JPH0657909B2 - Method for manufacturing fibrillated fabric - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for producing a fabric which gives a texture and a surface appearance having a soft feeling similar to that of natural fiber, and can provide a dense fibrillated cloth having a compact feeling. .

Conventionally, a synthetic fiber, for example, a fabric made of a filament of polyester, has a feeling that it is larger than a natural fiber such as silk, cotton, or hemp because of its large single yarn fiber and simple cross-sectional shape. The gloss was monotonous, and because it was plastic, it felt cold and of poor quality.

Recently, in order to improve these drawbacks, the cross-section of the fiber is modified,
Various crimping processes, composite fibers, and the like have been tried, but the objectives have not been achieved yet. Recent advances in fibrillating technology for synthetic fibers have made it possible to fabricate fibrillated fibers. One example of such a technique is shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 53-35633 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-16231. As a specific example, a composite type polyester filament made of polyamide and polyester is benzyl alcohol having a swelling ability for polyamide. Although there is a method of making fibrils by such treatments, there are the following problems in implementation, and the actual situation is that there are restrictions in operation.

1) According to the method of Japanese Patent Publication No. 53-35633, a knitted fabric is treated with an emulsified aqueous solution having a benzyl alcohol concentration of 1.5% or more. In this case, residual benzyl alcohol in the treated knitted fabric is removed. Since it is difficult to be applied, stains frequently occur, which is actually not desirable as a product. In addition, since the drug is expensive, there are economic restrictions. When using a higher concentration, a great deal of cost is required for the liquid waste treatment of the drug (benzyl alcohol).

2) According to the method of Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-16231, for example, polyvinyl alcohol is applied to a knitted fabric and then treated with benzyl alcohol to form a fibril. However, in this case, since it is impossible to make the adhesion of polyvinyl alcohol to the knitted fabric uniform, the knitted fabric obtained by the method is likely to cause uneven dyeing by dyeing, which is not preferable in terms of quality. In addition, the processing steps of this method are complicated and the cost is high.

3) Due to the swelling action of benzyl alcohol on the polyamide, the polyamide constituting the composite fiber is largely shrunk in the lengthwise direction and becomes too dense on the cloth, and its adjustment becomes difficult. Further, when the chemical remains on the cloth, there is a problem that the texture becomes hard during heat setting of the knitted fabric.

The present inventors have improved the above-mentioned drawbacks, provided the surface of the fabric with a soft feeling similar to natural fibers and a surface appearance with an elegant luster, and have a moderate shrinkage to give a dense and almost uneven dyeing. The present invention has been achieved as a result of earnest studies for the purpose of obtaining a fabric material that does not easily occur, and providing a manufacturing method that is industrially advantageous in terms of drug cost, process, and the like.

That is, the present invention is a method for producing a fibrillated fabric in which a fabric containing a split-peeling multi-composite filament consisting of a polyester part and a polyamide part is treated under a wet condition, and the composite filament is highly split and fibrillated. Hot water of 95 ° C or higher and lower than 130 ° C containing benzoic acid in an amount of 0.6% by weight or more and 3% by weight or less and having a surfactant added so as to be in an emulsified state with a light transmittance of 6% or less The method for producing a fibrillated fabric is characterized in that the fabric is treated with a collision and / or stirring action to treat the fabric, and further treated with an alkaline aqueous solution.

The split release type multi-composite filament comprising a polyester part and a polyamide part used in the present invention refers to a multifilament in which the polyester part and the polyamide part have a cross section as shown in FIG. 1 as an example within a single filament.

The main component of the polyester, which is one component of the composite filament, is an ethylene terephthalate unit, and if necessary, the other component may be copolymerized in an amount of about 15 mol% or less. Other components include diethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, cyclohexanedimethanol, isophthalic acid,
Copolymer components such as sulfoisophthalic acid and polyalkylene glycol can be mentioned, and further, additives (eg pigment, carbon, silica etc.), antistatic agent (eg polyethylene glycol, terminal A polyalkylene glycol, dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid or the like), a flame retardant or a dyeability improving agent. Polyamide, which is one component of the composite component, includes nylon 4, nylon 6, nylon 66,
Examples thereof include aliphatic polyamide such as nylon 10 and aromatic polyamide such as polyxylene adipamide and polyhexamethylene phthalamide. Examples of the cloth including the composite filament referred to in the present invention include those obtained by using the composite filament in either or both of the weft yarns and the warp yarns into a woven fabric or a knitted fabric.

The surfactant used in the present invention may be any of anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, etc., but it reduces the solubility of benzoic acid used in the treatment liquid in water. It is desirable that they have a function of emulsifying and dispersing.

That is, originally, benzoic acid is easily soluble in hot water, and when dissolved in hot water, it has no swelling effect on the composite filament and it is impossible to highly shrink the fabric. According to the inference by the present inventors, in the state where benzoic acid is completely dissolved in water, as is known by the dyeing principle of polyester and disperse dye, the benzoic acid of benzoic acid is added to the water phase according to the same law of distribution ratio. It is thought that this is because benzoic acid is hard to partition into a system of hydrophobic phase such as polyester and polyamide, which has a large partitioning. Therefore, in an emulsion-dispersed state in which benzoic acid has a low solubility in water, in a two-phase system of water-polyester / polyamide, the distribution into the polyester / polyamide phase becomes large, and as a result, the affinity of benzoic acid for polyester and polyamide is increased. It is thought that the fibrils became possible because the swelling increased and the swelling and contraction became easy.

The concentration of the treatment liquid of benzoic acid needs to be 0.6% by weight or more, and if it is lower than 0.6% by weight, the sufficient effect of the present invention cannot be obtained. The upper limit of the treatment concentration is preferably 3% by weight, and if it exceeds the upper limit, the emulsified dispersion of benzoic acid becomes unstable, which is inconvenient in terms of handleability.

The turbidity of the aqueous solution in which benzoic acid is emulsified and dispersed by the method of the present invention is preferably at most 6% in terms of light transmittance at a measurement temperature of 70 ° C. and a wavelength of 400 mμ. If it exceeds 6.0%, there is no effect of swelling / shrinkage due to benzoic acid for the reason described above, and the fabric has a large soft feeling, and a dense fabric is not obtained, which is inconvenient.

The transmittance in the present invention is 100- manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.
It measured on the following conditions using the 40 type spectrophotometer.

Measurement cell: Liquid tank 10 mm square quartz Control solution: Distilled water, Light source: Tungsten lamp Wavelength: 400 mμ Measurement temperature: 70 ° C. The treatment temperature with the emulsified aqueous solution of benzoic acid according to the present invention must be 95 ° C. or higher. When the temperature is lower than 95 ° C., the swelling / shrinkage is small and it is difficult to form a dense fabric, and it is not possible to have the feeling of softness, which is the object of the present invention. Further, the upper limit temperature is required to be 130 ° C., and at 130 ° C. or higher, the degree of polymerization of polyamide, which is one component of the composite filament constituting the cloth used in the present invention, is lowered, and the strength of the cloth is reduced. It is inconvenient because it decreases.

In the method of the present invention, it is necessary to collide and disturb the cloth with the emulsified aqueous solution of benzoic acid. As such a processing machine, a high pressure liquid flow machine and a high pressure washer machine are preferable. A high-pressure liquid flow machine is suitable for a fabric that is prone to wrinkles. The continuous reflex machine does not have the above-mentioned collision and disturbance effects, and cannot be fibrillated.
Not suitable.

Furthermore, in the method of the present invention, after the fabric is collided with the emulsified aqueous solution of benzoic acid to give a disturbing effect, sodium carbonate,
A method of immersion treatment with an alkaline aqueous solution such as sodium hydroxide is used. As an effect in this case, the benzoic acid remaining on the surface of the fabric is neutralized and dissolved to be removed, and
By completely eliminating the unpeeled part of the boundary line between the polyester part and the polyamide part, a soft feeling similar to the feel of natural fiber is large, level dyeability and benzoic acid are substantially removed. It is possible to obtain a fabric that is free from the harmful effects of acid. The alkaline concentration of the alkaline aqueous solution used at this time is preferably in the range of PH 11 to 13 as the hydrogen ion concentration. If it is less than PH11, it is not sufficient to neutralize and dissolve and remove the benzoic acid remaining on the fabric, which is inconvenient. If it exceeds PH13, the polyester part will be dissolved and the weight will be greatly reduced, and the fabric may be sagged, which is not preferable. As the treatment temperature, a temperature of 40 ° C. or lower is preferable from the viewpoint of the effects of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the method of the present invention will be described by way of examples, and matters necessary for carrying out the method will be described. The method of the present invention is
It is not limited to the scope of the following examples. Note that dr / f in the examples represents the number of denier / filament,
[Η] (intrinsic viscosity) is tetrachloroethane: phenol =
It is a value of intrinsic viscosity (dl / g) measured at 30 ° C. using a mixed solvent of 1: 1.

Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 Nylon 6 of [η] 1.23 and polyethylene terephthalate (abbreviated as PET) of [η] 0.68 were used, and the composite ratio of nylon 6 / PET was 1/2. And its cross section is shown in Fig. 1. Nylon 6 has 5 layers, P
Spinning temperature is 290 ° C so that ET is a 6-layer laminated type
The unstretched yarn of the take-up separation separation type composite filament was obtained under the spinning conditions of spinning speed 1010 m / min. Next, this unstretched yarn was brought into contact with a heat roller at 77 ° C. and a heat plate at 150 ° C. and drawn 3.49 times to obtain a composite filament of 75 dr / 24f. Taffeta was woven using this filament. This greige density is 90 warps / inch, 86 wefts
It was a book / inch. After the desizing process of this taffeta, the first
Under the conditions of the bath composition shown in the table, the treatment was carried out at 120 ° C. for 30 minutes using a liquid flow type treatment apparatus at a bath ratio of 10: 1. 2 g of sodium hydroxide / (PH about 13) at room temperature 2
The treatment was carried out for 0 minutes. Then, rinse thoroughly with water and press 1
Dyeing was performed by heat treatment at 70 ° C. with a pin tenter.
Table 1 shows the results of the degree of fibrillation, the area shrinkage rate, the feel (soft feeling), and the uneven dyeing. The following dyeing conditions were used for the above dyeing.

staining: The degree of fibrillation is the degree of separation and peeling of the composite two components evaluated by observing the warp and the weft constituting the treated fabric with an optical microscope, and the evaluation criteria are as follows.

Evaluation of fibrillation degree As for the area shrinkage, the area shrinkage after the treatment was measured and the swelling and shrinkability was investigated as shown below.

S ₁ : Shrinkage rate (%) in the warp direction of the fabric l ₀ : Length in the warp direction before treatment l ₁ : length in warp direction after treatment S ₂ : shrinkage ratio (%) in weft direction of woven fabric l ₂ : length in weft direction before treatment l ₃ : length in the latitudinal direction after treatment In Table 1, a condition that the surfactant is not added as a bath composition (Comparative Example 1), a condition that benzoic acid is not added (Comparative Example 2), and a surfactant are shown. The results of a state in which both benzoic acids are not added (Comparative Example 3) and a state in which benzoic acid is changed to benzyl alcohol which is generally used conventionally (Comparative Example 4) are also shown.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a split peel type composite filament used in the present invention. In the drawing,
The blank portion indicates the polyester portion and the shaded portion indicates the polyamide portion.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Isao Tokunaga 1621 Sakurazu, Kurashiki-shi, Okayama Prefecture Kuraray Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Masanori Sato 1621 Satsuki, Kurashiki-shi, Okayama Uchi, Kuraray Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Shinji Yamaguchi 1621 Sakata, Kurashiki City, Okayama Prefecture Kuraray Co., Ltd. (56) Reference JP-A-56-73168 (JP, A) JP-B 39-933 (JP, B1) JP-B 53-35633 (JP, B1)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A method for producing a fibrillated fabric, which comprises treating a fabric containing a split-peelable multi-composite filament consisting of a polyester part and a polyamide part under wet conditions to highly separate and exfoliate the fibril into a fibrillated fabric. In hot water of 95 ° C or higher and lower than 130 ° C, containing benzoic acid in an amount of 0.6% by weight or more and 3% by weight or less and having a surfactant added so as to be in an emulsified state with a light transmittance of 6% or less. A process for producing a fibrillated fabric, which comprises subjecting the fabric to collision and / or stirring to treat the fabric, and further treating the fabric with an alkaline aqueous solution.