JPH0692707B2 - Suspension membrane structure - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a novel composite membrane structure suitable for a building having a relatively large span.

(Prior Art and Problems Thereof) There are an air membrane structure, a suspension membrane structure, and a skeleton membrane structure as the form of the membrane structure which is currently popular.

In the air film structure, by making the so-called low rise curved surface that the outward bulging curvature of the film material is relatively small, the wind pressure applied to the film material acts as negative pressure as possible and stable. The wind resistance can be demonstrated.

Further, by appropriately arranging the reinforcing cable on the membrane material, it becomes possible to secure a huge span such as an indoor baseball field.

However, there is a problem in that it is necessary to constantly blow air to maintain the shape of the membrane surface, maintenance is extremely complicated, considerable cost is required, and it is economically unsuitable for a building with a small or medium span of 100 m or less.

Next, in the suspension membrane structure, the curved surface resistance inherent in the membrane structure can be expected in the membrane material, prestress can be easily introduced, and the morphology is beautiful. Has the feature that a large continuous space can be obtained.

However, in the case of a strut type suspension membrane structure, the strut may be an obstacle in some applications, and in the case of a single arch type, the unbalanced tension distribution on both sides of the arch increases the stability of the arch. There is also a problem that it becomes worse and it becomes difficult to obtain the self-supporting property of the supporting frame.

Next, FIG. 11 shows an example of the above framed membrane structure, in which a film material 3 is stretched over a top surface of a self-supporting frame 1 such as a space truss via a secondary member 2.

This frame-type membrane structure has features such that the frame has high independence and can form a freely curved surface.

In addition, there is an advantage that the design is easy because there is no restriction in terms of plane and cross section.

However, when the membrane surface of the membrane material 3 is stretched on the grid of the frame 1 of the three-dimensional truss type as in the example of FIG. 11, the wind pressure applied to the membrane surface is Since the frame 1 bears through the point support portion,
It is difficult to expect sufficient strength, and when the line support system along the frame 1 is used, the secondary member 2 is additionally required to maintain the shape of the film surface and to prepare for deformation contact. The economical efficiency of the frame member is difficult to obtain, and the film material 3 has a small size and a small curvature as a structural film. There is a problem that it has only a covering function, and it is difficult to say that the tension resistance system by the membrane surface that the membrane structure originally should have is sufficiently exerted.

Furthermore, since there is the frame 1 below the film material 3, only the form of the frame 1 is emphasized by humans inside, and the beauty of the curved surface of the film, such as lightness and elasticity, is diminished.

In addition, although an arch type cable may be used for the tension of the membrane surface, it is difficult to expect a windproof effect on the cable because the distance between the frames is usually too short, and the structure system lacks rationality. have.

Further, in the above-mentioned conventional structure having a membrane structure, the material of the membrane material has been improved so as to improve the lighting conditions. However, the openness of the space particularly when used as a facility for sports is improved. Had problems in terms.

The present invention has been developed in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and an object thereof is to provide a suspension membrane structure based on a novel composite membrane structure, which has the advantages of the above-mentioned membrane structures. To do.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, in the suspension membrane structure according to the present invention, the suspension members arranged substantially in parallel or substantially in a radial shape and a plurality of the suspension members are provided. A membrane material suspended downward by a filament material; and a holding cable arranged on the membrane material in the same direction as each suspension material at an intermediate position between the suspension materials to apply a tension force to the membrane material. Each suspension member and each holding cable are made slidable on the support members at both ends, and either one or both of the suspension member and the holding cable arranged at one end in the column direction are provided. By driving the suspension member and the pressing cable together with the suspension member, the film member can be opened and closed by being driven by the drive device in the column direction. Is.

(Examples) Hereinafter, preferred examples of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

1 to 8 show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an essential part showing one structural unit of a film structure according to the present embodiment,
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a building using the membrane structure according to the present embodiment, FIG. 3 is a side view of FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line AA, and FIG. It is an end view which shows a plane structure.

As shown in FIG. 1, the suspension membrane structure according to this embodiment has a suspension wire 10 as a suspension material, a strut cable 11 as a filament material, and a membrane material.
12 and a presser cable 13.

The suspension wires 10 are arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals and have an arc shape curved downward as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4.

In this embodiment, seven strut cables 11 are hung downward from each suspension wire 10, and the film material 12 is hung by the respective strut cables 11 via suspending metal fittings 14.

In addition, a pressing cable 13 is disposed on the membrane material 12 in an intermediate position between the suspension wires 10 in parallel with the suspension wires 10.
In addition, each of the holding cables 13 has a tensile force applied to the film material 12 by pre-stressing either one or both of them at its terminal portion.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the membrane surface made of the membrane material 12 maintains a sufficient curvature between the supporting points of the strut cables 11 to stabilize the curved surface, and the membrane material 12 It is configured so that the tension resistance system of the membrane itself, which is integrated with the presser cable 13, is exerted, and the entire membrane surface is formed as a low rise curved surface with little outward bulging, and wind pressure is reduced. It is configured to obtain a negative pressure distribution on the membrane surface as much as possible when added.

In FIGS. 2 to 5, 14 is a girder member that supports both ends of the suspension wire 10, 15 is a truss-type stiffening member that is arranged at both ends of the structure in the girder direction, and is a truss-type stiffening member. Reference numeral 16 denotes a pillar member arranged at both end positions of each suspension wire 10, and a horizontal bridge member 17 and an auxiliary pillar member 18 are arranged to project outward from the pillar member 16, and the first reinforcing wire 19 and the Two reinforcing wires 20 are arranged to form a truss as shown in FIG.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, horizontal members 21 are arranged at both end positions of the holding cable 13, and the upper and lower ends of the column member 16 and the horizontal positions of both end positions of the holding cable 13 are provided. Brace members 22 and 23 are stretched between the members 21.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, wire members 24 are stretched between the horizontal members 21 and the ends of the horizontal members 17 at both ends of the holding cable 13.

Therefore, in this embodiment, a sliding device and a tensioning device as shown in FIG. 6 are attached to both ends of each suspension wire 10 and both ends of each holding cable 13.

That is, taking the end of the suspension wire 10 as an example,
An electric center hole jack 25 as a tensioning device is arranged at an end of the floor wire 10, and the jack 25 allows the suspension wire 10 to be tensioned and loosened by remote control from a ground position.

The girder material 14 is a C-shaped channel material in this embodiment,
A sliding device 26 is fitted and arranged in the girder member 14.

The sliding device 26 includes a first roller 27 pivotally supported on a horizontal rotation shaft and a pair of second rollers 28 pivotally supported on a vertical rotation shaft, as shown in FIG. 6 (a). So first
The roller 27 slides on the lower flange of the girder member 14, and the second roller 28 abuts on the web on the open end side of the girder member 14 so as to be slidable.

Further, a projecting arm 29 projecting from the end of the jack 25 is pivotally attached to the end of the sliding device body 26a so as to be vertically rotatable. It is possible to cope with changes in the inclination angle of.

The configurations of the tension device 25 and the sliding device 26 described above are the same at the end portion of the pressing cable 13.

Next, in FIG. 6, reference numeral 30 denotes a long bolt which constitutes a drive device for the suspension wire 10 according to the present embodiment,
The long bolt 30 penetrates each sliding device body 26a provided for each suspension wire 10 and is provided in the girder material 14 over the entire length in the girder direction.

Therefore, in the first sliding device 26A arranged at both ends of the suspension wire 10 arranged at one end in the column direction, the long bolt 30 is fixed to the device body 26a as shown in FIG. The screw pitch is set so that the first sliding device 26A moves about 10 cm when the long bolt 30 makes one rotation.

On the other hand, in the second sliding device 26B arranged on the suspension wire 10 other than the end portion, the spiral portion 31 is attached to the device main body 26a via the bearing 32 as shown in FIG. In this state, when the long bolt 30 is rotated, the spiral portion 31 also rotates together with the bolt 30 by the action of the bearing 32, so that the second sliding device 26 does not move.

Then, when it is desired to open the membrane material 12, first, the electric center hole jacks 25 are operated from the ground position to relax the tension state of one or both of the suspension wire 10 and the presser cable 13. deep.

After that, when the long bolt 30 is rotated in a predetermined direction by a predetermined rotating means, the first sliding device is arranged on the suspension wire 10 at one end in the column direction.
When 26A moves together with the spiral portion 31 toward the other end in the column direction and moves to the position of the second sliding device 26B arranged on the other suspension wire 10, the second sliding device 2
Since 6B is pressed in the column direction, the threaded portion 31 that has been rotated by the bearing 32 is engaged with the long bolt 30 so as to interlock with the first sliding device 26A and the second sliding device 26B also extends in the column direction. Start moving.

In the same manner, the other second sliding devices 26B also sequentially move in the column direction, and by moving the suspension wires 10 integrated with the sliding devices 26, the strut cables 11 and the pressing cables 13 as well as the membrane material 12 are moved. In conjunction with this, the film material 12 can be moved to the other end in the column direction to open the film material 12.

Further, in order to close the film material 12 from the open state, an operation reverse to the above operation procedure may be performed.

As described above, in the suspension membrane structure according to the present embodiment, since the membrane material 12 can be freely opened and closed according to the conditions such as the weather, it is possible to create a comfortable large space, and especially as in a sports facility. It can be suitable for a building where an open space is desirable in fine weather.

Also, the suspension wire at one end in the column direction
Since it is only necessary to drive the first sliding device 26A arranged in 10, the drive device can be rationally designed,
The entire device can be simplified.

Further, in the membrane structure according to the present embodiment, with respect to the wind pressure that is the dominant load, most of the negative pressure acts on the membrane surface as described above. 13
Even if a disproportionate stress is generated due to the deformation of the film surface due to local wind pressure, the stress is absorbed by the tension field composed of the flexible film material 12 and the pressing cable 13.

Therefore, the wind pressure in the portion of the suspension wire 10 having a slight positive pressure distribution acts only as a short-term load via the strut cable 11.

In the conventional frame membrane structure, since the film material is stretched on the upper surface of the frame, wind pressure is positive pressure, regardless of whether the negative pressure is finally all the frame is to bear, Therefore, the frame requires a large cross-section member capable of withstanding this, and the connection between the frame members is complicated. However, as described above, in the present embodiment, the suspension wire 10 includes the suspension wire 10 and the film material. 12, It is only necessary to support the extremely lightweight long-term weight of the cable 13 etc., wind pressure to some extent, and short-term load of snow cover.

Further, since a flexible wire material is used, the load transmitted through the strut cable 11 acts only on the suspension wire 10 as only an axial force, and no bending force acts, so that the rigidity is high. The weight can be remarkably reduced as compared with the above-mentioned conventional example using the frame member.

Further, as described above, the film material 12 is point-supported to the suspension wire 10 for a slight self-weight and line-supported to the cable 13 for a large wind load. It is formed as a rational one according to the size of.

Further, by suspending the film material 12 in a dot-like manner from the suspension wire 10 in a minimum number, the waterproof detail can be simplified.

In addition, since the film surface is separated from the suspension wire 10 through the strut cable 11, the appearance is a mechanical design by the suspension wire 10, while the inside is a film surface with a sufficient curvature on the ceiling. By arranging, the soft and attractive atmosphere unique to the film such as the conventional suspension film structure and the air film structure can be obtained.

Further, since the membrane surface is arranged below the suspension wire 10, the erection (attachment of the membrane material 12 to the suspension wire 10) becomes easier as compared with the conventional frame membrane structure.

Further, re-tensioning to the membrane surface due to aging creep can be easily performed on the outer peripheral portion by using one or both of the suspension wire 10 and the presser cable 13 as in the introduction of the initial prestress described above. Although it can be carried out, as described above, since the pressing cable 13 can simultaneously function as a large resistance element against wind pressure, it becomes structurally rational.

Depending on design conditions, it is possible to use a lightweight beam material such as a single material steel pipe instead of the suspension wire 10.

Further, in the above embodiment, an example in which the suspension wires 10 are arranged in parallel with each other has been shown. However, in addition to this, as in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the suspension wires 10 are mutually connected. It is also possible to arrange them substantially radially, and in this case, each holding cable 13 may be arranged in the same direction as the suspension wire 10 at the intermediate position of each suspension wire.

Further, in the above embodiment, an example in which only the suspension wire 10 disposed at one end in the column direction is driven by the drive device is shown. However, in addition to this, the pressing cable 13 at one end in the column direction is shown. It is also possible to drive only the same by a similar drive device, or to drive both the suspension wire 10 and the pressing cable 13 at one end in the column row direction in the column row direction by the drive device.

Furthermore, the tension device 25 may be arranged on either one of the suspension wire 10 and the presser cable 13, or may be arranged on either one.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment,
The intervals and spans between the suspension wires 10 and the number of strut cables to be arranged can be appropriately changed according to the design conditions, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. Needless to say.

(Advantages of the Invention) The present invention is configured as described above, and a suspension member arranged substantially in parallel or in a substantially radial shape and a film member suspended from a plurality of positions of each suspension member by a linear member. And a pressing cable which is disposed on the film material in the same direction as each suspension material at an intermediate position between the suspension materials and applies a tension force to the film material, each suspension material and each pressing cable. Is slidable on the support members at both ends, and by driving one or both of the suspension material and the holding cable arranged at one end in the column direction in the column direction by the drive device, By opening and closing the membrane material together with each suspension material and each pressing cable, an open space can be arbitrarily formed, and the suspension at one end can be formed. Since it is sufficient to drive only the support member and the presser cable, the drive device can be simplified.

Further, the wind resistance as a lightweight structure can be expected mainly in the film body composed of the film material and the pressing cable, and the tensile resistance of the film body which the film structure originally should have can be sufficiently exhibited.

In addition, since all the load from the bottom acts on the suspension material only as an axial force, and no bending force acts on it, it has a rational structural type and has a structure that is higher than that of the conventional example using a highly rigid frame material. The weight of the entire body can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 to 8 show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an essential part showing one structural unit of a film structure according to the present embodiment,
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a building using the membrane structure according to the present embodiment, FIG. 3 is a side view of FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line AA, and FIG. FIG. 6A is an end view showing a planar configuration, FIG. 6A is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a sliding device and a tensioning device,
FIG. 7B is a conceptual diagram of the tension device, and FIGS. 7A, 7B, 8A and 8B are explanatory views showing the drive device according to the present embodiment. FIG. 9, FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 are conceptual diagrams showing other embodiments of the present invention, and FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a conventional skeleton membrane structure. 10 …… Suspension material (suspension wire), 11 …… Line material (strut cable), 12 …… Membrane material, 13 …… Presser cable. 25 ... tensioning device, 26A ... first sliding device, 26B ... second sliding device, 30 ... long bolt, 31 ... spiral part, 32 ... bearing.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Suspension members arranged substantially in parallel or substantially in a radial pattern, a film member suspended from a plurality of positions of each suspension member by a linear member, and an intermediate position between the suspension members. Each suspension material is provided on the film material in the same direction and is provided with a pressing cable that applies a tension force to the film material, and each suspension material and each pressing cable can slide on the support members at both ends thereof. By driving one or both of the suspension material and the holding cable arranged at one end in the column direction in the column direction by a driving device, each suspension material and each holding cable together with the above-mentioned membrane material. Suspension membrane structure characterized by being openable and closable.