JPH07100793B2 - Extraction method and equipment for coke oven charging - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a steam extraction hole for steam leading to the upper space of a carbonization chamber in a coal seam of a charging coal containing moisture charged in a carbonization chamber of a chamber coke oven. And a device therefor.

Conventional technology In the method of producing coke with a chamber-type coke oven,
The charging coal charged in the carbonization chamber is indirectly heated from the combustion chambers on both sides via the furnace wall and is converted into coke. This carbonization chamber has a taper in consideration of the discharge of coke, and the furnace width on the coke side is set to be 50 to 70 mm wider than the machine side. For this reason, in the combustion chamber consisting of 20 to 30 or more flue rows, the coke side is 50 to 70 mm wider than the machine side, as opposed to the carbonization chamber. Also, the temperature of the combustion chamber is 50 to 100 ° C depending on the taper of the furnace width on the coke side rather than the machine side.
The coke formation in the furnace length direction is made uniform by setting it to a high level.

However, the coal-charging work of charging the coke-furnace carbonization chamber is generally performed by a natural drop from a hopper of a coal-charging vehicle through a coal-charging port on the furnace. For this reason, the area directly below the coal charging port that receives the impact when dropped has a higher charging bulk density than the space between the coal charging port that does not receive the impact when falling and the furnace lid side. This hinders the uniformization of coking in the direction.

In recent years, it has been required to achieve stable improvement of coke quality while improving the efficiency of dry distillation of the coke oven and prolonging the life of the furnace body, and technical development for that purpose is being advanced.

Improving the carbonization efficiency of a coke oven and prolonging the life of the furnace are contradictory requirements, and it is not easy to make them compatible. For example, as a method to improve the distillation efficiency,
The total water content of the charged coal, which is usually 8-10%, is 5-6%.
There is known a method for charging a conditioned coal which reduces the amount to 2%, and a method for charging a preheated coal which reduces the total water content to 2% or less by drying and preheating the charged coal to 170 to 250 ° C.

These technologies aim to improve the productivity of coke ovens by shortening the time required for carbonization, increase the bulk density of the charge and improve the coke formation by expanding the width of the softening and melting layer of coal during carbonization, and reduce the amount of heat required for carbonization. be able to. However, on the other hand, there is a problem that enormous capital investment is required for drying or preheating the charged coal.

For this reason, the humidified coal charging method and the preheated coal charging method have not come into widespread use, and the fact is that they are used only in some coke plants.

Further, in the humidified coal charging method and the preheated coal charging method, since the bulk density of charging increases, a large coal expansion pressure is applied to the furnace wall during carbonization, which may damage the furnace wall.

Also, as a method of improving the carbonization efficiency, it has been studied to expand the furnace width or furnace height, but these are effective when a new coke oven is installed, but cannot be applied to an existing coke oven. , It does not lead to the improvement of the efficiency of dry distillation of the existing furnace.

Furthermore, the method of improving the heat conductivity by making the furnace wall brick thinner,
Although it has been partially put into practical use, this may impair the robustness of the furnace body and cannot always be adopted.

On the other hand, the simplest method for extending the life of the furnace body is to lower the furnace temperature and carry out a low-load operation, but it goes without saying that this reverses the improvement of the carbonization efficiency. Also,
Recent advances in repair technology have had a great effect on increasing the life of the furnace body, which is the repair of damaged furnace bodies.
It is a post-processing technology.

Therefore, it is possible to achieve stable improvement of coke quality while achieving both improvement of carbonization efficiency and prolongation of life of the furnace body.
This is a very difficult problem.

The present inventors have conducted a study focusing on the dehydration behavior of the water contained in the charged coal in an amount of 8 to 11% during the carbonization process. As a result, it was found that the cause of the decrease in the carbonization efficiency when carbonizing the charged coal containing water is the flow of water vapor generated in the coal bed at the initial stage of carbonization to the wall side. Therefore, if the flow is changed from the high temperature furnace wall (at least 1000 ° C or higher) to the low temperature carbonization chamber upper space (750 to 850 ° C), the heat transfer efficiency from the furnace wall to the coal bed is improved and It was confirmed that the expansion pressure of 1 could be suppressed. Then, after leveling the upper surface of the charged coal containing water charged in the carbonization chamber, the opening member is inserted into the coal layer in the furnace from the coal charging port on the furnace, and the carbonization chamber is pulled out. It was clarified that a bleeding hole communicating with the upper space can be provided, and the flow of steam generated in the initial stage of carbonization can be converted to the upper space direction of the carbonization chamber, and a patent application has already been filed as Japanese Patent Application No. 63-299173.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention After leveling the upper surface of the charging coal charged in the carbonization chamber, in order to open an extraction hole leading to the upper space of the carbonization chamber in the coal bed, a charging port on the furnace is used. The simplest method is to insert the hole opening member into the coal in the furnace and pull out, and this can be solved by attaching a bleed hole hole opening device including a hole opening member and a vertical mechanism of the hole opening member to the coal charging car. However, even if a bleeding hole opening device is attached to the coal car, the formation of the bleed hole is limited by the number of coal blasting ports.

That is, 4 to 5 formed corresponding to 4 to 5 coal charging ports
With the five extraction holes, it is difficult to obtain sufficient extraction capacity for the amount of steam generated from the charging coal, and the steam flow toward the furnace wall that hinders improvement of carbonization efficiency and extension of life of the furnace body , Cannot always be sufficiently suppressed. Moreover, the holes can always be opened only at the same position under the coal charging port, and the extraction holes cannot be opened near the low temperature part in the furnace such as the kiln port. Furthermore, the heat pattern of the coke oven is not uniform, and a low temperature part may appear depending on the furnace group other than the kiln mouth part.

In view of the present situation, the present invention provides a bleed hole which can sufficiently bleed off steam and the like generated based on the water content of the charged coal in the initial stage of carbonization by providing an arbitrarily inclined bleed hole in the charged coal layer. A method and apparatus therefor are provided.

Means for Solving the Problems The inventors of the present invention have made extensive studies to achieve the above object. As a result, the coke oven kiln removal work is usually performed at a 5 kiln pitch or several kiln pitches, and the charging lid lid removing device and the opening member are placed at the carbonization chamber position where the coal was previously carbonized at the carbonization work position. And a bleeding hole opening device consisting of a vertical drive mechanism of the opening member, the tilting mechanism of the bleeding hole opening device is attached, and the opening member in the furnace length direction cross section including a vertical line passing through the center of the coal charging port,
Even if it is inserted into the charging coal layer in the carbonization chamber at an angle of 5 ° or more and 40 ° or less with respect to the vertical line and immediately extracted to form a bleed hole,
It was confirmed that the bleed holes could be retained without collapsing.

Further, since the upper end of the bleed hole opening device is restricted by the lower surface of the coal tower during the coal receiving operation of the coal car, it is necessary to be located below the upper end of the coal feeding hopper. However, since it was installed in the charging kiln position last time, a bleeder hole opening device is installed at the end of the coal charging car in the furnace group direction, and the vertical drive mechanism can be installed near the furnace.
It is possible to open a bleed hole having a sufficient depth with a book opening member.

Further, since the extraction hole opening device is installed at the previous charging kiln position on the coal charging vehicle stopped for the carbonization operation, the extraction hole opening operation can be performed during the carbonization operation.

Regarding the problem of dust and flame ejected from the coal charging port during the bleeding hole opening work, the high-pressure ammonium water is continuously injected into the rising pipe to prevent dust generation during carbonization, and carbonization is continued. The inventors have found that the problem can be solved by maintaining a negative pressure in the room, and arrived at the present invention.

That is, the present invention relates to a method of opening a bleed hole communicating with the upper space of the carbonization chamber in the charging coal layer from the surface of the charging coal containing water charged in the carbonization chamber of the chamber furnace type coke oven. Within the cross section of the furnace length direction including the vertical line passing through the center of the mouth, one or a plurality of bleed holes are provided in the coal bed in the carbonization chamber at an angle of 5 ° or more and 40 ° or less with respect to the vertical line.

In addition, in a device that opens a bleed hole that communicates with the upper space of the carbonization chamber in the coal bed from the surface of the coal containing water charged in the carbonization chamber of the chamber furnace coke oven, stop at the carbonization position. The charging lid lid removing device, the bleeding hole piercing device including the piercing member and the vertical movement driving means, and the tilting mechanism of the bleeding hole piercing device are installed at the previous position of the coal unloading car of the coal unloading car.

Effect In the present invention, one or a plurality of extractions are made in the charging layer in the carbonization chamber at an angle of 5 ° or more and 40 ° or less with respect to the vertical line in the cross section of the furnace length direction including the vertical line passing through the center of the charging port. Since the pores are provided, the number of bleed holes per charging port can be set to 2
It can be increased three times, a sufficient extraction capacity can be obtained for the amount of water vapor generated inside the coal bed, and the effect of improving the carbonization efficiency can be exhibited.

In addition, the opening angle of the bleed hole was set to 5 ° or more and 40 ° or less with respect to the vertical line in the furnace length direction cross section including the vertical line passing through the center of the coal charging port. When opening the bleed hole of the book, the second bleed hole is close to the first,
Both bleed holes collapse and the bleed holes cannot be normally provided. Also, if the angle is 40 ° or more, the aperture member cannot be inserted from the coal charging port.

Further, at a previous coal-charging kiln position of the coal-charging vehicle stopped at the coal-charging position, a charging-lid lid removing device, a bleed-hole piercing device including a piercing member and a vertical movement driving means, and a tilting mechanism of the bleed-hole piercing device. Since the installation lid was installed, the charging lid of the carbonization chamber that was previously carbonized during the carbonization work was removed by the lid removing device, and the bleeding hole opening device was tilted at a predetermined angle by the tilting mechanism, and the hole opening member was moved up and down. Inserting into the charging coal through
Several bleed holes can be opened for each charging port.

The tilting mechanism may be any one that can tilt the bleed hole opening device about the lower pivot, and may be a combination of a motor and a gear, a combination of an actuator and a link mechanism, or the like.

The depth of the bleed hole to be opened is 50 cm or more because the softening layer of coal that inhibits the flow of steam during carbonization is formed in a range not exceeding 50 cm from the upper surface of the charged coal. Good.

Further, the size of the extraction hole should be 30 mm or more so that the extraction hole is not blocked by the expansion of the softening layer.

In the present invention, the extraction hole for steam extraction is opened during the charging of coal, extra work time is consumed for opening the extraction hole, and the coke oven kiln removal work is not delayed.

Example 1 An extraction hole opening method and an opening device of the present invention,
A detailed description will be given based on FIGS. 1 to 3 showing an example of the embodiment.

On a rail (2) laid on the furnace of the coke oven (1), a coal car (3) is movably placed. The coal car (3) is provided with a plurality of coal feed hoppers (5) for charging the charged coal into the carbonization chamber (4).

Further, at the position of the previous charging / charging chamber in the direction of the furnace group of the coal charging vehicle (3), the lid removing device (19) of the charging lid (6), the bleed hole opening device (20) and the bleed hole opening device The tilting mechanism (33) of (20) is attached. This bleeding hole opening device (20) includes a guide pipe (21), a guide roller (22), an opening member (25) having a rack (24) supported by a lower guide pipe (23), and a vertical drive motor. (26), upper position sensor (27), lower position sensor (28), opening member (25) scarfing nozzle (29) and frame (30),
With the tilting motor (33) with the lower part as the fulcrum, an angle of 5 ° to 40 on the furnace lengthwise cross section including the vertical line passing through the center of the coal charging port.
It is configured to tilt freely up to °.

The hole member (25) is positioned by the guide pipe (21), the guide roller (22) and the lower guide pipe (23), and the predetermined position by the upper position sensor (27) and the lower position sensor (28). Bleed holes for (31)
The vertical stroke is determined to form Also,
As shown in FIG. 3, the vertical drive motor (26) has a rack (24) provided in the longitudinal direction of the side of the aperture member (25).
The gear (32) is provided so as to mesh with the opening member (2).
The driving speed of 5) is, for example, 1 m / sec. Further, the rack (24) has the extraction hole (31) opened, and then while moving to the upper portion, cleaning and cooling of the adhering charging coal are simultaneously performed by the compressed air injected from the scarfing nozzle (29). To be configured.

Since it is configured as described above, the coal car (3) loads the coal on the coal feeding hopper (5) in a coal tower (not shown), travels to the carburizing position of the predetermined carbonization chamber (4a), and then stops. The charging lid (6) is removed by a lid removing device (not shown). Then, after dropping it onto the charging port (11) of the charging hood (9),
Open the slide gate (7), and each coal feeding hopper (5)
Cut out the charged coal inside with a table feeder (not shown),
It is loaded into the carbonization chamber (4a) through the auxiliary hopper (8) and the moving sleeve (9). After the charging of the charging coal is completed, the leveler (10) levels the upper surface. in the meantime,
That is, at the same time when the charging lid (6) of the carbonizing chamber (4a) is removed, the carbonizing chamber (4) previously charged by the lid removing device (19) is removed.
Remove the charging lid (6) from b). Then tilt motor (3
By 3), the bleed hole opening device (20) is tilted at a predetermined angle. Then, the vertical drive motor (26) is driven, and the gear (3
2) The hole member (25) is moved downward through the rack (24) and inserted into the charging coal charged in the carbonization chamber (4b). Immediately thereafter, if the vertical drive motor (26) is reversed to move the aperture member (25) to the upper end, a gas extraction hole (31) communicating with the upper space of the carbonization chamber (4b) is formed in the charcoal.

Next, using the tilting motor (33), the bleed hole opening device (20)
The tilting angle of is changed, the vertical drive motor (26) is driven again, the aperture member (25) is moved downward via the gear (32) and the rack (24), and it is loaded into the carbonization chamber (4b). Inserted in the charged coal. Immediately thereafter, the vertical drive motor (26) is rotated in the reverse direction and the opening member (25) is moved to the upper end, which is repeated several times, so that several bleed holes are formed from each coal charging port.

Then, the charging lid (6) of the coal charging port (11) is mounted again by the lid removing device (19). During that time, high-pressure ammonium hydroxide is injected from the high-pressure ammonium hydroxide nozzle (13) installed in the ascending pipe (12) of the carbonization chamber (4b) to maintain negative pressure in the carbonization chamber (4b) for carbonization. Prevent dust and flame from spouting from the mouth (11).

When the charging operation is completed and the charging lid (6) of the charging port is installed, the charging vehicle (3) is moved to the coal tower, and the charging coal is loaded into the coal feeding hopper (5). The same work is performed by moving to a predetermined carbonization chamber (4).

As a result of these series of operations, each coal charging port (11) of the carbonization chamber (4) has a bleed hole (3
1) is formed. Moreover, the position where the extraction hole (31) is formed can be opened in the vicinity of the low temperature kiln mouth, the low temperature part in the furnace, etc. according to the combustion characteristics of each kiln, and for uniform dry distillation of coke. It is a great place to contribute.

Example 2 In a coke oven having a furnace height of 7125 mm, a furnace length of 16500 mm, and a furnace width of 460 mm, charging coal having a total water content of 9.2% shown in Table 1 was carried out under the operating conditions of an average flue temperature of 1210 ° C. and an average carbonization time of 22 hours. Charging is performed by using the carburizing car (3) described in Example 1, and during the carburizing work, the capping device (19) is used to remove the charging cap (6) of the previous charging and carbonizing chamber (4b). From each coal charging port (11) at an inclination angle of 20 °, 2 holes on each side of the coal charging port, and a hole member (25) with a diameter of 50 mm toward the middle part of the coal is inserted up to a hole depth of 2 m, and the hole member is immediately opened. A bleed hole (31) was provided to raise (25) and communicate with the upper space of the carbonization chamber.

In the meantime, high-pressure ammonium hydroxide nozzle (13) installed in the ascending pipe (12) of the carbonization chamber (4b) injects high-pressure ammonium hydroxide to maintain the inside of the carbonization chamber (4b) at a negative pressure for carbonization. Prevented dust and flame from spouting from the mouth (11).

Using the coal car (3) equipped with the tilting bleed hole opening device (20), the bleed hole communicating with the upper space of the carbonization chamber during the charging of the carbonization chamber (4b). The operation results of the coke oven with (31) are compared with the conventional method 1 in which the extraction holes are not opened and the conventional method 2 in which one extraction hole is opened vertically to each charging port, Shown in the table.

As shown in Table 2, in the case of the method of the present invention, the number of extraction holes is twice that in the conventional method 2, but the extraction hole opening work can be performed during the carbonization work, and The opening work time occupying was 0 seconds and had no effect on the carbonization work.

Further, in the case of the method of the present invention in which each coal charging port is provided with two extraction holes on the left and right at an angle of 20 °, the temperature in the coal indicates the end of the carbonization.
The time required to reach 0 ° C. is shortened by 2 hours as compared with the conventional method 1 and 0.8 hours as compared with the conventional method 2.

As described above, according to the method of the present invention, a sufficient extraction capacity can be obtained for the amount of water vapor generated inside the coal seam, and the time required until the end of the carbonization is greatly shortened.

It should be further noted that, compared with the conventional method 2, the method of the present invention significantly improves the coke strength and also significantly reduces the strength variation. This is due to the fact that the dry distillation of the portion was promoted by the opening of the extraction hole in the vicinity of the kiln and the firing delay portion of the low temperature portion, and that the method of the present invention is effective in improving the stability of the coke quality. Is shown.

Further, in the method of the present invention, as shown in Table 2, the extruding current value when extruding the coke after completion of the dry distillation from the carbonization chamber is smaller than that in the conventional method 2, and the skin separation of the coke cake from the furnace wall is good. It is clear that this is also effective in terms of wall protection.

Example 3 In a coke oven having a furnace height of 5000 mm, a furnace length of 14620 mm, a furnace width of 450 mm, and a low temperature portion between the central upper coal charging ports of the carbonization chamber, operating conditions of an average flue temperature of 1140 ° C. and an average carbonization time of 21.5 hours, Operation was carried out using the charged coal shown in Table 3.

For each of the conventional method in which the extraction holes were opened vertically from the coal charging ports on both sides of the low temperature portion and the method of the present invention in which the extraction holes were opened in the vicinity of the low temperature portion at an angle of 20 ° from the left and right, the average strength of the generated coke and The strength variation was measured. The results are shown in Table 4.

As shown in Table 4, it is clear that the method of the present invention in which the extraction holes are opened according to the combustion characteristics of the kiln can stabilize and improve the coke quality.

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION As described above, according to the method of the present invention, in the furnace length direction cross section including the vertical line passing through the center of the coal charging port,
By providing bleed holes in the coal bed in the carbonization chamber at an angle of ≥40 ° and ≤40 °, it is possible to open multiple bleed holes for each coal inlet and On the other hand, a sufficient extraction capacity can be obtained, which is effective in promoting coking, stabilizing and improving coke quality, and maintaining the furnace body. In addition, the device of the present invention has
It is possible to open a plurality of bleeding holes for each carburizing port at an angle of ° or less without causing any trouble in the carburizing work.

Moreover, the method and apparatus of the present invention can change the position of the bleed holes in accordance with the combustion characteristics of the kiln opening portion and each kiln, and can further improve the stability of coke quality.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial schematic cross-sectional view of a coal car and a coke oven provided with a bleeding hole opening device of the present invention in the furnace group direction, and FIG. 2 is a partial schematic cross-section of the same car car and coke oven in the furnace length direction. FIG. 3 and FIG. 3 are enlarged views showing the driving means for moving the aperture member up and down. 1 ... Coke oven, 2 ... Rail, 3 ... Charging car, 4 ... Carbonization chamber, 5 ... Charging hopper, 6 ... Charging lid, 10 ... Leveler, 11 ... Charging port, 12 …… Rise pipe, 13 …… High pressure water spray nozzle 19 …… Lid removal device, 20 …… Bleed hole opening device, 21, 23 …… Guide pipe, 22 …… Guide roller, 24 …… Rack, 25… … Opening member, 26 …… Vertical drive motor, 27 …… Upper sensor, 28 …… Lower sensor, 29 …… Scarfing nozzle, 30 …… Stand, 31 …… Bleed hole, 32 …… Gear, 33 …… Tilting motor,

Claims (2)

[Claims] Claim: What is claimed is: 1. A method for opening a bleed hole communicating with an upper space of a carbonization chamber from a surface of a coal containing water charged in a carbonization chamber of a chamber furnace type coke oven into a carbonization chamber upper space. One or more bleed holes are provided in the coal bed in the carbonization chamber at an angle of 5 ° or more and 40 ° or less with respect to the vertical line in the cross section of the furnace length direction including the vertical line passing through the center. Extraction hole opening method for charging of coke oven. 2. An apparatus for opening a bleeding hole communicating with an upper space of a carbonization chamber in a coal bed from a surface of a coal containing water charged in a carbonization chamber of a chamber furnace type coke oven. At the previous coal-charging kiln position of the coal-charging vehicle that stopped at that time, the charging-lid lid removing device, the bleed-hole piercing device including the piercing member and the vertical movement driving means, and the tilting mechanism of the bleed-hole piercing device are installed. The feature is a bleeder opening device for charging the coke oven.