JPH0613294B2 - Ventilation system for railway vehicles - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a railcar ventilation device, and more particularly to a railcar ventilation device suitable for use in a vehicle running in a tunnel at high speed.

[Background of the Invention]

Conventionally, as a ventilation system for high-speed railway vehicles, when the vehicle is equipped with an air supply system and an exhaust system in pairs as used in the Shinkansen to ventilate the interior of the vehicle and the vehicle travels at high speed in a tunnel. It was common to prevent sudden changes in vehicle pressure.

When a train travels in a tunnel at a high speed, the vehicle exterior pressure inside the tunnel changes abruptly, and when this variation in vehicle exterior pressure propagates into the vehicle interior, the vehicle interior pressure also changes. If the change width and the change speed of the in-vehicle pressure exceed the permissible limits, passengers' ears will be uncomfortable. Therefore, a blower with special performance is used for the air supply / exhaust device so that the pressure inside the vehicle does not change much even if the pressure outside the vehicle changes.

As a specific example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-9022, No. 1
As described in the figure, a blower for the air supply / exhaust device has a steep slope in air flow rate to pressure characteristic. Then, the maximum value (that is, the maximum pressure) in the pressure characteristics of these blowers is set so as to exceed the maximum value of the change in the outside pressure that occurs when the train travels in the tunnel.

The reason is that if the maximum change value of the outside pressure (generally, the change to the negative pressure side is large) momentarily exceeds the maximum pressure characteristic value of the blower, an adversity phenomenon occurs in the blower for air supply, and the blower for air supply is The air inside the vehicle flows out through the vehicle. Combined with the exhaust of air inside the vehicle with the exhaust blower, the outflow of air inside the vehicle will increase rapidly, and the intake of outside air into the vehicle will be zero.Therefore, the pressure inside the vehicle will drop sharply, causing passengers to feel uncomfortable. Because it will be given.

If the train speed is further increased, the change in the vehicle exterior pressure inside the tunnel increases, and thus a blower having a larger pressure characteristic is required.

Generally, the pressure characteristic of the blower tends to rise as the runner diameter and the number of revolutions increase. Therefore, supplying a blower with a large pressure characteristic requires the size and speed of the blower to be increased. Means that.

Further, there has been a problem that the increase in size and speed of the blower leads to increase in size, cost, and noise of the entire ventilation system.

As another method, there is a method of blocking the air supply / exhaust flow path of the ventilation device when passing through the train and the tunnel, but according to this method, in the route with many tunnels such as Sanyo Shinkansen There was a problem that the CO ₂ concentration in the vehicle increased or the O ₂ concentration decreased due to insufficient amount.

[Object of the Invention]

It is an object of the present invention to provide a railcar ventilation device having a simple structure while suppressing fluctuations in vehicle interior pressure when traveling at high speed in a tunnel within an allowable limit.

[Outline of Invention]

The present invention relates to an air supply means for taking in air outside the vehicle into a vehicle body having an airtight structure, an exhaust means for discharging contaminated air inside the vehicle body having the airtight structure to the outside of the vehicle, and an air flow on the inlet side of the air supply means. An air supply side pressure change mitigating mechanism in which a plurality of grilles each having a chevron cross section are arranged in a zigzag pattern in a staggered manner on the entire surface across the road.
The exhaust pressure change alleviating mechanism is formed by alternately arranging a plurality of grilles each having a mountain-shaped cross section in a zigzag pattern on the entire surface on the outlet side of the exhaust means in the air passage crossing direction.

Example of Invention

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

In FIG. 1, 1 is an air supply device installed between the roof and the ceiling of a vehicle, 2 is a fresh outside air intake grill, 3 is a blower of the air supply device 1, and 4 is installed near the inlet of the air supply device 1. Pressure change mitigation mechanism, 5 air conditioning duct, 6 discharge grill,
Reference numeral 7 is a passenger compartment, 8 is an exhaust grill for exhausting polluted air inside the vehicle to the outside of the vehicle, 9 is an exhaust duct, 10 is an exhaust device installed under the floor of the vehicle, 11 is a blower of the exhaust device 10, and 12 is an exhaust device 10. Is a pressure change mitigation mechanism mounted near the outlet of the.

FIG. 2 shows an example of the pressure change reducing mechanism 4 (or 12). Reference numeral 21 is a structural example of a pressure wave propagation inhibiting grill applied to the pressure change mitigating mechanism 4, or 12, and a plurality of chevron-shaped cross-section grilles are provided in the direction across the air flow path, that is, in the direction orthogonal to the air flow It has a structure in which multiple rows are arranged in a staggered pattern. The arrows in the figure indicate the flow of air.

Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described. When the train is running outside the tunnel, or when there is no passage even inside the tunnel, there is little or no change in the outside pressure, so even if there is a small amount, the air supply device 1 takes in the air volume and the exhaust device 10 The amount of air discharged to the outside of the vehicle is almost equal, and the pressure inside the vehicle is almost constant.

When a train passes through a tunnel, the outside pressure changes from atmospheric pressure p ₀ to a negative direction as shown in FIG. Now, with regard to the air supply device 1, even if the vehicle exterior pressure changes rapidly as indicated by the solid line C, the pressure relief mechanism 4 acts so that the pressure at point A in FIG. Changes slowly as shown by the dotted line. Therefore, the pressure difference before and after the air blower 3 is significantly reduced as compared with the pressure difference inside and outside the vehicle, and therefore the pressure difference before and after the air blower 3 exceeds the maximum pressure characteristic of the air blower 3. Is almost eliminated, and as a result, the backflow phenomenon of air in the air supply device 1 is prevented.

Similarly, in the exhaust device 10, the pressure at the point B in FIG. 1 corresponding to the discharge side of the blower 11 changes gently as indicated by the dotted line, so that the pressure difference between the front and rear of the exhaust blower 11 also changes. The pressure difference between the inside and the outside is significantly reduced, and the increase in outflow of the air inside the vehicle to the outside of the vehicle in the exhaust device 10 is also reduced.

As described above, if the backflow in the air supply device 1 is prevented and the increase in outflow in the exhaust device 10 is reduced, finally, the increase in the in-vehicle pressure change is reduced.

According to this embodiment, the pressure difference mitigating mechanism provided near the inlet side of the air supply device 1 and near the outlet of the exhaust device 10 causes the pressure difference between the front and rear of the blowers 3 and 11 to be higher than the pressure difference inside and outside the vehicle. Thus, there is an effect that the pressure change in the vehicle can be reduced without improving the pressure characteristics of the blowers 3 and 11 as a result. Further, the pressure change alleviating mechanisms 4 and 12 have a structure in which a plurality of grills 21 are alternately arranged in a zigzag pattern on the entire surface across the air flow path, and the structure can be simplified.

〔The invention's effect〕

According to the present invention, by providing the pressure change reducing mechanism near the outlets of the air supply device and the exhaust device, it is possible to reduce the pressure change in the vehicle and to install the pressure change reducing mechanism having a simple structure. , The structure of the ventilation device can be simplified.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a vehicle equipped with a supply / exhaust ventilation device, FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a pressure change alleviating mechanism, and FIG.
The figure is an explanatory diagram showing changes in the vehicle exterior pressure and the pressures at points A and B at the time of passing through the tunnel. 1 ... Air supply device, 4, 12 ... Pressure change reducing mechanism, 10
...... Exhaust device, 21 ...... Pressure wave propagation inhibition grill

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yoshiki Atsuno 794 Azuma Higashitoyo, Shimomatsu City, Yamaguchi Prefecture Inside the Kasado Plant, Hitachi, Ltd. Kasado Plant, Hitachi, Ltd. (56) References JP 58-9022 (JP, A) JP 53-28166 (JP, Y2)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An air supply means for taking in air outside the vehicle into a vehicle body having an airtight structure, an exhaust means for discharging polluted air inside the vehicle body having an airtight structure to the outside of the vehicle, and an air on the inlet side of the air supply means. An air supply side pressure change alleviating mechanism in which a plurality of grilles each having a chevron cross section are arranged in a zigzag pattern in a staggered manner over the entire flow passage crossing direction, and a chevron cross section is formed on the entire air passage crossing direction on the outlet side of the exhaust means A ventilator for a railway vehicle, comprising: an exhaust side pressure change alleviating mechanism in which a plurality of grills are alternately arranged in a staggered pattern.