JPH0635774B2 - Suspension membrane structure - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a novel composite membrane structure suitable for a building having a relatively large span.

(Prior Art and Problems Thereof) There are an air membrane structure, a suspension membrane structure, and a skeleton membrane structure as the form of the membrane structure that is generally popular at present.

Among them, in the air film structure, the so-called low rise curved surface with a relatively small outward bulging curvature of the film material acts as a negative pressure on the wind pressure applied to the film material. It is possible to exhibit stable wind resistance.

Further, by appropriately disposing the reinforcing cable on the membrane material, it becomes possible to secure a huge span such as an indoor baseball field.

However, in the air film structure, it is necessary to constantly blow air in order to maintain the shape of the film surface, and maintenance is extremely complicated,
There is a problem that it is considerably expensive and economically unsuitable for a building with a small or medium span of 100 m or less.

Next, the suspension film structure has advantages that the film material can be expected to have a curved resistance inherent to the film structure, prestress can be easily introduced, and the morphology is beautiful. In addition, the pillar-type suspension membrane structure has a feature that a large-scale continuous space can be obtained.

However, in the case of a strut suspension membrane structure, the strut may be an obstacle depending on the application. Further, in the case of the single arch type, there is a problem that the unbalanced tension distribution on both sides of the arch deteriorates the stability of the arch and makes it difficult to obtain the self-supporting property of the supporting frame.

Next, FIG. 11 is a side view showing an example of a conventional skeleton membrane structure. In this structure, the secondary members 2 are arranged in parallel on the upper surface of the self-supporting frame 1 such as a space truss.
The film material 3 is stretched over the upper surface of the.

This skeleton membrane structure has features such that the skeleton has high independence and can form a freely curved surface.

In addition, there is an advantage that the design is easy because there is no restriction in terms of plane and cross section.

However, as shown in FIG. 11 of the conventional example, when the film surface of the film material 3 is stretched on the grid of the self-supporting frame 1 of the three-dimensional truss type, the wind pressure applied to the film surface by the point support method using the upper chord node. Since the self-supporting frame 1 bears through the point support portion, it is difficult to expect sufficient strength.
In addition, when the line support method along the self-supporting frame 1 is used,
The secondary member 2 in order to maintain the shape of the film surface and withstand deformation contact
However, the economical efficiency of the skeleton material becomes worse. Further, since the film material 3 has a small size and a small curvature as a structural film, it has only the function of covering the upper surface of the self-supporting frame 1 as a structural material with a translucent finishing material such as glass or acrylic. There is a problem that it is difficult to say that the tension resistance system based on the membrane surface, which the membrane structure originally should have, is sufficiently exerted.

Further, since the self-supporting frame 1 is below the film material 3, only the form under the self-supporting frame 1 is emphasized to the human inside, and the beauty of the curved surface of the film, such as lightness and elasticity, is diminished. ing.

In addition, an arch type cable may be used for tension of the membrane surface, but it is difficult to expect wind resistance effect on the cable because the distance between the frames is usually too short, and the structure system lacks rationality. have.

As described above, the conventional structure having a membrane structure has been improved to improve the lighting conditions by devising the material of the membrane material, but especially when used as a facility for sports There was a problem in terms of openness.

The present invention has been developed in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and an object thereof is to provide a suspension membrane structure based on a novel composite membrane structure, which has the advantages of the above-mentioned membrane structures. To do.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, in the suspension membrane structure according to the present invention, the suspension members arranged substantially parallel to each other and the suspension members connected to a plurality of positions of each suspension member are suspended. Suspended filament material, membrane material suspended at the lower end of the filament material, presser cable located between the suspension materials and arranged on the membrane material in the same direction as the suspension material, and suspension. A pair of first supporting members which are arranged at right angles at both ends of the material and are horizontally held, and a pair of first supporting members which are arranged at right angles at both ends of the holding cable and are held horizontally below the first supporting member. A pair of second support members,
A first sliding device slidably coupled to the first supporting member in the girder direction, a second sliding device slidably coupled to the second supporting member in the girder direction, and a first sliding device; A tensioning device that is interposed between the tip of the suspension material and can apply pre-stress to the suspension material,
A tensioning device that is interposed between the second sliding device and the tip of the presser cable and can apply pre-stress to the presser cable, and a sliding device that is provided at the ends of the first and second support members to move each sliding device in the column direction. It is characterized by comprising a driving device that can be moved to.

Further, in the suspension membrane structure according to the present invention, the suspension members arranged in a substantially radial shape, the linear member suspended at a plurality of positions of each suspension member, and the suspension member suspended at the lower end of the linear member. The lowered membrane material, the pressing cable radially arranged on the membrane material so as to have the same central axis as the suspension material, which is located between the suspension materials, and the center of the suspension material arranged radially. A pair of first support members that are arcuately held horizontally as the center of the bend and are arranged at both ends of the suspension material, and an arcuate shape whose center is the center of the presser cable radially arranged A pair of second supporting members that are horizontally held and arranged below the first supporting member, and a first sliding device that is slidably combined in the respective lengthwise directions of the first supporting member, First A second sliding device that is slidably combined in the longitudinal direction of each of the supporting members, and a tensioning device that is interposed between the first sliding device and the tip of the suspension material and that can apply prestress to the suspension material. , A tensioning device interposed between the second sliding device and the tip of the pressing cable and capable of prestressing the pressing cable, and each sliding device provided in the first and second support members in the longitudinal direction. It is characterized in that it comprises a driving device which can be moved.

(Examples) Hereinafter, preferred examples of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

1 to 8 show an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an essential part showing one structural unit of the membrane structure according to this embodiment, FIG. 2 is a plan view of a building using the membrane structure according to this embodiment, and FIG. 3 is FIG. Is a side view, FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 2, and FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a planar configuration of a film material.

As shown in FIG. 1, the suspension film structure according to the present embodiment has a suspension wire 10 as a suspension material, a strut cable 11 as a filament material,
The film material 12 and the pressing cable 13 are provided.

The suspension wires 10 are arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval and have an arc shape curved downward as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4.

Strut cables 11 are tied to each suspension wire 10 at intervals, and each strut cable 11 is suspended downward. At the lower end of each strut cable 11, a film material 12 is provided via a suspending metal fitting 11a.
Are connected, and the membrane material 12 is suspended by the strut cable 11. In this embodiment, seven strut cables 11 are suspended on each suspension wire 10.

In addition, at the intermediate position of each suspension wire 10,
A pressing cable 13 is arranged on the film material 12 so as to be parallel to the suspension wire 10. And
Each suspension wire 10 and each presser cable 13
By pre-stressing either or both of them at those terminals,
Tension is applied to the film material 12.

In this way, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the membrane surface made of the membrane material 12 maintains a sufficient curvature between the supporting points of the strut cable 11 to stabilize the curved surface,
The tension resistance system of the membrane itself in which the membrane material 12 and the pressing cable 13 are integrated is exhibited. At the same time, the entire film surface is formed as a low rise curved surface with a small outward bulge, and is configured to obtain a negative pressure distribution on the film surface as much as possible when wind pressure is applied.

2 to 5, 14 is an upper beam member as a first supporting member that supports both ends of the suspension wire 10, and 15 is arranged at both ends in the column direction of the structure and is opposed to the horizontal force. A truss type stiffener, 16 is a plurality of vertically raised pillars for holding the upper beam above the ground. A horizontal member 17 is horizontally fixed to the center of each pillar member 16, and an auxiliary pillar member 18 and a horizontal member member 17 which are vertically stood apart from the pillar member 16 are connected to each other. The bridge member 17 and the auxiliary pillar member 18 are arranged so as to project outward from the pillar member 16, and the first reinforcing wire 19 and the second
The reinforcing wire 20 is arranged to form a truss as shown in FIG.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, a lower beam member 21 as a second supporting member is horizontally arranged in the middle of the pillar member 16 (in the vicinity of the horizontal member 17). A brace member 22 is stretched between the upper end of the pillar member 16 and the lower beam member 21, and a brace member 23 is stretched between the lower end of the pillar member 16 and the lower beam member 21.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, wire members 24 are also stretched between the lower beam member 21 and the tip of the horizontal member 17.

In this embodiment, a sliding device 26 and a tensioning device 25 as shown in FIG. 6 are attached to both ends of each suspension wire 10 and both ends of each holding cable 13.

That is, taking the end portion of the suspension wire 10 as an example, an electric center hole jack 25 as a tensioning device is disposed at the end portion of the suspension wire 10, and the suspension wire 10 is connected by the center hole jack 25. Can be tensioned and relaxed by remote control from the ground position.

In this embodiment, the upper beam member 14 is a channel member having a C-shaped cross section, and a sliding device 26 is movably arranged in the upper beam member 14.

The sliding device 26 includes a first roller 27 pivotally supported by a horizontal rotation shaft and a pair of second rollers 28 pivotally supported by a vertical rotation shaft, and is shown in FIG. 6 (a). As described above, the first roller 27 slides on the lower flange of the upper beam member 14, and the second roller 28 abuts on the web on the open end side of the upper beam member 14 so that it can slide.

A projecting arm 29 projecting from the end of the center hole jack 25 is provided at the end of the sliding device body 26a.
Is rotatably pivoted in the vertical direction, and is capable of coping with fluctuations in the inclination angle when the suspension wire 10 is tensioned or loosened by the center hole jack 25.

The center hole jack (tensioning device) 2 described above
5 and the structure of the sliding device 26 are the same at the end portions of each pressing cable 13.

Next, in FIG. 6, reference numeral 30 denotes a long bolt that constitutes a drive device for the suspension wire 10 according to the present embodiment, and the long bolt 30 indicates each suspension wire 1.
Each sliding device main body 26a, which is provided for every 0, is passed through the upper beam 14 over the entire length in the column direction.

Therefore, in the first sliding device 26A arranged at both ends of the suspension wire 10 arranged at one end of the upper beam member 14 in the girder direction, as shown in FIG. Spiral part 3 fixed to the sliding device body 26a
The screw pitch of the spiral portion 31a is set so that the first sliding device 26A moves about 10 cm when the long bolt 30 is rotated once.

On the other hand, in the second sliding device 26B disposed on the suspension wire 10 other than the end portion, as shown in FIG.
6a. Therefore, when the long bolt 30 is rotated in the normal arrangement state, the spiral portion 31b also rotates together with the long bolt 30 by the action of the bearing 32, so that the second sliding device 26B does not move. .

When it is desired to open the membrane material 12, first, the electric center hole jacks 25 are operated from the ground position to suspend the suspension wire 10 and the presser cable 1.
When either one or both of the three are relaxed, and then the long bolt 30 is rotated in a predetermined direction by a predetermined rotation means (not shown), one end of the girder direction is The first sliding device 26A arranged on the suspension wire 10 moves toward the other end in the column row direction together with the spiral portion 31a. First sliding device 26A
Moves to the position of the second sliding device 26B arranged on another suspension wire 10, the second sliding device 2B
6B is pushed in the column direction, so bearing 3
The spiral portion 31b that has been rotated by 2 engages with the long bolt 30 to interlock with the first sliding device 26A, and the second sliding device 26B also starts moving in the column direction.

In the same manner, the other second sliding devices 26B also sequentially move in the column direction, and by moving the suspension wires 10 integrated with the respective sliding devices 26, not only the strut cables 11 and the presser cables 13 but also the membrane material 12 is moved. In conjunction with this, the film material 12 can be moved to the other end in the column direction to open the film material 12.

Further, in order to close the film material 12 from the open state, an operation reverse to the above operation procedure may be performed.

As described above, in the suspension membrane structure according to the present embodiment, since the membrane material 12 can be freely opened and closed according to the conditions such as the weather, it is possible to create a comfortable large space, especially in a sports facility. It can be suitable for a building where an open space is desirable in fine weather.

In order to open and close the membrane material 12, the first wire provided on the suspension wire 10 at one end in the column direction is arranged.
Since only the sliding device 26A needs to be driven,
The drive device can be rationally designed, and the entire device can be simplified.

Further, tensioning, loosening, re-tensioning of the suspension wire 10 and the pressing cable 13 and actuation of the drive device can be operated from the ground position, so that the work at the time of opening and closing can be simplified.

Further, in the membrane structure according to the present embodiment, most of the negative pressure acts on the membrane surface as a negative pressure with respect to the wind pressure which is the dominant load, so that the negative pressure is applied to the membrane material 12 and the pressing member. Even if the cable 13 bears the tension as a tension and a disproportionate stress is generated due to the deformation of the film surface due to the local wind pressure, the stress is absorbed by the tension field composed of the flexible film material 12 and the pressing cable 13. To be done. Therefore, the wind pressure in the portion having a slight positive pressure distribution acts only on the suspension wire 10 as a short-term load via the strut cable 11.

In the conventional skeleton membrane structure, the membrane material is stretched on the upper surface of the skeleton, so that the skeleton finally bears the wind pressure regardless of positive pressure or negative pressure. Therefore,
The frame requires a large cross-section member capable of withstanding this, and the connection between the frame members is complicated, but as described above, in the present embodiment, the suspension wire 10 includes the suspension wire 10 and the film member 12. It suffices to support the extremely lightweight own weight of the presser cable 13 and the like, the wind pressure to some extent, and the load of snow.

Further, since the flexible wire material is used, the load transmitted through the strut cable 11 acts on the suspension wire 10 only as an axial force, and no bending force acts on the suspension wire 10. Therefore, the rigidity is high. The weight can be remarkably reduced as compared with the above-mentioned conventional example using the frame member.

Further, as described above, the film material 12 is point-supported to the suspension wire 10 for a slight self-weight and line-supported to the presser cable 13 for a large wind load. It is formed to be rational according to the magnitude of the load.

Further, the waterproof material can be simplified by suspending the film material 12 in a dotted manner from the suspension wire 10 in a minimum number.

Further, since the film surface is temporarily separated from the suspension wire 10 via the strut cable 11, the appearance is a mechanic design by the suspension wire 10, while the inner appearance is a film surface having a sufficient curvature in the ceiling. Will be installed. In this way, the soft and attractive atmosphere unique to the film such as the conventional suspension film structure and air film structure can be obtained.

Further, since the membrane surface is arranged below the suspension wire 10, the erection (attachment of the membrane material 12 to the suspension wire 10) becomes easier as compared with the conventional skeleton membrane structure.

Further, re-tensioning to the membrane surface due to aging creep is easily performed in the outer peripheral portion by using one or both of the suspension wire 10 and the pressing cable 13 as in the case of introducing the above-mentioned initial prestress. But
As described above, since the pressing cable 13 can simultaneously function as a large resistance element against wind pressure, it becomes structurally rational.

In addition, depending on the design conditions, the suspension wire 10
Alternatively, it is possible to use a lightweight beam material such as a single-piece steel pipe.

Further, in the above embodiment, each suspension wire 10
Although the example in which the suspension wires 10 are arranged in parallel with each other is shown, it is also possible to dispose the suspension wires 10 in a substantially radial pattern with respect to each other, as in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 9 and 10. Is. In this case, the pressing cables 13 may be radially arranged at the intermediate position between the suspension wires 10 like the suspension wires 10.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the example in which only the suspension wire 10 disposed at one end in the column direction is driven by the drive device is shown. However, in addition to this, the pressing cable 13 at one end in the column direction is shown. It is also possible to drive only the same by a similar drive device, or to drive both the suspension wire 10 and the holding cable 13 at one end in the column row direction by the drive device in the column row direction.

Furthermore, the center hole jack (tensioning device) 25
The suspension wire 10 and the presser cable 13 may be arranged on either one of the examples, instead of being installed on both.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment,
Various modifications can be made within the scope not departing from the gist of the present invention, such as the intervals and spans between the suspension wires 10 and the number of strut cables to be arranged can be appropriately changed according to design conditions. Needless to say.

(Advantages of the Invention) The present invention is configured as described above, and includes suspension members arranged substantially in parallel or in a radial shape, and a film member suspended from a plurality of positions of each suspension member by a linear member. A suspension cable disposed on the film material in the same direction as each suspension material at an intermediate position between the suspension materials to apply a tension force to the film material. Each of the support members at both ends is made activatable, and one or both of a suspension material and a holding cable disposed at one end in the column direction are driven by a drive device in the column direction, and The tensioning device that pre-stresses the suspension material and the presser cable relaxes either or both of the suspension material and the presser cable. By loosening and opening and closing the membrane material together with each suspension material and presser cable,
Since an open space can be formed arbitrarily and only the suspension material and / or the presser cable at one end need be driven, the drive device can be simplified and all opening and closing operations are done on the ground part. Since it can be performed, quick and simple operation is possible.

Further, the wind resistance as a lightweight structure can be expected mainly in the film body composed of the film material and the pressing cable, and the tensile resistance of the film body which the film structure originally should have can be sufficiently exhibited.

In addition, since all the load from the bottom acts on the suspension material only as an axial force, and no bending force acts, it has a rational structural form, which is structurally superior to the conventional structure using a highly rigid frame material. The weight of the entire body can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 to 8 show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an essential part showing one structural unit of a film structure according to the present embodiment,
2 is a plan view of a building using the membrane structure according to the present embodiment, FIG. 3 is a side view of FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 2, and FIG. FIG. 6 (a) is a conceptual view showing an example of a sliding device and a tensioning device, FIG. 6 (b) is a conceptual diagram of a tensioning device, FIG. 7 (a), FIG. 7 (b), FIG. 8 (a), and FIG. 8 (b) are explanatory views showing a drive device according to this embodiment, and FIGS. 9 and 10 are other embodiments of the present invention. Conceptual diagram showing first
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a conventional skeleton membrane structure. 10 ... Suspension material (suspension wire), 11 ... Line material (strut cable), 12 ... Membrane material, 13 ... Presser cable, 25 ... Tensioning device (center hole jack), 26A ... First sliding Device, 26B ... Second sliding device, 30 ... long bolt, 31 ... spiral part, 32 ... bearing.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A suspension member arranged substantially in parallel,
A filament material that is suspended by being connected to multiple points of each suspension material, a membrane material that is suspended at the lower end of the filament material, and a membrane material that is located between each suspension material and is in the same direction as the suspension material. The pressing cable disposed above, the pair of first supporting members that are horizontally disposed at both ends of the suspension member, and the pair of first supporting members that are held horizontally, and the pair of first supporting members that are vertically disposed at both ends of the retaining cable are disposed. A pair of second support members horizontally held below the first support member, a first sliding device that is slidably combined with the first support member in the girder direction, and a second support member. A second sliding device that is slidably combined in the column direction, a tensioning device that is interposed between the first sliding device and the tip of the suspension material, and that can prestress the suspension material, and a second sliding device. And presser cable A tensioning device that is interposed between the tip and a prestressing device to apply a prestress to the pressing cable; and a drive device that is provided at the ends of the first and second support members and that can move each sliding device in the column direction. A suspension membrane structure comprising: 2. A suspension member arranged substantially radially, a linear member suspended from a plurality of positions of each suspension member, and a film member suspended from the lower end of the linear member. A pressing cable that is located between the suspension materials and is radially arranged on the membrane material so as to have the same central axis as the suspension material, and an arc shape with the center of the suspension material arranged radially as the center of the turn. And is held horizontally, and a pair of first support members arranged at both ends of the suspension member, and an arc shape having the center of the presser cable radially arranged as the center of bending, and held horizontally. A pair of second supporting members arranged below the first supporting member, a first sliding device slidably combined in the respective lengthwise directions of the first supporting member, and a second supporting member. Slidable in the length direction A second sliding device combining,
The tensioning device, which is interposed between the first sliding device and the tip of the suspension material and can apply prestress to the suspension material, and the tensioning device, which is interposed between the second sliding device and the tip of the holding cable, preloads the holding cable. A suspension membrane structure comprising: a tensioning device that can apply stress; and a drive device that is provided on the first and second support members and that can move each sliding device in the longitudinal direction.