JPH0587294B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a granulation and coating device.

[Prior art]

Conventionally, various granulation methods and coating methods are known for forming pharmaceuticals, foods, electronic component materials such as ferrite, and other granular materials.

One of them is granulation and coating using a fluidized bed granulation dryer. Granulation using this fluidized bed granulation/drying equipment involves sending air into the raw material powder from below to form a vertically moving air flow (fluidized bed) in the granulation chamber. The raw material powder is also moved up and down, and granulation is performed by supplying the binder.

In the case of granulation using this fluidized bed granulation/drying apparatus, the granules formed are aggregates, amorphous, and only light. In addition, the particle size varies widely within the range of 0.1 to 2.0, making it impossible to obtain particles with uniform particle size. Regarding coating, although film coating is possible, it has the disadvantage that a good coating cannot be obtained because the coating liquid is blown away by the air flow from below. This is not possible with powder coating because the powder will fly off.

Another conventional granulation device is a stirring granulation device. In other words, granulation is performed by rotating a stirring blade, and the raw material powder is supplied and the binder is atomized while being stirred by the stirring blade to perform granulation. In this case, relatively spherical aggregates and heavy aggregates can be obtained. or,
The particle size is in the range 0.1-2.0 mm. In the case of this stirring granulation device, it is difficult to perform drying, coating, cooling, etc.

Furthermore, rotating disk type granulators are also known. In this method, cylindrical granules are placed on a rotating disk, and the cylindrical granules are rolled, thereby forming almost identical spherical granules. . In the case of this granulator, a pre-process such as forming columnar granules in advance using an extrusion granulator is required. In addition, when forming spherical granules directly from powder without using cylindrical granules, it is necessary to use a material that has been made suitable for tightening the powder with water or a binder in advance. With this rotating disk type granulator, heavy granules that are close to true spheres are obtained, and the particle size range is from 1.0 to 5.0. Although coating is possible by moistening the granulated material in advance, it is difficult to dry or cool it, and even if it is done, it takes a long time.

As mentioned above, in each conventional granulating device and coating device, the granules formed by each device have different shapes such as amorphous and spherical, and the granules are light and heavy. The products that can be obtained are limited to specific products, such as those with different densities and particle size ranges. In addition, most of the devices are capable of only specific processes, such as devices that only granulate but cannot coat, and devices that cannot dry.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

The problem to be solved by the present invention is that almost all processes such as mixing, granulation, coating, drying, cooling, etc. can be performed in one device, and it is possible to carry out almost all processes such as mixing, granulation, coating, drying, cooling, etc. The object of the present invention is to provide a granulation and coating device that can produce particles of various sizes over a wide range.

[Means for solving problems]

In the present invention, a fixed plate is fixed in the granulation chamber, and the cylindrical body has a vent hole in a part thereof to allow air to flow downward, and the plate is rotatably held on the fixed plate. It has ventilation inclined wings and a vent for supplying air to the lower part of the fixed plate, and further has a raw powder supply port, a coating powder supply port, and a coating powder supply port arranged above the fixed plate. A device equipped with at least one of a spray gun for liquid atomization and a spray gun for binder atomization, which supplies air by blowing air without rotating the ventilation inclined blades and downwardly through the vents etc. that communicate with the lower part of the fixed plate. Pelletization using a fluidized bed is possible by discharging air toward the target, and rolling granulation using an annular spiral laminar flow is possible by rotating inclined blades after supplying air. Granulation is possible by various granulation methods, such as agitation granulation by stopping the supply and rotating the inclined blade, and coating by spraying the coating liquid or by spraying the coating liquid and supplying the coating powder. Alternatively, various processes such as film coating, drying or cooling by turning the air supplied from the air outlet into hot or cold air can be performed.

Furthermore, in the granulator of the present invention, in addition to the above-mentioned configuration, by providing granulation action-enhancing blades, it is possible to perform granulation, coating, etc. by charging a large amount of raw material compared to the volume of the granulator. It made it possible.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the granulation and coating apparatus of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a granulation chamber, 2 is a fixed plate fixed to the bearing 3,
5 is a rotating shaft 4 rotatably supported by a bearing 3;
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 on an enlarged scale, it is a ventilation inclined blade that is attached to the rotary shaft 4 and is rotated by the rotation of the rotating shaft 4. It has a triangular cross section that rises obliquely in the direction of rotation, and extends from the center to the periphery, as shown enlarged in FIGS. 2 and 3. It is a cylindrical body that extends toward the front and has a large number of ventilation holes 6 on its lower surface. Also, inside the cylindrical body is a ventilation hole 7 formed in the bearing 3.
It communicates with Therefore, the air supplied to the lower part of the fixed plate 2 passes through the space inside the ventilation inclined blade 5 through the ventilation hole 7 and exits downward through the numerous ventilation holes 6. 8 is an air outlet; 9 is a drive motor used to rotate the rotary shaft 4 via a pulley, belt, etc.; 10
1 is a spray gun for spraying a coating liquid, and 11 is a powder supply port for coating. In addition, although not shown, a raw material inlet, a spray gun for spraying binder liquid, a back filter, an exhaust pipe, etc. are provided. In this embodiment, a gap is formed between the fixed plate 2 and the granulation chamber 1, but this gap may not be provided.

In the device of the first embodiment, when air is supplied from the air outlet 8 without rotating the ventilation inclined blades, air is passed from the ventilation hole 7 provided in the bearing 3 through the space inside the ventilation inclined blade 5 to the ventilation hole. It is ejected from 6.
This air is directed downward, hits the fixed plate 2, passes through the gap between the fixed plate 2 and the lower surface of the ventilation rotor 5, and then flows upward. In addition, if the drive motor 9 is operated in this state to rotate the ventilation inclined blades 5, the air coming out of the ventilation hole 6 of the ventilation sloped blades 5 will become a rotating flow as a whole after hitting the fixed plate 2 and rising upward. Become. Therefore, when the rotation of the ventilation inclined blades 5 is relatively slow, the flow that rises after hitting the fixed plate 2 is averaged and becomes a flow that rises uniformly.
Further, when the ventilation inclined blades 5 rotate quickly, a flow is generated outward from the center of the fixed plate 2 due to the centrifugal force caused by the rotation. Moreover, this outward flow is
The flow hits the wall surface of the granulation chamber 1 and is directed upward, then descends toward the center, resulting in an annular laminar flow. Therefore, the annular laminar flow due to the centrifugal force and the overall flow circulating around the rotating shaft 4 become a combined flow, resulting in a flow that travels in a spiral around the rotating shaft, that is, an annular spiral laminar flow.

In this embodiment, if the raw materials are first introduced without supplying air and the ventilation inclined blades 5 are rotated, only the stirring action by the ventilation sloped blades 5 is performed because there is no air flow, and the stirring and rolling production are performed. The grain is done.

In addition, when the raw material is supplied and granulated with a relatively large amount of air supplied from the ventilation port and a low rotational speed of the ventilation inclined blades 5, the air flow flowing through the raw material is as described above. Since the flow is averaged upward at each location, the powder to be granulated moves in the vertical direction. That is, granulation is performed in a fluidized bed.

On the other hand, if the raw material is introduced and granulated with a relatively small amount of air supplied from the ventilation opening and the rotational speed of the ventilation sloped blade 5 is increased, the raw material will be granulated by the rotation of the ventilation sloped blade 5. The combined effect of the outward action of the centrifugal force and the overall flow centered on the axis of rotation results in a swirling flow as shown by reference numeral A in FIG. In addition to the flow of the powder and granules, the airflow flowing through the powder and granules also flows as described above, so that the airflow flows smoothly in a spiral shape, and this swirling flow is further promoted. This causes the powder to rotate,
They receive the rotational action of revolution and also receive frictional action from each other.
In other words, it receives ideal rolling action. In particular, when the air flow is
Since the flow is ejected downward first, the flow is almost uniform in all parts of the powder and granules, including the surface of the fixing plate 2, so the rolling granulation effect described above is extremely effective. Granules with high sphericity can be obtained.

Furthermore, by adjusting the amount of air supplied and the rotational speed of the inclined blades, it is possible to achieve granulation or agitation granulation in an intermediate state between, for example, the aforementioned fluidized bed granulation and rolling granulation with air flow added. Granulation by various granulation methods such as close granulation is possible.

As described above, by changing the air supply amount from zero to an extremely large amount and changing the rotation of the ventilation slope blade from low speed to high speed, the particle shape can be changed from an irregular shape to an extremely spherical shape, or a bulky one. It is possible to form almost any desired granulated product, ranging from light to heavy in density and from extremely small to large in particle size.

Further, while carrying out the above-mentioned granulation action, the coating liquid can be sprayed from a spray gun, and by spraying the coating liquid and supplying the coating powder, it is possible to form a coating.

In addition, drying can be carried out by supplying hot air from the air outlet 8, and granulation or coating can be performed while drying appropriately by controlling the temperature of the hot air and the amount of hot air supplied.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the device of the present invention. This embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that a granulation action enhancing vane 20 is provided on the upper part of the ventilation inclined blade 5, and this is fixed to the rotating shaft 4, but the other points are substantially the same. They have the same structure. The granulation action-enhancing blades 20 have a structure that is inclined in a direction that descends from the center toward the outer periphery and rises in the direction of movement thereof, that is, the direction of movement of the ventilation inclined blades 5.

In this embodiment, by providing the granulation action-enhancing vanes, it is possible to perform granulation by charging a large amount of raw material compared to the volume of the granulation chamber. In other words, when the drive motor 9 is operated to rotate the shaft 4 and the air is supplied from the blow pipe 8 to perform granulation, the air is blown up by the air flow and positioned upward, so that the ventilation inclined blades 5 are used. The blades 20 push down the raw material whose motion is not transmitted and the raw material is not sufficiently rotated. Therefore, when a large amount of raw material is input, this granulation action enhancing blade 2
0 pushes the raw materials above downward, and the movement by the ventilation inclined plate 5 is transmitted to all the raw materials, a rolling action is performed and granulation is performed.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a third embodiment, in which the shape of the granulation action enhancing blades 21 is different. That is, as shown in the figure, it rises from the center toward the periphery, and its tip 21a is bent downward. Moreover, it is inclined in the same direction as the granulation action enhancing blade 30 shown in FIG.

In this embodiment as well, a large amount of granulation can be performed at one time by the action of the blades 31. However, in the case of this embodiment, an effect of pressing down particularly on the granular material in the peripheral area where the rise is particularly large is obtained.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing another example of the ventilation inclined blade used in the granulation and coating apparatus of the present invention.
The ventilation inclined blade shown in this figure differs from those shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 in that the bottom surface 15 having the ventilation holes 6 also forms an inclined surface. By forming the bottom surface 15 as an inclined surface in this manner, powder or granular material will not be caught between the fixed plate 2 and the bottom surface 15 of the ventilation inclined blade 5. In other words, in the case of the ventilation inclined blades shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the gap between the bottom surface 15 and the fixed plate 2 is narrow, so there is a risk that powder or granules may be caught between them.
There is no such risk in the case of the ventilation rotor shown in the figure. However, when the inclination angle α of the bottom surface 15 becomes large, the air coming out of the ventilation hole directly rises without hitting the fixed plate. In this case, the rising air flow blows through the powder and granules and passes upward as it is, resulting in a so-called blow-through phenomenon, and does not result in a fluidized bed or annular swirl laminar flow. This means that the ventilation holes should be placed on the side of the ventilation rotor (the third
The same applies to the case where it is provided on the surface 16) shown in the figure and FIG. Therefore, the object of the present invention cannot be achieved when the ventilation inclined blade 5 has a bottom plate 15 with a large inclination angle α and has ventilation holes on that surface, or has ventilation holes on the side surface. It becomes something that does not exist.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the granulation and coating apparatus of the present invention, mixing, various types of granulation, drying, coating, etc. can all be performed in the same apparatus by rotating the ventilation inclined plate and using the airflow from it. Furthermore, by changing the rotation speed of the ventilation inclined blade, air volume, air temperature, binder or coating agent, etc., it is possible to obtain the desired shape (true sphere to irregular shape), density (light to heavy), and particle shape. You can get it.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the present invention, FIGS. 2 and 3 are partial cross-sectional views showing an enlarged portion of the inclined ventilation blade of the first embodiment, and FIG. 5 and 6 are cross-sectional views of the second and third embodiments of the present invention, respectively, and FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the movement of air and powder in the first embodiment. It is a figure showing other examples. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Granulation chamber, 2... Fixed plate, 4... Rotating shaft, 5... Ventilation inclined blade, 6, 7... Ventilation hole, 8... Ventilation port.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A fixed plate fixed in a granulation chamber, and a cylindrical body rotatably held on the upper part of the fixed plate, which has a vent hole that allows air to flow downward in a part of the fixed plate. an air vent provided at the bottom of the fixed plate, a raw material input port provided above the fixed plate, a spray gun for spraying binder, and a coating liquid provided above the fixed plate. A granulation and coating device comprising at least one of a spray gun for atomization and a powder supply port for coating. 2. The granulation and coating device according to claim 1, which has a granulation action-enhancing vane rotatably provided on the upper part of the fixed plate together with the ventilation inclined vane.