JPH0664471B2 - Automatic accompaniment device - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an automatic accompaniment apparatus capable of performing a wide variety of automatic accompaniments with a small amount of stored information.

"Conventional technology" Root notes and chords (chords) from the key depression data of the accompaniment keyboard
Has been developed, and an automatic accompaniment apparatus for performing automatic accompaniment based on the detection result and the selected rhythm pattern has been developed.

By the way, a conventional automatic accompaniment apparatus is one that simply engraves a rhythm at the same pitch corresponding to a rhythm pattern, or one that performs a bass tone performance that changes based on the pitch information that is stored in advance together with a chord accompaniment (Patent Document 1) (Sho 59-140495).

"Problems to be Solved by the Invention" However, the above-described conventional device has the following drawbacks. That is, a musical tone pitch that has only the same pitch has a small change in musical tone, and a musical pitch type memory that has a large amount of pattern memory. Especially in the latter case, in order to perform a more musical automatic accompaniment, it is desirable to change not only the bass sound but also each of the notes that make up the chord.
This causes a problem that the amount of pitch information stored becomes enormous.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide an automatic accompaniment apparatus capable of performing a variety of chord accompaniment with a small amount of stored information.

"Means for Solving Problems" The present invention relates to a clock generating means for generating a clock signal, and pattern data data for instructing a tone generation in each performance tine mig based on the clock signal and a pitch mode of a generated chord. Pattern data storage means, a chord designating means for designating a chord to be played, a pitch mode storage means for storing pitch information of a plurality of notes according to the pitch mode and chord type, and the clock signal. When the pronunciation is instructed by the read pattern data, the plural pattern data are read from the voice mode storage means in accordance with the pitch mode corresponding to the instruction and the type of the chord instructed by the chord designating means. Of the pitch information of each of the plurality of pitch information, and the creation of the sound data that constitutes the chord to be generated based on the plurality of pitch information It is characterized in that it is provided with means and tone generating means for generating a chord based on each sound data supplied from this sound data creating means.

[Operation] According to the above configuration, the sound data creating means sequentially reads the pattern data based on the clock signal, and when the read pattern data is instructed to sound, the pitch mode and the chord corresponding to the instruction. According to the chord type designated by the designating means, a plurality of pitch information is read out from the voice mode storage means, and a chord to be generated is constructed based on the plurality of pitch information.

Therefore, the pattern data itself is a small amount of data,
In addition, a variety of performances can be performed, and the capacity of the memory for storing data for accompaniment tones can be greatly saved as compared with the conventional type that stores pitch information.

[Examples] Examples of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

(1: Configuration of Embodiment) FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 is a keyboard unit, a plurality of keys, a plurality of key switches for detecting the on / off state of each key, and an interface for supplying a key code of each key switch to a bus line B. It is composed of a circuit. Here, FIG. 2 shows the correspondence between keys and key codes. Fig. 2 shows the key code in decimal notation. As can be seen from this figure, the key code value changes by 1 for each semitone, and the C ₃ note is the key code "6".
It is 0 ”.

2 is a CPU (central processing unit) that controls each part of the device, and 3 is a CPU
The program memory 2 in which the program 2 is stored is a working memory 4 in which various registers and flags are set. The registers and flags in the working memory 4 will be described later.

Next, reference numeral 5 is a pattern memory in which pattern data RPD used when generating accompaniment sounds of rhythm sounds and chords is stored. In this case, the pattern memory 5 stores in advance a large number of pattern data RPD corresponding to the rhythm type (samba, slow rock, etc.) and chord time. The format of this pattern data RPD is shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, the pattern data is composed of 26 bytes of data, and each byte has a relative address "-2", "-1", "0", "1", ...
2 ”and“ 23 ”are set. The data at each address will be described below.

Address "-2": 8-bit table select data TBLSEL designating one of the tables # 0, # 1 ... Shown in FIG. 4 is stored at this address. The tables # 0, # 1 ... Are stored in the table memory 6.

Address "-1": In this address, delay time data is stored which indicates a shift time when the constituent tones of a chord that should originally be played at the same time as the chord accompaniment are slightly shifted and sounded. This data shows that when the strings are played at the same time as a whole, such as when playing a guitar stroke, the actual timing of the strings is slightly deviated (the 6th string side is fast and the 1st string side is slow, or vice versa).
It is used when reproducing.

Addresses "0" to "23": In each of these addresses, the sounding mode instruction data PD indicating the pitch mode and the key-on mode of the chord are stored from 0th to 47th. Thus it is the sound mode instruction data PD ₀ -PD _{4 7} 48 is stored, one measure (4 beats) In this example 48 divided, and to perform the sound control in each division timing Because. This pronunciation mode instruction data PD is 16
It is 4-bit data represented by (0) _H (F) _H in the binary notation, and is sequentially used in 4-bit units according to each sounding timing. Here, FIG. 5 shows the relationship between the content and the instructed pronunciation mode.

In FIG. 5, “Normal” is a normal key-on mode in which sound is generated at the division timing, and “Tie key-on” is a note (chord constituent note) at any of the division timings. When the note is connected to a constituent sound (see FIG. 17) (see FIG. 17), the note is not re-pronounced but the previous note is continuously extended. The "delay key on" is a mode in which a performance is performed using the delay time data described above. The numerical value on the upper horizontal axis of the figure is the pitch mode number TEBNO, and indicates any of the pitch modes set in each table shown in FIG. Here, in Table # 0, TEBNO “0” indicates the pitch relation of the normal chord constituent tones determined by the chord type, and TEBNO “1” indicates the pitch relation of the chord constituent tones including the 9th (nine) note. TEBNO “2” indicates the pitch relationship in which each tone of the normal chord constituent tone is lowered by a semitone. In the table # 1, the pitch mode number TEBNO "0" indicates the pitch relation of the normal chord constituent tones, and the "1" indicates the pitch relation obtained by lowering each tone of the normal chord constituent tones by a semitone. in this way,
The function of the pitch mode number TEBNO is arbitrarily set by the number of the selected table.

The chord type symbol shown in FIG. 4 is a general chord type symbol. For example, M is major and m is m.
Indicates minor, sus indicates suspension, Aug indicates augment, dim indicates diminish, and numbers indicate Seventh or Sixth. These code types are designated by hexadecimal codes 1 to D. ch indicates a tone generation channel, and in this embodiment, three channels ch0 to ch2 are used to perform automatic accompaniment with a plurality of tones. Numerical values “0” to “255” (decimal display) described in the column of each sound generation channel ch in FIG. 4 are key codes.

Further, the content of the pronunciation mode instruction data PD is (1) _H (C) _H
In the case of, the pitch mode number TEBNO is instructed as described above, but when (0) _H, the key-off is instructed, and (F) _H
In case of, instruct to keep the previous state without doing anything.
Note that (D) _H , (E) _H of the contents of the pronunciation mode instruction data PD
Is not used in this embodiment (see FIG. 5).

The above is the function of each data in the pattern, and a plurality of pattern data according to the format shown in FIG. 3 are stored corresponding to the rhythm type and the chord type. The addresses "-2" and "-1" are headers of pattern data.

Next, 7 in FIG. 1 is a tempo clock generator, which outputs to the CPU 2 a tempo clock TP having a constant cycle which is the basis of the tempo of the automatic performance sound. CPU2 is interrupted by this tempo clock TP. In this case, the tempo clock
The cycle of TP is supplied from the CPU 2 via the bus line B and is determined according to the tempo data TD.

Reference numeral 8 is a timer, which supplies a pulse signal of a constant cycle to the CPU 2 as an interrupt signal. The timer 8 is used for keeping the set delay time in the performance using the delay time data (see FIG. 3).

A switch group 10 is composed of a rhythm selection switch, a rhythm start / stop switch, a tone color selection switch, various effect selection switches, and the like. Reference numeral 12 denotes a tone generator, which generates musical tones corresponding to the key performance of the player based on key-on / key-off information issued from the CPU 2 in accordance with key depression / key release of the keyboard circuit 1 and accompaniment chords based on the pattern data RPD. Occur.
Further, the tone generator 12 has a percussion-type rhythm sound source, and generates a rhythm sound corresponding to the selected rhythm in accordance with the tempo clock TP.

Here, the main ones of the various registers and flags in the working memory 4 described above will be described.

Flag RUN: "1" is written when running with automatic accompaniment, and "0" is written when stopped.

Register CLK: This is a register in which the count number of the tempo clock TP is written, and values of “0” to “47” are cyclically written for each bar.

Registers DL1 and DL: registers for measuring the delay times of the channels ch1 and ch2, in which the delay time data shown in FIG. 3 is written. In the delay performance, the timer 8 subtracts each time the clock is output, and when the contents of the register DL1, DL2 become 0, the sound generation of the corresponding channel is permitted.

Key code buffer KCBUF: A register in which the key code of the depressed key is written and is provided in plural.

Register CHD: A register to which chord information is written,
When the CPU 2 detects the chord type and the root note from the key code of the accompaniment keyboard, the chord type data is written in the upper 4 bits and the root note data is written in the lower 4 bits. The root note data is the data of "0", "1", ... "11", and C
Sound, C # sound, ... Corresponds to B sound. The code type data is data corresponding to the code type shown in FIG. 4,
"1" according to Major M, Minor m, Seventh 7th, etc.
~ It is the data of "13".

Register TCHD: A register in which the above chord information is temporarily stored.

Register ROOT: A register in which the root note data is temporarily stored.

Register TYPE: A register that stores code type data.

Register CHK: This is a register that stores the performance value of CLK.MOD.12. Here, CLK.MOD.12 is the remainder of the quotient obtained by dividing the contents of the register CLK by 12. This CLK.MOD.12 expresses the timing within one beat.

Register TBLSEL.R: A register into which table select data (see FIG. 3) TBLSEL is written.

Register DLYTM: A register into which delay time data (see FIG. 3) is written.

Address pointer PNT: A pointer indicating an address in the pattern format shown in FIG.

Registers DT and NDT: Each is a register into which the tone generation mode instruction data PD is written, the tone generation mode instruction data PDn at that time is written to the register DT, and the tone generation mode instruction data PDn _{+ 1 at the} next timing is written to the register NDT. Written.

Register KEY _{0 to 2:} a key code buffers are provided corresponding to the sound channel ch0~ch2 tone generator 12. This register KEY ₀ ~KEY sound channel ch0~ch2 by the key code to be written in ₂ pitch of drum sounds is determined.

Registers OKEY _{0 to 2} : Registers storing the previous values of the registers KEY _{0 to 2} .

When flag MODE: "0", channel chi ( _{i = 1 to 2} )
Instruct the normal key-on mode in which a new key code is newly written in and the key is turned on. When it is "1", a sounding process for switching only the key code to a sounding channel that is already in the sounding state (details of this process are described later) is instructed.

Register RTKEY: A register to which a key code in which the range of the root note data in the register ROOT is converted is written.

The above are the main registers and flags provided in the working memory 4.

(2: Operation of Embodiment) Next, the operation of this embodiment having the above-described configuration will be described.

The operation of this embodiment is basically an automatic accompaniment to chord a chord (three notes) according to the rhythm. Further, in this embodiment, since the sound generation processing differs depending on the key-on mode, each key-on mode will be described below.

A: Normal Main Routine "MAIN" FIG. 6 is a flow chart showing the main routine of this embodiment. First, when the power is turned on, each moving register and flags (KLBUF, RUN, DL1, DL2, etc.) in the working memory 4 are cleared as an initial process, and then the process proceeds to step P2 and thereafter.

In step SP2, it is determined whether or not the start switch in the switch group 10 has an on event.
Here, an event means that the state of a switch or a key has changed, and there are an on event that changes from off to on and an off event that changes from on to off. When the on event of the start switch is detected in step SP2, the value of the flag RUN is inverted in step SP3. By the processing of steps SP2 and SP3, the value of the flag RUN is inverted every time the start switch is pressed.
Next, in step SP4, it is determined whether or not the flag RUN is "1", and if "NO", it is an instruction to stop the automatic accompaniment running. Therefore, the process proceeds to step SP5 and the tone generator 1
Turn off channel 2 ch0 to ch2, and turn off all rhythm sounds (percussion, etc ..
If "YES" is determined in step SP4, it means that the start of automatic accompaniment driving is instructed.
Move to SP6 and clear the registers CLK, DL1 and DL2 to prepare for the start of automatic accompaniment. After the processing of steps SP5 and SP6, the process moves to step SP7 and it is determined whether or not the rhythm selection is changed. On the other hand, if the determination in step SP2 is "NO", that is, if the start switch remains on or off, the process of steps SP3 to SP5 is not performed, and
Reach SP7. When the determination in step SP7 is "YES", the data is changed to data indicating the changed rhythm type (step SP
8) In step SP9, it is determined whether the flag RUN is "1". If this determination is “YES”, it means that the rhythm type has been switched during the automatic accompaniment running.
At 10, the pronunciation of the accompaniment by the previously selected rhythm type is stopped, and the accompaniment by the newly selected rhythm is prepared, and then, at step SP116, the presence or absence of a key event is determined. On the other hand, if the determination in step SP9 is "NO", it means that the automatic accompaniment has not been performed continuously from before, or the automatic accompaniment should be stopped in step SP3.
This is the case when the flag RUN is cleared in. Therefore, the channels ch0 to c already in the tone generator 12 are
Since the pronunciation of h2 is stopped, the process of step SP10 is not performed, and the determination of step SP11 is performed immediately. Step SP
The determination of 11 is performed by the CPU 2 observing the change in the key code supplied from the keyboard circuit 1. If there is no key event, the process proceeds to step SP12, the tone color and volume are set and changed according to the operation of other switches in the switch group 10, the process returns to step SP2 again, and the above processes are repeated.

On the other hand, if there is a key event, the subroutine "KE
Move to "Y ・ EVT" processing.

Subroutine “KEY · EVT” First, in step SPa1, the key code issued from the keyboard circuit 1 is written in the key code buffer KCBUF. When a plurality of key codes are issued, they are assigned to each key code buffer KCBUF according to a predetermined assignment process. Then, the process proceeds to step SPa2, and the sounding process of the key having the event is performed. This tone generation processing is performed by a tone generation channel different from the channels ch0 to ch2 of the tone generator 12. That is, this sounding is a direct sounding process corresponding to the key depression different from the chord performance during the melody performance. Next, in step SPa3, the chord type and root note are detected based on the key code in the key code buffer KCBUF, and these are written in the register TCHD. Then, in step SPa4, the performance of CLK.MOD.12, that is, the operation of dividing the contents of the register CLK by 12 to obtain the remainder is performed, and the operation result is written in the register CHK. The result of this calculation indicates the timing within one beat as described above. Here, the content of the register CLK is reset to “0” at the start of the automatic accompaniment start, but every time the tempo clock generator 7 generates the tempo clock TP, the contents of the subroutine CLK · ERQ (see FIG. 12) are changed. It is incremented by 1 by the processing, and the timing (“0”-
"47"). When the processing of step SPa4 is completed, the processing moves to step SPa5 and the content of the register CHK becomes 1
It is judged whether or not it is ~ 3. This determination is whether or not the timing of the key event is within 1/4 of the timing of the beginning of the beat. If this determination is “YES”, the data in the register TCHD is written in the register CHD. The data (root note data + chord type data) written in this register TCHD is used for the following sound generation processing. On the other hand, if the determination in step SPa5 is "NO", the process returns to the main routine "MAIN" and is written in the register CHD at the start timing of the next beat (see step SPd4 in FIG. 12). That is, when a key event occurs at the beginning of a beat, the changed root note data and chord type data of the chord are immediately written to the register CHD and used for the automatic accompaniment pronunciation process. If it occurs in a portion other than the portion, the root note data and chord type data of the changed chord are written in the register CHD after waiting until the beginning timing of the next beat. This is to avoid the fact that if the chord of the automatic accompaniment changes in the middle of a beat, it becomes unnatural musically.

When the processing of step SPa6 is completed, the root note data and the chord type data in the register CHD are written in the register ROOT and the register TYPE, respectively (see steps SPa7 and SPa8), and the processing of the "subroutine PAT.CHG" is carried out.

"Subroutine PAT / CHG" This processing is, in the case where there is a key event, processing for matching the automatic accompaniment performed before that with the automatic accompaniment based on the new key event.

First, in step SPb1, the pattern data RPD to be played next is read based on the selected rhythm type and the contents of the register TYPE, and written in the register PAT. Then, in step SPb2, the table select data TBLSEL at the address "-2" and the delay time data (see FIG. 3) at the address "-1" of the read pattern data RPD are respectively registered in the register TBLSEL.R and the register TBLSEL.R. Write to DLYTM. Next, the value of the register CLK, that is, the count value of the clock at that time is written in the pointer PNT (step SPb3), and it is determined whether the calculated value of NPMT.MOD.2 is "0" (step SPb4). . This calculation is the clock count value (CLK value) at that point.
Is an operation for checking whether it is an even number or an odd number, and when it is “0”, it is an even number. If it is an even number, step SPb5
Then, the tone generation mode instruction data PD in the lower 4 bits of the address "PNT / 2" of the pattern data RPD is written in the register DT. If the operation in step SPb4 is odd, the process proceeds to step SPb6, and the tone generation mode instruction data PD in the upper 4 bits of the address ((PNT-1) / 2 "of the pattern data RPD is written in the register DT. The processing of the steps SPb4 to SPb6 performed is processing for matching the clock count value with the number of the sound generation mode instruction data PD. For example, when the clock count value written in the pointer PNT is "1", the address "0" is set. Of the sound generation mode instruction data PD _{1 in} the upper 4 bits of the address 23 is selected, and when the clock count value is “46”, the sound generation mode instruction data PD _{4 6 in} the lower 4 bits of the address 23 is selected (the third value). In the above process, when the tone generation mode instruction data PD corresponding to the clock count value is written in the register DT, the process proceeds to step SPb7 and the content of the register DT is (F ) It is determined whether or not it is _H , that is, whether or not it is an instruction to “do nothing.” If this determination is “YES”,
The value of the pointer PNT is subtracted, and the processing after step SPb4 is performed again through step SPb9. This process is a register
It continues until the content of DT becomes something other than (F) _H.
Then, when data other than (F) _H is detected, the process proceeds to step SPb11, and it is determined whether or not the content of the register DT is "0", that is, whether or not the data indicates key-off. If this judgment is "YES", register KEY
_If the content of _0-2 is "0", the main routine "MAIN"
Return to (see FIG. 6), and if not "0", key off all channels 0 to 2 of tone generator 12 (steps SPb16, SPb17) and register KEY
Return after clearing _0-2 .

Here, the above-mentioned steps SPb4 to SPb11 and step S
The meaning of the series of processing of Pb15 to SP17 will be described.

Now, assume that the chord C major is changed to the chord F major at the start timing of the third beat, as shown in FIG. Due to this change, the pattern data RPD corresponding to the newly read chord measure is displayed on the musical score in the 9th position.
It is assumed that it is as shown in FIG. When this musical score is used as the pronunciation mode instruction data, it becomes as shown in FIG. 10, for example. Here, since the value of the register CLK at the leading timing of the third beat is "24", the value written in the pointer PNT in step SPb3 is "24". Then, by the processing of step SPb4 → SPb5 → SPb7, step
Value pronunciation mode instruction data PD _{2 4} In SPb7 is (F)
_It is determined whether it is _H or not. In this case, since it is (F) _H , the determination is “YES”. By the way, since the meaning of (F) _H is "do nothing", if the key-on is instructed before that, the sound generation is continued, and if the key-off is instructed, the mute state must be maintained. Therefore, when the tone generation mode instruction data PD at a certain timing is (F) _H, it is unknown what tone control should be newly performed. For this reason, it is necessary to search for the pronunciation mode instruction data at timings before that other than (F) _H. The processing of steps SPb4 to SPb10 is
This is the process of performing this search. Now, in the above example, since the sound mode instruction data PD _{2 4} is (F) _H,
Examining the previous sound mode instruction data PD _{2 3,} (0)
_Since it is _H, it is understood that the mute must be maintained at the clock count value "24". This mute determination corresponds to the case where “YES” is determined in step SPb11.

By the way, it is assumed that the pattern data RPD at the time of accompaniment of the chord C major before the key event is represented as shown in FIG. In this case, since the mute is instructed by the clock count value "23" as shown in the figure, the contents of the registers KEY _{0 to 2} at this point are all "0" for the mute instruction. Has become. That is, the sound mode of the clock count value “24” is
It is the same before the change ((c) in the figure) and after the change ((b) in the figure). In such a case, the determination in step SPb15 is "YES", and the sound generation control process is not performed and the process directly returns.

On the other hand, it is assumed that the pattern data RPD at the time of accompaniment of the chord C major before the key event is represented as shown in FIG. In this case, as shown in the figure,
With the clock count value "23", it is necessary to continue the sound pronounced on the second beat. Therefore, register KEY
₀ to ₂ is the key code (dot 4
Each key code of a quarter note is written. However, it is necessary to mute the clock count value "24" (third beat) after changing the chord (see (b) in the figure).
Therefore, in such a case, the process proceeds to step SPb16 and the tone generation channels ch0 to ch2 of the tone generator 12 are processed.
Key to turn off the sound, and register KEY _0-2
After clearing, return (step SPb17).

The above is steps SPb4 to SPb11 and steps SPb15 to SP.
It means the processing of b17.

The processing of steps SPb11 to SPb17 is the processing when the mute is instructed in the changed timing, but conversely, the sound may be instructed. in this case,
The processing of steps SPb11 to SPb14 is performed. This process will be described below.

When the tone generation mode instruction data PD at the relevant timing in the changed pattern data is other than (F) _H and (0) _H , and the tone generation mode instruction data PD detected by tracing back from the relevant timing is other than (0) _H. In this case, the pronunciation is instructed after the change. In this case, since the determination in step SPb11 is "NO", step SPb12
Is determined. This determination is the same as the determination of step SPb15 described above, and in the case of "YES", the pattern data before change is muted at that timing. Further, in the case of "NO", the sound is produced at the timing according to the pattern data before the change. When the determination in step SPb12 is "YES", the flag MODE is set to "0".
Is written, and if "NO", "1" is written in the flag MODE (steps SPb13, 14). After this process, the process of the subroutine "PAT / KEY" is started. The tone generation process is performed in this subroutine.

Subroutine "PAT KEY (normal)" This subroutine is a subroutine for controlling the tone generation channels ch0 to ch2 of the tone generator 12.
However, the processing is different in each of the cases where the key-on mode shown in FIG. 5 is "normal", "tie key-on", and "delay key-on". Therefore, the case of "normal" will be described here.

First, in step SPc1 shown in FIG. 11, (DT-
1) MOD.4 operation is performed and the operation result is registered in the register TBLNO.R.
Write in. This calculation is a calculation for converting the value of the tone generation mode instruction data PD into the pitch mode number TBLNO (see FIG. 5). Next, in step SPc2, an operation for converting the value of the tone generation mode instruction data PD into a key-on mode number, that is, INT {(DT-1) / 4} is performed, and the calculation result is written in the register KONTP. At step SPc3, the value of the register KEYi (i = 0 to 2) is written to the register OKEYi. At this point, the processing of step SPc3 is performed on the channel ch.
This is a process of writing the previous key code generated in 0 to 2 into the register OKEY having the same number. Next, in step SPc4, the range of the root note is set to G by the calculation shown.
₃ Change in to F # _3, a process is executed to write the root note of the changed in the register RTKEY. An example of this processing is shown. Register now
If the root note data in ROOT is “0” indicating C note, (RO
OT + 5) .MOD.12 is calculated as “5”, and when “55” is added to this, it becomes “60”. Key code "60" as shown in Figure 2, a key code of the C ₃ sounds.

Next, in step SPc5, the table matching the select number in the register TBLSEL.R (set in step SPb2) is read, and the register TBLN in this table is read.
The data corresponding to the pitch mode number TBLNO in OR is read.
Then, the numerical values corresponding to the channels ch0 to 2 of the read elliptic data are added to the values of the register RTKEY, and the addition results are written to the registers KEY0 to ₂ , respectively. now,
When the content of the register RTKEY is the key code “60”, the table is # 0, the pitch mode number TBLNO is 0, and the code type is M (major), as shown in FIG. , 12 are added to 60 each. Therefore, the key code “64” is written in the register KEY ₀ , the key code “67” is written in the register KEY ₁ , and the key code “72” is written in the register KEY ₂ . These key codes "6
“4”, “67”, and “72” correspond to E ₃ note, G ₃ note, and C ₄ note, respectively.

When the processing of step SPc5 is completed, the process moves to step SPc6 and it is determined whether the content of the register CONTP is "0", "1", or "2". That is, whether the key-on mode is “normal” or “delay key-on”,
It is determined whether or not it is “Tie Key On”.

Here, since "normal" will be described, the process proceeds to step SPc7. In this step SPc7, register
MODE of whether the content is "1" or not is determined, the key code written in the register KEY _{0 to 2} in step SPc5 If "NO", respectively supplied to the respective sound channel ch0~ch2 tone generator 12 , Produce the key code (step SPc8). On the other hand, if the content of the register MODE is "1", the determination at step SPc7 is "NO", and the register
Key code written in KEY _0-2 and tone generator 1
Sound is generated by exchanging the key codes in the sound generation channels ch0 to ch2 in 2 (step Spc9). In this way, the key code is exchanged when the register mode is “1” because the sounding channels ch0 to ch2 continue to sound by the key code supplied before that (step SPb12, (See SPb14), replace the previous key code with the new key code in order to produce uninterrupted pronunciation (pronunciation corresponding to the slur symbol).

When the key-on process of steps SPc8 and SPc9 is completed, the process returns. This subroutine is called "PAT / CH"
When called in G "(Fig. 8), it is the main routine.

The above explanation of the operation is the sound generation process when there is a key event (chord change) during the automatic accompaniment.
→ "KEY / EVT" → "PAT / CHG" → "PAT / KEY", then return to the main routine "MAIN". If the pronunciation is not instructed at the timing of the changed pattern data, the subroutine "PAT / CHG"
After performing the muffling process (step SPb16) and the like, the process returns to the main routine "MAIN".

By the way, the normal sounding process of the automatic playing is a process automatically performed based on the tempo clock TP. The processing in this case is performed by the subroutine "CLK.IRQ" shown in FIG. 12 and the subroutine "PAT.READ" shown in FIG. These will be described below.

Subroutine “CLK · IRQ” First, when the tempo clock TP is issued from the tempo clock generator 7 shown in FIG. 1, the CPU 2 is interrupted,
As a result, the processing shifts to the subroutine "CLK / IRQ". Then, in step SPd1, it is determined whether or not the flag RUN is "1". If "NO", the process returns, and if "YES", the process proceeds to step SPd2. In step SPd2, register
Rhythm sound generation processing (percussion-type sound generation) is performed according to the CLK value and the selected rhythm type.
Next, in step SPd3, it is determined whether the remainder obtained by dividing the content of the register CLK by 12 is "0". When this judgment is "YES", the contents of the register CLK indicate the start timing (0, 12, 24, 36) of the beat. If the determination in step SPd3 is "NO", immediately the subroutine "PAT READ"
Processing is performed, and if “YES”, the contents of register TCHD are written to register HCD and then the above subroutine “PAT
-Go to "READ". The process of step SPd4 is a process for writing here the key code that has not been written to the register CHK because the determination at step SPa5 described above is "NO".

Subroutine "PAT READ" First, in step SPe1 shown in FIG. 13, the pattern data RPD to be played is selected based on the rhythm type and the chord type data in the register YPE, and is written in the register PAT. Then, the table select data TBLS at the addresses "-2" and "-1" of the pattern data RPD
EL and delay time data are registered in TBLSE register
Write to LR and register DLYTM. Then step SP
In 3, it is judged whether the content of the register CLK is even or odd, and if it is even, the process proceeds to step SPe4 and the register DT
And NDT write the tone generation mode instruction data PDn and PDn _{+ 1} (n is the content of the register CLK) in the lower 4 bits and the upper 4 bits of the address "CLK / 2" of the pattern data, respectively. If the content of the register CLK is odd, in the register DT and NDT, the pronunciation in the upper 4 bits of the address "(CLK-1) / 2" and the lower 4 bits of the address "(CLK + 1) / 2" of the pattern data is generated. The mode instruction data PDn and PDn _{+ 1} are written (step SP
e5). By the processing of these steps SPe4 and SPe5, register D
The tone generation mode instruction data PD to be processed at that time is written in T, and the next timing (CLK + 1) is written in the register NDT.
The pronunciation mode instruction data PD to be processed in is written. For example, if the content of the register CLK is "4", the fifth address shown in FIG. "2" sound mode instruction data PD _{4 for,} PD ₅ is register DT, written in the NDT, the content of the register CLK is "5" In case of, the pronunciation mode instruction data PD of the address "2"
₅ and the tone generation mode instruction data PD _{6 at} the address “3” are written in the registers DT and NDT. When the value of CLK + 1 becomes "48" in step SPe5, the lower 4 bits of the address "0" are written.

Next, in step SPe6, it is determined whether the content of the register DT is (F) _H , that is, whether the tone generation mode instruction data PD to be processed at the timing is "do nothing". If this determination is "YES", the flow proceeds to step SPe11 and the content of the register NDT is (F).
_{It is} determined whether or not it is _H , that is, whether or not the pronunciation mode instruction data PD to be processed next is “do nothing”.
If this determination is "YES", the process returns, and if "NO", it is determined in step SPe12 whether the content of the register DL1 is "0". Since the register DL1 has been cleared by the initialization processing of step SP1 shown in FIG. 6, the determination at step SPe12 becomes "YES", and the routine proceeds to step SPe15, at which it is determined whether or not the content of the register DL2 is "0". It Since this register DL2 has also been reset in step SP1, the determination is “YES” and the routine returns. As described above, when the content of the register DT is (F) _H , the subroutine “CLK / IR” is executed through steps SPe6 and SPe11, or further through steps SPe12 and SPe15.
The process returns to step SPd5 of Q ". In step SPd5, the process of incrementing the content of the register CLK by 1 is performed. Note that the operation shown in the figure in step SPd5 is that the content of the register CLK is" 0 ". ~ "47"
This is to circulate in.

On the other hand, if “NO” is obtained in step SPe6 shown in FIG. 13, the process proceeds to step SPe7, and the content of the register DT is (0) _H.
Is determined. If this determination is “YES”, the key-off is instructed at the timing, and therefore the tone generator 12's sound generation channels ch0 to ch2.
All were key-off, also clears the register KEY _{0 to 2} (step SPe8, SPe9). If "NO" is determined in step SPe7, the flag MODE is set to "0" in step SPe10, and then the process of the subroutine "PAT / KEY" is performed.

The processing of the subroutine "PAT.KEY" is as described above. When the key-on mode is normal and the flag MODE is "0", sound is produced by the processing of steps SPc1 to SPc8. After this tone generation processing, the process returns to step Spe11. When the key-on mode is normal, the staple
After Spe11 or step SPe12Spe15, the process returns to the stapler SPd5 in FIG. 12 to increment the register CLK.

The above processing is performed every time the tempo clock TP is issued.
The above is the key-on mode “normal” processing.

B: Delay Key On Next, the case of delay key on will be described.

This delay key-on is a subroutine "PAT KEY",
The process is the same as the above-mentioned normal case except that the processing contents in "PAT / READ" are changed and the processing of the subroutine "TIMER / IRQ" is added. First, the subroutine "PAT
-Explain the processing of "KEY".

Subroutine "APT KEY" (delay key on) First, steps SPc1 to SPc6 are the same as in the normal case, but step SPc1 is determined by the determination in step Spc6.
Moving to 0, it is determined whether or not the register MOD is "1". If this determination is "YES", the flow proceeds to step SPc9, Could all three Kikodo to swap the Kikodo the key code in the register KEY _{0 to 2} in the channel CH0. That is, the delay key-on process is not performed, and three sounds are simultaneously sounded. This is because the register MOD becomes "1" when the chord change key event occurs and the pattern data before the change continues to sound, so if the delay key-on is performed with a new key code. This is because it becomes musically unnatural.

On the other hand, if “NO” is determined in step SPc10, the register DLYT is set in step SPb2 or step SPe2.
Delay time data written in M (see Fig. 5)
Is written in the register DL1 and the delay time data is doubled and written in the register DL2. Then, the process proceeds to step Spc12 to supply the key code in the register KEY ₀ to the channel ch ₀ to turn on the key. That is, the key code of the register KEY ₀ (the lowest note of the notes forming the chord as shown in FIG. 4) is immediately sounded without the delay key-on. Immediately after the processing in step SPc12 is completed, the process returns to the main routine "MAIN" or step SPe in FIG.
11 → (SPc12,15) → returns to the main routine via SPd5 in FIG. The former is the subroutine "PAT / CHG"
In the case where "PAT-KEY" is called in, the latter is the case where "PAT-KEY" is called in the subroutine "PAT-READ". And the main routine "MAI
When the pulse signal IP is output from the timer 8 while circulating "N", the process proceeds to the subroutine "TIMER / IRQ". In this case, the period of the pulse signal IP is set sufficiently shorter than the tempo clock TP. Normally, the processing of the subroutine "TIMER / IRQ" is performed before the next tempo clock TP is supplied.

Subroutine "TIMER / IRQ" First, in step SPf1, it is determined whether or not the content of the flag RUN is "1". If "NO", the main routine "MAI
Return to N ", and if" YES ", proceed to step SPf2. At step SPf2, it is determined whether the content of the register DL1 is "0". If it is "0", the process proceeds to step SPc6.
If not "0", 1 is subtracted from the content of the register DL1 (step SPf3). Then, it is judged whether or not the content of the register DL1 after the subtraction is "0" (step SPf4) and "0".
If so, supply the key code in the register KEY ₁ to the channel ch1 to turn on the key. The determination at step SPf ₄ is “N
If "O", the process proceeds to step SPf6.

Next, the processing of steps SPf6 to SPf9 is the same as SPf2 to Spf described above.
This is the same processing as the processing up to f5 for the register DL2. Then, when the processing of step SPf9 is completed, the process returns, and when the pulse signal IP is supplied again, the process returns to this subroutine "TIMER / IRQ". in this way,
Each time the pulse signal IP is supplied, the subroutine "TIMER I
When the "RQ" processing is performed, the contents of the registers DL1 and DL2 in which the delay time data was originally written are changed to the step SPf.
3, will be successively subtracted by treatment SPf7, the subtraction result is the key code in the register KEY _1, KEY ₂ in when it becomes "0", is the key-on is supplied to the channel ch1 or channel ch2. That is, the sound of the channel ch1 is delayed from the channel ch0 by the delay time data, and the content of the register DL2 is 2 of the content of the register DL1.
Since it is double (see step Spc11), channel c
The pronunciation of h2 is delayed by the delay time data from the pronunciation of channel ch1. Fig. 15 shows the figure.

Subroutine “PAT READ” steps SPe13 to SPe17 By the way, if the tempo of the song is fast, the delay key-on process delays the sounding timing of the delayed key code after the next note to be sounded later. Occurs. For example, as shown in FIG. 16, when delay key-on processing is performed for the chord of the first 16th note, the sounding timing of channel ch2 may be delayed from the sounding timing t ₁ of the next 16th note. . This is because musically unnatural, when such interrupts the delay processing, the timing t ₁ in timing relative to the channel ch2
The shift process is performed before.

The processing of steps SPe13 to SPe17 of the subroutine "PAT / READ" is for this purpose. This process will be described below.

Now, it is assumed that the next tempo clock TP is issued before the delay key-on process is completed. As a result, the processing reaches "PAT / READ" through the subroutine "GLK / IRQ". Then, the determination of step SPe11 is performed through steps SPe1 to SPe6. In this case, when the sound is generated at the timing of the next tempo clock TP, the determination in step SPe11 is “NO”, and therefore step SPe12
Then, it is judged whether or not the content of the register DL1 is "0". If this determination is “NO”, it means that the delay key-on processing has not been performed for the sounding channel ch1, so the register DL1 is cleared in step SPe13, and the key code in the register KEY _{1 for the} channel ch1 is further cleared. To forcibly turn on the key (step SPe1
Four). On the other hand, if the determination in step SPe12 is "YES",
In step SPe15, it is determined whether the content of the register DL2 is "0". If this determination is “YES”, the delay key-on processing for both channels ch1 and ch2 has been completed, so the main routine “MAI” is executed via step SPd5.
Return to N ". If" NO "in step SPe15, the register DL2 is cleared and the key code in the register KEY2 is supplied to the channel ch2 to forcibly turn on the key. After this processing, the process returns to the main routine "MAIN" via step SPd5.

The above is the delay key-on processing.

C: Thai Key On Next, the process of Thai key on will be described. In this case, the processing is the same as the normal processing described above, except for the processing of the subroutine "PAT.KEY".

The processing of steps SPc1 to SPc6 of the subroutine "PAT-KEY" is the same as that in the normal case, but it is "1" in the judgment of step Spc6, and the routine proceeds to step SPc13. At step SPc13, the register i is cleared, and further at step Spc14, the register j is cleared. Then, in step SPc15, the contents of the register CKEYi and the register KEYi are compared. This process is a process of determining whether or not the previous key code data written in the register CKEYi in step Spc3 and the current key code data written in the register KEYi in step SPc5 match. In step SPc15, it is also determined whether or not the contents of the register i and the register j are different. The first judgment in this step Spc15 is the comparison of the contents of the register OKEY ₀ and the register KEY ₀ , but since i = j, the judgment is NO,
Move to SPc17. In step SPc17, 1 is added to the content of the register j, and the process proceeds to step SPc18. Step Spc18 is a process for determining whether the value of the register j is less than "3". If the addition process of Step Spc17 is less than or equal to "2", the result is "YES", and the process proceeds to Step SPc15 again to perform the comparison process. The second comparison process in step SPc15 is a comparison as to whether or not OKEY ₀ = KEY ₁ . If this determination is "YES", the contents of the register KEYi and the register KEYj are exchanged (step SPc16). That is, in the above case, the contents of the register KEY ₀ and the register KEY ₁ are exchanged. Thereafter, the contents of the register j are incremented in the same manner, and the process of step SPc15 is performed again. If the process of step SPc17 is performed after this process, step SPc
The determination at 18 becomes "NO", and the content of the register i is incremented at step SPc19. Then step
The process proceeds to SPc20, and it is determined whether the content of the register i is less than 3. This determination is "YES" when the processing in step SPc19 is twice or less, so the processing returns to step SPc14 again. That is, the value of the register i is set to "1" and the above process is repeated. After that, similarly, the value of the register i is set to 2 and the above process is performed, and when the process reaches Step Spc20 again, the determination becomes "NO" and the loop including Steps SPc14 to Spc20 is exited.

When the register OKEYi = KEYj is obtained by the processing of this loop, the contents of the register KEYi and the contents of the register KEYj are exchanged. This allows register KEYi (
_{If the} key code to be pronounced next in _{i = 0 to 2} ) is the same as the key code of the currently sounding channel chi, the register KEYi having the same number as that sounding channel
Can be replaced with. However, if the same key code is written in the register KEYi having the same number as the tone generation channel chi from the beginning, this process is not performed because there is no need for replacement.

For example, the current G ₃ sounds as shown in FIG. 17, B ₃ sounds, and chord (chord G) is Sose by D ₄ sound register OKE
Key codes "67", "71", and Y ₀ , OKEY ₁ , OKEY ₂ respectively
It is assumed that "74" is written. Then, the next note to be pronounced is registered as E ₃ note, G ₃ note, D ₄ note (chord C ₉ th).
KEY ₀ , KEY ₁ and KEY ₂ are key code “64”, “67”,
It is assumed that "74" is written. In this case, KEY
₂ = OKEY ₂ , KEY ₁ = OKEY ₀ , and there is no match for KEY ₀ . Thus, although register KEY ₂ is intact, the register KEY ₁ and KEY ₀ content is replaced. The correspondence is shown below.

Next, when the register i is cleared in step SPc21, the register OKEYi and the register i are cleared in step SPc22.
It is determined whether the contents of the same number of KEYi are equal. If the result of this determination is "NO", then step SPc23
If the flag MODE is "1" and it is "NO", the key code of the register KEYi is supplied to the sounding channel chi to perform the key-on process even if there is no sound currently sounding. (Step SPc24). Also, step SPc23
If the determination is "YES", it means that there is a sound currently being sounded, so the key code of the sound generation channel chi and the key code of the register KEYi are exchanged to perform sound generation processing (step SPc25). After these processes, the register i is incremented in step Spc26, the process proceeds to step SPc22 via step SPc27, and the above operation is repeated.

On the other hand, if the determination in step SPc22 is "YES", new sound generation processing (steps SPc24, 25) is not performed, and step SPc2
Through SPc27, step SPc22 is reached, and the above processing is repeated. If no new sound generation processing is performed in this way, the sound generation channel chi continues to emit the previous sound.

Then, when the processing of steps SPc22 to SPc26 is performed three times, the determination at step SPc27 becomes "NO" and the routine returns.

Here, if the above processing is performed in the example shown in Table 1, OKEYi = KEYi at i = 0 and i = 2, so new sounding processing is not performed for sounding channels ch0 and ch2. The previous sounds D ₄ and G ₃ are continuously emitted. For the pronunciation channel ch1,
In step Spc24, a new E ₃ tone is pronounced. As a result, as shown in FIG. 17, the D ₄ note and the G ₃ note are pronounced as notes connected by tie marks.

The above is the tie-key on processing.

D: Example of overall operation FIG. 18 is an example of pattern data. FIG. 19 shows a performance example when the table # 0 is selected by the pattern data and the chord type is C major. As shown in this figure, the start timing of the first beat (CL
In K = “0”), since the tone generation mode instruction data PD ₀ is (9) _H , the key-on mode is delay key-on and the pitch mode number TBLNO is “0” as shown in FIG. Therefore, the performance is E ₃ notes, G as shown in FIG.
₃ keys, C ₄ sounds delay key on. At the timing when the register CLK becomes "1" to "10", nothing is done because the tone generation mode instruction data PD is (F) _H.
At the timing when the register CLK becomes “11”, the sounding mode instruction data PD becomes (0) _H , so that the above sounds are muted. As a result, as shown in FIG. 19, E ₃ sound, G
₃ Sound, C ₄ sound is pronounced by the length of a quarter note. At the timing when the register CLK becomes “12”, the tone mode instruction data PD is (1) _H , so the pitch mode number TBLNO (0) is selected by normal key-on. _Three tones, G _three tones, and C _four tones are emitted, and since the tone generation mode instruction data at the timing when the register CLK becomes “17” is (0) _H , the above tones are muted at this point. As a result, each of the above notes is sounded at the length of an eighth note.
Since the pronunciation mode instruction data PD at the timing when K becomes “18” is (A) _H , the pitch mode number is set by delay key-on.
TBLNO becomes "1". As a result, a C ₉ th chord is produced (see FIG. 4), and E ₃ note, G ₃ note, and D ₄ note are pronounced. Then, since the tone generation mode instruction data PD at the timing when the register CLK becomes “24” is (5) _H ,
As shown in FIG. 5, the key-on mode is tie-key-on and the pitch mode number TBLNO is "0". As a result, E ₃ sound, G ₃
The phonetic pronunciation is C and the C ₄ is pronounced, and the E ₃ and G ₃ are the pronunciations connected by the Thai symbol. In addition, the pronunciation mode instruction data at the final timing of the second beat (CLK = “23”) is (0)
C ₄ sound third beat because not the _H is sound without passing through the muffler (pronunciation replaced key code), the sound of the sound that are linked by slur symbols. Then register CLK
At the timing when is "29", mute is instructed,
After that, until the start timing of the 4th beat, the pronunciation mode instruction data PD
Is (F) _H. As a result, eighth rests are expressed as shown in FIG. Then, since the tone generation mode instruction data PD is (3) _H , (1) _{H at} the beginning timing of the 4th beat and the timing of 1/2 of the 4th beat,
♭ E ₃ tones, ♭ G ₃ tones, ♭ C ₄ tones (= B ₃ tones) and E ₃
Sound, G ₃ sounds, C ₄ sound is pronounced by the length of an eighth note, respectively.

(3: Effect of the embodiment) As described above, in this embodiment, the sound generation mode instruction data is used to instruct the sound generation timing and the pitch change. Regardless, you can perform a variety of performances. That is, since the pronunciation mode instruction data is composed of 4 bits, it is possible to compose accompaniment data of a specific chord type for a specific rhythm with a capacity of 24 bytes per bar, and for each chord type and each rhythm type. Even if the rhythm pattern data is provided, the storage capacity is small.

(4: Modification of Embodiment) The above embodiment can be modified as follows.

In the above-described embodiment, the calculation of the accompaniment keyboard has been mainly described, but a melody keyboard may be added and the melody performance may be performed together.

Although a single chord performance is shown as an automatic accompaniment form, it can be combined with other parts such as a bass sound and automatic arpeggio calculation. Further, although the root note itself is not pronounced in the above-mentioned embodiment, the root note may be also pronounced.

In the delay key-on, the dedicated timer 8 measures the delay time, but the tempo clock TP may be used to measure the delay time.

The resolution and time signature of the tempo are “48” and 4/4 time signature in the embodiment, but the resolution and time signature are not limited to this, and it is also possible to set any other resolution and time signature, and to combine them. It is also possible to configure.

Although a plurality of tables are provided in the embodiment, the number of tables may be one. In this case, the table select data TBSEL becomes unnecessary.

In the embodiment, the change of the pitch is performed by selecting the pitch mode number TBLNO in the table according to the sound mode instruction data PD, but it may be calculated without depending on the table.

For example, in the case of a semitone lowering change (pitch mode number 2 in FIG. 5) or the like, a process of mechanically subtracting 1 from the key code value may be performed.

"Effects of the Invention" As described above, according to the present invention, a clock generating means for generating a clock signal, and an instruction for sounding at each performance timing based on the clock signal and a pitch mode of a sounding chord are specified. Pattern data storage means for storing pattern data data, chord designating means for designating chords to be played, and pitch mode storage means for storing pitch information of a plurality of notes according to the pitch mode and chord type, When the pattern data is sequentially read out based on the clock signal and the pronunciation is instructed by the read pattern data, the voice mode storage is performed according to the pitch mode corresponding to the command and the chord type instructed by the chord designating means. Read out multiple pitch information from the means,
Since a sound data creating means for forming a chord to be produced based on the plurality of pitch information and a musical tone generating means for producing a chord based on each sound data supplied from the sound data producing means are provided, It is possible to perform a variety of performances with a small amount of data, and it is possible to greatly save the capacity of the memory for storing the data for accompaniment sounds as compared with the conventional one.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a view showing a relationship between key codes and keys used in the embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a format of rhythm pattern data in the embodiment. FIG. 4, FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the contents of a table for determining the pitch of the chord of the automatic accompaniment, FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the function of the pronunciation mode instruction data, and FIG. 6 is the main routine of the same embodiment. Flow charts, FIG. 7, FIG. 8, FIG. 11, FIG. 12, FIG. 13, FIG. 13 and FIG. 14 are flow charts showing subroutines of the same embodiment respectively, and FIG. 9 is a case where there is a key event during automatic accompaniment. 10 is a diagram showing an example of pronunciation mode instruction data, FIG. 15 is a timing chart for explaining the delay key-on process, and FIG. 16 is a prohibition process in the delay key-on process. Timing chart for FIG. 17 is a musical score for explaining the tie-key on process, FIG. 18 is a diagram showing an example of pronunciation mode instruction data in the general operation example, and FIG. 19 is a performance using the pronunciation mode instruction data shown in FIG. It is a score showing an example. 1 ... Keyboard circuit, 2 ... CPU, 3 ... Program memory, 4 ... Working memory, 5 ... Rhythm pattern memory, 6 ... Table memory, 7 ... Tempo clock generator, 8 ... Timer, 12 ...... Tone generator.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A clock generating means for generating a clock signal, and a pattern data storing means for storing pattern data data for instructing a sounding at each performance timing based on the clock signal and a pitch mode of a chord to be sounded. Chord designating means for designating chords to be played, pitch mode storing means for storing pitch information of a plurality of pitches according to the pitch mode and chord type, and the pattern data are sequentially read out based on the clock signal. When the pronunciation is instructed by the read pattern data, a plurality of pitch information is read from the voice mode storage means in accordance with the pitch mode corresponding to the command and the type of chord instructed by the chord designating means, Sound data creating means for composing a chord to be pronounced based on a plurality of pitch information, and creating this sound data Automatic accompaniment apparatus characterized by comprising a, a musical tone generating means for performing a chord generated based on the sound data supplied from the stage.