JPH0727382B2 - Automatic accompaniment device - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an automatic accompaniment apparatus capable of sequentially shifting each constituent sound of a chord and generating the sound.

“Prior Art” An automatic accompaniment device has been developed which performs automatic accompaniment based on the key depression of an accompaniment keyboard.

Some automatic accompaniment devices of this type are arranged so that the constituent tones of the accompaniment chord are sequentially shifted at a predetermined timing to produce a special performance effect (backing performance effect). 57-93995 etc.).

"Problems to be Solved by the Invention" By the way, in the conventional automatic accompaniment apparatus configured to shift the constituent tones of the chords in a staggered manner, it is not possible to control the shifting interval, which results in a variety of performance effects. It had the drawback of being scarce.

Further, in the conventional automatic accompaniment apparatus, the delayed constituent tones may be sounded after the chord at the next timing, which is unnatural to the music.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and a first object thereof is to provide an automatic accompaniment apparatus capable of controlling the shift interval and improving the variety of performance effects.

A second object is to provide an automatic accompaniment device capable of preventing the delayed constituent tones from being produced after the chord at the next timing.

"Means for Solving Problems" The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances. Chord designating means for designating chords to be played and generation of chords based on a clock signal are sequentially performed in accordance with the progress of a song. A plurality of patterns stored in the pattern data storage means and a pattern storage means for storing a plurality of patterns with the pattern data to be instructed and the shift time data indicating the deviation when each constituent sound of the chord is generated as one pattern. Pattern selecting means for selecting one of the patterns, reading means for reading each data of the pattern selected by the pattern selecting means based on the clock signal, and pattern data read by the reading means is a chord. Is instructed to occur, according to the shift time data read by the reading means, The shift sound generation control means for controlling the generation timing of each constituent sound of the designated chord and each constituent sound of the chord designated by the chord designating means are generated at the generation timing controlled by the shift generation control means. It is characterized by including a musical sound generating means.

As another configuration, in addition to the above configuration, the read data by the reading means at the play timing after the generation of the chord by generating the chord is instructed by the read data by the reading means. Is instructed, the control for shifting and generating the constituent sound of the chord by the shifting sound generation control means is canceled before the performance timing, and the control for forcibly generating the constituent sound that has not yet been generated is performed. It is characterized in that a sound canceling means is provided.

"Operation" The shift time when shifting the generation timing of each constituent sound of the chord is read from the pattern storage means together with the pattern data, and the shift sound generation control means operates based on this data, so that the shift time of each constituent sound Control is performed.

Further, in the case where the shifted pronunciation canceling means is provided, the pronunciation of the constituent tones delayed for the shifted pronunciation does not occur later than the timing of producing the next chord.

[Examples] Examples of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

(1: Configuration of Embodiment) FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 is a keyboard unit, a plurality of keys, a plurality of key switches for detecting the on / off state of each key, and an interface for supplying a key code of each key switch to a bus line B. It is composed of a circuit. Here, FIG. 2 shows the correspondence between keys and key codes. In Fig. 2, the key code is displayed in decimal notation. As can be seen from this figure, the key code value changes by 1 for each semitone, and the C ₃ note is the key code "60".
Has become.

2 is a CPU (central processing unit) that controls each part of the device, and 3 is a CPU
The program memory 2 in which the program 2 is stored is a working memory 4 in which various registers and flags are set. The registers and flags in the working memory 4 will be described later.

Next, reference numeral 5 is a pattern memory in which pattern data RPD used when generating accompaniment sounds of rhythm sounds and chords is stored. In this case, the pattern memory 5 stores in advance a large number of pattern data RPD corresponding to the rhythm type (samba, slow rock, etc.) and chord type. The format of this pattern data RPD is shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, the pattern data is composed of 26 bytes of data, and each byte has a relative address "-2", "-1", "0", "1", ...
2 ”and“ 23 ”are set. The data at each address will be described below.

Address "-2": At this address, 8-bit table select data TBLSEL designating one of the tables # 0, # 1 ... Shown in FIG. 4 is stored. The tables # 0, # 1 ... Are stored in the table memory 6.

Address "-1": In this address, delay time data is stored which indicates a shift time when the constituent tones of a chord that should originally be played at the same time as the chord accompaniment are slightly shifted and sounded. This data shows that when the strings are played at the same time as a whole, such as when playing a guitar stroke, the actual timing is slightly deviated depending on the strings (6 string side is fast, 1 string side is slow, or vice versa). ) Is used when reproducing.

Addresses "0" to "23": In each of these addresses, the sounding mode instruction data PD indicating the pitch mode and the key-on mode of the chord are stored from 0th to 47th. In this way, 48 pronunciation mode instruction data PD _{0 to} PD ₄₇ are stored because one measure (4 beats) is divided into 48 in this embodiment, and the pronunciation control is performed at each divided timing. Is. The pronunciation mode instruction data PD is 4-bit data represented by hexadecimal notation (0) _H to (F) _H ,
It is sequentially used in units of 4 bits according to each sounding timing. Here, the relation between the content and the instructed pronunciation mode is
Shown in the figure.

In FIG. 5, “Normal” is a normal key-on mode in which sound is generated at the division timing, and “Tie key-on” is a note (chord constituent note) at any of the division timings. When the note is connected to a constituent sound (see FIG. 17) (see FIG. 17), the note is not re-pronounced but the previous note is continuously extended. The "delay key on" is a mode in which a performance is performed using the delay time data described above. The numerical value on the upper horizontal axis of the figure is the pitch mode number TEBNO, and indicates any of the pitch modes set in each table shown in FIG. Here, in Table # 0, TEBNO “0” indicates the pitch relation of the normal chord constituent tones determined by the chord type, and TEBNO “1” indicates the pitch relation of the chord constituent tones including the 9th (nine) note. TEBNO “2” indicates the pitch relationship in which each tone of the normal chord constituent tone is lowered by a semitone. Further, in the table # 1, the pitch mode number TEBNO "0" indicates the pitch relation of the normal chord constituent tones, and the "1" indicates the pitch relation obtained by lowering each tone of the normal chord constituent tones by a semitone. in this way,
The function of the pitch mode number TEBNO is arbitrarily set by the number of the selected table.

The chord type symbol shown in FIG. 4 is a general chord type symbol. For example, M is major and m is m.
Indicates minor, sus indicates suspension, Aug indicates augment, dim indicates diminish, and numbers indicate Seventh or Sixth. These code types are specified by hexadecimal codes 1 to D. ch indicates a sound generation channel, and in this embodiment, ch0 to ch2
The three channels are used for automatic accompaniment with multiple sounds. Numerical values “0” to “255” (decimal display) described in the column of each sound generation channel ch in FIG. 4 are key codes.

If the content of the pronunciation mode instruction data PD is (1) _H to (C) _H , the pitch mode number TEBNO is instructed as described above, but (0)
When it is _H, it instructs the key-off, and when it is (F) _H , it instructs it to keep the previous state without doing anything. The contents (D) _H and (E) _H of the pronunciation mode instruction data PD are not used in this embodiment (see FIG. 5).

The above is the function of each data in the pattern, and a plurality of pattern data according to the format shown in FIG. 3 are stored corresponding to the rhythm type and the chord type. The addresses "-2" and "-1" are headers of pattern data.

Next, 7 in FIG. 1 is a tempo clock generator, which outputs to the CPU 2 a tempo clock TP having a constant cycle which is the basis of the tempo of the automatic performance sound. CPU2 is interrupted by this tempo clock TP. In this case, the tempo clock
The cycle of TP is determined according to the tempo data TD supplied from the CPU 2 via the bus line B.

Reference numeral 8 is a timer, which supplies a pulse signal of a constant cycle to the CPU 2 as an interrupt signal. The timer 8 is used for keeping the set delay time in the performance using the delay time data (see FIG. 3).

A switch group 10 is composed of a rhythm selection switch, a rhythm start / stop switch, a tone color selection switch, various effect selection switches, and the like. Reference numeral 12 denotes a tone generator, which generates musical tones corresponding to the key performance of the player based on key-on / key-off information issued from the CPU 2 in accordance with key depression / key release of the keyboard circuit 1 and accompaniment chords based on the pattern data RPD. Occur.
Further, the tone generator 12 has a percussion-type rhythm sound source and generates a rhythm sound corresponding to the selected rhythm in accordance with the tempo clock TP.

Here, the main ones of the various registers and flags in the working memory 4 described above will be described.

Flag RUN: "1" is written when running with automatic accompaniment, and "0" is written when stopped.

Register CLK: This is a register in which the count number of the tempo clock TP is written, and values of “0” to “47” are cyclically written for each bar.

Registers DL1, DL2: Registers for measuring the delay times of the channels ch1, ch2, and the delay time data shown in FIG. 3 is written therein. When playing delay,
The timer 8 is decremented each time the clock is output, and when the contents of the registers DL1 and DL2 become 0, the sound generation of the corresponding channel is permitted.

Key code buffer KCBUF: A register in which the key code of the depressed key is written and is provided in plural.

Register CHD: A register to which chord information is written,
When the CPU 2 detects the chord type and the root note from the key code of the accompaniment keyboard, the chord type data is written in the upper 4 bits and the root note data is written in the lower 4 bits. The root note data is the data of "0", "1", ... "11", and C
Sound, C # sound, ... B sound. The code type data is data corresponding to the code type shown in FIG. 4,
"1" according to Major M, Minor m, Seventh 7th, etc.
~ It is the data of "13".

Register TCHD: A register in which the above chord information is temporarily stored.

Register ROOT: A register in which the root note data is temporarily stored.

Register TYPE: A register that stores code type data.

Register CHK: This is a register that stores the calculated value of CLK.MOD.12. Here, CLK.MOD.12 is the remainder of the quotient obtained by dividing the contents of the register CLK by 12. This CLK.MOD.12 expresses the timing within one beat.

Register TBLSEL.R: A register into which table select data (see FIG. 3) TBLSEL is written.

Register DLYTM: A register into which delay time data (see FIG. 3) is written.

Address pointer PNT: A pointer indicating an address in the pattern format shown in FIG.

Registers DT and NDT: Each is a register into which the sounding mode instruction data PD is written, the sounding mode instructing data PD _n at that time is written to the register DT, and the sounding mode instructing data PD _{n + at the} next timing is written to the register NDT. ₁ is written.

Registers KEY ₀ to ₂ : Key code buffers provided corresponding to tone generation channels ch0 to ch2 in the tone generator 12. This register KEY ₀ ~KEY sound channel ch0~ch2 by the key code to be written in ₂ pitch of drum sounds is determined.

Registers OKEY ₀ to ₂ : Registers storing the previous values of the registers KEY ₀ to ₂ .

When the flag MODE: "0", a new key code is newly written to the channel chi ( _{i = 1} to ₂ ) to instruct a normal key-on mode for key-on. When it is "1", a sounding process for switching only the key code to a sounding channel that is already in a sounding state (details of this process will be described later) is instructed.

Register RTKEY: A register into which a key code obtained by converting the range of the root note data in the register ROOT is written.

The above are the main registers and flags provided in the working memory 4.

(2: Operation of Embodiment) Next, the operation of this embodiment having the above-described configuration will be described.

The operation of this embodiment is basically an automatic accompaniment to chord a chord (three notes) according to the rhythm. Further, in this embodiment, since the sound generation processing differs depending on the key-on mode, each key-on mode will be described below.

A: Normal Main Routine "MAIN" FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the main routine of this embodiment. First, when the power is turned on, various registers and flags (KCBUF, RUN, DL1, DL2, etc.) in the working memory 4 are cleared as an initial process, and then the process proceeds to step SP2 and thereafter.

In step SP2, it is determined whether or not the start switch in the switch group 10 has an on event.
Here, an event means that the state of a switch or a key has changed, and there are an on event that changes from off to on and an off event that changes from on to off. When the on event of the start switch is detected in step SP2, the value of the flag RUN is inverted in step SP3. By the processing of steps SP2 and SP3, the value of the flag RUN is inverted every time the start switch is pressed.
Next, in step SP4, it is determined whether or not the flag RUN is "1", and if "NO", it is an instruction to stop the automatic accompaniment running. Therefore, the process proceeds to step SP5 and the tone generator 1
Turn off channels 2 ch0 to ch2, and turn off all rhythm sounds (percussion). And
If "YES" is determined in step SP4, it means that the start of automatic accompaniment driving is instructed.
Move to SP6 and clear the registers CLK, DL1 and DL2 to prepare for the start of automatic accompaniment. After the processing of steps SP5 and SP6, the process moves to step SP7 and it is determined whether or not the rhythm selection is changed. On the other hand, if the determination in step SP2 is "NO", that is, if the start switch remains on or off, the process of steps SP3 to SP5 is not performed, and
Reach SP7. When the determination in step SP7 is "YES", the data is changed to data indicating the changed rhythm type (step SP
8) In step SP9, it is determined whether the flag RUN is "1". If this determination is “YES”, it means that the rhythm type has been switched during the automatic accompaniment running.
At 10, the pronunciation of the accompaniment by the previously selected rhythm type is stopped and the accompaniment by the newly selected rhythm is prepared, and then, at step SP11, the presence or absence of a key event is determined. On the other hand, the determination in step SP9 is
In the case of "NO", it is the case where the automatic accompaniment has not been continuously performed from before, or the flag RUN is cleared in step SP3 in order to stop the automatic accompaniment. Therefore,
Since the sound generation of the channels ch0 to ch2 in the tone generator 12 has already been stopped, the process of step SP10 is not performed, and the determination of step SP11 is immediately performed. The determination in step SP11 is performed by the CPU 2 observing the change in the key code supplied from the keyboard circuit 1. If there is no key event, the process proceeds to step SP12, the tone color and volume are set and changed in accordance with the operation of the other switches in the switch group 10, the process returns to step SP2 again, and the above processes are repeated.

On the other hand, if there is a key event, the subroutine "KE
Move to "Y ・ EVT" processing.

Subroutine “KEY · EVT” First, in step SPa1, the key code issued from the keyboard circuit 1 is written in the key code buffer KCBUF. When a plurality of key codes are issued, they are assigned to each key code buffer KCBUF according to a predetermined assignment process. Then, the process proceeds to step SPa2, and the sounding process of the key having the event is performed. This tone generation processing is performed by a tone generation channel different from the channels ch0 to ch2 of the tone generator 12. That is, this sounding is a direct sounding process corresponding to a key depression different from the chord performance such as the melody performance. Next, in step SPa3, the chord type and root note are detected based on the key code in the key code buffer KCBUF, and these are written in the register TCHD. Then, in step SPa4, the operation of CLK.MOD.12, that is, the operation of dividing the content of the register CLK by 12 to obtain the remainder is performed, and the operation result is written in the register CHK. The result of this calculation indicates the timing within one beat as described above. Here, the content of the register CLK is reset to “0” at the start of the automatic accompaniment start, but every time the tempo clock generator 7 generates the tempo clock TP, the contents of the subroutine CLK · ERQ (see FIG. 12) are changed. It is incremented by 1 by the processing, and the timing (“0”-
"47"). When the processing of step SPa4 is completed, the processing moves to step SPa5 and the content of the register CHK becomes 1
It is judged whether or not it is ~ 3. This judgment is to judge whether the timing of the key event is within 1/4 of the timing of the beginning of the beat. If this determination is “YES”, the data in the register TCHD is written in the register CHD. The data (root note data + chord type data) written in this register TCHD is used for the following sound generation processing. On the other hand, if the determination in step SPa5 is “NO”,
It returns to the main routine "MAIN" and is written in the register CHD at the start timing of the next beat (see step SPd4 in FIG. 12). That is, when a key event occurs at the beginning of a beat, the changed root note data and chord type data of the chord are immediately written to the register CHD and used for the automatic accompaniment pronunciation process. If it occurs in a portion other than the portion, the root note data and chord type data of the changed chord are written in the register CHD after waiting until the beginning timing of the next beat. This is to avoid the fact that if the chord of the automatic accompaniment changes in the middle of a beat, it becomes unnatural musically.

When the processing of step SPa6 is completed, the root note data and the chord type data in the register CHD are written in the register ROOT and the register TYPE, respectively (see steps SPa7 and SPa8), and the processing of the "subroutine PAT.CHG" is carried out.

"Subroutine PAT / CHG" This process is a process for matching the automatic accompaniment performed before that with the automatic accompaniment based on the new key event when there is a key event.

First, in step SPb1, the pattern data RPD to be played next is read based on the selected rhythm type and the contents of the register TYPE, and written in the register PAT. Then, in step SPb2, the table select data TBLSEL at the address "-2" and the delay time data (see FIG. 3) at the address "-1" of the read pattern data RPD are respectively registered in the register TBLSEL.R and the register TBLSEL.R. Write to DLYTM. Next, the value of the register CLK, that is, the count value of the clock at that time is written to the pointer PNT (step SPb3), and it is determined whether the calculated value of PMT.MOD.2 is "0" (step SPb4). . This calculation is the clock count value (CLK value) at that point.
Is an operation for checking whether it is an even number or an odd number, and when it is “0”, it is an even number. If it is an even number, step SPb5
Then, the tone generation mode instruction data PD in the lower 4 bits of the address "PNT / 2" of the pattern data RPD is written in the register DT. If the operation in step SPb4 is odd, the process proceeds to step SPb6, and the tone generation mode instruction data PD in the upper 4 bits of the address "(PNT-1) / 2" of the pattern data RPD is written in the register DT. Steps described above
The processing of SPb4 to SPb6 is processing for matching the clock count value with the number of the sound generation mode instruction data PD. For example,
When the clock count value written in the pointer PNT is "1", the tone generation mode instruction data PD _{1 in} the upper 4 bits of the address "0" is selected, and when the clock count value is "46", the address 23 The sound generation mode instruction data PD _{46 in} the lower 4 bits of is selected (see FIG. 3).

In the above process, when the tone generation mode instruction data PD corresponding to the clock count value is written in the register DT, the process proceeds to step SPb7, and it is instructed whether or not the content of the register DT is (F) _H , that is, "do nothing". It is determined whether it is a thing. If this determination is “YES”, the value of the pointer PNT is decremented by 1, and the step SPb4 is executed again through the step SPb4.
Perform the following processing. In this process, the contents of register DT is (F) _H
It continues until it becomes something other than. Then, when data other than (F) _H is detected, the process moves to step SPb11 and the register D
It is determined whether the content of T is "0", that is, whether it is data for instructing key-off. This judgment is "YE
In the case of S ", if the contents of the register KEY ₀ ~ ₂ is" 0 "to return to the main routine" MAIN "(see FIG. 6), the channel ch0~2 of not" 0 "tone generator 12 Key off all (Step SPb1
6, SPb17), to return to after clearing the register KEY ₀ ~ _2.

Here, the above-mentioned steps SPb4 to SPb11 and step S
The meaning of the series of processing of Pb15 to SP17 will be described.

Now, assume that the chord C major is changed to the chord F major at the start timing of the third beat, as shown in FIG. It is assumed that the pattern data RPD corresponding to the chord F major newly read by this change is shown in FIG. 9B on the musical score. When this musical score is used as the pronunciation mode instruction data, it becomes as shown in FIG. 10, for example. Since the value of the register DLK at the start timing of the third beat is "24", the value written in the pointer PNT in step SPb3 is "24". Then, by the processing of step SPb4 → SPb5 → SPb7, step
In SPb7, it is determined whether or not the value of the tone generation instruction data PD ₂₄ is (F) _H. In this case, since it is (F) _H , the determination is “YES”. By the way, since the meaning of (F) _H is "do nothing", if the key-on is instructed before that, the sound is continued, and if the key-off is instructed, the mute state must be maintained. Therefore, if the pronunciation mode instruction data PD at a certain timing is (F) _H, it is unknown what kind of new pronunciation control should be performed. For this reason, it is necessary to search for the pronunciation mode instruction data of the timing before that other than (F) _H.
The processing of steps SPb4 to SPb10 is processing for performing this search. Now, in the above example, the pronunciation mode instruction data
Since PD ₂₄ is (F) _H , the preceding pronunciation mode instruction data PD
Examining ₂₃ , it is (0) _H , and it can be seen that the mute must be maintained at the clock count value "24". This mute determination is made in step SPb11 by selecting "YE
It corresponds when it becomes "S".

By the way, it is assumed that the pattern data RPD at the time of accompaniment of the chord C major before the key event is represented as shown in FIG. In this case, since the mute is instructed by the clock count value “23” as shown in the figure, the contents of the registers KEY ₀ to ₂ at this point are
All are "0" because of the mute instruction. That is, the sound generation mode at the clock count value “24” is the same before the change ((c) in the figure) and after the change ((b) in the figure). In such a case, the determination in step SPb15 is "Y
It becomes "ES", and the sound production control process is not performed and the process directly returns.

On the other hand, it is assumed that the pattern data RPD at the time of accompaniment of the chord C major before the key event is represented as shown in FIG. In this case, as shown in the figure, at the clock count value "23", it is necessary to continue the sound produced at the second beat. Therefore, register KEY ₀
Key codes (key codes of dotted quarter notes) corresponding to the pronunciation of the second beat are written in 2 to ₂ , respectively. But,
It is necessary to mute the clock count value "24" (third beat) after changing the chord (see (b) in the figure). Therefore,
In the above case it is to key off to mute the sound channel ch0~2 tone generator 12 proceeds to step SPb16, further returns to clear the register KEY ₀ ~ ₂ (step SPb17).

The above is steps SPb4 to SPb11 and steps SPb15 to SP.
It means the processing of b17.

The processing of steps SPb11 to SPb17 is the processing when the mute is instructed at the changed timing, but conversely, the sound may be instructed. In this case, the processing of steps SPb11 to SPb14 is performed. This process will be described below.

When the pronunciation pattern instruction data PD at the relevant timing in the changed pattern data is other than (F) _H and (0) _H , and the pronunciation pattern instruction data PD detected by tracing back from the relevant timing is other than (0) _H. In this case, the pronunciation is instructed after the change. In this case, step SPb11
Therefore, the determination in step SPb12 is performed. This determination is the same as the determination in step SPb15 described above, and in the case of "YES", the sound is muted at the timing by the pattern data before the change. Also,
In the case of "NO", the sound is produced at the timing according to the pattern data before the change. And step SPb1
When the determination of 2 is "YES", "0" is written in the flag MODE, and when it is "NO", "1" is written in the flag MODE (steps SPb13, 14). After this process, the process of the subroutine "PAT / KEY" is started. The tone generation process is performed in this subroutine.

Subroutine "PAT KEY (normal)" This subroutine is a subroutine for controlling the tone generation channels ch0 to ch2 of the tone generator 12.
However, the processing is different in each of the cases where the key-on mode shown in FIG. 5 is "normal", "tie key-on", and "delay key-on". Therefore, the case of "normal" will be described here.

First, in step SPc1 shown in FIG. 11, (DT-1) .M
Performs the operation of OD.4 and writes the operation result in the register TBLNO.R. This calculation is a calculation for converting the value of the tone generation mode instruction data PD into the pitch mode number TBLNO (see FIG. 5). Next, in step SPc2, an operation for converting the value of the pronunciation mode instruction data PD into a key-on mode number, that is, INT
Perform {(DT-1) / 4} and register the operation result in the register KONTP
Write in. In step SPc3, register OKEYi
Write the value of register KEYi (i = 0 to 2) to. The process of step SPc3 is a process of writing the previous key code generated in the channels ch0 to ch2 at this point in the register OKEY having the same number. Then, the flow proceeds to step SPc4, change the range of the root by the calculation shown in G ₃ ~F♯ _3, a process is executed to write the root note of the changed in the register RTKEY. An example of this processing is shown. If the root note data in the register ROOT is "0" indicating C note, (ROOT + 5) .MOD.1
When the calculation of 2 is performed, it becomes "5", and when "55" is added to this, it becomes "60". The key code “60” is a key code of C ₃ note, as shown in FIG.

Next, in step SPc5, the table matching the select number in the register TBLSEL.R (set in step SPb2) is read, and the register TBLN in this table is read.
The data corresponding to the pitch mode number TBLNO in OR is read.
Then, added respectively a number corresponding to each channel ch0~2 the read data to the value of the register RTKEY, writes each the addition result to the register KEY ₀ ~ _2. Now, the content of the register RTKEY is the key code "60", and
When the table is # 0, the pitch mode number TBLNO is 0, and the chord type is M (major), 4, 7, and 12 are added to 60 as shown in FIG. Therefore, the register
The KEY ₀ key code "64", the register KEY ₁ key code "67" is, in the register KEY ₂ key code "72" is written, respectively. These key codes "64", "67",
"72" each E ₃ sound, G ₃ sounds, corresponding to C ₄ sounds.

When the processing of step SPc5 is completed, the process moves to step SPc6 and it is determined whether the content of the register KONTP is "0", "1", or "2". That is, whether the key-on mode is “normal” or “delay key-on”,
It is determined whether or not it is “Tie Key On”.

Here, since "normal" will be described, the process proceeds to step SPc7. In this step SPc7, register
It is determined whether or not the content of MODE is "1", and if "NO", the key code written in the registers KEY ₀ to ₂ in step SPc5 is used for each tone generation channel in the tone generator 12.
It is supplied to ch0 to ch2, and the key code is sounded (step SPc8). On the other hand, if the content of the register MODE is "1", the determination at step SPc7 is "NO", and the register
Key code and tone generator written in the KEY ₀ ~ ₂
Sound is generated by exchanging the key codes in the sound generation channels ch0 to ch2 in 12 (step SPc9). In this way, the key codes are exchanged when the register MODE is "1" because the tone generation channels ch0 to ch2 continue to sound by the key code supplied before that (step SPb12, (See SPb14), replace the previous key code with the new key code in order to produce uninterrupted pronunciation (pronunciation corresponding to the slur symbol).

When the key-on process of steps SPc8 and SPc9 is completed, the process returns. This subroutine is called "PAT / CH"
When called in G "(Fig. 8), it is the main routine.

The above explanation of the operation is the sound generation process when there is a key event (chord change) during the automatic accompaniment.
→ "KEY / EVT" → "PAT / CHG" → "PAT / KEY", then return to the main routine "MAIN". If the pronunciation is not instructed at the timing of the changed pattern data, the subroutine "PAT / CHG"
After performing the muffling process (step SPb16) and the like, the process returns to the main routine "MAIN".

By the way, the normal sounding process of the automatic accompaniment is a process automatically performed based on the tempo clock TP. The processing in this case is performed by the subroutine "CLK.IRQ" shown in FIG. 12 and the subroutine "PAT.READ" shown in FIG. These will be described below.

Subroutine “CLK · IRQ” First, when the tempo clock TP is issued from the tempo clock generator 7 shown in FIG. 1, the CPU 2 is interrupted,
As a result, the processing shifts to the subroutine "CLK / IRQ". Then, in step SPd1, it is determined whether or not the flag RUN is "1". If "NO", the process returns, and if "YES", the process proceeds to step SPd2. In step SPd2, register
Rhythm sound generation processing (percussion-type sound generation) is performed according to the CLK value and the selected rhythm type.
Next, in step SPd3, it is determined whether the remainder obtained by dividing the content of the register CLK by 12 is "0". When this judgment is "YES", the contents of the register CLK indicate the start timing (0, 12, 24, 36) of the beat. If the determination in step SPd3 is "NO", immediately the subroutine "PAT READ"
Processing is performed, and if “YES”, the contents of register TCHD are written to register CHD, and then the above subroutine “PAT
-Go to "READ". The process of step SPd4 is a process for writing here the key code that has not been written to the register CHK because the determination at step SPa5 described above is "NO".

Subroutine "PAT READ" First, in step SPe1 shown in FIG. 13, the pattern data RPD to be played is selected based on the rhythm type and the chord type data in the register TYPE, and is written in the register PAT. Then, the table select data TBLS at the addresses "-2" and "-1" of the pattern data RPD
EL and delay time data are registered in TBLSE register
Write to LR and register DLYTM. Then step SP
At e3, it is judged whether the content of the register CLK is even or odd. If it is even, the process proceeds to step SPe4 and the register DT
And NDT have pronunciation data indicating the lower 4 bits and upper 4 bits of the address "CLK / 2" of the pattern data.
PD _n and PD _{n + 1} (n is the content of register CLK) are written respectively. If the content of the register CLK is odd, the pattern data address “(CLK-
1) / 2 "upper 4 bits and address" (CLK + 1) /
2 ”, the pronunciation mode instruction data PD _n and the lower 4 bits
PD _{n + 1} is written (step SPe5). This step S
By the processing of Pe4 and SPe5, the tone generation mode instruction data PD to be processed at that time is written in the register DT, and the register ND
The tone generation mode instruction data PD to be processed at the next timing (CLK + 1) is written in T. For example, when the content of the register CLK is "4", the tone generation mode instruction data PD ₄ and PD _{5 at the} address "2" shown in FIG. ₅ are written in the registers DT and NDT, and the content of the register DLK is "5". for the sound mode instruction data PD ₅ of address "2", and the pronunciation mode instruction data PD ₆ of address "3" is written register DT, the NDT. Note that the value of CLK + 1 is "4" in step SPe5.
When it becomes "8", the lower 4 bits of the address "0" are written.

Next, in step SPe6, the contents of the register DT are
(F) It is determined whether or not it is _H , that is, whether or not the tone generation mode instruction data PD to be processed at the timing is “do nothing”. If this determination is “YES”, the flow proceeds to step SPe11, and it is determined whether the content of the register NDT is (F) _H , that is, whether the tone generation mode instruction data PD to be processed next is “do nothing”. To be judged. If this determination is "YES", the process returns, and if "NO", it is determined in step SPe12 whether the content of the register DL1 is "0". The register DL1 has the step SP1 shown in FIG.
Since it has been cleared by the initialization process of step SPe12, the determination at step SPe12 becomes "YES", and the processing proceeds to step SPe15, at which it is determined whether the content of the register DL2 is "0". Since this register DL2 has also been reset in step SP1, the determination is “YES” and the routine returns.
Thus, if the contents of register DT is (F) _H ,
Via step SPe6, SPe11 or further step SP
Step of subroutine "CLK / IRQ" via e12 and SPe15
Return to SPd5. In step SPd5, a process of incrementing the content of the register CLK by 1 is performed.
The calculation shown in step SPd5 is performed in order to circulate the contents of the register CLK between "0" and "47".

On the other hand, when “NO” is obtained in step SPe6 shown in FIG. 13, the process proceeds to step SPe7, and it is determined whether or not the content of the register DT is (0) _H. If this judgment is "YES",
Since key-off is indicated in the timing, all the sound channel ch0~ch2 the tone generator 12 is key-off, also clears the register KEY ₀ ~ ₂ (step SPe8, SPe9). In step SPe7, "N
If "O" is determined, the flag is set in step SPe10.
After setting MODE to "0", move to the subroutine "PAT / KEY" processing.

The processing of the subroutine "PAT.KEY" is as described above. When the key-on mode is normal and the flag MODE is "0", sound is produced by the processing of steps SPc1 to SPc8. After this tone generation processing, the process returns to step SPe11. If the key-on mode is normal, step
It returns to step SPd5 of FIG. 12 through SPe11 or step SPe12SPe15 and increments the register CLK.

The above processing is performed every time the tempo clock TP is issued.
The above is the key-on mode “normal” processing.

B: Delay Key On Next, the case of delay key on will be described.

This delay key-on is a subroutine "PAT KEY",
It is the same as the above-mentioned normal case except that the processing contents in "PAT / READ" are changed and the processing of the subroutine "TIMER / IRQ" is added. First, the subroutine "PAT ・ K"
The processing of "EY" will be described.

Subroutine "PAT KEY" (delay key ON) First, steps SPc1 to SPc6 are the same as those in the normal case, but step SPc1 is determined by the determination in step SPc6.
Moving to 0, it is determined whether or not the register MOD is "1". If this determination is "YES", the flow proceeds to step SPc9, Could all three Kikodo to swap the Kikodo register KEY ₀ ~ in ₂ Kikodo in the channel CH0. That is, the delay key-on process is not performed, and three sounds are simultaneously sounded. This is because the register MOD becomes "1" when the chord change key event occurs and the pattern data before the change continues to sound, so if the delay key-on is performed with a new key code. This is because it becomes musically unnatural.

On the other hand, if “NO” is determined in step SPc10, the register DLYT is set in step SPb2 or step SPe2.
Delay time data written in M (see Fig. 5)
Is written in the register DL1 and the delay time data is doubled and written in the register DL2. Then, the flow proceeds to step SPc12, to the key-on to supply Kikodo in register KEY ₀ to channel ch _0. That is, register K
The EY ₀ key code (the lowest note in the chords as shown in FIG. 4) is played immediately without delay key-on.
Immediately after the processing of step SPc12 is completed, the process returns to the main routine "MAIN" or step SPe11 of FIG. 13 →
(SPc12,15) → Return to the main routine via SPd5 in FIG. The former is the case where "PAT-KEY" is called in the subroutine "PAT-CHG", and the latter is the case where "PAT-KEY" is called in the subroutine "PAT-READ". Then, when the pulse signal IP is output from the timer 8 during the circulation of the main routine "MAIN", the process proceeds to the subroutine "TIMER / IRQ". In this case, since the cycle of the pulse signal IP is set sufficiently shorter than the tempo clock TP, it is normally the next tempo clock TP.
Before is supplied, the processing of the subroutine "TIMER / IRQ" is performed.

Subroutine "TIMER / IRQ" First, in step SPf1, it is determined whether or not the content of the flag RUN is "1". If "NO", the main routine "MAI
Return to N ", and if" YES ", proceed to step SPf2. At step SPf2, it is judged whether or not the content of the register DL1 is "0". If it is "0", the process proceeds to step SPf6.
If not "0", 1 is subtracted from the content of the register DL1 (step SPf3). Then, it is judged whether or not the content of the register DL1 after the subtraction is "0" (step SPf4) and "0".
If so, the key code in register KEY ₁ is supplied to channel ch1 to turn it on. The judgment of step SPf4 is "NO"
In case of, proceed to step SPf6.

Next, the processing of steps SPf6 to SPf9 is the same as SPf2 to SPf described above.
This is the same processing as the processing up to f5 for the register DL2. Then, when the processing of step SPf9 is completed, the process returns, and when the pulse signal IP is supplied again, the process returns to this subroutine "TIMER / IRQ". in this way,
Each time the pulse signal IP is supplied, the subroutine "TIMER I
When the "RQ" processing is performed, the contents of the registers DL1 and DL2 in which the delay time data was originally written are changed to the step SPf.
3, will be successively subtracted by treatment SPf7, the subtraction result is the key code in the register KEY _1, KEY ₂ in when it becomes "0", is the key-on is supplied to the channel ch1 or channel ch2. That is, the sound of channel ch1 is delayed from the channel ch0 by the delay time data, and the content of the register DL2 is twice the content of the register DL1 (see step SPc11).
The pronunciation of is delayed by the delay time data from the pronunciation of channel ch1. The illustration is as shown in FIG.

Steps SPe13 to SPe17 of the subroutine "PAT READ" By the way, if the tempo of the song is fast, the delay key-on processing causes the sound timing of the delayed key code to lag behind the next note to be sounded later. Occurs. For example, as shown in Fig. 16, when the delay key-on process is performed for the chord of the first 16th note, the sounding timing of channel ch2 may be delayed from the sounding timing t ₁ of the next 16th note. . This is so because musically unnatural, when such interrupts the delay processing, performs processing for shifting the tone generation timing of the channel ch2 before timing t _1.

The processing of steps SPe13 to SPe17 of the subroutine "PAT / READ" is for this purpose. This process will be described below.

Now, it is assumed that the next tempo clock TP is issued before the delay key-on process is completed. As a result, the process reaches "PAT / READ" through the subroutine "CLK / IRQ". Then, the determination of step SPe11 is performed through steps SPe1 to SPe6. In this case, when the sound is generated at the timing of the next tempo clock TP, the determination in step SPe11 is “NO”, and therefore step SPe12
Then, it is determined whether or not the content of the register DL1 is "0". If this determination is “NO”, it means that the delay key-on processing has not been performed for the sounding channel ch1, so the register DL1 is cleared in step SPe13, and the key code in the register KEY _{1 for the} channel ch1 is also cleared. To forcibly turn on the key (step SPe1
Four). On the other hand, if the determination in step SPe12 is "YES",
In step SPe15, it is determined whether the content of the register DL2 is "0". If this determination is "YES", it means that the delay key-on processing for both channels ch1 and ch2 has been completed, so the main routine "MAI" is executed via step SPd5.
Return to N ". If" NO "in step SPe15, the register DL2 is cleared and the key code in the register KEY2 is supplied to the channel ch2 to forcibly turn on the key. After this processing, the process returns to the main routine "MAIN" via step SPd5.

The above is the delay key-on processing.

C: Thai Key On Next, the process of Thai key on will be described. In this case, the processing is the same as the normal processing described above, except for the processing of the subroutine "PAT.KEY".

The processing of steps SPc1 to SPc6 of the subroutine "PAT / KEY" is the same as that in the normal case, but it is "1" in the determination of step SPc6, and the routine proceeds to step SPc13. In step SPc13, the register i is cleared, and further, in step SPc14, the register j is cleared. Then, in step SPc15, the contents of the register OKEYi and the register KEYi are compared. This process is a process of determining whether or not the previous key code data written in the register OKEYi in step SPc3 and the current key code data written in the register KEYi in step SPc5 match. In step SPc15, it is also determined whether or not the contents of the register i and the register j are different. The first judgment in this step SPc15 is the comparison of the contents of the register OKEY ₀ and the register KEY ₀ , but since i = j, the judgment is NO, and the step SPc1
Go to 7. In step SPc17, 1 is added to the content of the register j, and the process proceeds to step SPc18. Step SPc18 is a process of determining whether or not the value of the register j is less than "3". If the addition process of step SPc17 is less than or equal to "2", it becomes "YES", and the process proceeds to step SPc15 again to perform the comparison process. The second comparison processing in step SPc15 is a comparison as to whether or not OKEY ₀ = KEY ₁ . This judgment is "YE
If "S", the contents of the register KEYi and the register KEYj are exchanged (step SPc16). That is, in the above case, the contents of the register KEY ₀ and the register KEY ₁ are exchanged. Thereafter, the contents of the register j are incremented in the same manner, and the process of step SPc15 is performed again. When the process of step SPc17 is performed after this process, the determination at step SPc18 becomes "NO", and the content of the register i is incremented at step SPc19. Next, in step SPc20, it is determined whether the content of the register i is less than 3.
This judgment is “Y” when the processing in step SPc19 is less than twice.
Since it becomes "ES", the process returns to step SPc14 again. That is, the value of the register i is set to "1" and the above process is repeated. After that, similarly, the value of the register i is set to 2 and the above processing is performed, and when the step SPc20 is reached again, this determination is “NO”.
Then, the loop consisting of steps SPc14 to SPc20 is exited.

When the register OKEYi = KEYj by the processing of this loop, the contents of the register KEYi and the contents of the register KEYj are exchanged. This allows register KEYi (i = ₀ ~
_{If the} key code to be sounded next in ₂ ) is the same as the key code of the sounding channel chi that is currently sounded, it is replaced with the register KEYi having the same number as that sounding channel. However, if the same key code is written in the register KEYi having the same number as the tone generation channel chi from the beginning, this process is not performed because there is no need for replacement.

For example, the current G ₃ sounds as shown in FIG. 17, B ₃ sounds, and chord (chord G) is Sose by D ₄ sound register Okey _0, OK
It is assumed that the key codes “67”, “71”, and “74” are written in EY ₁ and OKEY ₂ , respectively. And the next sound to be pronounced
Registers KEY ₀ , KEY ₁ , and KE with E ₃ note, G ₃ note, and D ₄ note (chord C _9th )
It is assumed that the key codes “64”, “67” and “74” are written in Y ₂ respectively. In this case, KEY ₂ = O KEY ₂ , KEY ₁ = O
It is KEY ₀ and there is no match for KEY ₀ . Therefore, register KEY ₂ remains the same, but register KE
The contents of Y ₁ and KEY ₀ are exchanged. The correspondence is shown below.

Next, when the register i is cleared in step SPc21, the register OKEYi and the register i are cleared in step SPc22.
It is determined whether the contents of the same number of KEYi are equal. If the result of this determination is "NO", then step SPc23
It is judged whether the flag MODE is "1" or not, and if it is "NO", it means that there is no sound currently being sounded. Therefore, the key code of the register KEYi is supplied to the sound generation channel chi to perform the key-on processing. (Step SPc24). Also, step SPc23
If the determination is "YES", it means that there is a sound currently being sounded, so the key code of the sound generation channel chi and the key code of the register KEYi are exchanged to perform sound generation processing (step SPc25). After these processes, the register i is incremented in step SPc26, the process proceeds to step SPc22 via step SPc27, and the above operation is repeated.

On the other hand, if the determination in step SPc22 is "YES", new sound generation processing (steps SPc24, 25) is not performed, and step SPc2
Through SPc27, step SPc22 is reached, and the above processing is repeated. If no new sound generation processing is performed in this manner, the sound generation channel chi continues to emit the previous sound.

Then, when the processing of steps SPc22 to SPc26 is performed three times, the determination at step SPc27 becomes "NO" and the routine returns.

Here, if the above processing is performed in the example shown in Table 1, OKEYi = KEYi at i = 0 and i = 2, so new sounding processing is not performed for sounding channels ch0 and ch2. The previous sounds D ₄ and G ₃ continue to be emitted. Further, for the sound generation channel ch1, a new sound E _{3 is} sounded in step SPc24. As a result, as shown in FIG. 17, the D ₄ note and the G ₃ note are pronounced as notes connected by tie marks.

The above is the tie-key on processing.

D: Example of overall operation FIG. 18 is an example of pattern data. FIG. 19 shows a performance example when the table # 0 is selected by the pattern data and the chord type is C major. As shown in this figure, the start timing of the first beat (CL
K = “0”), the pronunciation mode instruction data PD ₀ is (9) _H
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, the key-on mode is delay key-on and the pitch mode number TBLNO is "0". Thus, playing a delay key-on of the 19 E ₃ sounds as shown in FIG, G ₃ sounds, C ₄ sounds. At the timing when the register CLK becomes "1" to "10", nothing is done because the sound generation mode instruction data PD is (F) _H. Register CLK
At the timing when is “11”, since the sound generation mode instruction data PD becomes (0) _H , the above sounds are muted. As a result, as shown in FIG. 19, E ₃ note, G ₃ note, and C ₄ note are pronounced in quarter note length. Then, at the timing when the register CLK becomes “12”, the tone generation mode instruction data PD is (1) _H
Therefore, with normal key-on, pitch mode number TBLNO
"0" is selected. Therefore, in this time, E ₃ sound, G ₃ sounds, the C ₄ sound emitted. Then, since the sounding mode instruction data at the timing when the register CLK becomes “17” is (0) _H , the above sounds are muted at this point. As a result, each of the above notes is sounded at the length of an eighth note. Next, since the tone generation mode instruction data PD at the timing when the register CLK becomes “18” is (A) _H , the pitch mode number TBLNO becomes “1” when the delay key is turned on. As a result, C
_9th chord is pronounced (see Fig. 4), E ₃ note, G
₃ sound, D ₄ sound is pronounced. And the register CLK becomes "2
Since the tone generation mode instruction data PD at the timing of "4" is (5) _H , the key-on mode is tie key-on and the pitch mode number TBLNO is "0" as shown in FIG. As a result, E ₃ sound, G ₃ sound, C ₄ sound is produced, and E ₃ sound, G ₃ sound is generated.
The sound is connected by the Thai symbol. Also, since the pronunciation mode instruction data at the final timing of the second beat (CLK = “23”) is not (0) _H , the C ₄ note of the 3rd beat is sounded without muffling (when changing the key code, Pronunciation), the pronunciation of sounds connected by slur symbols. Next, at the timing when the register CLK becomes "29", the mute is instructed, and thereafter, the sounding mode instruction data PD is (F) _H until the leading timing of the fourth beat. As a result, eighth rests are expressed as shown in FIG. Then, at the beginning timing of the 4th beat and at the timing of 1/2 of the 4th beat, the pronunciation mode instruction data PD is (3) _H , (1) _H , so ♭ E
₃ notes, ♭ G ₃ notes, ♭ C ₄ notes (= B ₃ notes) and E ₃ notes, G ₃ notes, C
_Four tones are pronounced each with a length of eight notes.

(3: Modification of Embodiment) The above embodiment can be modified as follows.

In the above-described embodiment, the performance of the accompaniment keyboard is mainly described, but a melody keyboard may be added to perform the melody performance together.

As an automatic accompaniment form, I showed a single chord performance,
It is also possible to combine it with other parts such as bass sounds and automatic arpeggios. Further, although the root note itself is not pronounced in the above-mentioned embodiment, the root note may be also pronounced.

In the delay key-on, the dedicated timer 8 measures the delay time, but the tempo clock TP may be used to measure the delay time.

The tempo resolution and time signature are “48” in the embodiment.
However, the resolution is not limited to this, and other arbitrary resolutions and time signatures can be set, and they can be configured in combination.

Although a plurality of tables are provided in the embodiment, the number of tables may be one. In this case, the table select data TBSEL becomes unnecessary.

In the embodiment, the change of the pitch is performed by selecting the pitch mode number TBLNO in the table according to the sound mode instruction data PD, but it may be calculated without depending on the table.

For example, in the case of a semitone lowering change (pitch mode number 2 in FIG. 5) or the like, a process of mechanically subtracting 1 from the numerical value of the key code may be performed.

"Effects of the Invention" As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to control the shift time of each constituent sound of a chord and automatically perform an accompaniment performance with a varying backing calculation effect. .

In addition, when the shift pronunciation canceling means is provided, the pronunciation of the constituent notes delayed for the shift pronunciation does not occur after the pronunciation timing of the next chord, thus avoiding a musical unnatural accompaniment. can do.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a view showing a relationship between key codes and keys used in the embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a format of rhythm pattern data in the embodiment. FIG. 4, FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the contents of a table for determining the pitch of the chord of the automatic accompaniment, FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the function of the pronunciation mode instruction data, and FIG. 6 is the main routine of the same embodiment. Flow charts, FIG. 7, FIG. 8, FIG. 11, FIG. 12, FIG. 13, FIG. 13 and FIG. 14 are flow charts showing subroutines of the same embodiment respectively, and FIG. 9 is a case where there is a key event during automatic accompaniment. 10 is a diagram showing an example of pronunciation mode instruction data, FIG. 15 is a timing diagram for explaining the delay key-on process, and FIG. 16 is a prohibition process in the delay key-on process. For timing FIG. 17, FIG. 17 is a musical score for explaining the tie-key on processing, FIG. 18 is a diagram showing an example of pronunciation mode instruction data in the general operation example, and FIG. 19 is a case where the pronunciation mode instruction data shown in FIG. 18 is used. It is a musical score showing an example of performance. 1 ... Keyboard circuit, 2 ... CPU, 3 ... Program memory, 4 ... Working memory, 5 ... Rhythm pattern memory, 6 ... Table memory, 7 ... Tempo clock generator, 8 ... Timer, 12 ...... Tone generator.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A chord designating means for designating a chord to be played, b. Pattern data for sequentially instructing the generation of chords based on a clock signal in accordance with the progress of a piece of music, and a deviation when each constituent tone of the chord is generated. Pattern storage means for storing a plurality of patterns with the shift time data indicating the above as one pattern, and c. A pattern selection means for selecting one from the plurality of patterns stored in the pattern data storage means, d. reading means for reading each data of the pattern selected by the pattern selecting means based on the clock signal; and e. when the pattern data read by the reading means indicates the generation of a chord, According to the shift time data read by the reading means, control is performed to shift the generation timing of each constituent sound of the specified chord. Automatic sound control means, and f. Musical tone generating means for generating each constituent sound of the chord designated by the chord designating means at the generation timing controlled by the shift generation control means. Accompaniment device. 2. A chord designating means for designating a chord to be played, b. Pattern data for sequentially instructing the generation of chords based on a clock signal as the music progresses, and a deviation when each constituent sound of the chord is produced. Pattern storage means for storing a plurality of patterns with the shift time data indicating the above as one pattern, and c. A pattern selection means for selecting one from the plurality of patterns stored in the pattern data storage means, d. reading means for reading each data of the pattern selected by the pattern selecting means based on the clock signal; and e. when the pattern data read by the reading means indicates the generation of a chord, According to the shift time data read by the reading means, control is performed to shift the generation timing of each constituent sound of the specified chord. Staggered sound generation control means, f. Musical tone generation means for generating each constituent sound of the chord designated by the chord designation means at the generation timing controlled by the shift generation control means, and g. Read data by the read means. When the read data by the reading means at the performance timing after the generation of the chord constituent tones is instructed to generate the chord, the staggered sound generation control means shifts the chord constituent tones. An automatic accompaniment apparatus comprising: a shift sound canceling means for canceling the control to be performed before the performance timing and forcibly generating the constituent sound that has not been generated yet.