JPH0587739B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention utilizes combustion hot air that rises in a zigzag pattern in a hot air chamber and a heat exchange porous body in the form of a wide plate network with a high porosity. The shape of the water heater itself has been made as thin as possible to facilitate installation, perhaps because it is possible to instantly convert a large amount of cold water into hot water by directly exchanging heat inside the heat exchange porous body with the cold water flowing down along the porous surface. This invention relates to a direct-fired water heater that achieves the following.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, this water heater was used as a water heater that can quickly convert cold water into high-temperature hot water by direct heat exchange between the cold water and the hot combustion air by blowing hot combustion air on both sides of the cold water flowing vertically inside the water heater. Kimiaki Sane
The one shown in Publication No. 41-2297 is known,
As shown in Fig. 4, this configuration includes a pair of left and right gas chambers 1, 1 each having a blower tube 2 on one side and a combustion surface 3 made of ceramics or the like on the surface. In the middle of the pair of gas chambers 1, 1, flame circulation perforated plates 5, 5 are attached to the surfaces facing the combustion surfaces 3, 3, respectively, and a water heater 4 filled with an endothermic material 6 is located inside. At the same time, a sprinkler pipe 7 is arranged on the top of the water heater 4,
When starting the engine, gas and forced air are sent from the blower tube 2 into the gas chambers 1, 1 to generate a mixture of gases, and the hot air of combustion of this mixture of gases is forcefully transferred from the combustion surfaces 3, 3 to the water heater 4. Flame distribution perforated plates 5, 5 provided on both sides of the
The heat absorbing material 6 is directly heated by spraying it from both sides through the heat absorbing material 6, and then, when the heat absorbing material 6 is heated to a corresponding temperature, cold water is sprayed onto the heat absorbing material 6 from the sprinkler pipe 7, and the cold water flows along the heat absorbing material 6. As the hot water flows along the stream in a zigzag pattern, hot water is continuously obtained through direct heat exchange with the hot combustion air jetting out from both sides.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

By the way, in the above-mentioned known water heater, the direct heat exchange between the cold water and the hot combustion air was performed by blowing the hot combustion air from both sides laterally against the cold water flowing vertically inside the water heater. The hot combustion air collides with each other and cannot penetrate the inside of the water heater, and only heats both sides of the heat absorbing material, so the direct contact area between the cold water and the hot combustion air is significantly reduced, and the area of direct contact between the cold water and the hot combustion air is reduced. The direct heat exchange efficiency has drastically decreased, making it impossible to effectively use the hot air of combustion, and the thickness of the entire water heating system has been reduced, perhaps because it is no longer possible to continuously obtain hot water in proportion to the amount of gas used. It is not possible to reduce the installation area by making it thinner.

In addition, conventional direct-fired water heaters attempt to obtain hot water through direct heat exchange, and a large amount of steam is generated during heat exchange, which causes the steam to rise up from the water heater. There was a problem in that the water was scattered around, condensed, liquefied, and adhered as water droplets, impairing the durability of the water heating device.

The present invention is characterized in that combustion hot air rises up while penetrating in a zigzag pattern through a plate-shaped heat exchange porous body having a large porosity and a slightly wide width, and flows down along the porous surface of the heat exchange porous body. By directly exchanging heat with cold water many times, it is possible to quickly turn a large volume of cold water into high-temperature hot water, and by reliably preventing the discharge of steam outside the water heater, it can be used for a long time. The object of the present invention is to provide a direct-fired water heater that is not only possible but also easy to install by making the shape of the water heater itself as thin as possible.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, the direct-fired water heater according to claim 1 includes a hot air chamber whose upper end communicates with an exhaust window and a combustion chamber housing a burner, in a water heater body surrounded by a water storage tank. In a device that is three-dimensionally provided so as to communicate with each other, a heat exchange porous body having a slightly wide plate shape as a whole and a mesh-like interior with a large porosity is installed vertically in the hot air chamber to transfer the heat. A hot air passage leading to the exhaust window on the upper end side and a hot air passage leading to the combustion chamber on the lower end side are provided with the exchange porous body as a boundary, and the hot air passages on both sides are alternately partitioned by a plurality of partition plates to direct the combustion hot air of the burner to the exhaust window. The hot water is passed through the heat exchange porous body in a zigzag manner toward the combustion chamber, and a water reservoir is provided in the lower part of the water heater main body on one side of the combustion chamber.

In the direct-fired water heater according to claim 2, a three-dimensional structure is provided in the water heater body surrounded by a water storage tank so that a hot air chamber whose upper end communicates with the exhaust window and a combustion chamber housing a burner communicate with each other. In the hot air chamber, a heat exchange porous body having a slightly wide plate shape and a mesh-like interior with a large porosity is vertically installed, and the heat exchange porous body is used as a boundary. A hot air passage leading to the exhaust window on the upper end side and a hot air passage leading to the combustion chamber on the lower end side are provided, and the hot air passages on both sides are alternately partitioned by a plurality of partition plates to direct the combustion hot air of the burner to the exhaust window. In addition to penetrating the inside in a zigzag pattern, there is a water reservoir chamber in the lower part of the water heater main body on one side of the combustion chamber, and a plate mesh-like plate with a large porosity is installed in the hot air chamber near the exhaust window to block the hot air chamber. A moisture-absorbing porous body is provided.

[Effect]

In the invention of claim 1, when the burner 106 is operated and the exhaust window 104 side is brought into a negative pressure state, the combustion hot air of the burner 106 is spread out slightly wide and spread through the heat exchange porous body 108 which is a plate mesh having a large porosity. Hot air passages 107 provided on both left and right sides,
The heat exchange porous body 108 passes through the heat exchange porous body 108 along the direction 107 in a zigzag shape toward the exhaust window 104, and passes through the heat exchange porous body 108 many times while flowing over the flame.
At the same time as the heat exchange porous body 108 is heated across the inside, the surrounding water storage tank 102 is also heated, and the stored cold water is turned into hot water whose temperature has been raised somewhat by indirect heating. When the plate-like porous heat exchange body 108 is heated in this manner and the cold water in the water storage tank 102 becomes hot water, the hot water is sprayed onto the upper end side of the porous heat exchange body 108 through the water pipe 110. .

As the hot water slowly flows down along the porous surface of the heat exchange porous body 108, which has a plate-like shape with a high porosity, it directly encounters the combustion hot air that alternately crosses the heat exchange porous body 108. contact and efficiently exchange heat. As a result, while the hot water flows from the upper end to the lower end of the plate-like heat exchange porous body 108, it becomes high-temperature hot water and flows down into the hot water reservoir chamber 115, where it is further heated and collected as high-temperature hot water.

While the hot water work continues, the water storage tank 102 also continues to be heated by the hot combustion air, so the cold water becomes increasingly hot, and the heat exchange porous body 108
Since the hot water is sprayed on the top and the temperature of the hot water becomes higher, it is possible to continuously obtain hot water at a higher temperature. In addition, the exhaust hot air whose temperature has been lowered by the efficient heat exchange action with the hot water, together with the steam generated during the heat exchange action,
Air is exhausted from the hot air chamber 103 to the outside of the water heater main body 101 via the exhaust window 104.

In addition, in the invention of claim 2, a large amount of steam generated in the hot air chamber 103 by the heat exchange action is exhausted from the air mixture chamber 103 together with the exhaust hot air whose temperature has been lowered by the direct heat exchange action. On the way to exhaust air toward the window 103, when passing through the moisture-absorbing porous body 111 with a large porosity plate, only the steam contained in the exhaust air is deposited and condensed to liquefy, and the generated liquid is Let it drip.

Therefore, all the steam contained in the exhaust hot air is reliably liquefied and removed by the moisture-absorbing porous body 111, so that much steam is discharged from the water heater main body 101 to the outside, resulting in a large amount of steam in the water heater. Corrosion of the main body 101 can be prevented.

〔Example〕

Examples will be described with reference to the drawings.

In FIGS. 1 to 3, reference numeral 101 denotes a water heater main body having a flat box shape;
01 is surrounded by a water storage tank 102.
Inside the water heater body 101, there is an exhaust window 1 whose upper end side is opened at the top of the water heater body 101.
04 and a burner 10 inside.
The combustion chamber 105 housing the combustion chamber 6 is vertically arranged three-dimensionally so as to communicate with each other.

A flowing hot water receiver 112 forming the combustion chamber 105
is bent in steps, and the upper horizontal part is the mounting part 1.
13, a water reservoir chamber 115 is also provided between the lower side wall 114 and the water storage tank 102.

Inside the hot air chamber 103, there are hot air passages 1 on both sides.
A heat exchange porous body 108 having a slightly wide plate shape is vertically arranged and partitioned so that 07 and 107 are formed respectively, and the lower end side of this heat exchange porous body 108 is connected to the flowing water receiving body. 112, and the upper end side is mounted with a suitable mounting member.

The left and right hot air passages 107, 107 are alternately partitioned by a plurality of partition plates 109, and are formed so that the burner 106 can pass through the heat exchange porous body 108 in a zigzag shape.
110 has one end connected to the upper side of the water storage tank 102, and the other end connects the drainage section 110a to the heat exchange porous body 108.
This is a drain pipe located above. 111 is the hot air chamber 1 inside the hot air chamber 103 located near the exhaust window 104.
It is a moisture-absorbing porous body that has a plate mesh shape and is arranged so as to block 03.

Both the heat exchange porous body 108 and the moisture absorption porous body 111 described above have a large surface area, which is the porosity.
In addition, it has a three-dimensional network structure that increases the contact reaction rate, such as a porous ceramic body made of Everlite Scott (trade name) as a base material, coated with a ceramic raw material and fired, or polyurethane. Aluminum foam or stainless steel foam is used, which is made by pouring molten aluminum or stainless steel into a sponge and molding it with a special agent.

116 is a suction/exhaust device attached to the exhaust window 104, 117 is a water supply pipe connected to the lower part of the water tank 102, and 118 is a hot water supply pipe whose one end is connected to the hot water reservoir chamber 115.

Note that the water tank 102 may extend to the upper part of the water heater main body 101 as shown by the chain line in FIG.
Therefore, in the direct-fired water heater of the above embodiment, when the burner 106 and the suction/exhaust device 116 are operated, the combustion hot air comes out from the combustion chamber 105 and flows in a zigzag pattern along the hot air passages 107, 107. While flowing over the flame towards the exhaust window 104, it penetrates the inside of the heat exchange porous body 108 many times, heating it and also heating the surrounding water storage tank 102.
The stored cold water is turned into heated hot water. When the heat exchange porous body 108 is heated and hot water is obtained by performing the above operations, the water pipe 11
When hot water is sprayed onto the heat exchange porous body 108 by 0, the hot water slowly flows down along the porous surface of the heat exchange porous body 108 in the form of a plate mesh, and a flame zigzags through the heat exchange porous body 108. At the same time, the hot water is uniformly and directly contacted with the hot combustion air flowing upstream to exchange heat, and at the same time, as it flows down, it is sequentially brought into direct contact with the high temperature combustion hot air, so it becomes high temperature hot water and flows down onto the flowing hot water receiver 112. After hot water is stored in the hot water storage chamber 115, the hot water supply pipe 1
18, hot water is supplied to an appropriate location.

By the way, a large amount of steam generated during the above-mentioned direct heat exchange operation is going to be exhausted to the outside of the water heater main body 101 through the exhaust window 104 by the suction/exhaust device 116 together with the cooled exhaust air. However, in the hot air chamber 103 near the exhaust window 104, a plate-like moisture absorbing porous body 111 with a large porosity is arranged so as to block the hot air chamber 103.
While the low-temperature exhaust heat containing a large amount of steam flows through the moisture-absorbing porous body 111, the steam adheres and condenses, becomes liquefied, becomes water droplets, and drips into the water reservoir chamber 115,
A large amount of steam is prevented from being exhausted as it is outside the water heater main body 101, and good water heating operation can be continued for a long period of time.

〔Effect of the invention〕

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it produces the effects described below.

From the start of hot water work, the hot water heated in the water storage tank 102 can be sprayed onto the heat exchange porous body 108 in the form of a plate with a large porosity, and the hot water can spread along the porous surface of the heat exchange porous body 108. As it slowly flows down, it passes through the left and right hot air passages 107, 107 from the combustion chamber 105, passes through the heat exchange porous body 108 in a zigzag pattern, and directly exchanges heat evenly with the combustion hot air that rises up, instantaneously increasing the temperature. The heat exchange porous body 108 is installed vertically in the form of a plate mesh to make the water heater main body 1 as thin as possible, reducing the installation area and reducing the amount of hot water between hot water and combustion hot air. A large amount of steam generated during direct heat exchange passes through the hot air chamber 103 together with the cooled exhaust air and exits the exhaust window 10.
4 is prevented from being exhausted outside the water heater main body 101 by a moisture-absorbing porous body 111 in the form of a plate mesh with a large porosity disposed in the hot air chamber 103 near the exhaust window 104 so as to block the hot air chamber 103. It is possible to prevent the adhering dew from condensing, liquefying and dripping as water droplets, and from directly exhausting a large amount of steam to the outside.As a result, corrosion caused by water droplets dripping to the outside from the exhaust window 104 is eliminated, and corrosion can be prevented directly. Not only can the life of the fire-type water heater be extended, but also the heat exchange porous body 10 distributes combustion hot air from the bottom to the top in a zigzag pattern.
8, even if the amount of combustion is small, the hot water flowing down through the heat exchange porous body 108 is successively heat-exchanged and heated, and as it flows, it comes into direct contact with the high-temperature combustion air, and the temperature becomes higher and higher. In addition, the hot water reservoir chamber 115 can be used as hot water in the combustion chamber 10.
You can get hotter water towards one side of 5.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the direct-fired water heater according to the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a side view with main parts cut away, and Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional plan view taken along line A-A in Fig. 1. , FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway front view of a heat exchange porous body, and FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway longitudinal sectional front view of a conventional heat exchange porous body. 101...Water heater body, 102...Water tank, 103
...Hot air chamber, 104...Exhaust window, 105...Combustion chamber, 1
06...Burner, 107...Hot air passage, 108...Heat exchange porous body, 109...Partition plate, 110...Water pipe, 1
11... Moisture-absorbing porous body, 115... Water reservoir chamber.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A hot air chamber surrounded by a water storage tank and a hot air chamber whose upper end communicates with an exhaust window and a combustion chamber housing a burner that are three-dimensionally provided in a water heater body so as to communicate with each other, wherein the hot air chamber A heat exchange porous body having a slightly wide plate shape and a mesh-like interior with a large porosity is installed vertically, and a hot air passage whose upper end communicates with an exhaust window with the heat exchange porous body as a boundary is provided. A hot air passage is provided whose lower end side communicates with the combustion chamber, and the hot air passages on both sides are alternately partitioned by a plurality of partition plates to direct the combustion hot air of the burner toward the exhaust window and pass through the heat exchange porous body in a zigzag manner. A direct-fired water heater characterized by having a hot water reservoir in the lower part of the water heater body on one side of the room. 2 In a water heater body with a water storage tank surrounding it, a hot air chamber whose upper end communicates with an exhaust window and a combustion chamber housing a burner are three-dimensionally provided so as to communicate with each other, and within the hot air chamber, the entire body is slightly wide. A heat exchange porous body with a plate-like shape and a mesh-like interior with a large porosity is installed vertically, and with the heat exchange porous body as a boundary, the upper end side is connected to the exhaust window, and the lower end side is connected to the combustion chamber. The hot air passages on both sides are alternately partitioned by a plurality of partition plates, and the combustion hot air of the burner is directed toward the exhaust window and passes through the heat exchange porous body in a zigzag manner, and the hot air passages on both sides are alternately partitioned by a plurality of partition plates. Direct-fired type, characterized by having a water reservoir chamber in the lower part of the main body, and a moisture-absorbing porous body in the form of a plate mesh with a large porosity arranged in the hot air chamber near the exhaust window so as to block the hot air chamber. Water heater.