JPH0612309B2 - Gear meshing unit preload measuring device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a gear meshing unit preload measuring device.

(Prior Art) A shaft that is rotatably held by a support member is often given a predetermined preload (preload) in order to prevent rattling and the like. This preload is required to be set within a predetermined range, and therefore, Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-49.
As shown in Japanese Patent No. 611, by rotating a shaft freely rotatable on a support member and measuring a torque at this time, that is, a rotation resistance corresponding to a preload, it is determined whether or not the preload is within a predetermined range. Trying to get to know.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) By the way, there are at least two shafts to which this preload is applied in the support member, and these shafts are linked with each other by gears. There are gear meshing units such as manual transmissions.
In such a gear meshing unit, since the shafts are interlocked by the gears, rotating one shaft causes the other shafts to also rotate via the gears.
Therefore, it was not possible to measure the torque, that is, the preload, for each axis. That is, when the torque of a certain axis is measured, the resistance (preload) of the other axis that works together with the measured axis is measured as noise.

Of course, there is no problem as long as the gear interlocking mechanism that interlocks the shafts has, for example, a clutch and can disconnect the interlocking relationship between the shafts, but this interlocking relationship may not be disconnected. In many cases, some measure is desired in this respect.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a gear meshing unit that rotatably supports at least two shafts, which are always interlocked with each other by a gear, on a support member so that the preload of each shaft can be measured. An object of the present invention is to provide a preload measuring device for a meshing unit.

(Means and Actions for Solving Problems) In the present invention, the gears that are in mesh with each other can be brought into non-contact with each other within the range of the backlash, and the non-contact state is maintained. If you rotate each axis,
This is based on the principle that the torque, that is, the preload can be measured for each axis without being affected by the preload (rotational resistance) of other axes. Specifically, in a gear meshing unit that rotatably supports at least two shafts that are always interlocked by gears on a support member, the gears that are in mesh are brought into non-contact state within the range of their backlash. Meanwhile, a rotation driving unit that rotates each of the shafts, and a torque detection unit that independently detects the torque of each shaft that is rotationally driven by the rotation driving unit are provided.

Embodiments Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a manual transmission for an automobile as a gear meshing unit. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a housing as a bearing member formed by connecting a plurality of housing constituent bodies 1A, 1B, 1C, etc.
The three shafts 2, 3, 4, that is, the input shaft 2, the output shaft 3, and the counter shaft 4 are rotatably supported.

The input shaft 2 and the output shaft 3 are arranged in series on the same axis line, and the counter shaft 4 is arranged in parallel with the input / output shafts 2 and 3. A rear end portion (right end portion in FIG. 1) of the input shaft 2 is rotatably supported by the housing 1 via a tapered bearing 5, and a front end portion thereof is connected to an engine output shaft via a clutch (not shown). Be connected. Further, the output shaft 3 arranged behind the input shaft 2 is
Its front end is rotatably coupled to the rear end of the input shaft 2 via a taper bearing 6, and its rear end is rotatably supported by the housing 1 via a taper bearing 7. Further, the counter shaft 4 has its front and rear ends rotatably supported by the housing 1 by means of tapered bearings 8 or 9. Then, each axis 2, 3, 4 is given a predetermined preload in the axial direction, as indicated by the arrow F ₁ , F ₂ or F ₃ in the figure. The preloading is performed by assembling the shim to the bearing seat of the housing 1B, but it also changes depending on the degree of tightening of the housing 1B or 1C to be the housing 1A.

A drive gear 11 is integrally formed on the rear end of the input shaft 2, while the drive gear 11 is formed on the counter shaft 4.
The driven gear 12 that is constantly meshed with the is integrally formed. In addition, the counter shaft 4 has a first tooth having a different number of teeth.
-Third three drive gears 13, 14, and 15 are integrally molded, while the output shaft 3 is provided with three driven gears 16, 17, and 18 having different numbers of teeth from each other. It is held rotatably with respect to 3. This first
The driven gear 16 always meshes with the first drive gear 13 to form a first speed stage, and the second driven gear 17 has a second speed.
The drive gear 14 is constantly meshed to form a second shift speed, and the third driven gear 18 is constantly meshed to the third drive gear 15 to form a third shift speed.

The output shaft 3 is further provided with two first and second synchronous meshing devices (shift stage selecting means) 19, 20. As is known, the respective synchromesh devices 19 and 20 are provided on the clutch hubs 19a and 20a that rotate integrally with the output shaft 3 and on the outer circumferences of the clutch hubs 19a and 20a so as to be slidable and rotate integrally. Clutch sleeves 19b, 20
b. These clutch sleeves 19b and 20b
Is slidably displaced by the operation of a shift lever (not shown). By displacing the clutch sleeve 19b to the left side in FIG. 1, the input shaft 2 and the output shaft 3 are moved through the first synchromesh 19. And are directly connected. Further, when the clutch sleeve 19b is displaced to the right side in FIG. 1, the first driven gear 16 is integrally rotated with the output shaft 3 via the first meshing device 19, and the first gear stage is selected. Similarly, the second
In accordance with the lateral movement of the clutch sleeve 20b of the synchromesh 20, the selection of the second shift speed (the second driven gear 17 rotates integrally with the output shaft 3) and the selection of the third shift speed (the third driven gear 18 outputs The shaft 3 is rotated integrally with the shaft 3. When both the clutch sleeves 19b and 20b are in the left and right neutral positions, they are in neutral.

As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of joints 21 are used for the input shaft 2 in series with each other, and a torque meter 22,
The rotary encoder 23 and the motor 24 are connected. Similarly, for the output shaft 3, the torque meter 26, the rotary encoder 27, and the motor 28 are connected in series by using the joint 25, and for the counter shaft 4, the joint 2 is used.
Torque meter 30, rotary encoder 31,
The motors 32 are connected in series with each other.

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 41 denotes a control means composed of a personal computer, and a torque for processing the detection values of the drive unit 43 for driving the motors 24, 28, 32 and the torque meters 22, 26, 30 in addition to the control unit 42. The processing unit 44 and the angle processing unit 45 that processes the detection values of the rotary encoders 23, 27, 31.
And a CRT 46 for displaying whether or not the preload of each axis 2, 3, 4 is within the allowable range.

Next, the operation of the above configuration will be described step by step. In the manual transmission, which is a gear meshing unit in the embodiment, the input shaft 2 and the counter shaft 4 are constantly interlocked with each other via the drive gear 11 and the driven gear 12, while the driven gears 16 and 17, which form the shift speed, Since 18 can be arbitrarily rotated relative to the output shaft 3, the input shaft 2 and the counter shaft 4 are substantially the plurality of shafts to be subjected to the preload measurement according to the present invention. That is, the output shaft 3 can be regarded substantially as a part of the housing 1 as a rotation bearing member with respect to the input shaft 2.

First, the transmission is in a neutral state, that is, the first to third driven gears 16, 17, and 18 are connected to the output shaft 3
The motor 24,
28 is driven to rotate the input / output shafts 2 and 3 with a slight rotational difference, and the taper bearing 5 (roller)
Parallel. At this time, the rotation direction of the input shaft 2 is preferably matched with the rotation direction of the engine output shaft.

At least the motor 24, preferably, the motor 28 is also fixedly held, and in this state, the motor 32 is driven to backlash the counter shaft 4 between the drive gear 11 and the driven gear 12 (the magnitude of this backlash can be known in advance). In this range, the rotation angle position of the counter shaft 4 when the counter shaft 4 is stopped is stored by rotating the counter shaft 4 slightly in one direction and bringing the gears 11 and 12 into contact with each other.

When at least the motor 24 is fixedly held as described above, the motor 32 is rotated within the range of the backlash (rotation in the other direction) in the opposite direction to the above case, and the counter shaft 4 is stopped. The rotation angle of the counter shaft 4 is stored.

The rotation angle position of the counter shaft 4 required to bring the drive gear 11 and the driven gear 12 into non-contact with each other based on both memories according to the above and (for example, the rotation angle corresponding to the arithmetic mean of the above memory values is set to the position). ) Is calculated. Then, the calculated value and the rotational angle position of the fixedly held motor 24, that is, the input shaft 2 are stored.

The counter shaft 4 is rotated by the motor 32 while the input shaft 2 is rotated by the motor 24 in the same direction as the above at a predetermined speed. The rotation angle position of the counter shaft 4 with respect to the rotation angle position of the input shaft 2 is stored in the memory so that the drive gear 11 and the driven gear 12 are kept in non-contact with each other during the rotation of the both shafts 2, 4. It is maintained at a predetermined value based on the value. Of course, the counter shaft 4
The number of rotations is set in consideration of the tooth number ratio between the drive gear 11 and the driven gear 12. It should be noted that the output shaft 3 is set in consideration of the case where the transmission is actually used (the input shaft 2 and the output shaft 3
(Other than a direct connection with), the input shaft 2 is rotated by the motor 28 while giving a rotation difference. The torque of each of the shafts 2, 3 and 4 when the drive gear 11 and the driven gear 12 are rotating in a specific contact state is measured by the torque meters 22 and 2.
It is detected by 6 or 30 and whether or not each detected value is within a predetermined range is displayed on the CRT 46.

The above-described torque detection is performed as the shafts 2, 3 and 4 are independent of the rotational resistance according to the preload of the other shafts. , 7, 8, 9 will be measured if the preload is within a predetermined tolerance range. In the above description, by rotating the output shaft 3 in the same direction with respect to the input shaft 2 at the same speed, it is possible to perform comparison detection with the case where there is no rotational resistance of the taper bearing 6.

In the embodiment described above, the case where the two shafts 2 and 4 are interlocked with each other via the gears 11 and 12 meshing with each other has been described. However, at least one of the two shafts is further connected via a gear to another shaft. Even if it is always linked with, it is possible to know the preload for each axis in the same way.

(Effects of the Invention) As is apparent from the above description, the present invention makes it possible to measure the preload of each shaft that is interlocked with each other by a gear for each shaft.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing an example of a gear meshing unit. FIG. 2 is an overall system diagram showing an example of an apparatus for measuring the preload of each shaft in the gear meshing unit of FIG. FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a state of gears that are synchronously rotating in a non-contact state within a range of backlash. 1: Housing (Supporting Member) 2: Input Shaft 3: Output Shaft 4: Counter Shaft 5-9: Tapered Bearing 11: Drive Gear (Interlocking Gear) 12: Driven Gear (Interlocking Gear) 22, 26, 30: Torque Meter 23, 27, 31: rotary encoder 24, 28, 32: motor 41: control means

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A gear meshing unit in which at least two shafts, which are always interlocked with each other by gears, are rotatably supported by a support member, and the gears in meshing relationship are brought into non-contact state within the range of their backlash. Meanwhile, a gear meshing characterized by comprising: rotary drive means for synchronously rotating the respective shafts; and torque detection means for independently detecting the torque of each shaft rotationally driven by the rotary drive means. Unit preload measuring device.