JPH06100390B2 - Refrigeration equipment - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a refrigerating apparatus using a mixed refrigerant.

2. Description of the Related Art A refrigeration system using a mixed refrigerant can perform capacity control and performance improvement by varying the composition ratio of the refrigerant circulating inside the cycle.

Conventionally, a rectification separation method utilizing a difference in boiling point has been used as a method for varying the composition of a refrigerant circulating in a cycle of a refrigeration system using a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant (for example, JP-A-62- 280556 publication).

An example of the refrigerating apparatus using the rectification separation system will be described below with reference to FIG.

FIG. 6 is a refrigeration cycle diagram showing a conventional example.

In FIG. 6, 1 is a compressor, 2 is a four-way valve, 3 is an outdoor heat exchanger, 4 is a main circuit decompressor, and 5 is an indoor heat exchanger, which are annularly connected to form a main circuit. The heater 7 is provided both in the middle of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the decompressor 4 and at the bottom of the rectification column 6.
Through the check valve 8 and connected via a check valve 8 and a first pressure reducer 9 is provided in parallel with the heater 7 and the check valve 8;
And the bottom of the rectification tower 6 and the bottom of the freezing reservoir 10 are connected via an electromagnetic on-off valve 11, and also between the indoor heat exchanger 5 and the decompressor 4 of the main circuit and the rectification tower 6. The bottom part is connected to the bottom part through the heater 7 via the check valve 12, and the decompressor 13 is provided in parallel with the heater 7 and the check valve 12, and the top part of the rectification column 6 and the top part of the refrigerant reservoir 10 are provided. Through the cooler 14 to connect the top of the rectification column 6 and the bottom of the refrigerant reservoir 10. As the refrigerant in this conventional example, a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant composed of two kinds of refrigerants having different boiling points is used.

The operation of the refrigerating apparatus configured as described above will be described below.

During the heating operation, the indoor temperature detected by the indoor temperature sensor is compared with the set temperature, and when the temperature is lower than the set temperature, the refrigerant flows as shown by the solid arrow in FIG. 1, and the solenoid on-off valve 11 is open at this time. The composition of the refrigerant in the refrigerant reservoir 10 is the same as that of the main circuit, and high capacity is obtained in the state where the high boiling point component and the low boiling point component are mixed.

On the other hand, when the room temperature rises and becomes higher than the set temperature, the electromagnetic on-off valve 11 closes and the refrigerant flows as shown by the dotted arrow.
A part of the supercooled refrigerant that has exited the indoor heat exchanger 5 enters the heater 7 and is heated by the discharge gas to generate a gas component and enter the rectification column 6. The gas component of the refrigerant that has entered the rectification tower 6 rises in the tower and enters the cooler 14, where it is liquefied and cooled by the suction gas and guided to the refrigerant reservoir 10, and part of it is placed on top of the rectification tower. It makes gas-liquid contact with the gas components that are being refluxed and rising in the tower to perform mass transfer and heat exchange. By repeating this cycle, the refrigerant in the refrigerant reservoir 10 has a large amount of low-boiling point components, and the composition of the refrigerant flowing through the main circuit has a low capacity due to the large amount of high-boiling point components.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, the above-mentioned configuration has the following problems.

First, in the conventional example, the case where the low boiling point component ratio of the main circuit is reduced by storing the low boiling point refrigerant has been described. In order to store the boiling point refrigerant as well and vary the composition ratio of the refrigerant in the main circuit over a wide range, a reservoir and a heater are required under the separator, which complicates the configuration.

Secondly, in the rectification separation, the rectification tower must be vertical, and the height of the reservoir and the rectification tower is limited due to installation.
Since it utilizes the difference in boiling points, it has a problem peculiar to rectification separation such that it cannot be used for refrigerants having a close boiling point such as an azeotropic mixed refrigerant.

In view of the above problems, the present invention is provided with a refrigerant mixing ratio variable device and an indoor temperature sensor, accurately detects a load by a difference between an indoor temperature and an indoor set temperature, and is a refrigeration device capable of efficient capacity control in cooling and heating operations. Is provided.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a compressor, a condenser,
In a refrigeration cycle in which a plurality of types of refrigerant are enclosed in a main circuit in which a main expansion device and an evaporator are annularly connected, a refrigerant separation device having a functional film that facilitates passage of a specific type of refrigerant is connected, and A reservoir and an electromagnetic on-off valve are provided to store either one of the refrigerant discharged from the permeate-side and non-permeate-side refrigerant separators by switching the switching means. A temperature detection means for detecting a room temperature, which is connected to a circuit to form a variable refrigerant composition ratio cycle, and a first set temperature obtained by adding a certain value to a temperature detected by the temperature detection means and a room set temperature; The first comparing means for comparing small and the second setting temperature obtained by adding a certain value lower than the temperature set by the temperature detecting means and the indoor setting temperature to the second setting temperature are compared. Second comparison to And the first comparing means is less than the first set temperature and the second comparing means is less than the second set temperature, the switching means is connected to the reservoir on the permeate side. To the first output mode in which the electromagnetic on-off valve is closed and when the temperature is lower than the first preset temperature by the first comparing means, the second output mode is selected.
When the temperature is higher than the second set temperature by the comparison means, the second output mode in which the electromagnetic on-off valve is opened is opened, and when the temperature is higher than the first set temperature by the first comparison means, the switching means is not transmitted. And a switching means for switching the side to be connected to the reservoir and closing the electromagnetic on-off valve to shift to the third output mode, and an output means for outputting an electric signal to the electromagnetic on-off valve in the output mode. is there.

Effect The present invention, by the above configuration, can separate refrigerant not only for non-azeotropic mixed refrigerants but also for azeotropic mixed refrigerants, accurately grasp the load for both cooling and heating, and separate high-boiling point refrigerant components or low-boiling point refrigerant components according to the required load. However, by varying the refrigerant mixture ratio, a wide range of efficient capacity control operation is possible, and restrictions on the installation and installation of the components of the separation circuit are eliminated.
It is possible to reduce the size and simplification of the separation circuit.

Example An example of a refrigeration cycle using the functional film will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment in which a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant of R-22 and R-13B1 is used as a refrigerant, and FIG. 2 shows a refrigerant separator using a functional film (hereinafter referred to as a separator). An example is shown.

In FIG. 1, 21 is a compressor, 22 is a condenser, 23 is a main expansion device, and 24 is an evaporator, which are sequentially connected in an annular shape to form a main circuit. On the other hand, in the separator 101 in FIG. 2, the separator main body 102 is divided into a high-pressure side space a and a low-pressure side space b by a mesh-shaped holder 104, and a functional film 103 using a thin film of dimethyl silicon on the high-pressure side of the holder 104. Set up. Further, the separator main body 102 is provided with a high pressure refrigerant inlet pipe 105, an outlet pipe 106, and a permeated refrigerant outlet pipe 107. Separator 101 having the above configuration
Is connected to the high pressure side before the main expansion device 23, and the outlet pipe 106 and the permeated refrigerant outlet pipe 107 are connected to the four-way valve 25.
Connected to. From the four-way valve 25, connect pipe 10
8. Connected to the low pressure side after the main expansion device 23 via the reservoir 26, the pressure reducing device 27, and the electromagnetic opening / closing valve 28, and the other one is a connection pipe.
109, connected to the low-pressure side after the main expansion device 23 via a pressure reducing device 29, and switching communication between the outlet pipe 106 and the permeated refrigerant outlet pipe 107 by energizing a four-way valve coil (not shown). You can Here, the connection pipe 108 is connected to the cooler 30 in a heat exchange manner.

The relationship between the block circuit shown in FIG. 3 and the control circuit shown in FIG. 4 will now be described. The indoor temperature sensor 32 shown in FIG. 3 corresponds to the indoor temperature detecting means shown in FIG. The resistance circuit 33 for outputting the first set temperature T1 shown corresponds to the first temperature set value shown in FIG. 2, and the resistance circuit 34 for outputting the second set temperature T2 shown in FIG. 3 is shown in FIG. Corresponds to the second temperature set value shown in. The microcomputer 35 shown in FIG. 3 compares the electric signal of the first temperature set value shown in FIG. 2 with the electric signal output from the temperature detecting means to output a control signal, and outputs a control signal. Second comparison means for comparing and judging the electric signal of the second temperature setting value of FIG. 2 and the electric signal output from the temperature detecting means to output a control signal,
The output circuit 36 of FIG. 3 corresponds to the output means of FIG.

Regarding the operation of the control circuit configured as described above,
It will be described with reference to FIGS.

The indoor temperature during heating operation is detected by the indoor temperature sensor 32, and it is compared with the first set temperature obtained by adding a certain value to the indoor set temperature, and the temperature is lower than the set temperature, and the room set temperature is lower than the first set temperature. If the temperature is lower than the preset temperature by adding a certain value, the four-way valve 25 is switched to connect the permeate side of the separator 101 to the reservoir 26 and the electromagnetic opening / closing valve 28.
The R-22 that easily permeates the functional film 103 by closing is cooled by the cooler 30 and stored in the reservoir 26 as a liquid refrigerant. On the other hand, R-13B1 which is difficult to permeate the functional film 103 is the outlet pipe 1
After exiting from 06, it is returned to the inlet of the evaporator 24 through the four-way valve 25, the connecting pipe 109, and the pressure reducing device 29. Therefore, the R-22 ratio of the main circuit is decreased and the R-13B1 ratio is increased to obtain the highest performance.

On the other hand, the detected temperature is lower than the first set temperature, and the second
When the temperature is higher than the set temperature of, the four-way valve 25 is returned to the non-energized state and the electromagnetic opening / closing valve 28 is opened (state of FIG. 1), so that the refrigerant flows on both the permeate side and the non-permeate side of the separator 101 and the reservoir. 26
Although a refrigerant having a high R-13B1 ratio flows through the tank, but is not stored, the refrigerant in the main circuit becomes equal to the initial filling ratio.

Next, when the room temperature rises and becomes higher than the first set temperature, the four-way valve 25 remains in the above state and the electromagnetic on-off valve 28 is closed to make it difficult for the R-13B1 to pass through the functional film by the cooler 30. It is cooled and stored in the reservoir 26 as a liquid refrigerant. on the other hand,
R-22, which easily permeates the functional film 103, exits the outlet pipe 107 and is returned to the inlet of the evaporator 24 via the four-way valve 25, the connecting pipe 109, and the pressure reducing device 29. Therefore, the R-13B1 ratio of the main circuit decreases,
The R-22 ratio increases and both the capacity and power consumption are reduced, enabling efficient capacity control. The same is true during the cooling operation.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the indoor temperature sensor 32 is provided, and the ratio of the mixed refrigerant is changed by comparing the indoor temperature with the set temperature, so that the load is the largest and the high capacity is required as at the start of operation. In this case, the refrigerant with a high boiling point component is separated and stored, and the refrigerant in the main circuit is in a state with a large amount of low boiling point components, so that the highest capacity can be obtained, and when the load is high except when starting operation, the main circuit Can obtain high capacity at the initial filling ratio, and when the load is small and low capacity is sufficient, the low boiling point component is separated and stored, and the refrigerant in the main circuit becomes high in the high boiling point component and becomes low. The capacity and low power consumption can be obtained, and efficient capacity control can be achieved easily, and the size and simplification of the separation circuit can be realized without restrictions on the mounting of the components of the separation circuit.

Effects of the Invention As described above, the present invention provides a compressor, a condenser, a main throttle device,
In a refrigeration cycle in which a plurality of types of refrigerant are enclosed in a main circuit in which an evaporator is annularly connected, a refrigerant separation device having a functional film that facilitates passage of a specific type of refrigerant is connected, and a permeation side and a non-operation side of the functional film are connected. A reservoir and an electromagnetic on-off valve are provided to store either one of the refrigerant discharged from the permeate side refrigerant separator by switching the switching means, and the permeate side and the non-permeate side are connected to the main circuit through pressure reducing devices. A refrigerant composition ratio variable cycle is configured to compare the magnitude of the temperature detection means for detecting the room temperature with the first set temperature obtained by adding a certain value to the temperature detected by the temperature detection means and the room set temperature. A second comparing unit that compares the temperature detected by the temperature detecting unit and a second set temperature obtained by adding a certain value lower than the first set temperature to the temperature detected by the temperature detecting unit and the second set temperature. Comparing means and the When the comparison temperature is less than the first set temperature by the first comparison means and is less than the second set time by the second comparison means, the switching means is switched so that the permeate side is connected to the reservoir, and In the first output mode in which the electromagnetic on-off valve is closed, and when the temperature is lower than the first set temperature by the first comparing means and longer than the second set time by the second comparing means, the electromagnetic on-off valve is opened. Open second
Output mode and when the temperature is higher than the first set temperature by the first comparing means, the switching means is switched so that the non-permeate side is connected to the reservoir, and the electromagnetic opening / closing valve is closed. By providing a transition means for transitioning to the output mode and an output means for outputting an electric signal to the electromagnetic on-off valve according to the output mode, the load is accurately grasped in both cooling and heating operations, and the high boiling point component is separated or separated according to the required load. By mixing or separating low boiling point components and varying the mixing ratio of the refrigerant flowing in the main circuit, a wide range of efficient capacity control operation can be performed easily, and miniaturization and simplification without restrictions on the mounting of the components of the separation circuit. There is an effect that it can be realized by the separation circuit which is intended.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a refrigeration cycle diagram in an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a detailed sectional view of the separator, and FIG. 3 is a block diagram thereof.
FIG. 4 is the same control circuit diagram, FIG. 5 is the same flowchart diagram,
FIG. 6 is a refrigeration cycle diagram in a conventional example. 13 ... Main throttling device, 14 ... Evaporator, 18 ... Reservoir, 21 ...
… Compressor, 22 …… Condenser, 28 …… Solenoid on-off valve, 27,29…
… Decompressor, 101 …… Separator, 103 …… Functional membrane.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Akira Fujitaka 1006 Kadoma, Kadoma City, Osaka Prefecture Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. (72) Akira Nakazawa, 1006 Kadoma, Kadoma City, Osaka Prefecture Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. 56) References JP-A-63-238367 (JP, A)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A functional film for facilitating passage of a specific type of refrigerant in a refrigeration cycle in which a plurality of types of refrigerant are enclosed in a main circuit in which a compressor, a condenser, a main expansion device, and an evaporator are connected in an annular shape. A refrigerant separator having a reservoir and an electromagnetic on-off valve provided with a reservoir capable of arbitrarily storing either one of the refrigerants exiting the refrigerant separator on the permeate side and the non-permeate side of the functional membrane by switching the permeate side, The refrigerant composition ratio variable cycle is connected to the main circuit through a pressure reducing device on each of the non-permeate sides, and temperature detection means for detecting the room temperature, and the values detected by the temperature detection means and the indoor set temperature are A first comparing means for comparing the magnitude of the added first set temperature with a small value, and a value obtained by adding a certain value lower than that at the first set temperature to the temperature detected by the temperature detecting means and the room set temperature. 2 set temperature and Second comparing means for comparing large and small and the switching means when the first comparing means is less than the first set temperature and the second comparing means is less than the second set temperature To the first output mode in which the permeate side is connected to the reservoir and the electromagnetic on-off valve is closed, and the second comparison is performed when the temperature is lower than the first set temperature by the first comparing means. When the temperature is higher than the second set temperature by the means, the switching means is stored in the second output mode in which the electromagnetic on-off valve is opened. When the temperature is higher than the first set temperature by the first comparing means, the switching means is stored on the non-permeable side. A refrigerating apparatus comprising: a switching unit that switches to connect to an electronic device and closes the electromagnetic on-off valve to transition to a third output mode; and an output unit that outputs an electric signal to the electromagnetic on-off valve in the output mode.