JPH0672231B2 - Lubricant - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention is a nitrogen-containing esterification product having excellent lubricity, and is used as rolling oil, cutting oil, grinding oil, lubricating oil for metal plastic working, and the like. The present invention relates to a cold rolling oil for a steel sheet, which is particularly excellent in lubricity and high mill cleanliness, that is, excellent in lubricity and annealing, and a cutting and grinding oil agent excellent in cutting and grinding.

(Prior Art) With the rapid development of various machine industries in recent years, the usage conditions of lubricating oils have become severe, and excellent lubricating characteristics have been required.

The cold rolling oil used for thin steel sheets is roughly classified into those based on animal and vegetable fats (beef tallow, lard, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, palm oil, coconut oil, etc.) and those based on mineral oil. To be done. recent years,
High-speed rolling, high-pressure reduction rolling, and mill-clean rolling are aimed at with energy conservation and improvement in production efficiency. Rolling oils that use animal and vegetable oils as base oils are suitable for high load and high speed rolling, but if directly annealed without degreasing the oil adhered to the cold-rolled steel sheet, the steel sheet will be used in the annealing process. Surface stains occur. In other words, it has excellent lubricity but is unsuitable for mill cleanliness.

On the other hand, when cold rolling is performed using a rolling oil that uses mineral oil as a base oil, even if the cold-rolled steel sheet is directly annealed, surface contamination does not occur and the mill cleanness is excellent. But,
High load and lack of high speed rolling property.

In general, rolling oils based on mineral oils are used in order to improve rolling lubricity, animal and vegetable fats and oils and fatty acids (capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linolenic acid, etc.) or oil chemistry '73. -Ester oils (synthetic esters such as trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, 2-ethylhexylalcohol monoesters, diesters, polyolesters, etc.) as listed in November issue p.695-706 It is used by adding an improving agent, but the addition amount of these is adjusted to a narrow range of the minimum necessary for maintaining the mill cleanliness. As described above, various studies have been conducted on cold rolling oils that can satisfy both high wettability and high mill cleanability at the same time (for example, JP-A-56-135600 and JP-A-59-8).
The current situation is that there is nothing suitable for both.

On the other hand, lubricating oils used for cutting and grinding of metals are mineral oil, animal and vegetable oils, extreme pressure additives, surfactants, defoamers, metal anticorrosives, antioxidants, antiseptic, antifungal agents, etc. depending on the purpose. The composition is appropriately mixed. Cutting fluid is usually 10 ~ 10
It is used by diluting 100 times, but depending on the case, a water-insoluble cutting fluid may be used.

The basic conditions that cutting and grinding oil must have are lubricity, cooling, rust prevention and other incidental conditions such as foaming,
It has no rough hands, animal toxicity, odor, etc. Even if the importance of cutting and grinding fluids differs depending on the purpose and conditions of use, the above-mentioned various performances must be provided in a well-balanced manner, but cutting and grinding fluids that can satisfy the various conditions are not always sufficient. is the current situation.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention is a synthetic lubricating oil for metalworking, which has been molecularly designed so as to have excellent lubricating characteristics in recent years under severe operating conditions of lubricating oil.

That is, it is a synthetic oil agent that has high lubricity and high stability, is resistant to deterioration by microorganisms, and is resistant to decay.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is a cold rolling oil for steel imparted to the improvement of production efficiency such as energy saving and process saving, which is stable against heat and mechanical shear generated at high speed and under high pressure, and chemicals such as oxidation, decomposition and polymerization. It is stable to reaction. Further, it easily volatilizes without producing a thermal decomposition residue of rolling oil in the annealing step, and has both a steel plate surface cleanability (mill clean property) and high lubricity.

On the other hand, in the case of cutting and grinding fluids, the present invention provides lubricity, cooling,
It is a synthetic metalworking lubricant that has excellent rust resistance, foamability, hand roughness, human toxicity, and is resistant to decay.

(Means and Actions for Solving Problems) The present invention relates to partial esterification of tris- (2-hydroxyalkyl) isocyanurate represented by the general formula (1) with a fatty acid having 6 or more carbon atoms represented by the general formula (2). With the product as the main component, the general formula However, X: H or CH ₃ general formula R · COOH ····· (2) (where R is an alkyl, alkenyl hydroxyalkyl and hydroxyalkenyl group having 5 or more carbon atoms) High lubricity, high stability It is a synthetic oil agent having a property such as rolling oil, cutting oil, grinding oil, and lubricating oil for metal plastic working. In particular, the cold rolling oil for steel having the synthetic ester as the main component of the present invention has high lubricity and high mill cleanliness, and enables rolling of thin steel sheets and direct annealing without degreasing of the steel sheets. In addition, it has excellent properties as a cutting and grinding oil agent, including lubricity, cooling property, rust preventive property, and no problem in foaming property, hand roughening property, human animal toxicity, odor and the like.

The esterification reaction of the tris- (2-hydroxyalkyl) isocyanurate of the general formula (1) with the fatty acid of the general formula (2) can be synthesized by a usual method without a catalyst or in the presence of a catalyst. It is not limited.

The molar ratio of the tris- (2-hydroxyalkyl) isocyanurate of the general formula (1) to the fatty acid is not particularly limited, but the high lubricity, high mill cleanliness,
In order to be suitable for high stability and anticorrosion property, the partial esterification product is a partial ester with an average of 1.5 mol or more of fatty acid per 1 mol of tris- (2-hydroxyalkyl) isocyanurate of the general formula (1). It is preferably a chemical product.

As fatty acids, hexanoic acid, octanoic acid, decanoic acid,
Lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, montanic acid, palmitooleic acid, oleic acid, erucic acid, ricinoleic acid, hydroxystearic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, isooctylic acid, isodecanic acid , Straight chain and side chain saturated unsaturated natural and synthetic fatty acids having 6 or more carbon atoms such as isolauric acid, isomyristic acid, isopartiminic acid, isostearic acid, and isoarachidic acid can be used.

The reason why the fatty acid having 6 or more carbon atoms is limited is that the target degree of improvement in lubricity is small in a partial esterification product of a fatty acid having less than 6 carbon atoms. On the other hand, although the upper limit of the carbon number of the fatty acid is not restricted, it is generally preferably 30 or less as the industrially inexpensive range.

The tris- (2-hydroxyalkyl) isocyanurate of the general formula (1) is isocyanuric acid and X of the general formula (1) =
The ethylene oxide as H or the propylene oxide as X = CH ₃ was subjected to an addition reaction in an amount of 1 mol per nitrogen atom of isocyanuric acid. The reason for the ethylene oxide or propylene oxide adduct is The above alkylene oxide adducts, butylene oxide adducts, etc. are industrially expensive, are difficult to obtain, and are inconvenient for the purpose of the lubricating oil. Among the tris- (2-hydroxyalkyl) isocyanurates of the general formula (1), tris (2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate of X = H is industrially easily available and inexpensive, and therefore lubrication for the purpose of the present invention. Advantageous for oil.

When the synthetic ester of the present invention is used for rolling oil, cutting oil, grinding oil, lubricating oil for metal plastic working, etc., the synthetic ester can be used alone. Other base oils,
For example, it can be used as a mixture with mineral oil, animal / vegetable oil, and commonly used existing synthetic ester. It is also possible to add an emulsifier to these and use them as emulsion solutions depending on the purpose.

In addition, it can be used in combination with an emulsifier, a fatty acid, an antioxidant, a corrosion inhibitor, an antiseptic / antifungal agent, etc. which are commonly used as additives for practical lubricants.

When the synthetic ester compound of the present invention is used as a mixture with other base oils, the effect is recognized by the addition of 1% by weight or more, but the content should be 5% by weight or more, preferably 20% by weight or more. Therefore, the characteristics are stabilized. Hereinafter, an example of the ester synthesis method will be shown.

Synthetic example 4 equipped with stirrer, thermometer, nitrogen gas injection pipe, water separator
In a two-necked flask, 522 g of tris (2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate (2 mol) and 1269 g of coconut oil fatty acid (5.85
Mol), xylene was used as a reflux solvent in the absence of a catalyst, 5% of the charged amount was added, and the mixture was stirred well and the mixture was heated at 160 to 230 ° C.
The reaction was performed until the calculated amount of water was distilled off. The required time was 9 hours. After completion of the reaction, xylene was distilled off under reduced pressure, and decolorization filtration was performed using activated clay to obtain a yellow liquid. The yield was 1661 g and the acid value was 1.8. Hereinafter, a synthetic ester was produced by the same method. The properties of the obtained synthetic ester are shown in Table 1.

Example 1 General characteristic test in metal plastic working The performance test results of the lubricating oil of the present invention are shown in Table 2 in comparison with those of the conventional one.

The friction coefficient and seizure resistance were measured by a Bowden tester, and the heat resistance was measured by a thermobalance.

<Test by Bowden tester> Apply various test agents to the surface of low carbon steel plate and apply diameter to the oiled surface.
Press a 3/16 inch steel ball with a load of 3 Kg (Hertz pressure 223 Kg / m
m ^2), the friction coefficient of the coating oil back and forth sliding at a speed 4 mm / sec was measured number of slides to reach 0.15 (seizure resistance).

<Test by Thermobalance> 35 mg of the test agent was placed in a platinum crucible and heated at 5 ° C. per minute in a He atmosphere, and the heating temperature at the time when the test agent in the crucible was decomposed and burned down was measured.

In the Bowden test, the actual plastic working conditions are made as close as possible, and the test temperature is set to 200 considering the heat generated by plastic deformation.
C., and the steel plate used is a mild steel plate that is easily plastically deformed.

The friction coefficient corresponds to the power required during actual machining, and the seizure resistance corresponds to the occurrence of seizure flaws and the tool life.

Further, in a test using a thermobalance, it can be said that the higher the burning temperature of the test agent, the better the heat resistance.

Example 2 Rolling Lubricating Oil A mineral oil or palm oil used as a base oil of a practical rolling oil is blended with an emulsifier, a fatty acid, an antioxidant and the like which are commonly used as additives, and a synthetic ester which is the rolling oil of the present invention. The rolling oil composition obtained at that time was evaluated for lubricity and annealing.

Emulsion rolling is a two-roll rolling mill, and rolling material (spcc) 1.2 × 20 × 200 mm is evaluated for rolling lubricity by measuring the rolling load at a rolling reduction of 40% under the conditions of oil concentration 3% and bath temperature 50 ° C. did. Regarding the anneal property, several tens of steel sheets that had been rolled with the test emulsion solution were stacked, then fixed with narrow steel strips and annealed in a small annealing furnace.

The heating conditions for annealing are as follows: HNX gas (H ₂ : 5%) 120ml / min, heating rate 10 ℃ / min. Then, the mixture was heated to 600 ° C, kept at 600 ° C for 1 hour, and then left to cool. After that, a cellophane tape was attached to the surface of the steel sheet, surface deposits were collected, and the adhered material was attached to white paper to visually determine the degree of stain, and the steel sheet surface cleanliness was evaluated. Third test result
The symbols in the table are the same as those in Table 1.

Example 3 Cutting and Grinding Oil Cutting oils containing the substances of the present invention in Table 4 (Sample Nos. 1 to 4)
The results of the durability test and the four-ball lubricity test α model lubricity test of Sample Nos. 5 and 6 are commercially available cutting oils.

Example 4 Aqueous cutting oil Table 5 shows an aqueous cutting oil containing the substance of the present invention (Sample No. 7-
11) was prepared and diluted with sterilized water to 5% by weight to prepare a test solution.

The tests shown in Table 6 were conducted using the formulation examples shown in Table 5.

(Effect of the invention) The synthetic ester compound obtained from tris- (2-hydroxyalkyl) isocyanurate of the present invention and a fatty acid is
Lubricating properties and stability are far superior to conventional lubricating oils, and can be used as various industrial lubricating oils such as rolling oil, cutting oil, grinding oil, and lubricating oil for metal plastic working.

For example, unlike the case where existing synthetic ester is used as a cold rolling oil or used as an additive, compared with the case where conventional palm oil is used as a base oil due to the improvement of rolling lubricity of steel sheets. It brings about energy and resource saving effects such as reduction of power cost. Further, it is also excellent in annealing property, normal electrolytic degreasing can be omitted, and equipment cost can be reduced.

Further, it has excellent lubricity with respect to cutting and grinding oils and can be a high-performance oil agent that can sufficiently satisfy various usage conditions such as odor and stability.

In addition, in terms of machining lubrication, sufficient lubrication is guaranteed even under severe conditions such as high-speed machining, enabling smooth machining and efficiency.

It is possible to prevent deterioration of product quality caused by insufficient lubrication such as seizure flaws, and prevent wear and damage of tools.
Improve product quality and greatly extend tool life.

The power required during processing is reduced, and many excellent effects such as resource saving and energy saving are further promoted.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁵ Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical display location C10N 40:22 40:24 Z 8217-4H (72) Inventor Hiroyuki Goto Kanagawa-ku, Kanagawa Wakamachi 1-3, Nisshin Oil & Oil Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-48-40792 (JP, A)

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A lubricating oil for metalworking containing a partial esterification product of tris- (2-hydroxyalkyl) isocyanurate represented by the general formula (1) and a fatty acid having 6 or more carbon atoms. However, X: H or CH ₃ 2. The lubricating oil according to claim 1, wherein the general formula (1) is tris- (2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate. 3. The lubricating oil according to claim 2, wherein the partial esterification product is esterified with an average of 1.5 mol or more of fatty acid per 1 mol of tris- (2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate. . 4. The lubricating oil according to claim 1, wherein the lubricating oil is a cold rolling oil for steel plates. 5. The lubricating oil according to claim 1, wherein the lubricating oil is a metal plastic working oil such as metal cutting oil or grinding oil.