JPH0671516B2 - Dehydrator - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a dehydrator for squeezing a liquid from a fiber product containing the liquid.

(Prior Art) FIG. 8 is a schematic layout view of a conventional dehydrator for laundry and the like, FIG.
The figure is a cross-sectional view of a drainage plate applied to the apparatus.

10 to 14 show an example of a squeezing section in a conventional dehydrator.

In the figure, reference numeral 101 denotes a continuous water washing machine, which is adapted to intermittently load a fixed amount of laundry 102 into a hollow housing 104 of a preliminary dewatering device 103. This housing 104 has a fixed body 105 having a plurality of small holes for drainage on the outer circumference.
And an air cylinder (not shown) around the pin 106
It is composed of a rotary cylinder 107 that also has a plurality of small holes on the outer circumference and that rotates to the position of the dashed line.

Reference numeral 108 denotes a preliminary press air cylinder, which is arranged above the housing 104, and a pressing plate 109 is attached to the tip of a piston rod 110 so that the pressing plate 109 can move up and down in the housing 104. A conveyor belt 111 is arranged between the preliminary dewatering device 103 and the main dewatering device 112, and the belt has a plurality of small holes for drainage. A bowl-shaped member 113 has a membrane 115 such as a diaphragm capable of covering the pre-dehydrated laundry 114 attached to the opening edge. An air cylinder 116 for raising and lowering is provided with a bowl-shaped member 113 attached to the tip of a piston rod 117 and can be raised and lowered. Reference numeral 118 denotes a pressurizing chamber, which is connected to a lifting air cylinder 116 that communicates with a pressure liquid tank, a pump, and the like (not shown), and a hollow piston rod 117 that guides the pressure liquid, and connects the membrane 115 to the bowl-shaped member 113. While being brought into contact with the inner wall, the surface of the laundry 114 is pressed by being warmed during the main dehydration as shown in the figure. A discharge conveyor 119 conveys the laundry 120 after the main dehydration to a dryer (not shown). A drain plate 121 is fixed to a frame (not shown) between the upper and lower belts of the conveyor belt 111, and multiple drain grooves 122 are formed on the surface thereof.

Now, as the above-mentioned batch type dehydrator, for example, the one shown in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 50-50764 is known, and in these dehydrators, the laundry 102 from the continuous type water washer 101 is stored in the housing 104. Received in the spare press air cylinder 1
08 is actuated to lower the pressing plate 109 and preliminarily dehydrate the laundry 102 to prepare it into a cake shape.

Next, the rotary drum 107 is rotated to the position indicated by the chain double-dashed line, the conveyor belt 111 is conveyed in the direction of the arrow, and the cake is transferred to the bottom of the bowl-shaped member 113 of the dehydrator 112. When the laundry 114 reaches under the bowl-shaped member 113, the conveyor belt 111 stops. Next, the bowl-shaped member 113 descends by the lifting air cylinder 116 to cover the laundry 114 on the conveyor belt 111, and the bowl-shaped member 113, the membrane 115, the conveyor belt 111, the drain plate 121, etc. are integrally clamped by a clamp (not shown). To do.

When the clamp is completed, a tank for pressure liquid not shown,
A pressure liquid (usually water is used) is introduced into the pressurizing chamber 118 by a pump or the like, the membrane 115 starts to descend, and the laundry is washed.
Close to 114. Further, the pressurized liquid is introduced into the pressurizing chamber 118, and the laundry 114 is pressed through the membrane 115,
To dehydrate.

When the laundry 114 is dehydrated, a clamp (not shown)
Is removed, the pressure liquid is discharged from the pressurizing chamber 118, the bowl-shaped member 113 and the membrane 115 rise, and the laundry is dehydrated.
120 is conveyed to a dryer (not shown) by a conveyor 119.

Here, the behavior in which the laundry 114 is dehydrated inside the bowl-shaped member 113 will be described in more detail.

As shown in FIG. 10, the membrane 115 is a rubber film that is mounted between the stopper 2 and a bowl-shaped member (hereinafter referred to as a bell) 113 and is used for squeezing out water from the laundry, for example. The stopper 2 is fixed to the inner peripheral wall of the bowl 113 having a bowl shape by welding or the like.

The bell 113 is a pressure holding container having pressurized water 118 in a space formed between the bell 113 and the membrane 115. The conveyor belt 111 has a hole or a space that penetrates the upper and lower surfaces thereof and allows liquid to pass therethrough, and a drain plate 121 is arranged on the lower surface thereof. As described above, this drainage plate 121 has a multiplicity of grooves 122 for allowing liquid to pass therethrough,
The lower surface is supported by a frame 8 made of a plate or structure having strength. Reference numeral 9 denotes a clamp, which prevents and holds the bell 113 and the conveyor belt 111 from being separated from each other due to the pressure of the water pressure 10. The clamp 9 is retracted to the position indicated by the chain double-dashed line when not dehydrated.

The pressurized water 118 is pressurized water sent by a pump or the like (not shown), and squeezes the laundry through the membrane 115. In addition, 11 is the laundry to be squeezed under pressure, 114 is the laundry before being similarly pressurized, 13 is the flow direction of water when pressurized (Fig. 10), and 14 is negative. Flow direction of water under pressure (Fig. 12)
Is shown.

Next, its operation will be described. FIG. 12 shows a state before squeezing (during suction). Pressurized water 118 is drained by a pump or the like (not shown) in the direction indicated by symbol 14, and the membrane 115 is bell 1
It deforms upward along the inner curved surface 13 and is stopped at its peripheral edge by the stopper 2.

The bell 113 is movable up and down, and when it is located above, the laundry 114 is preformed in the previous step and is conveyed below the bell 113 by the conveyor belt 111.

After that, the bell 113 descends, and the state shown in FIG. 12 is reached at this time, and the space 15 exists between the laundry 114 and the membrane 115. Then, the clamp 9 shown in FIG.
Is moved from the position of the chain double-dashed line to the position of the solid line, and the frame 8
And hold and fix bell 113.

When the holding and fixing by the clamp 9 is performed, the water flowing in the direction of the symbol 14 is switched to the direction of the symbol 13 by the flow path switching device (not shown), and the laundry 114 is squeezed by the pressurized water 118 through the membrane 115. In the pressurized state shown in FIG. 10, the squeezed water passes through the holes of the conveyor belt 111 and is drained to the outside through the groove 122 of the drain plate 121.

The membrane 115 used in the conventional dehydrator has a flat plate shape having hooks on the periphery as shown in FIG. 11, and is deformed as shown in FIG. 12 as described above.
It is stretched by ~ 70%, and rubber with good elongation of 300-700% is used. And when dehydrating
As shown in FIG. 13, the liquid is drained while being deformed along the laundry 11.

By the way, when the laundry 114 is squeezed by the above-mentioned method, the volume thereof is reduced and the height is reduced to half or less. However, since the pressurizing direction is from above, the diameter of the laundry 11 becomes large on the contrary. For example, the laundry having a diameter of 950 mm has a diameter of 1000 mm to 1050 mm after being squeezed. At this time, as shown in FIG. 13, narrowed portions 17 and 18 are formed in the outer peripheral portion of the membrane 115, the outer peripheral portion of the laundry 11 is pressed against the conveyor belt 111 by the membrane 115, and the outer peripheral portion of the laundry 11 is formed. The volume decreases while the is locked.

Generally, the laundry 114 before pressing is not distributed with a uniform density, and a space 25 is likely to be generated inside the laundry 11 during pressing, particularly in the outer peripheral portion thereof (FIG. 14).

Therefore, if compression is continued while the outer peripheral portion is locked, the membrane 115 extends in the direction of arrow 19 and moves in the direction of arrow 20, and thus laundry with little extension may be broken.

As the membrane 115 in the conventional dehydrator, the 11th
As shown in the figure, the main body is made of a highly stretchable material, and there is a flat plate whose height is increased only at a small part of its peripheral edge. The ratio is about 0% to 10% of the radius. When this membrane 115 is mounted in the state shown in FIG. 14, the hardness is increased only in the outermost peripheral portion 21, so that the membrane 115 does not come off from the stopper 2, but the triangular portion 22 is always generated in the vicinity thereof. Therefore, the outer peripheral portion of the laundry 11 is easily locked in the triangular portion 22, and when the laundry 11 is squeezed by the pressurized water 10 through the membrane 115 as shown in FIG. Will often occur.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In a dehydrator for laundry and the like, it is important to dehydrate the laundry without damaging it. Therefore, conventionally, as described above, the laundry from the continuous laundry is first received in the housing for the preliminary press, and the preliminary press air cylinder is operated to slowly compare the water and the air contained in the laundry. A method is used in which the main dehydration is carried out after pushing it out with a weak force and adjusting it into a cake shape for the time being.

As a result, since a large amount of water and air have already been removed from the laundry during this spin-drying, the air in the laundry due to the pressure during spin-drying and the sudden breakage of water should not easily break the laundry. It is considered.

However, in such a dewatering device, according to the conventional membrane, a pinched portion of the object to be squeezed having a triangular cross section is formed between the outermost peripheral portion and the conveyor belt during dewatering,
At the end of the dehydration, there has been a problem that the peripheral edge portion of the squeezed product is bitten into the sandwiched portion, and at the same time, the membrane is subjected to a force toward the central portion to easily sever the squeezed product.

The present invention was developed to solve these points,
Even if the sandwiching part is formed between the outermost peripheral part of the membrane and the conveyor belt, a new and effective membrane is attached so that the pulling force of the membrane does not act on the object to be compressed sandwiched there. Accordingly, the present invention is intended to provide a dehydrating device that eliminates breakage of laundry in the dehydrating process.

(Means for Solving Problems) Therefore, the present invention is a dehydrator including a preliminary dehydrator and a main dehydrator installed between a continuous water washer and a dryer, and the dehydrator is vertically movable. It is composed of a pressure body and a membrane forming a pressure chamber between the pressure body and 15% to 35% of the radius from the outer peripheral end of the membrane toward the center thereof.
%, Preferably 18% to 32% of the width of the outer peripheral portion over the range in contact with the object to be squeezed is made smaller than that of the central portion adjacent to the outer peripheral portion. It is a means to

(Function) 15% of the radius from the outer edge of the membrane to its center
-35%, preferably 18% -32% width of the outer peripheral edge over the range in contact with the object to be compressed is formed to be smaller than the central portion adjacent to the outer peripheral portion, so that the bell is attached to the membrane Even when the squeezing of the object to be squeezed is started, the expansion of the outer peripheral portion of the membrane is suppressed, the same portion does not deform toward the center of the membrane even during deliquoring, and moves only in the squeezing direction. Therefore, even if a part of the object to be compressed is locked in the narrowed portion between the peripheral edge of the membrane and the conveyor belt, a tensile force does not act on the object to be compressed and is not broken.

Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Here, the description will focus on the parts different from the conventional dehydrator shown in FIG.

FIG. 1 shows an example of a membrane used in a dehydrator according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 51 is a membrane made of natural rubber or the like and its cross-sectional shape is the same as that of a conventional one. However, in the membrane of the present embodiment, the hardness is increased over the considerable width of the outer peripheral portion.

Specifically, in the membrane in the conventional device shown in FIG. 11, the hardness of only the outermost peripheral portion of the bell 113 engaging with the stopper 2 is increased, but according to this embodiment, As shown in FIG. 2, not only the engaging portion with the stopper 2 but also the corresponding portion that wraps the object to be compressed beyond the narrowing portion 56 formed between the membrane 51 and the conveyor belt. I am raising. To explain this more specifically, the length l ₁ of the hatched portion 52 shown in FIG. ₁ occupies 15% to 35% of the radius to the center 53, preferably 18% to 32%. The hardness is increasing. For example with respect to hardness H _S 40 ° other than the hatched portion 52, the hardness H _S 60 ° combination or the like of the hatched portion 52 are conceivable.

Here, if the ratio is 32% or more, especially 35% or more, the stretchable portion of the membrane 51 is too small to be uniformly deformed during squeezing, resulting in the state shown in FIG. It cannot be wrapped completely and cannot be evenly squeezed, making its use practically impossible.

Incidentally, in the hardness increasing portion 21 of the membrane 115 in the conventional dehydrator shown in FIG. 11, the value corresponding to l ₁ shown in FIG. ₁ is 0% to 10% as described above.

When the structure of the membrane is the same as that of this embodiment, the extension of the outer peripheral portion of the membrane 51 in the direction of arrow 54 in FIG. 2 is suppressed, and this portion is in the direction of arrow 54 during deliquoring, that is, the membrane.
It does not deform in the central direction of 51, and changes only in the direction of arrow 55, which is the direction in which the object to be compressed is squeezed. Therefore, even if the object to be squeezed is locked at the narrowed portion indicated by 56, no tensile force acts on the object to be squeezed and breakage does not occur.

FIG. 4 shows a membrane 61 used in another embodiment of the present invention, which is the same as the above-mentioned embodiment in that the hardness of the shaded portion 62 which is the outer peripheral portion of the membrane 61 is increased, In the case of this embodiment, the hatched portion 62 is raised to form a bowl-shaped cross section, which is close to the shape of the object to be squeezed after deliquoring.

Here, the length l ₂ toward the center of the portion where the hardness is increased is set in the same manner as the length l ₁ shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 shows the operation when the membrane 61 shown in FIG. 4 is attached to a dehydrator or the like.

At the time of deliquoring, the slanted line portion 62 having high hardness of the membrane 61 moves only in the direction of arrow 55 (the pressing direction of the object to be squeezed), and even if the lock portion indicated by reference numeral 56 is formed, the object to be squeezed does not The tensile force does not act, and only the compression force is applied, and the object to be squeezed does not break.

Further, since the cross-sectional shape of the membrane 61 is approximated to the shape of the object to be squeezed to be drained as shown in FIG. 4, the hardness-increased portion of the shaded portion 62 is in the direction of arrow 54 in FIG. That is, the force in the radial direction of the membrane 61 does not act, which is particularly effective.

FIG. 6 shows a membrane applied to the third embodiment, and the outer peripheral portion 72 of the membrane 71 has its peripheral edge portion hardened over a considerable width in the same manner as the membrane in the first embodiment. In the present embodiment, the protrusion 73 is attached or integrally formed on the surface of the membrane 71 opposite to the engagement surface with the stopper 2.

The protrusion 73 has lip portions 73a and 73b formed when the membrane 71 is in the suction state, and in the pressurized state, the lip portion is deformed flat as shown in FIG. Prevent.

In other words, the locked portion is eliminated and the membrane 71 is not changed at this portion, so that the narrowing prevention effect can be further exerted.

In the above embodiments, the outer peripheral portion of the main body of the membrane is radially covered with a width of 15% to 35%, preferably 18% to 32% of the radius of the inside of the rubber, the surface of the rubber or the inside and the rubber of the rubber, for example, nylon. Alternatively, a reinforcing member such as cotton, polyester, or an elastic material may be added, or the thickness of rubber may be made larger than that of other portions. Further, the above respective embodiments may be combined with each other.

Then, in each of these embodiments, smoothing processing described below may be further performed. A thin layer is smoothed on the entire surface of the membrane that contacts the object to be squeezed. The smoothed surface is formed by coating or adhering the surface of the membrane with a resin having a small friction coefficient such as a fluororesin. Alternatively, considering that the material itself, such as rubber, has a low hardness, which makes it difficult to slip with the object to be squeezed, a very thin layer portion (several microns to several microns) on the surface of the membrane is considered. (100 micron) may be hardened so that the hardness becomes H _S 75 ° or more. Furthermore, the surface subjected to the hardening treatment may be subjected to the above-mentioned smoothing treatment.

Therefore, in the present invention, all the above processes are referred to as smoothing process and used.

Explaining the function and effect of the membrane subjected to the above treatment,
By making the surface slippery, it is possible to always form the laundry into an averaged shape after dehydration, even if the laundry is biased before dehydration as shown in FIG. .
As a result, the laundry having a uniform residual water content can be obtained, and problems such as drying and ironing in the subsequent steps do not occur. In other words, in drying, ironing, etc., it is necessary to set the treatment conditions in accordance with the portion with the highest residual water content and to perform drying, etc., so that other portions are likely to be overdried, which damages the fibers. If the residual water ratio becomes uniform, the fibers will not be damaged, and the energy loss will be reduced. The surface of the membrane is smoothed,
It has been clarified from many experiments that the use of a laundry having a friction coefficient of less than 1.0 makes it easier for the laundry to slip out of the narrowed portion 56 and does not damage the laundry.

Further, this smoothing treatment improves the relative slippage with the main blender even if the laundry expands when the pressure of the pressurized water is released at the end of the dehydration, eliminating clogging by the membrane and preventing sticking. Therefore, this also improves productivity without stopping the function.

Here, the comparison test data of the product of the present invention in which the hardness of the peripheral portion of the membrane is increased and the conventional product are shown below.

By adding the protrusion 73 to the hardness increasing portion having a radius ratio of 26%, the breakage rate was reduced to 0.389%.

Furthermore, by making the same membrane into a bowl shape and performing smoothing treatment, the breakage rate was further reduced to 0.050%.

(Effects of the Invention) As described in detail above, in the present invention, the range from the outer peripheral edge of the membrane to the center thereof is 15% to 35% of the radius, preferably 18% to 32% in the range of contact with the object to be squeezed. Since the extension of the outer peripheral edge across is formed to be smaller than the extension of the central portion adjacent to the outer peripheral portion, even if the outer peripheral edge portion of the object to be squeezed is thinly narrowed at the time of liquid removal, the force in the pulling direction does not act, It will not break.

In particular, by making the cross-sectional shape of the membrane similar to the shape at the end of squeezing of the object to be squeezed and making it convex upward, the change in rubber is reduced and unnecessary force does not act on the object to be squeezed more The life of the dehydrator can be extended, and a more effective dehydrator can be obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a membrane used in an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part showing a state in which the membrane shown in FIG. Is a cross-sectional view showing a defect of the membrane when the hardness of the outer peripheral portion is increased more than necessary, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the membrane used in the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part showing a state during pressurization when the membrane shown in the figure is attached to a dehydrator, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part showing a suction state of the membrane used in the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the main parts showing the pressurized state, FIG. 8 is a schematic layout view of a conventional dehydrator, FIG. 9 is a sectional view of a drain plate applied to the device, and FIG. 10 is a conventional dehydrator. Cross section of the machine during dehydration, No. 11
Figure is a sectional view showing the natural state of the conventional membrane, FIG. 12 is a sectional view showing the suction state of the conventional dehydrator, FIG. 13 is a sectional view showing the state under pressure by the conventional membrane,
FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of a main part during pressing using a conventional membrane. Description of the main parts of the figure 51,61,71 …… Membrane 52,62,72 …… Outer peripheral part l ₁ , l ₂ …… (Radial direction with little rubber elongation) Length

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A dehydrator comprising a preliminary dehydrator installed between a continuous water washer and a dryer, and a main dehydrator, wherein the main dehydrator is between a pressurizable body that can be raised and lowered. And a membrane that forms a pressurizing chamber with a radius of 15% to 35%, preferably 18% to 32% of the radius from the outer peripheral edge toward the center of the membrane, and spans the range in contact with the object to be compressed. A dehydration device characterized in that the extension of the outer peripheral portion is made smaller than the extension of the central portion adjacent to the outer peripheral portion.