 18 can be stored in a sequencer 99, which will be described later.

In FIG. 13, the multi-spindle exchangeable head machine tool M configured as described above is used to handle a plurality of types of workpieces, for example, four types of workpieces WA, which are intermittently conveyed.
In order to process WB, WC, and WD from both sides, there are multiple processing stations S1, S2, and S, for example, at five locations.
3, S4, and S5. That is, the conveyor 95 is arranged in an endless manner so as to sequentially pass through the processing stations S1 to S5, and the machine tools M are arranged on both sides of the conveyor 95 at positions corresponding to the respective processing stations S1 to S5. Ru.

A plurality of pallets 96 are placed on a conveyor 95, and an input station Si is set at a fixed position before entering each processing station S1 to S5.
Then, one of the plurality of types of workpieces WA, WB, WC, and WD is placed on the pallet 96. In addition, a payout station So is set at a fixed position after passing through each processing station S1 to S5, and the workpieces WA, WB, WC, and WD processed at each processing station S1 to S5 are placed at the payout station.
It is paid out from the top of pallet 96 with So. Moreover, the pallets 96 after being delivered are circulated to the input station Si.

The loading station Si has workpieces WA, WB,
A workpiece detector 97 is provided to detect whether WC or WD is input, and a signal detected by this workpiece detector 97 is input to an overall controller 98. On the other hand, each machine tool M is equipped with a sequencer 99 and a CNC device 100, and the type of workpiece input to the input station Si is transmitted from the general control panel 98 to each sequencer 99.
transmitted to.

In each machine tool M, by reading the signal from the transmitter 91 with the detectors 89 and 90,
Each index arm 28, 31 has a multi-axis head A1-A3, B1-B3, C1-C3,
It is detected whether any of D1 to D3 is engaged, and the data is stored in the sequencer 99. From CNC device 100 to sequencer 99
A multi-axis head read command and a machining command signal are inputted to the multi-axis head, and by comparison with data stored in the sequencer 99, a desired multi-axis head is moved to the machining position MP. At this time, if there is a desired multi-axis head on the first guide rails 5, 5, it is moved to the processing position MP by the operation of only the first index mechanism 25, but the desired multi-axis head is moved to the processing position MP. When the head is on the guide rails 6, 6, the desired multi-axis head is lowered onto the first guide rails 5, 5 by the action of the lifting mechanism 60 and the second index mechanism 26, and further moved to the processing position by the first index mechanism 25. Forced to move to MP.

Also, from the overall control panel 98, the type of work,
The number of stations and the number of processes from the input station Si to the relevant station are input to the sequencer 99 as reference commands, and by comparing the preparation command signal with the data stored in the sequencer 99, the number of stations to be prepared is determined. The axle heads are searched, and the multi-axis heads to be prepared are sequentially moved to the first guide rails 5, 5 in accordance with commands from the sequencer 99.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained with reference to FIG. 14. In a certain machine tool M, for example, workpieces WA, WB, WC, and WD are delivered in this order, and each workpiece WA, WB,
When performing three steps of drilling, tapping, and reaming in order for WC and WD,
As shown in FIG. 14a, the first guide rails 5, 5
It is assumed that multi-axis heads A1 to A3 and B1 to B3 are arranged in order on the top, and multi-axis heads C1 to C3 and D1 to D3 are arranged in order on the second guide rails 6 and 6. .

In this case, after bringing the multi-axis head A1 to the machining position MP and drilling the workpiece WA,
The multi-axis heads A2 and A3 are sequentially brought to the processing position MP to sequentially perform tapping and reaming.

Thereafter, as the workpiece WB is transported, the multi-axis head B1 is brought to the machining position MP as shown in FIG. 14b to perform drilling. At this time, since the corresponding multi-axis heads C1, C2, and C3 of the workpiece WC to be transported next are on the second guide rails 6, 6, the workpiece WC is transferred to the second guide rail 6 during processing by the multi-axis head B1. , 6 to the first guide rails 5, 5.

That is, the lifting rails 10, 10; 18, 18
Multi-axis heads A1 and D3 located at positions corresponding to
As shown in FIG. 14c, it is raised to the upper limit position by the lifting mechanism 60. As a result, the multi-axis head A1 rises to a position corresponding to the second guide rails 6, 6, and the multi-axis head D3 moves up to the position corresponding to the second guide rails 6, 6.
evacuate upwards. At this time, the data of the evacuated multi-axis head D3 is erased from the sequencer 99, and by reading the data from the transmitter 91 of the multi-axis head A1 with the detector 90, the data of the index arm 31 in the second index mechanism 26 and The relationship with the multi-axis head A1 is newly stored in the sequencer 99.

Next, as shown in FIG. 14d, the second index mechanism 26 moves the multi-axis heads C1 to C3,
D1 to D2, A1 are driven clockwise along the second guide rails 6, 6 for an angular displacement of 60 degrees. Therefore, the multi-axis head C1 comes to a position corresponding to the lifting rails 18, 18.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 14e, the elevating mechanism 6
0, the multi-axis head D3 is lowered to a position corresponding to the second guide rails 6, 6, and the multi-axis head C1 is lowered to a position corresponding to the first guide rails 5, 5. At this time, the relationship between the multi-axis head D3 and the index arm 31 of the second index mechanism 26 is stored anew in the sequencer 99, and in the sequencer 99, the relationship between the multi-axis head D3 and the index arm 31 of the second index mechanism 26 is stored.
1 data is stored in association with the index arm 28 of the first index mechanism 25.

This operation is performed in the same way during the machining operation by the multi-axis heads B2 and B3.
2, the multi-axis head C2 is lowered from the second guide rails 6, 6 to the first guide rails 5, 5, and during processing by the multi-axis head B3, the multi-axis head CC3 is lowered from the second guide rails 6, 6. It is lowered to the first guide rails 5,5. Moreover, in exchange for multi-axis heads C2 and C3, multi-axis heads A2,
A3 is moved from the first guide rails 5,5 to the second guide rails 6,6.

Therefore, after machining workpiece WB, workpiece WC
When the head is transported, the multi-axis heads C1 and C
2 and C3 are brought to the machining position MP in sequence, and machining can be performed in sequence using the respective multi-axis heads C1, C2, and C3.

During processing using such multi-axis heads C1, C2, C3, multi-axis heads D1, D2, D3 move from the second guide rails 6, 6 to the first guide rails 5, 6 in preparation for the next workpiece WD to be transported. It will be lowered to 5.

For example, when machining with multi-axis head C2,
As shown in FIG. 14f, the multi-axis head D2 is
It is lowered onto the guide rails 5,5. On this occasion,
In the second guide rails 6, 6, the multi-axis head D3
is located above the multi-axis head D2.

Therefore, after the machining by the multi-axis head C2 is completed, the first
When operating the index mechanism 25, as shown in FIG.
6 is also activated to angularly displace the multi-axis head D3 by 60 degrees.

When advancing the multi-axis head C3 to the processing position MP to process the workpiece WC, the elevating mechanism 60 is operated to raise and lower the multi-axis head B3 to the second guide rails 6, 6, as shown in FIG. 14h. At the same time, the multi-axis head A1 is retracted upward from the second guide rails 6, 6.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 14i, the second indexing mechanism 26 is operated by 60 degrees in the opposite direction to that shown in FIG. 14g, and the multi-axis head D3 is placed on the lifting rails 10, 10.

By lowering the elevating mechanism 60 in this state, the multi-axis head D3 can be lowered onto the first guide rails 5, 5, as shown in FIG. 14j.

In this way, each multi-axis head A1 to A3, B
1-B3, C1-C3, D1-D3 are the processing positions
Since it can be brought to the MP and processed at will, and the multi-axis head can be prepared and arranged in preparation for the next processing, processing efficiency is improved. Also,
Since the same number of multi-axis heads can be stored on the first and second guide rails 5, 5; 6, 6, a larger number of multi-axis heads can be stored than in the prior art.

In the elevating mechanism 60, the guide columns 61, 61 are substantially integrated with the base 1 by the connecting members 66, 66: 69, 69, so that the vertical state of the guide columns 61, 61 can be stably supported. Become. In addition, when the lifting mechanism 60 is raised and lowered, the rail support 13 connecting the lifting rails 10, 10, and the lifting rail 18,
18 is guided by guide rods 84, 84; 85, 85, and multi-axis heads A1-A3, B1-B3, C1-C3, D1-D
The locking block 36 of No. 3 is connected to the head guide members 86, 8.
7, so multi-axis heads A1 to A3, B
1 to B3, C1 to C3, and D1 to D3 move up and down stably. Furthermore, a pair of upper and lower elevating bodies 62, 62
are connected by a connecting member 74, and a pair of chains 77, 77 connected to the upper elevating body 62 are connected to the guide column 61,
Sprocket foil 76 pivoted on the upper end of 61,
76, and those chains 77,
Since balance weights 78, 78 are connected to 77, the elevating bodies 62, 62 can stably move up and down while maintaining their horizontal posture, and can be driven by a single elevating drive means 63. .

In the first and second index mechanisms 25, 26, a substantially U-shaped engagement member 38 is disposed at the tip of each index arm 28, 31 and resiliently biased in a direction protruding from the tip. Since the guide parts 44, 5 are provided at the upper and lower center of the head 38, and the tips of the locking block 36 are formed to correspond to the guide protrusions 44, 45, each of the multi-axis heads A1 to A3,
The locking block 36 and the index arm 2
8 and 31 can be easily engaged and disengaged, and moreover, it is possible to firmly maintain the engaged state.

C. Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the present invention, by simply driving the first and second lifting rails, which constitute a part of the first and second guide rails, up and down together with the lifting body, both lifting rails can be moved up and down. It is possible to raise and lower two multi-axis heads at the same time, and in particular, to move one of the multi-axis heads directly from one guide rail to the other, which has traditionally been necessary in this type of machine tool. There is no need for any special work to transfer the multi-axis head between the lifting mechanism and the first and second guide rails, and the multi-axis head can be exchanged extremely quickly between the two guide rails. can. In addition, the first and second lifting rails, which are part of the first and second guide rails, can be used as a lifting support for head replacement that moves up and down between the two guide rails, and the lifting mechanism and each guide rail can be moved between the lifting mechanism and each guide rail. Since the mechanism for relocating the multi-axis head is extremely simplified, the structure of the device can be simplified and costs can be reduced. In particular, when the first elevating rail is raised to move to the second guide rail, the multi-axis head stored in the second elevating rail located directly above the first elevating rail is moved together with the second elevating rail. Since it can be automatically retracted upward, there is no need to always secure empty space on the second guide rail to receive the multi-axis head from the first guide rail, and the first and second guide rails Since the same number of multi-axis heads can be stored at all times, the storage capacity of the multi-axis heads can be increased accordingly.

Furthermore, the type of each multi-axis head on the first and second lifting rails can be detected and stored in the sequencer through cooperation between the transmitter on the multi-axis head side and the detector on the base side. The position of the multi-axis head on the second guide rail can be accurately grasped, and the multi-axis head can be indexed to correspond to a new workpiece. Furthermore, the above-mentioned detector is located on one side of the base on the side of the elevating object, and can particularly receive signals from the multi-axis head on the elevating rail.
It is possible to check the lifting/lowering movement of the lifting rail based on the presence or absence of reception, and when the lifting/lowering movement is completed, the type of multi-axis head transferred onto the other guide rail can be immediately detected. I can do it.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of an exchangeable machine tool with a multi-axis head, and FIG. 2 is a simplified exploded perspective view with the multi-axis head of FIG. 1 removed. , FIG. 3 is a simplified partial cutaway side view seen from the direction of the arrow in FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the - line in FIG. 3, and FIG.
Fig. 6 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the - line in Fig. 4, Fig. 7 is a view in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 6, Fig. 8 is a view in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 7 with the locking block removed, and Fig. 9 is a view taken in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 7. Fig. 3 is a view in the direction of the arrows, Fig. 10 is a side view corresponding to Fig. 3 when the elevating mechanism is raised, Fig. 11 is a view taken along the line XI-XI in Fig. 3, and Fig. 12 is a view taken along the line XII in Fig. 3. -XII line sectional view, 13th
The figure is a simplified diagram showing an example of the arrangement of a multi-spindle head exchangeable machine tool, and FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram for sequentially explaining the multi-spindle head exchange operation. 1... Base, 2... Processing unit, 5... First
Guide rail, 6... Second guide rail, 7... Movable rail, 8, 9... First fixed rail, 10... First lifting rail, 17... Second fixed rail, 18...
...Second lifting rail, 25...First index mechanism, 26...Second index mechanism, 62...Elevating body, 89...First detector, 90...Second detector, 91...Transmission instrument, 97... workpiece detector,
98...Control panel, 99...Sequencer, A1-A
3, B1 to B3, C1 to C3, D1 to D3...Multi-axis head, HP...Original position, MP...Processing position.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. On a base 1 equipped with a processing unit 2, a first annular guide rail 5 surrounding the unit 2;
An annular second guide rail 6 formed to have the same diameter as the first guide rail 5 and aligned on the same axis above the first guide rail 5 is disposed, and each of the guide rails 5 and 6 is provided with:
A plurality of multi-axis heads A1 to A3; B1 to B3; C1
~C3; supports D1 to D3 in a movable manner, and base 1
The first index mechanism 25 is capable of driving each multi-axis head on the first guide rail 5, and the second index mechanism 26 is capable of driving each multi-axis head on the second guide rail 6. Each multi-axis head is removably attached to a corresponding multi-axis head, and each multi-axis head is capable of machining a workpiece in cooperation with the machining unit 2 when it is at a predetermined position on the first guide rail 5. In a machine tool with an exchangeable shaft head, an elevating body 62 is supported on a guide post 61 arranged on one side of both guide rails 5 and 6 so as to be movable up and down between a predetermined upper limit position and a predetermined lower limit position. Guide rail 6
is divided into a second fixed rail 17 fixed to the base 1 and a second elevating rail 18 fixed to the elevating body 62 and aligned with the second fixed rail 17 at its lower limit position, while the first guide rail 5 is , the first fixed rails 8 and 9 fixed to the base 1, the first fixed rails 8 and 9 fixed to the elevating body 62 at their lower limit positions, and the second fixed rails 17 at their upper limit positions, respectively. Each multi-axis head is equipped with a transmitter 91 that outputs a signal according to the type of the head. a first detector 89 capable of receiving a signal from a transmitter 91 of the shaft head;
and the second lifting rail 1 at the lower limit position of the lifting body 62.
a second detector 90 capable of receiving signals from the transmitter 91 of the multi-axis head on the first lifting rail 10 at its upper limit position; , both detectors 89,9
The detectors 89 and 90 are fixed to one side of the base 1 on the side of the elevating body so that the numbers 0 are arranged vertically at a predetermined interval, and the detectors 89 and 90 are connected to the first and second index mechanisms 25 and 26 and the elevating body 62. 1. A head exchange device with a head position detection mechanism for a multi-axis exchangeable head machine tool, characterized in that it is connected to a sequencer 99 that controls the operation of the head.