JPH06100391B2 - Refrigeration equipment - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a refrigerating apparatus using a mixed refrigerant.

2. Description of the Related Art A refrigeration system using a mixed refrigerant can perform capacity control and performance improvement by varying the composition ratio of the refrigerant circulating inside the cycle.

Conventionally, a rectification separation method utilizing a difference in boiling point has been used as a method for varying the composition of a refrigerant circulating in a cycle of a refrigeration system using a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant (for example, JP-A-62- 280557 publication).

An example of the refrigerating apparatus using the rectification separation system will be described below with reference to FIG.

FIG. 9 is a refrigeration cycle diagram showing a conventional example.

In FIG. 9, 1 is a compressor, 2 is a four-way valve, 3 is an outdoor heat exchanger, 4 is a main circuit decompressor, and 5 is an indoor heat exchanger, which are annularly connected to form a main circuit. The heater 7 is provided both in the middle of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the decompressor 4 and at the bottom of the rectification column 6.
Through the check valve 8 and connected via a check valve 8 and a first pressure reducer 9 is provided in parallel with the heater 7 and the check valve 8;
And the bottom of the rectification tower 6 and the bottom of the refrigerant reservoir 10 are connected via an electromagnetic on-off valve 11, and also between the indoor heat exchanger 5 and the decompressor 4 of the main circuit and the rectification tower 6. The bottom part is connected to the bottom part through the heater 7 via the check valve 12, and the decompressor 13 is provided in parallel with the heater 7 and the check valve 12, and the top part of the rectification column 6 and the top part of the refrigerant reservoir 10 are provided. Through the cooler 14 to connect the top of the rectification column 6 and the bottom of the refrigerant reservoir 10. As the refrigerant in this conventional example, a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant composed of two kinds of refrigerants having different boiling points is used.

The operation of the refrigerating apparatus configured as described above will be described below.

During the heating operation, the compressor operating frequency detected by the frequency detecting means is compared with the set frequency, and when the frequency is higher than the set frequency, the refrigerant flows as shown by the solid line arrow in FIG. 1, and the solenoid on-off valve 11 is open at this time. Therefore, the composition of the refrigerant in the refrigerant reservoir 10 is the same as that of the main circuit, and high capacity is obtained in a state where the high boiling point component and the low boiling point component are mixed.

On the other hand, when the compressor operating frequency detected by the frequency detecting means decreases and becomes lower than the set frequency, the electromagnetic on-off valve 11 closes and the refrigerant flows as shown by the dotted arrow. A part of the supercooled refrigerant that has exited the indoor heat exchanger 5 enters the heater 7 and is heated by the discharge gas to generate a gas component, which then enters the rectification column 6. The gas component of the refrigerant that entered the rectification tower 6 rises in the tower and enters the cooler 14, where it is cooled and liquefied by the suction gas and guided to the refrigerant reservoir 10, a part of which is the top of the rectification tower. It makes a gas-liquid contact with the gas components that are refluxed in the column and rising in the tower for mass transfer and heat exchange. By repeating this cycle, the refrigerant in the refrigerant reservoir 10 has a large amount of low-boiling components, and the composition of the refrigerant flowing through the main circuit is in a state of having a large amount of high-boiling components, so that low capacity is obtained.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, the above-mentioned configuration has the following problems.

First, in the conventional example, the case where the low boiling point component ratio of the main circuit is reduced by storing the low boiling point refrigerant has been described. In order to store the boiling point refrigerant as well and vary the composition ratio of the refrigerant in the main circuit over a wide range, a reservoir and a heater are required under the separator, which complicates the configuration.

Secondly, in the rectification separation, the rectification tower must be vertical, and the height of the reservoir and the rectification tower is limited due to installation.
Since it utilizes the difference in boiling points, it has problems peculiar to rectification separation, such as azeotropic mixed refrigerants having similar boiling points cannot be used.

Thirdly, in this conventional example, since the set frequency is one regardless of the increase and decrease of the operating frequency of the compressor, when the operation of the compressor becomes stable in the vicinity of the set frequency, two operating modes are repeatedly performed, Operation is not stable because the electromagnetic switch frequently opens and closes.

In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a refrigerating apparatus that is provided with a refrigerant mixing ratio varying device and a frequency varying device, and can accurately detect a load by a compressor operating frequency and can perform efficient and stable capacity control in cooling and heating operations. It is a thing.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, according to the present invention, a plurality of types of refrigerants are enclosed in a main circuit in which a compressor, a condenser, a main expansion device, and an evaporator each having a variable frequency device are annularly connected. In the refrigerating cycle, a refrigerant separation device having a functional film that facilitates passage of a specific type of refrigerant is connected, and one of the refrigerants exiting the refrigerant separation device on the permeation side and the non-permeation side of the functional film is switched. A reservoir capable of arbitrarily storing by switching the means and an electromagnetic on-off valve are provided, and a refrigerant composition ratio variable cycle is configured by connecting to the main circuit through a pressure reducing device on each of the permeate side and the non-permeate side to configure the frequency of the compressor. Frequency detecting means for detecting, first comparing means for comparing the detected frequency by the frequency detecting means with the first set frequency, and the detected frequency by the frequency detecting means and the first setting The second comparison means for comparing the magnitude of the second set frequency lower than the frequency with the second set frequency and the first comparison means for connecting the switching means to the reservoir when the transmission side is larger than the first set frequency. To the first output mode in which the electromagnetic on-off valve is closed, and when the frequency is smaller than the first set frequency by the first comparing means, the second setting frequency is set by the second comparing means. If it is larger, a second output mode for opening the solenoid on-off valve, and a first output mode by the first comparison means are used.
If the frequency is smaller than the set frequency of, and is smaller than the second set frequency by the second comparing means, the switching means is
The non-permeate side was switched so as to be connected to the reservoir, and a transition means for closing the electromagnetic on-off valve and transitioning to the third output mode and an output means for outputting an electric signal to the electromagnetic on-off valve in the output mode were provided. It is a thing.

Further, according to the present invention, when the detection frequency by the frequency detecting means increases or decreases, two setting frequencies are provided, each of the first and second setting frequencies having an arbitrary frequency width.

Effect The present invention, by the above configuration, can separate refrigerant not only for non-azeotropic mixed refrigerants but also for azeotropic mixed refrigerants, accurately grasp the load for both heating and cooling, and separate high-boiling point refrigerant components or low-boiling point refrigerant components according to the required load. However, by varying the refrigerant mixture ratio, it is possible to achieve a wide range of efficient and stable capacity control operations, eliminate the restrictions on the installation and installation of the components of the separation circuit, and reduce the size and simplification of the separation circuit. it can.

Example An example of a refrigeration cycle using the functional film will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment in which a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant of R-22 and R-13B1 is used as a refrigerant, and FIG. 2 shows a refrigerant separator using a functional film (hereinafter referred to as a separator). An example is shown.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 21 is a compressor, 22 is a condenser, 23 is a main expansion device, and 24 is an evaporator, which are sequentially connected in an annular shape to form a main circuit. On the other hand, in the separator 101 in FIG. 2, the separator main body 102 is divided into a high pressure side space a and a low pressure side space b by a mesh-shaped holder 104, and a functional film 103 using a thin film of dimethyl silicon on the high pressure side of the holder 104. Set up. The separator body 102 is also provided with a high pressure refrigerant inlet pipe 105, an outlet pipe 106, and a permeated refrigerant outlet pipe 107. Inlet piping 10 of the separator 101 having the above configuration
5 is connected to the high pressure side before the main expansion device 23, and the outlet pipe 1
06 and the permeated refrigerant outlet pipe 107 are connected to the four-way valve 25. Further, the four-way valve 25 is connected to the low pressure side after the main throttle device 23 via the connection pipe 108, the reservoir 26, the pressure reducing device 27, and the electromagnetic opening / closing valve 28, and the other side is connected via the connection pipe 109 and the pressure reducing device 29. Is connected to the low-pressure side after the main expansion device 23, and communication between the outlet pipe 106 and the permeated refrigerant outlet pipe 107 can be switched by energizing a four-way valve coil (not shown). Here, the connection pipe 108 is connected to the cooler 30 in a heat exchange manner.

The relationship between the block circuit shown in FIG. 3 and the control circuit shown in FIG. 4 will now be described. The frequency detecting device 32 shown in FIG. 4 corresponds to the frequency detecting means shown in FIG. 3 and is shown in FIG. The resistance circuit 33 for outputting the first set frequency Hz1 corresponds to the first frequency set value shown in FIG. 3, and the resistance circuit 34 for outputting the second set frequency Hz2 shown in FIG. 4 is shown in FIG. This corresponds to the second frequency setting value shown. The matacro computer 35 shown in FIG. 4 compares the electric signal of the first frequency set value shown in FIG. 3 with the electric signal output from the frequency detecting means to output a control signal, and outputs the control signal. It corresponds to the second comparing means and the shifting means for comparing and judging the electric signal of the second frequency set value and the electric signal output from the frequency detecting means in FIG. 3, and outputs the control signal, and the output in FIG. circuit
36 corresponds to the output means in FIG.

Regarding the operation of the control circuit configured as described above,
It will be described with reference to FIGS.

During heating operation, the compressor frequency is detected by the frequency detection device 32 and compared with the first set frequency, and when it is higher than the set frequency, the four-way valve 25 is switched to connect the permeate side of the separator 101 to the reservoir 26. Then, by closing the solenoid on-off valve 28, the functional film
R-22, which easily passes through 103, is cooled by the cooler 30 and stored in the reservoir 26 as a liquid refrigerant. On the other hand, for R-13B1 which is difficult to permeate through the functional membrane 103, exit the outlet pipe 106 and put out the four-way valve 25, connecting pipe.
109, and is returned to the inlet of the evaporator 24 via the pressure reducing device 29. Therefore, the R-22 ratio of the main circuit is decreased and the R-13B1 ratio is increased to obtain the highest performance.

On the other hand, when the detected frequency is lower than the first set frequency and higher than the second set frequency, the four-way valve 25 is returned to the non-energized state (state in FIG. 1), and the electromagnetic on-off valve 28 is opened to separate the four-way valve 25. Although the refrigerant flows through both the permeate side and the non-permeate side of the container 101 and the refrigerant having a high R-13B1 ratio flows in the reservoir 26, the refrigerant is not stored in the reservoir 26, so that the refrigerant in the main circuit becomes equal to the initial filling ratio.

Next, when the frequency inside the compressor is lowered to be lower than the first set frequency and lower than the second set frequency which is lower than the first set frequency at the set frequency, the set frequency is lower than the set frequency. The four-way valve 25 remains the above-mentioned state,
By closing 28, R-13B1 which is difficult to permeate the functional film is cooled by the cooler 30 and stored in the reservoir 26 as a liquid refrigerant. On the other hand, R-22, which easily permeates the functional film 103, has an outlet pipe 107.
And is returned to the inlet of the evaporator 24 via the four-way valve 25, the connecting pipe 109, and the pressure reducing device 29. Therefore, the R-13B1 ratio of the main circuit decreases, the R-22 ratio increases, both the capacity and the power consumption decrease, and efficient capacity control is possible. The same is true during the cooling operation.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, by providing the frequency detection device 32, by comparing the compressor operating frequency and the set frequency, the ratio of the mixed refrigerant is changed, and the load is the highest and the capacity is high as at the start of the operation. In the case where is required, the refrigerant of the high boiling point component is separated and stored, and the refrigerant of the main circuit is in a state of having many low boiling point components, so that the highest capacity can be obtained, and when the load is high except when the operation is started, The refrigerant in the main circuit can obtain high capacity in the state of the initial filling ratio, and if the load is small and the capacity is low, the low boiling point component is separated and stored, and the refrigerant in the main circuit becomes high in the high boiling point component. Therefore, it is possible to obtain low power consumption and low power consumption, to easily perform efficient power control, and to realize a miniaturized and simplified separation circuit that does not impose restrictions on the mounting of components of the separation circuit.

Next, referring to FIGS. 6 and 7, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

Here, the same components as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.

The frequency detecting device 32 shown in FIG. 7 corresponds to the frequency detecting means shown in FIG. 6, and the resistance circuit 33 for outputting the first set frequency Hz1 shown in FIG. 7 has the first frequency setting shown in FIG. The resistor circuit 34 corresponding to the value and outputting the second set frequency Hz2 shown in FIG. 7 corresponds to the second frequency set value shown in FIG. The microcomputer 35 shown in FIG. 8 determines the increase or decrease of the compressor operating frequency based on the electric signal output from the frequency detecting means shown in FIG. 7, and outputs a control signal. Second comparing means for comparing and judging the electric signal of the frequency setting value and the electric signal output from the frequency detecting means to output a control signal, from the second electric signal of the frequency setting value and the frequency detecting means of FIG. The output circuit 36 of FIG. 7 corresponds to the output means of FIG. 6, and corresponds to the third comparing means and the shifting means for comparing and judging the output electric signal and outputting the control signal. In FIG. 7, input ports 331 and 341 and output ports 332 and 342 are provided and connected to the microcomputer 35 side, respectively.

In the above configuration, for example, when the compressor operating frequency during heating operation is decreasing, if the output port 332 that connects the resistance circuit 33 that outputs the first set frequency Hz1 and the microcomputer 35 is opened, the input port 331 When the electric potential decreases and the compressor operating frequency increases on the contrary, if the output port 332 that connects the resistance circuit 33 that outputs the first set frequency Hz1 and the microcomputer 35 is opened, the input port 3
By increasing the potential of 31, the first set frequency Hz1 can be provided with an arbitrary width such that it is increased when the compressor operating frequency is increased and lowered when the compressor operating frequency is decreased. This also applies to the second set frequency Hz2. As described above, the first and second set frequencies are determined by increasing and decreasing the compressor operating frequency.

Therefore, by providing an arbitrary width for the first and second set frequencies, the electromagnetic switch can open and close frequently even when the operation of the compressor is stable near the set frequency and even when there is a slight load change. Stable capacity control operation without
Further, the frequency of the pressure difference applied to the functional film can be reduced, which is also effective in terms of protecting the functional film.

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION As described above, the present invention is a refrigeration cycle in which a plurality of types of refrigerants are sealed in a main circuit in which a compressor, a condenser, a main expansion device, and an evaporator that are equipped with a frequency variable device are annularly connected,
A refrigerant separation device having a functional film that facilitates passage of a specific type of refrigerant is connected, and one of the refrigerants exiting the refrigerant separation device on the permeation side or the non-permeation side of the functional film is switched by switching the switching means. Is provided with a reservoir and an electromagnetic on-off valve that are connected to the main circuit via a pressure reducing device on each of the permeate side and the non-permeate side to form a refrigerant composition ratio variable cycle,
A frequency detecting means for detecting a compressor operating frequency, a first comparing means for comparing the detected frequency by the frequency detecting means and a first set frequency with each other, and a detected frequency and the set frequency by the frequency detecting means. Second comparison means for comparing the magnitude of the second set frequency lower than that of the first set frequency with the first set frequency, and the switching when the first set frequency is greater than the first set frequency. The means is switched so that the permeate side is connected to the reservoir, and the electromagnetic on-off valve is closed in a first output mode, and the second comparator is used when the first comparison frequency is smaller than the first set frequency. The comparison means sets the second output mode in which the electromagnetic on-off valve is opened when the second set time is longer than the second set time, and the first comparison means sets the second comparison means when the set frequency is smaller than the first set frequency. By the second setting For less than the frequency, switching the switching means to the non-permeate side is connected to the reservoir,
Further, by providing a transition means for transitioning to the third output mode for closing the electromagnetic on-off valve and an output means for outputting an electric signal to the electromagnetic on-off valve in the output mode, it is possible to accurately grasp the load for both cooling and heating operations, and to By separating or mixing high boiling point components or separating low boiling point components according to the load and varying the mixing ratio of the refrigerant flowing in the main circuit, a wide range of efficient capacity control operation can be easily performed and the components of the separation circuit can be installed. The effect is that it can be realized by a separation circuit that is compact and simple without the above restrictions.

Further, when the frequency detected by the frequency detecting means increases or decreases, by providing two set frequencies each having an arbitrary width in the first and second set frequencies, the operation of the compressor is stabilized near the set frequency. In this case, the electromagnetic switch does not frequently perform the opening / closing operation even in the case of a slight load change, and the capacity control operation can be stably performed.
Further, the frequency of the pressure difference applied to the functional film can be reduced, which is also effective in terms of protecting the functional film.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a refrigeration cycle diagram in the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 4 is a detailed sectional view of the separator, FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment, FIG. 4 is a control circuit diagram thereof, FIG. 5 is a flow chart diagram thereof, and FIG. 6 is a second embodiment. FIG. 7, a control circuit diagram of FIG. 7, a flowchart diagram of FIG. 8, and a refrigeration cycle diagram of a conventional example. 21 ... Compressor, 22 ... Condenser, 23 ... Main throttle device, 24 ...
… Evaporator, 26 …… Reservoir, 101 …… Separator, 103 …… Functional membrane, 28 …… Electromagnetic on-off valve, 27,29 …… Decompression device, 32 …… Frequency detecting means, 33 …… First Set frequency, 34 …… Second set frequency, 35 …… Microcomputer.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Koji Murozono 1006, Kadoma, Kadoma City, Osaka Prefecture Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-63-238367 (JP, A)

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A refrigeration cycle in which a plurality of types of refrigerants are enclosed in a main circuit in which a compressor, a condenser, a main expansion device, and an evaporator, which are equipped with a frequency variable device, are annularly connected, to prevent passage of a specific type of refrigerant. A reservoir and an electromagnetic switch that connects a refrigerant separation device having a functional film that facilitates storage and can arbitrarily store either one of the refrigerants exiting the refrigerant separation device on the permeate side and the non-permeable side of the functional film by switching the switching means. A frequency detecting means for detecting the frequency of the compressor, which is provided with a valve, is connected to the main circuit through a pressure reducing device on each of the permeate side and the non-permeate side to form a refrigerant composition ratio variable cycle, and is detected by the frequency detecting means. The first comparing means for comparing the magnitude of the frequency and the first set frequency with each other and the magnitude of the detected frequency by the frequency detecting means and the second set frequency lower than the first set frequency are compared with each other. Second comparison means for the first
When the frequency is higher than the first set frequency by the comparison means, the switching means is switched so that the permeate side is connected to the reservoir, and the electromagnetic on-off valve is closed in the first output mode, and the first comparison When the frequency is lower than the first set frequency by the means and is higher than the second set frequency by the second comparing means, a second output mode in which the electromagnetic on-off valve is opened and a first comparing means is used. When the frequency is smaller than the set frequency of 1 and is smaller than the second set frequency by the second comparison means, the switching means is switched so that the non-permeable side is connected to the reservoir, and the electromagnetic opening / closing valve is turned on. A refrigeration apparatus comprising: a transition means that closes and transitions to a third output mode; and an output means that outputs an electric signal to an electromagnetic on-off valve in the output mode. 2. When the frequency detected by the frequency detecting means increases or decreases, each of the first and second set frequencies comprises two set frequencies each having an arbitrary width. Refrigerating apparatus according to the item.