JPH064994B2 - Excavation management method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial field of application) The present invention makes it possible to efficiently grasp excavation work by accurately grasping the ground condition when excavating a pile hole by rotating an excavator with a drive motor. The present invention relates to an excavation management method for managing the excavation.

(Prior Art) As is well known, when installing a foundation pile in the ground, it is necessary to accurately grasp the state of the ground so that a desired pile strength can be obtained.

Conventionally, in order to deal with this, test boring was performed by selecting a suitable portion of the construction site, and the ground condition of the construction site was estimated from these data.

Incidentally, in this test boring, a method of measuring the load current of the drive motor of the excavator along with the excavation time and grasping the state of the ground is also used.

(Problems to be solved by the invention) However, in the conventional test boring, since the actual pile hole forming portion and the location of the test boring are different,
The estimated ground structure may differ from the actual ground,
There is a problem of lack of accuracy.

Furthermore, even if we try to understand the state of the ground by the load current of the drive motor, which changes with time, the load current only shows a value proportional to the power, and even if the time required for excavation at a specific depth differs, There is a problem in that the current does not change and the hardness of the ground is not accurately shown.

The present invention has as its basic purpose to solve the above problems, and provides a digging management method capable of accurately grasping the ground at a pile hole digging position and performing digging work efficiently.

(Means for Solving the Problem) In order to achieve the above object, the excavation management method of the present invention is to excavate a pile hole by rotating an excavator with a drive motor,
The excavation depth and the load value composed of either the load current or the torque of the drive motor are detected for each unit time or continuously, and the time product of the load values is calculated corresponding to the excavation depth. It is characterized in that it is calculated by a circuit, this time product is displayed on the display means in relation to the excavation depth, and the excavation completion time point is controlled based on this display.

A CPU of a microcomputer can be used for the arithmetic circuit, and this output is displayed on a cathode ray tube, a liquid crystal display, and a display means such as a printer.

In the display on this display means, it is desirable to graph the time product of load values in relation to the excavation depth.

The pile hole excavation work is controlled based on this display.

That is, the time product of the excavation depth and the load value is visually recognized and grasped by the display means, and based on these displays,
The pile hole excavation is terminated when it is judged that the pile hole has sufficient strength. After that, in-situ piles will be constructed and ready-made piles will be installed by the usual method.

(Operation) According to the present invention, the load value of the drive motor is obtained together with the excavation depth at every unit time or continuously during excavation, and the time product of the load values corresponding to the excavation depth is obtained by the arithmetic circuit. This time product is different from a simple load value and has time as an element. Therefore, it is a value proportional to the amount of work, and a value reflecting the hardness of the ground can be obtained.
This numerical value is displayed by the display means in relation to the excavation depth, and the state of the ground can be easily grasped visually.

Therefore, excavation of pile holes can be performed without excess or deficiency, and high-quality piles can be efficiently constructed.

(Embodiment) An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, the outline of the entire excavation equipment used for carrying out this method will be described with reference to FIG.

An arm 2 is erected on a caterpillar-movable pile driving machine 1, and a wire 4 is hung up and down via a sheave 3 provided at the tip of the arm 2, and an auger machine is provided at the tip of the wire 4. 5 is connected. Auger machine 5
A box 7 accommodating the drive motor 6 is attached to the base end of the, and a rotary rod 8 rotatably driven by the drive motor 6 is hung below the box 7.

A drilling blade 9 is provided at the lower end of the rotary rod 8, and a large number of stirring rods 10 ... 10 are provided on the outer wall of the rotary rod 8 at predetermined intervals along the axial direction. Further, several kneading drums 11 are arranged.

Next, the control system of this device will be described with reference to FIG.

A load ammeter 12 for measuring the load current of the drive motor 6 is connected to the drive motor 6. Further, a pulse-type measuring device that generates a pulse by the rotation of the sheave 3 is arranged in proximity to the sheave 3. In this pulse type measuring instrument,
When the wire 4 moves 1 m due to the rotation of the sheave 3,
It generates 10 pulses (0.1 m per pulse) and functions as a depth gauge 13 for detecting the amount of descent of the overmachine 5, that is, the excavation depth.

A CPU 14 of a microcomputer is connected to the load ammeter 12 and the depth meter 13. further,
The CPU 14 is connected to a CRT 15 and a recording device 16 which are display means.

Next, the excavation control method in this device will be described with reference to FIG.

Move the pile driver 1 to the desired pile driving position, and drive the drive motor 6
While rotating the rotating rod 8 with, the auger machine 5 is gradually lowered through the wire 4.

The descending amount of the auger machine 5 is detected as the excavation depth by the depth gauge 13, and the depth is initially set to 0 at the position where the excavation blade 9 contacts the ground (step 1).

The load current of the drive motor 6 is continuously detected by the load ammeter 12, and the measured current when no load is applied is the initial current A.
_It is set as ₀ (step 2).

By continuing to lower the auger machine 5, the ground is excavated by the excavating blade 9, and the mud is stirred by the stirring rods 10 ... 10 while being kneaded on the wall surface of the pile hole 14 by the kneading drum 11.

At the time of excavation, the load on the drive motor 6 changes due to the hardness of the ground, and the load current changes accordingly.

The load current A and the depth D are the load ammeter 1 every 1 second.
2 and the depth meter 13 (step 3), and the output value is input to the CPU 14. The CPU 14 sends the load current A, the depth D, and the elapsed time from the start of excavation as data to the recording device 16 for recording and storage. Further, the load current A and the depth D are displayed as numerical values on the CRT 15 (step 4). Subsequently, the CPU 14 performs the following processing.

Next, it is determined whether or not the measured depth D exceeds the maximum excavation depth D _max measured during excavation work, that is, whether or not the pile hole has been dug (step 5). ). Here, in the case of D <D _max , that is, when the excavating blade is retracted from the deepest excavation position,
The process is returned to step 3, and the depth D and the current A are set every unit time.
Measure. In addition, in the state of D <D _max , it is considered that the measured current A does not contribute to the excavation. Therefore, it is desirable that the addition result is replaced with A ₀ in addition to the initial current A ₀ . In step 5, D> D _max
If the determination is made, that is, in the state where the excavation is in progress, the graphic display process of step 6 whose details are shown in FIG. 4 is performed, and the maximum excavation depth D _max is replaced with the measurement depth D (step 7 ), The process proceeds to step 8.

In addition, when it is determined in step 5 that D = D _max , that is, when excavation is performed at the same depth,
The process proceeds from step 5 directly to step 8.

In step 8, the measured current A is added to the integrated value S _A (D) of the current required for excavation 0.1 m at the depth D, and this is S
_While replacing with _A (D), 1 is added to the measurement frequency n (D) from the depth D-0.1 to the depth D.

After step 8, it is determined whether or not the process is to be ended. When the process is to be continued, the process is returned to step 3 and the process is repeated (step 9).

Next, the graphic display process of step 6 will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

On the graph screen, the vertical axis (Y) is set to the excavation depth, and the horizontal axis (X) is set to the integrated value of current. And the depth D-
0.1 as Y ₁ (step 61), and the excavation depth D-0.
In the case of 1, the integrated value of the current required for excavation 0.1 m (S
_{A (Y 1) -A 0 *} n (Y 1) is referred to as _{X 1} (step 62).

Further, the measurement depth D is set to Y ₂ (step 63), and when the excavation depth D is set, the integrated value of the current required for excavation 0.1 m (S
Let _A (Y ₂ ) −A ₀ * n (Y ₂ ) be X ₂ (step 64).

Using (X ₁ , Y ₁ ) and (X ₂ , Y ₂ ) thus obtained as coordinate points on the graph screen, the two are connected to create a graph (step 65).

The above graph processing is performed by the CPU 14, and its output is sent to the CRT 15. As shown in FIG. 5, the graph displayed on the CRT 15 shows the relationship between the excavation depth and the time product of the load current, and the time product increases or decreases according to the excavation depth. However, the keynote is that the time product tends to increase as the excavation depth increases.

In this way, if the time product increases, it means that the load current has increased at a specific depth, or that excavation at that depth has taken a long time, and the ground is in a solid state. Shows. Therefore, when the above time product reaches the desired value (preset according to the conditions of the pile driving place, etc.), the excavation is stopped assuming that the desired ground strength has been obtained, and the bottom end of the pile hole is supported. As the ground,
Build piles on site or install ready-made piles. The obtained pile is supported by the ground having the optimum strength, and the function as the pile is sufficiently fulfilled.

The data stored in the recording device 16 can be utilized as various data by recalling it. Further, in the above embodiment, the load current is used as it is as the load value, but because of the characteristics of the motor, the load value and the load current are in a relationship that is slightly deviated from the proportional relationship. It is desirable to perform processing. Further, since the load value corresponding to the load current also differs depending on the soil quality, it is possible to determine the ratio according to the excavated soil quality, multiply the load current by this ratio to obtain the load value, and display this as a graph.

In the above embodiment, the depth and the load current are measured at fixed time intervals, but they can also be measured continuously, and the CPU 14 can also calculate continuously. Is.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the load current of the drive motor is measured and the time product is obtained, but instead of this, the torque of the drive motor is measured and the time product can be obtained and displayed.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the excavation management method of the present invention, when excavating a pile hole by rotating the excavator with the drive motor, any of the excavation depth and the load current or torque of the drive motor. A load value composed of either one of them is detected for each unit time or continuously, and a time product of the load values is calculated by an arithmetic circuit in accordance with the excavation depth, and the time product is related to the excavation depth. In the above, since it is displayed by the display means and the excavation is controlled based on this display, it is possible to know the accurate ground condition in real time during the actual excavation of the pile hole. In addition to that, there is an effect that a pile hole suitable for a pile can be efficiently excavated.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing excavation work in one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the same control system, and FIG.
The figure is the same flowchart showing the procedure of excavation work, No. 4
The figure is also a flowchart showing in detail some processing steps,
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between excavation depth and time product of load current. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Pile driver, 5 ... Auger machine 6 ... Drive motor, 12 ... Load ammeter 13 ... Depth meter, 14 ... CPU 15 ... CRT, 16 ... Recording device

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. When excavating a pile hole by rotating an excavator with a drive motor, the excavation depth and the load value composed of either the load current or the torque of the drive motor are set for each unit time or continuously. Detected, the time product of the load values is calculated by an arithmetic circuit in accordance with the excavation depth, the time product is displayed on the display means in relation to the excavation depth, and excavation is performed based on this display. Excavation management method characterized by controlling completion time 2. The excavation management method according to claim 1, wherein the display means comprises either a cathode ray tube or a liquid crystal display.