JPH0647552B2 - Extraction method of bear bamboo extract - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for extracting bear bamboo extract containing chlorophyll as a main component without destroying chlorophyll of bear bamboo.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional technique of this kind is hot water roasting, in which bear bamboo leaves are naturally dried for one month or more and shredded into thin pieces, for example, water 1,
Put 500 g of bear bamboo leaves into 000 cc and boil it until it reaches 200 cc, then add hot and cold water to it to 1,000 cc
After that, boil again until it reaches 200 cc, repeat this hot water boiling process 5 times to extract the components in the bear bamboo leaves, and drain the upper and lower slags of the extract to obtain a brownish-brown supernatant liquid. Was adopted.

[0003]

Since the bear bamboo extract has been known to be effective against various human diseases, it has been used in Chinese medicine and the private sector for its treatment, and research has been conducted at Western medicine university hospitals and academic societies. It is well known that (21st Century Publishing Co., Ltd., published November 1, 1984, published by Kenyukan Co., Ltd., "Secret of Bear Bamboo" by Kazuya Oizumi, Director of Yamato Biological Research Institute, Professor Emeritus, University of Tsukuba.
(Published by Yasuzaburo Sugi, supervised by Saku) (released, Hana Shrine Co., Ltd., 2-2-5, Sarugaku-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Takayoshi Otani "Mysterious Utility of Bear Sasa" Planning and Production Japan Hills Publishing Bureau)

However, chlorophyll, which has many of the pharmacological and physiological actions of bear bamboo extract

[Figure 1]

[Chemical 1] (Research has shown that chlorophyll has a pharmacological effect in many countries around the world.)
Magnesium ion is completely destroyed during the process of drying and extracting bear bamboo leaves, so its pharmacological and physiological actions cannot be expected, and this magnesium ion is replaced with iron ion and used as iron chlorophyllin. is the current situation

[Fig. 2]

[Chemical 2] .

In view of the above, the present invention provides a means for extracting bear bamboo extract containing chlorophyll, which is the most effective chlorophyll in the human body in terms of pharmacological action and physiological action, that is, magnesium ions are naturally present. .

[0006]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the process of drying bear tea leaves and extracting with hot water,
Chlorophyll (chlorophyll) -degrading enzymes (phenylalanine ammolyase and chlorophyllase) contained in bear bamboo leaves are inactivated to prevent chlorophyll destruction, and after that, ethyl alcohol is removed from the bear bamboo leaves. It is intended to extract bear bamboo extract whose main component is chlorophyll by extraction.

That is, a mixed aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate, sodium chloride and sodium carbonate is used as a treatment liquid, the treatment liquid is heated to 70 ° C. or higher and 80 ° C. or lower, and bear bamboo leaves are added to the treatment liquid while maintaining the temperature. Add and stir for an appropriate period of time, then take out the bear bamboo leaves from the treatment liquid and dry them completely, and add an appropriate amount of the dried bear bamboo leaves to a high concentration (99, 5%).
Soluble and stirred in an appropriate amount of ethyl alcohol for an appropriate time to extract the components in bear bamboo leaves, then separate the extract solution and bear bamboo leaves, and further separate the ethyl alcohol component in the extraction solution to separate chlorophyll. A bear bamboo extract containing as a main component is obtained.

[0008]

[Operation] Since the present invention has the above-mentioned constitution, since the treatment liquid is made alkaline by sodium bicarbonate and sodium carbonate, it penetrates into the plant fiber of bear bamboo leaves to prevent oxidation and to prevent the green color. Prevents browning, and sodium chloride increases the osmotic pressure of the treatment solution and further enhances the green retention power. In addition, sodium bicarbonate and sodium carbonate have a mucolytic action and a fat softening action to soften the plant fibers and compensate for the further softening of the plant fibers softened by the high temperature treatment, and to improve the permeability of sodium bicarbonate and sodium carbonate. Do well

Next, since the temperature of the treatment liquid is 70 ° C. or higher and 80 ° C. or lower, it has an action of rapidly inactivating the chlorophyll degrading enzyme (at 80 ° C. or higher, the enzyme is destroyed).

When the bear bamboo leaves treated as described above are dried, and the dried bear bamboo leaves are sheared and immersed in ethyl alcohol, the components contained in the bear bamboo leaves are naturally retained along with chlorophyll. Extracted with ethyl alcohol. When this extract is separated into ethyl alcohol and bear bamboo extract, a natural bear bamboo extract containing chlorophyll as a main component can be obtained.

[0011]

[Examples] Next, examples will be described.

[Structure] In a processing tank with a volume of 640 l, 448 l (70
%) Water, 80 g of sodium bicarbonate, 80 g of sodium carbonate, and 80 g of sodium chloride are then added, and the mixture is stirred and melted to obtain a treatment liquid. It is needless to say that the processing liquid may be melted in advance in the above-mentioned amount ratio and placed in the processing tank.

Next, hot steam from a steam boiler is sprayed onto the treatment liquid to bring the temperature of the treatment liquid to 70 ° C. to 80 ° C. or lower (necessarily 80 ° C. or lower), and 15 kg of fresh bear bamboo leaf is added to the treatment liquid. ~ 20 kg (10,000 in terms of fresh leaves)
(1 to 14,000 sheets), and the temperature of the treatment liquid is kept at 70 ° C. or higher and 80 ° C. or lower by spraying steam with 10
Stir for minutes to 15 minutes. The treatment time is adjusted while observing the green state of bear bamboo leaves and the like, and should not exceed 15 minutes at the above temperature. In that case, phenylalanine ammolyase, which is a chlorophyll-destroying enzyme present in bear bamboo leaves, and other enzymes are inactivated by heat, and the cell tissues (plant fibers) of the leaves become soft and the permeability of the alkaline solution is good. Becomes Sodium bicarbonate and sodium carbonate in the treatment solution soften the plant fiber and prevent chlorophyll oxidation, and sodium chloride enhances the permeability of the treatment solution into bear bamboo leaves.

When the above heat treatment is completed, bear bamboo leaves are pulled out from the treatment tank, the treatment liquid is drained, and then placed in a dryer to be completely dried. At that time, the chlorophyll in the bear bamboo leaves is completely stabilized and 60% (9 kg to 12 kg) of dried bear bamboo leaves of the present weight is obtained.

This dried bear bamboo leaf is cut as it is or appropriately cut and put in a container having good air permeability, for example, a hemp bag or the like, stored in a place having good air permeability avoiding sunlight, and taken out if necessary. Used to extract.

Next, 8 kg or 12 k of the dried bear bamboo leaves
g is put in a tank containing 90 l of high-concentration (99, 5%) ethyl alcohol, and the container is sealed and left for 1 week. It should be noted that this extraction period is well stirred every 1 to 2 days. After one week, an upper discharge type centrifuge with a 400-mesh filter cloth was used to separate the ethyl alcohol solution containing the extracted components and bear bamboo leaves and suspended matter, and the ethyl alcohol containing the extracted components was further separated. Pour the solution into an evaporator, and
The mixture is heated at 60 ° C. to 60 ° C. for about 6 hours to evaporate ethyl alcohol and collect bear bamboo extract containing chlorophyll as a main component. In addition, the bear bamboo leaves after the above-mentioned (first time) extraction are repeatedly extracted with 90 l of ethyl alcohol for the second time and further for the third time, and as shown in Table 1, bears mainly containing chlorophyll Bamboo extract is obtained.

[0016]

[Table 1] According to the above, the extraction ratio is good when the amount of ethyl alcohol is large with respect to the dried bear bamboo leaves.

[0017]

ACTION AND EFFECT The present invention intends to extract a bear bamboo extract containing chlorophyll as a main component present in bear bamboo leaves in the natural form of chlorophyll, that is, without losing the green color. This is because the bear bamboo extract has various medicinal effects, and it is considered that the main medicinal effect is due to chlorophyll (chlorophyll). So first of all, chlorophyll (hereinafter,
It is called "chlorophyll". ).

Chlorophyll in natural products is a large amount of fats and oils, waxes, proteins, carotenoids, lecithin and other lipids (lipoids) via phytoles (constituting side chain phenyl groups) in the molecule, and Since it is surrounded by active substances such as β-carotene (provitamin A), vitamin E, and vitamin K ₁ having phytol or an unsaturated form of phytol in the molecule, it is not decomposed or changed. It is not easy to take out purely as chlorophyll. Also,
Chlorophyll is a substance that is difficult to crystallize itself,
Finally, it is difficult to collect it as a chemically pure product, and Mg having a chelate bond at the center of the molecule is easily removed (unstable) by ordinary chemical treatment and light, heat, and air (oxygen). It was considered difficult to make a product in the state of Mg chelate. Therefore, at present, this chlorophyll is treated as if it were chlorophyll by changing its shape to the chlorophyllin that lost the structure peculiar to chlorophyll by saponifying this chlorophyll with potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide.

The original function of chlorophyll is due to its magnesium chelate ring and the unique functional groups surrounding it. Chlorophyll, as a whole, is the head of a tadpole, ie the mother nucleus (magnesium chelate-tochlorin nucleus) and the tail or side chain (phytyl ester,
And methyl ester). The phytyl ester corresponding to this tail portion exhibits lipophilicity and has a property of being affinity-integrated with lipids and proteins.
Methyl ester also serves as a supplement to this. In fresh leaves, chlorophyll exists in the form of a solution at the phytyl ester and methyl ester parts, in the form of a solution, which has affinity with chloroplast lipoids (phospholipids) and proteins in leaf cells and freely moves within the chlorophyll molecule. The active chlorin nucleus that is rich in conjugated double bonds that are linked by π electrons that can be rotated and the protein that is lightly coordinated to the magnesium chelate, which is the center of the nucleus, receive light. The excited electrons are transmitted, ATP generation is promoted, and energy used for CO ₂ assimilation is stored.

The two superhydrogen atoms associated with the chlorophyll nucleus and the ketone ring adjacent to the pyrrole ring are also unique to other porphyrins and have the role of exciting the redox action by electron transfer. Plays. That is, the fluctuation of the π-electron potential in the chlorophyll molecule is further increased by the movement of two easily moving hydrogen electrons (electrons + protons). Further, the ketone ring induces intramolecular resonance of chlorophyll and excites the π-electron conjugated system.

When chlorophyll, which is purely extracted from the leaves in a natural form, is injected into a living body, it exhibits a strong affinity for cells of tissues in the living body, and the lipids and proteins forming the cells. Since they are bonded and integrated, chlorophyll can sufficiently fulfill the action effect of the mother nucleus part (electron transfer effect by magnesium chelate). After all, the main effect of chlorophyll is the mother nucleus (C ₃₂ H ₃₀ ON with a unique chemical structure containing Mg).
₄ Mg), that is, in the chelate portion. And phytyl ester (-COOC ₂₀ H ₃₉ ), methyl ester (-CO
The part of OCH ₃ ) plays a role of induction for chlorophyll to reach cells. And, the fact that the synthetic-related metabolic mechanisms (nucleotide metabolism pathway, steroid hormone synthesis, protein synthesis, TCA cycle, energy production by ATP) of cells affected by chlorophyll are activated naturally It appears to be the most widespread and striking effect of the action of this type of active chlorophyll. This is because it means that natural chlorophyll having a phytyl group has a strong affinity transfer to tissue cells and is excellent in retention in the body.

Although it has already been described that phytol is bound to chlorophyll, the peculiarity of natural distribution is that some components surrounding chlorophyll in plants also have phytolic substances. , Which are all essential components of our metabolism. That is, the presence of phytol in the molecule imparts affinity solubility with in-vivo components, cell affinity, and phospholipidity, and the chlorophyllin described above is the phytophyll that plays this important role. -A substance that has lost its properties. Chlorophyll contains magnesium as a chelate metal and has catalytic activity, that is, the metabolism of living cells is Fe.
It is activated by the three-way cooperation with the cytochrome of Co., and vitamin B _{12 of} Co.

The function and the like of chlorophyll have been described above, but chlorophyll having such an action on the human body.

As shown above, it is extremely difficult to extract [Fig. 1] from bear bamboo leaves in a natural state. Still, the conventional extraction method is hot-water roasting from naturally dried bear bamboo leaf, and Mg bound to the center of the molecule during the drying and hot-water roasting is released by light, heat and oxygen (air). Since it is unstable and chlorophyll is difficult to dissolve in water, this magnesium ion is replaced with iron ion by a special method.

[FIG. 2] It is referred to as iron chlorophyllin and pear bear bamboo extract, which have good absorption. As described above, this chlorophyllin is naturally inferior to chlorophyllin in its function.

Therefore, it is necessary to stabilize chlorophyll and maintain the green color of chlorophyll.
Various enzymes are distributed in plants such as stems and roots,
This enzyme is also deeply involved in the destruction of chlorophyll. Among the enzymes, phenylalanine ammolyase (P
AL) decomposes chlorophyll (chlorophyll) and synthesizes a pigment called anthocyan (autumn autumn leaves are due to the action of this enzyme.) Chlorophyll changes in various colors from yellow to red. An enzyme called chlorophyllase decomposes chlorophyll to produce chlorophyll and phytol.

Therefore, in order to stabilize chlorophyll, it is necessary to inactivate the above enzyme. For this inactivation, bear bamboo leaves are heat-treated.
Chlorophyll acts most strongly at 0 ° C to 50 ° C and decomposes it to synthesize anthocyan, but its action diminishes at temperatures above and below that temperature, and at high temperatures of 80 ° C to 100 ° C it is destroyed and loses its action. To do. Therefore, in the present application, bear bamboo leaves are treated at a high temperature of 70 ° C or higher and 80 ° C or lower for 10 minutes to 1
The enzyme was successfully inactivated by treatment for 5 minutes.

Further, the above-mentioned dye anthocyan is a water-soluble and unstable substance, which dissolves in water to give a red color, and when acidified, has a more vivid red color. Sodium carbonate and sodium carbonate were used. Sodium chloride was used to increase the osmotic pressure of the treatment liquid (alkaline liquid) into bear bamboo leaves.

[0027] When the treatment solution is heated to 70 ° C or higher and 80 ° C or lower and bear bear leaf is added and heat-treated for 10 to 15 minutes while maintaining the temperature, phenylalanine ammolyase (PAL) and Enzymes such as chlorophyllase are inactivated, the synthesis of the pigment anthocyan is stopped, and chlorophyll is stabilized. Alkali treatment solutions of sodium bicarbonate and sodium carbonate turned anthocyan produced during the process of collecting bear bamboo leaves from the mountain into the process described in the present application, and permeated into bear bamboo cells to form chlorophyll. To stabilize the green color of. Since sodium bicarbonate and sodium carbonate also have mucolytic and fat-softening actions, the vegetable fibers of bear bamboo leaves are softened in combination with the high temperature action of the treatment liquid to help the permeation of the alkaline treatment liquid,
Further, sodium chloride increases the osmotic pressure of the treatment liquid, prevents the absorption of water into the bear bamboo leaf tissue, and promotes the leaching of water from the tissue into the treatment liquid. Further, mucus dissolution of sodium bicarbonate and sodium carbonate, fat softening action, and softening of plant fiber (bear bamboo leaf fiber) by high temperature treatment facilitate extraction of bear bamboo extract as a post-treatment.

Next, the drying process will be described. When the above-described stabilization treatment of chlorophyll (due to the inactivation of the enzyme) is completed, the treated bear bamboo leaf is subjected to a drying treatment to prevent the generation of mold and the manifestation of the action of the enzyme during storage. The generation of bacteria is completely prevented when the water content is 15% or less, and the water content must be further reduced for the formation of fungi. Therefore, to ensure quality over a long period of time, the water content is kept close to 0% and stored.

Next, the extraction of bear alcohol extract with ethyl alcohol will be described. According to the conventional hot water extraction method, chlorophyll is insoluble in water, so that it is slightly leached into the decoction.
However, along with the ingredients contained in bear bamboo leaves such as sugar,
The water-soluble pigment anthocyan is extracted and the decoction turns yellowish brown, and when it is boiled down, it turns brown. Therefore, such bear bamboo extract contains almost no natural chlorophyll having the above-described function, and therefore the medicinal effect of chlorophyll cannot be expected. Therefore, as shown in the above-mentioned Examples, when dried bear bamboo leaf stabilized with chlorophyll is immersed in high-concentration ethyl alcohol to extract chlorophyll, bamboo leaf fibers are obtained by the action of high temperature treatment and sodium bicarbonate and sodium carbonate. Since it is softened, the components in the bear bamboo grass containing chlorophyll as a main component, which is stabilized, are extracted into the high-concentration ethyl alcohol. By separating bear bamboo leaves and ethyl alcohol from this extracted alcohol solution, bear bamboo extract containing chlorophyll as a main component in its natural state can be obtained.

The bear bamboo extract thus obtained is
Iron chlorophyllin, which was traditionally called bear bamboo extract

[Fig. 2]

As compared with [Chemical Formula 2], the function of chlorophyll is retained as it is, which is excellent. Therefore, chlorophyll, polysaccharides, lignin, dietary fiber (dietary fiber) extracted from bear bamboo extract , Vitamins A, B ₁ , B ₂ ,
It further enhances the medicinal effects of various kinds of histamines such as B ₆ , C, E and K, amino acids, minerals and other components as compared with the conventional bear bamboo extract containing iron chlorophyllin as a main component. By the way, chlorophyllin alkali salt is
Excretion to the outside of the body is prompt and it is necessary to increase the injection volume and frequency. That is, sodium chlorophyllin 2 times a day
Daily injections of 5 mg to 30 mg are required. Compared with that, the natural type chlorophyll having a phytyl group has a strong affinity transfer to tissue cells and excellent storability in the body, and the result is that chlorophyll 5 mg1 intramuscular injection continues its action for about 1 week. .

[0031]

[Brief description of drawings]

Figure 1: Structure diagram of pristine chlorophyll

FIG. 2 Structural diagram of iron chlorophyllin

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An alkaline aqueous solution is used as a treatment liquid, and while the treatment liquid is heated to 70 ° C. or higher and 80 ° C. or lower, bear bamboo leaves are introduced and heat-treated at the temperature for 10 to 15 minutes to form a bear bamboo leaf. Inactivates the chlorophyll-destroying enzyme contained and softens bear bamboo leaf fibers to facilitate permeation of alkaline components, and in combination with the inactivation, prevents chlorophyll browning due to oxidation and maintains and increases blue-green color. The dried leaves of bear bamboo leaves treated above were treated with high concentration of ethyl alcohol.
Bear bamboo leaf extract by extracting the components of bear bamboo leaf by appropriately immersing in bamboo shoot for an appropriate time, and separating the extract into ethyl alcohol and the extracted component to obtain bear bamboo extract containing chlorophyll as a main component. Extraction method.