JPH06100249B2 - Case structure of deceleration reversing machine - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a case structure of a speed reducer / reverse gear for a ship, and in particular, an input shaft can be installed at either a concentric position or an eccentric position with respect to an output shaft. The present invention relates to a case structure of a speed reduction / reversing machine.

(Prior Art) An example of this type of reduction / reversing machine is described in Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 48-38278. According to the structure of this publication, the reverse clutch unit is arranged above the output shaft, and the forward clutch unit is arranged on both sides of the output shaft and obliquely above. And when configuring a concentric type reduction / reversing machine,
The input shaft is arranged concentrically with the output shaft, and the input shaft is connected to the input portion of the forward clutch unit via a gear. When constructing an eccentric type speed reducer / reverse gear, the input shaft is arranged concentrically with the reverse clutch unit (in a positional relationship of eccentricity with respect to the output shaft), and the input shaft is connected to the input part of the reverse clutch unit. Are directly connected.

The conventional cases used for the speed reducer / reverse machine can be roughly classified into the following two types. That is, one is a horizontal split type that can divide the entire case into three upper and lower cases with a horizontal plane (a surface parallel to the output shaft) as a boundary, and the other is a horizontal split type with the vertical surface as a boundary and the case is divided into two front and rear cases. It is a vertical division type that can be divided.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, in the conventional case structure, it is necessary to use different cases for the concentric type and the different core type in both the horizontal division type and the vertical division type, and the cost is low. Get higher Particularly, in the case of the horizontal division type, it is impossible to use both case parts for both the eccentric type and the concentric type. In the case of the vertical split type, for the concentric type and the different core type, it is necessary to drastically change the structure of the case part (case front half) on the input shaft side, and each requires a dedicated case front half. High cost.

(Means for Solving Problems) In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an output shaft 2, a support shaft 11 of a forward clutch unit 3 arranged directly above the output shaft 2, and an output shaft. 2 is provided with the support shaft 12 of the reverse clutch unit 4 arranged diagonally above, and the output pinions 9 and 10 which are intermittently connected via the clutches 7 and 8 are fitted to the support shafts 11 and 12, respectively, The clutch gears 5 and 6 are fixed, the output pinions 9 and 10 are always meshed with the output gear 16 of the output shaft 2, the clutch gears 5 and 6 are meshed with each other, and the input shaft is approximately concentric with the output shaft 2. 1 is arranged to connect the support shaft 11 of the forward clutch unit 3 and the input shaft 1 via gears 14 and 15, and the front end extension 55 of the support shaft 11 of the forward clutch unit 3 is directly input shaft. In the deceleration reversing machine that can be changed to the different core structure The rear case 21 of the case assembly includes a bearing boss 25 that supports the rear part of the output shaft 2, a bearing boss 28 that supports the rear part of the forward clutch unit support shaft 11, and a rear part of the reverse clutch unit support shaft 12. The intermediate case 22 has a bearing boss for supporting, and the intermediate case 22 supports a rear end surface attachable to the front end surface of the rear case 21 and a front end portion of the output shaft 2.
35, a bearing boss 36 that penetrates and supports the front part of the support shaft 11 for the forward clutch unit, and a bearing boss that supports the front part of the support shaft 12 for the reverse clutch unit, and the front case 23 has a normal posture. Has a rear end surface attachable to the front end surface of the rear case 23 in the inverted posture in which the front end surface of the intermediate case 22 is inverted by 180 °, and the first, second and third bearing bosses 45, 46, In the concentric structure in which the front and rear cases 23, 21 are fastened via the middle case 22, the first case of the front case 23 in the normal posture is provided.
In the eccentric structure in which the input shaft 1 is supported by the bearing boss 45, the front end of the forward clutch unit support shaft 11 is supported by the second bearing boss 46, and the front and rear cases 23, 21 are directly fastened, First bearing boss 45 of front case 23
The front end of the support shaft 11 for the front clutch unit is supported by, the front part of the output shaft 2 is supported by the second bearing boss 46, and the front part of the support shaft 12 of the reverse clutch unit is supported by the third bearing boss. It is characterized by having done.

(Operation) According to the above configuration, when the input shaft is concentric with the output shaft, the middle case is fixed to the front end surface of the rear case, and the front case has a normal posture on the front end surface of the middle case. Fixed by.

In this state, the output shaft and the rear part of both clutch units are supported by the bearing boss of the rear case. The output shaft and the front part of both clutch units are supported by the bearing boss of the intermediate case. The front part of the input shaft is supported by the first bearing boss of the front case, and the front end of the forward clutch unit is supported by the second bearing boss of the front case.

When the input shaft is eccentric to the output shaft (concentric with the forward clutch unit), the middle case is not used, and the front case has the normal posture on the front end surface of the rear case. And are fixed in the upside down posture.

Even in this state, the output shaft and the rear portion of both clutch units are supported by the bearing boss of the rear case. The front part of the output shaft is supported by the second bearing boss of the front case, the input shaft is supported by the first bearing boss of the front case, and the front part of the reverse clutch unit is supported by the third bearing boss of the front case. Supported.

(Example) First, a concentric structure will be described. In FIG. 2, which is a partially cutaway front schematic view, an input shaft 1 and an output shaft 2 are arranged horizontally and concentrically with each other. A forward clutch unit 3 is arranged directly above the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 2, and a reverse clutch unit 4 is arranged obliquely above the shafts 1 and 2. The forward and reverse clutch units 3 and 4 respectively include clutch input gears 5 and 6, clutches 7 and 8, and clutch output pinions 9 and 10 on support shafts 11 and 12. The support shafts 11 and 12 are parallel to the input shafts 1 and 2. The forward clutch unit 3 also includes a gear 14. Gear 14
Is connected to the clutch input gear 5 (input portion) by a support shaft 11 and meshes with the input gear 15 on the input shaft 1. The output pinion 9 of the forward clutch unit 3 meshes with the output gear 16 on the output shaft 2. The input gear 6 of the reverse clutch unit 4 meshes with the input gear 5 of the forward clutch unit 3, and the output pinion 10 meshes with the output gear 16.

In FIG. 1 which is a schematic vertical vertical cross-section, a case assembly 20 for accommodating the above-mentioned respective parts is a rear case 21, an intermediate case 22,
It is composed of the front case 23. The rear case 21 integrally includes an end wall 25 and a peripheral wall 26, and bearing bosses 27 and 28 are formed on the end wall 25. The bearing boss 27 supports the rear portion of the output shaft 2 via a bearing, and the output shaft 2 protruding from the bearing boss 27
The rear end portion of the rear is connected to a propeller shaft (not shown) via a joint. The bearing boss 28 supports the rear end of the support shaft 11 of the forward clutch unit 3 via a bearing. In addition to the bearing bosses 27 and 28, a bearing boss (not shown) is provided on the end wall 25, and the bearing boss supports the rear end of the support shaft 12 of the reverse clutch unit 4 shown in FIG. Has been done.

The rear end surface 31 of the middle case 22 is fixed to the front end surface 30 of the rear case peripheral wall 26 by a plurality of bolts 32. The intermediate case 22 integrally includes a plurality of cylindrical bearing bosses 35 and 36.
The rear half of the bearing boss 35 (the right half in FIG. 1) supports the front end of the output shaft 2 via a bearing 37. The front half of the bearing boss 35 supports the rear end of the input shaft 1 via a bearing 38. The latter half of the bearing boss 36 supports the intermediate portion of the support shaft 11 via a bearing 39. The front half of the bearing boss 36 supports the boss 41 of the gear 14 via the bearing 40. Although not shown, the intermediate case 22 is also provided with a bearing boss for supporting the front end of the support shaft 12 of the reverse clutch unit 4 shown in FIG.

The rear end surface 43 of the front case 23 is fixed to the front end surface 42 of the middle case 22 by a plurality of bolts 44. The front case 23 is integrally provided with first and second bearing bosses 45 and 46. The bearing boss 45 supports the intermediate portion of the input shaft 1 via a bearing 47. Also, the bearing boss 45 has a penetrating structure,
The front end of the input shaft 1 protruding from 45 is connected to a flywheel 49 of the engine via a damper 48. The bearing boss 46 has a closed structure, and the boss of the gear 14 is connected via the bearing 51.
Supports 52. Further, the front case 23 is provided with a projecting portion 53 which projects downward from the rear case 21. The overhang portion 53 covers the lower portion of the flywheel 49 from the rear. Although not shown, the front case 23 is also provided with a third bearing boss that supports the front end of the support shaft 12 of the reverse clutch unit 4 in an eccentric state described later.

The bosses 41 and 52 are integrally projected forward and backward from the inner peripheral portion of the gear 14 main body, and the gear 14 is connected to the front end extension 55 of the support shaft 11 at the inner peripheral portions of the gear 14 main body and the rear boss 41 via splines. Has been done. The extension portion 55 is a portion that constitutes the input shaft in the eccentric state described below. The reverse clutch unit 4 has substantially the same structure as the forward clutch unit 3, but differs from the forward clutch unit 3 in that the extension 55 is not provided.

Next, the eccentric structure will be described. In FIG. 3, the first
The intermediate case 22 shown in the figure, the input shaft 1, and the gears 14 and 15 are not used. In this structure, the front end face 30 of the rear case 21 is
The rear end surface 43 of the front case 23 is fixed by a plurality of bolts 32. Further, the front case 23 is in an upside down inverted position in which the normal position shown in FIG.
Extends above the rear case 21. Front case
The bearing boss 46 of 23 is located below the bearing boss 45, and supports the rear end of the output shaft 2 via the bearing 37. Bearing boss
45 supports the front part of the support shaft 11 via a bearing 39. The extension portion 55 projects forward from the bearing boss 45 to form an input shaft, and is connected to the damper 48 via a spline on the outer periphery. Although not shown, the front end of the support shaft 12 of the reverse clutch unit 4 is located at the third position of the front case 23.
It is supported via a bearing by a bearing boss (not shown).

Of course, in order to assemble each part as described above, the middle part case
22 and the rear end surface of the front case 23 in the inverted position
The size and shape of 43 are set to be the same or almost the same. The inner peripheral dimensions of the second half of the bearing bosses 35 and 36 of the middle case 22 are set to be the same as the inner peripheral dimensions of the bearing bosses 46 and 45 of the front case 23, respectively. Also the diameter dimension,
The outer peripheral dimensions of the bearings 51 and 47 are set to be the same, respectively.

Next, the operation of the embodiment will be described.

In the concentric structure of FIG. 2, from the input shaft 1 to the input gears 15, 14,
The rotational force is transmitted to the clutch input gear 5 via the support shaft 11, and the rotational force is also transmitted from the gear 5 to the gear 6. If the clutch 7 of the forward clutch unit 3 is connected in this state,
Rotational force is transmitted from the gear 5 to the output pinion 9 via the clutch 7, and rotational force is transmitted from the output pinion 9 to the output shaft 2 via the output gear 16. When the clutch 8 of the reverse clutch unit 4 is connected, the rotational force is transmitted from the gear 6 to the output pinion 10 via the clutch 8, and the rotational force is transmitted from the output pinion 10 to the output shaft 2 via the output gear 16.

In the eccentric structure of FIG. 3, the extension 55 is extended from the flywheel 49.
The rotational force is introduced to drive the support shaft 11 and the gear 5, and thereby the gear 6 is also driven. By selectively connecting the clutch 7 and the clutch 8 in this state, the rotational force in the reverse direction or the forward direction is transmitted to the output shaft 2 as in the case of the concentric structure.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, when the concentric structure shown in FIG. 1 and the different core structure shown in FIG. 3 are compared, except for the intermediate case 22 which is not necessary in the different core structure, Common cases (21, 2
3) can be used to construct the case assembly 20. Therefore, when manufacturing both the concentric structure and the decelerating / reversing structure of the different core structure, the case parts can be shared and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 is a schematic vertical vertical cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a concentric structure, FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway front schematic view of an embodiment of a concentric structure, and FIG. is there. 1 ... Input axis,
2 ... Output shaft, 3 ... Forward clutch unit, 4 ... Reverse clutch unit, 5 ... Input part, 20 ... Case assembly, 21 ... Rear case, 22 ... Middle case, 23 ... Front Part case, 27, 28 …… Bearing boss, 30 …… Rear case front end surface, 35, 36 …… Bearing boss, 42 …… Middle case front end surface, 45 …… First bearing boss, 46 …… 2 bearing boss

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An output shaft (2) and a support shaft (11) for a forward clutch unit which is arranged directly above the output shaft (2).
And a support shaft (12) for a reverse clutch unit arranged diagonally above the output shaft (2), and each support shaft (11, 12) is intermittently connected via a clutch (7, 8). Output pinion (9,10) is fitted together with clutch pin (5,6) fixed.
Is always meshed with the output gear (16) of the output shaft (2), the clutch gears (5, 6) are meshed with each other, and the input shaft (1) is arranged substantially coaxially with the output shaft (2). A concentric structure that connects the support shaft (11) for the forward clutch unit and the input shaft 1 via gears (14, 15) and a front end extension (55) of the support shaft (11) of the forward clutch unit (3).
In the deceleration / reverse gear that can be changed to an eccentric structure in which the input shaft is directly used as the input shaft, the rear case (21) of the case assembly includes a bearing boss (25) that supports the rear part of the output shaft (2), and a forward clutch unit. Bearing boss (28) for supporting the rear part of the support shaft (11) for rear and support shaft (12) for the reverse clutch unit
Has a bearing boss that supports the rear part of the middle case (22)
Is a bearing boss (35) that supports the rear end surface that can be attached to the front end surface of the rear case (21) and the front end portion of the output shaft (2).
And a bearing boss (36) that penetrates and supports the front part of the forward clutch unit support shaft (11) and a bearing boss that supports the front part of the reverse clutch unit support shaft (12). (23) is the middle case (2
The rear end face that can be attached to the front end face of the rear case (23) in the inverted posture in which the front end face of 2) is inverted by 180 °, the first, second,
Intermediate bearing case (22) with third bearing bosses (45, 46)
In the concentric structure in which the front and rear cases (23, 21) are fastened via the, the input shaft 1 is supported by the first bearing boss (45) of the front case (23) in a normal posture, and the second bearing boss is also supported. (46) Support shaft for forward clutch unit (11)
In the eccentric structure in which the front end of the front case is supported and the front and rear cases (23, 21) are directly fastened, the support shaft (11) for the predecessor clutch unit is provided by the first bearing boss (45) of the front case (23) in the inverted posture. ), The second bearing boss (46) supports the front part of the output shaft (2), and the third bearing boss supports the front part of the reverse clutch unit support shaft (12). The structure of the deceleration and reversing machine case.