JPH0798944B2 - Extraction method and equipment for coke oven charging - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a steam extraction hole for steam leading to the upper space of a carbonization chamber in the middle part of the coal containing the water charged in the carbonization chamber of a chamber-type coke oven. And a device therefor.

Conventional technology In the method of producing coke with a chamber-type coke oven,
The coking coal charged into the carbonization chamber is indirectly heated from the combustion chambers on both sides through the furnace wall and is converted into coke. This carbonization chamber has a taper in consideration of the discharge of coke, and the furnace width on the coke side is set to be 50 to 70 mm wider than the machine side. For this reason, in the combustion chamber consisting of 20 to 30 or more flue rows, the coke side is 50 to 70 mm wider than the machine side, as opposed to the carbonization chamber. Also, the temperature of the combustion chamber is 50 to 100 ° C depending on the taper of the furnace width on the coke side rather than the machine side.
The coke formation in the furnace length direction is made uniform by setting it to a high level.

However, the coal-charging work of charging the coke-furnace carbonization chamber is generally performed by a natural drop from a hopper of a coal-charging vehicle through a coal-charging port on the furnace. For this reason, the area directly below the coal charging port that receives the impact when dropped has a higher charging bulk density than the space between the coal charging port that does not receive the impact when falling and the furnace lid side. This hinders the uniformization of coking in the direction.

Recently, it has been demanded to improve the safety of coke quality while improving the efficiency of dry distillation of the coke oven and prolonging the life of the furnace body, and technical development for that purpose is being advanced. For example, in order to improve the efficiency of dry distillation, the total moisture content of the charged coal, which is usually 8 to 10%, is reduced to 5 to 6%, and the charged coal is dried to 170 to 250 ° C with residual heat after drying. Then, a preheated coal charging method for reducing the water content to 2% or less has been put into practical use.

These technologies aim to improve the productivity of coke ovens by shortening the time required for carbonization, increase the bulk density of the charge and improve the coke formation by expanding the width of the softening and melting layer of coal during carbonization, and reduce the amount of heat required for carbonization. be able to. However, on the other hand, there is a problem that enormous capital investment is required for drying or preheating the charged coal.

For this reason, the humidified coal charging method and the preheated coal charging method have not come into widespread use, and the fact is that they are used only in some coke plants.

Further, in the humidified coal charging method and the preheated coal charging method, since the bulk density of charging increases, a large coal expansion pressure is applied to the furnace wall during carbonization, which may damage the furnace wall.

In addition, studies are also being conducted to expand the furnace width or furnace height to improve the efficiency of dry distillation, but these are effective when a new coke oven is installed, but they cannot be applied to an existing coke oven, so the existing furnace is not applicable. It does not lead to the improvement of the efficiency of dry distillation.

Furthermore, the method of improving the heat conductivity by making the furnace wall brick thinner,
Although it has been partially put into practical use, this may impair the robustness of the furnace body and cannot always be adopted.

Further, as a life extension measure for the furnace body, a repair technique has been advanced in recent years and has been greatly effective. This is a repair of a damaged furnace body and a post-treatment technique. Further, in order to extend the life of the furnace body, it is conceivable to lower the furnace temperature for operation, but this lowers the productivity and is a method contradictory to the improvement of the carbonization efficiency.

Therefore, it has been a very difficult problem to achieve safety improvement of coke quality while achieving both improvement of dry distillation efficiency and life extension of the furnace body.

The inventors of the present invention focused on the dehydration behavior of the water contained in the charged coal in the range of 8 to 11% during the carbonization process, and when carbonizing the charged coal containing water, the cause of the reduction of the carbonization efficiency was It is in the flow of steam generated in the coal bed toward the wall side in the initial stage of carbonization, and the flow can be changed from the high temperature furnace wall (at least 1000 ° C or higher) to the low temperature carbonization chamber upper space (750 to 850 ° C). For example, it was confirmed that the heat transfer efficiency from the furnace wall to the middle part of the coal can be improved and the expansion pressure to the furnace wall can be suppressed. Then, after leveling the upper surface of the charging coal containing water charged in the carbonization chamber, the opening member is inserted into the coal in the furnace from the charging port on the furnace, and the upper part of the carbonization chamber is pulled out. It was clarified that a bleeding hole communicating with the space can be provided and the flow of steam generated in the initial stage of carbonization can be converted to the upper space direction of the carbonization chamber, and a patent application has already been filed as Japanese Patent Application No. 63-299173.

However, various methods can be considered as a method for providing an extraction hole for extracting steam based on the water contained in the charging coal during charging charging into the carbonization chamber of the coarse coal furnace. The simplest method is to insert an opening member into the coal in the furnace from the charging port on the furnace and pull out. However, the work of inserting the opening member into the coal from the coal charging port and opening the extraction hole is a muscular work in a bad environment due to high temperature, dust and gas, and it is extremely difficult to always perform it manually.
It is desired to mechanically open the bleed hole.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention The present invention has been made based on the above-mentioned demand, and is a bleeding hole for bleeding steam or the like generated based on the water content of charged coal in the initial stage of carbonization from the coal into the upper space of the carbonization chamber. The present invention provides a bleeding hole opening method and apparatus for charging coal in a coke oven, which can open a hole in the coke oven without hindering the carbonization work.

Means for Solving the Problem After leveling the upper surface of the charging coal charged in the carbonization chamber, in order to mechanically open a bleed hole communicating with the upper space between the carbonization chamber upper openings in the coal, A transport mechanism for moving the members to a predetermined kiln and a positioning and vertical drive mechanism that can be inserted into the furnace width direction center of the charging coal upper surface charged from the charging port of the opening member are required. This can be solved by attaching a bleed hole piercing device including a piercing member and a winding mechanism for the piercing member to the coal charging car. Further, the upper end of the bleeding hole opening device is restricted by the lower surface of the coal tower during the coal receiving operation of the coal car, so it must be located below the upper end of the coal feeding hopper, but the opening member can be short even if it is short. By dropping it, the bleed hole can be opened by its own weight. Furthermore, by utilizing the coal car, the bleed hole opening work can be performed in a short time. In addition, regarding the problems of dust and fire ejected from the coal charging port during the bleeding hole opening work, suction of the dust collection hood to prevent dust generation during coal charging and the high pressure safety implemented in the rising pipe section. It was clarified that the problem can be solved by continuing the water injection and maintaining the negative pressure in the carbonization chamber, and arrived at the present invention.

That is, the present invention relates to a method for opening a bleed hole communicating with an upper space of a carbonization chamber in a charging coal layer from an upper surface of a coal containing water charged in a carbonization chamber of a chamber furnace type coke oven. Freely drop the apertured member through the auxiliary hopper of the charging coal supply section of, the coal feeding inner cylinder, and the center of the moving sleeve,
After being introduced into the coal bed by its own weight, the opening member is wound up by the winding means separately installed.

In addition, in a device that opens a bleed hole that communicates with the upper space of the carbonization chamber in the coal bed from the upper surface of the coal containing water that has been charged into the carbonization chamber such as chamber furnace coke, An opening member that can freely fall through the auxiliary hopper of the charcoal supply unit, the coal feeding inner cylinder, and the center of the moving sleeve, and a winding means that is connected to the upper end of the opening member through a connecting means are installed.

Action In the present invention, the aperture member is allowed to freely fall through the auxiliary hopper of the charging coal supply section of the coal charging vehicle, the coal feeding inner cylinder, and the center of the moving sleeve, and is allowed to enter the charging layer by its own weight. By winding up the aperture member by the separately provided winding means, the steam extraction holes are opened during charging.

Further, an opening member capable of freely falling through the auxiliary hopper of the charging coal supply section of the coal charging vehicle, the coal feeding inner cylinder, and the center of the moving sleeve, and a winding means connected to the upper end of the opening member through a connecting means. Since each of the opening members can be easily dropped to the center of each charging port after completion of the charging, the bleeding hole opening work can be performed in a short time.

Example 1 An extraction hole opening method and an opening device of the present invention,
A detailed description will be given based on FIGS. 1 to 3 showing an example of the embodiment.

On a rail (2) laid on the furnace of the coke oven (1), a coal car (3) is movably placed. The coal car (3) is provided with a plurality of coal feed hoppers (5) for charging the charged coal into the carbonization chamber (4).

Further, an opening device (20) is attached to the upper part of the auxiliary hopper (6) communicating with each of the coal feeding hoppers (5) of the coal charging vehicle (3). The bleed hole opening device (20) includes a guide pipe (21), an opening member (22), a winding mechanism (23), a wire rope (24), and a position sensor (25).

The aperture member (22) is positioned on the central axes of the auxiliary hopper (6), the coal feeding inner cylinder (7), and the moving sleeve (8) by the guide pipe (21). The winding mechanism (23) is connected to the upper end of the aperture member (22) via the wire rope (24) via a pulley as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 to release the clutch of the winding mechanism (23). As a result, the aperture member (22) forms the bleed hole (26) by its own weight by free fall, and the position sensor (25) adjusts the vertical position of the aperture member (22).

Further, the aperture member (22) is housed in the guide pipe (21) by connecting the clutch of the winding mechanism (23) and winding the wire rope (24).

With the above configuration, the coal car (3) loads the coal into the coal feeding hopper (5) in a coal tower (not shown), travels to the carburizing position of the predetermined carbonization chamber (4), and stops. After the dust collecting hood (11) is lowered onto the coal charging port (9), the charging lid is removed by a lid removing device (not shown). Then, the moving sleeve (8) is lowered to the coal charging port (9), and the charging coal in each coal feeding hopper (5) is cut out by a table feeder (not shown), the auxiliary hopper (6) and the coal feeding inner cylinder (7). It is charged into the carbonization chamber (4) via.

After the charging of the charging coal is completed, the leveler (10) levels the upper surface. When the leveling is completed, the clutch of the hoisting mechanism (23) is released to allow the aperture member (22) to fall freely, and to enter the charging coal charged in the coke oven (1) by its own weight. Immediately thereafter, the winding mechanism (2
Activate 3) to connect the clutch, wire rope (2)
When the open hole member (22) is wound up and stored in the guide pipe (21), a gas extraction hole (26) communicating with the upper space of the carbonization chamber (4) is formed in the charcoal.

Then, the moving sleeve (8) is raised, and the coal car (3) is moved.
The charging lid of the coal charging port (9) is attached by the lid removing device.
During that time, the dust collecting hood (11) continues to suck the dust that is ejected while being attached to the coal charging port (9), and the high pressure safety not shown installed in the rising pipe (12) of the carbonization chamber (4). High-pressure ammonium hydroxide is sprayed from the water nozzle to keep the inside of the carbonization chamber (4) at a negative pressure to suppress dust and fire from the coal charging port (9).

Then, after raising the dust collecting hood (11), the coal car (3) is moved to the coal tower, the charging coal is loaded into the coal feeding hopper (5), and moved to the next predetermined carbonization chamber (4). And then do the same.

Through these series of operations, the extraction holes (26) communicating with the upper space of the carbonization chamber are formed in the carbonization chamber (4) by the number of the charging ports (9). Moreover, since the position where the extraction hole (26) is formed is directly below the coal charging port (9) having the highest bulk density in the carbonization chamber (4), it is also possible to make coke uniform in the furnace length direction. It is a great place to contribute.

Example 2 In a coke oven having a furnace height of 7125 mm, a furnace length of 16500 mm, and a furnace width of 460 mm, charging coal having a total water content of 9.2% shown in Table 1 was carried out under the operating conditions of an average flue temperature of 1210 ° C. and an average carbonization time of 22 hours. After charging by using the coal car (3) described in Example 1 and leveling the upper surface of this coal by the leveler (10), as described in Example 1, four coal charging ports (9 ) From the center of the furnace width direction of the charging coal,
An open hole member (22) with a diameter of 48 mm, a length of 2 m, and a weight of 28 kg is drooped at 45 ° and allowed to fall into the charging coal by its own weight, and then opened by the winding mechanism (23). Material (2
2) was rolled up and a bleed hole (26) communicating with the upper space of the carbonization chamber was provided.

During that time, suction from the dust collection hood (11) is continued, and high-pressure low-water injection from a high-pressure low-water nozzle (not shown) installed in the rising pipe (12) of the carbonization chamber (4) is continued.
The inside of the carbonization chamber (4) was kept at a negative pressure to suppress dust and fire from the coal charging port (9).

Using the coal car (3) equipped with the bleed hole opening device (20) in this manner, the bleed hole (26) communicating with the upper space of the carbonization chamber during the charging of the carbonization chamber (4). The result of coke oven operation with the provision of
Shown in the table.

As shown in Table 2, in the case of the method of the present invention, the total time of the carburizing work was only extended by 8 seconds required for the bleeding hole opening work, and did not significantly affect the carburizing work.

In addition, since the suction from the dust collection hood and the injection of high-pressure cheap water were continued during the opening of the bleed hole to maintain the negative pressure in the carbonization chamber, the dust generation during carbonization did not change at all compared to the conventional method. .

As described above, the method of the present invention is an effective method for opening the extraction holes without causing any problems that hinder the carbonization work by the extraction hole opening work.

Further, the influence on the operation of the coke oven, in the case of the method of the present invention,
The time required to reach 900 ° C was shortened by 1.2 hours, confirming that the effect of promoting carbonization is great. As a result, the carbonization temperature of the coke rises, the drum strength rises, and its variation is reduced, which is effective in stabilizing the coke quality in a stable manner. Furthermore, the extrusion current value during coke extrusion was also reduced by 30 amps, so the coal expansion pressure during carbonization was reduced, and it is estimated that the skin of the coke cake was sufficiently separated from the oven wall. It is also effective in terms of conservation.

Example 3 Height 7210 mm, length 7920 mm, width provided at the end of coke oven cluster
Using an actual furnace large test apparatus of 450 mm and a volume of 25.7 m ^3, the charging coal was charged by the actual coal charging vehicle described in Example 1 and then leveled, and as an opening member of the attached extraction hole opening device, The weight of a gold rod having a tip of 45 ° and having a diameter of 48 mm (a) and 90 mm (b) was changed and allowed to fall freely, and the weight of the gold rod and the penetration depth of the gold rod were measured. The results are shown in FIG.

As shown in Fig. 4, the diameter of 48mm is 20kg, and the diameter of 90mm is 50kg in order to drill the bleed holes up to 2m from the top of the charging coal.
A weight of kg was needed.

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the method of the present invention, it is effective for promoting coke formation, stable improvement of coke quality, and maintenance of the furnace body during dry distillation of the charged coal containing water in the coke oven chamber furnace. Moreover, the bleeding holes communicating with the upper space of the carbonization chamber can be opened in the charcoal charged without causing any hindrance to the carbonization work.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial schematic sectional view in the furnace length direction of a coal car equipped with the bleed hole opening device of the present invention and a coke oven, and FIG. 2 shows the state of the same bleed hole opening device when the bleed hole is opened. FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view showing the state after the bleeding holes are opened, and FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the weight of the gold rod and the depth of penetration of the gold rod in the third embodiment. 1 ... Coke oven, 2 ... Rail, 3 ... Coaling car, 4 ... Carbonization chamber, 5 ... Coaling hopper, 6 ... Auxiliary hopper, 7 ... Coaling inner cylinder, 8 ... Moving sleeve, 9 ... Coal charging port, 10 ... Leveler, 11 ... Dust collecting hood, 12 ... Rise pipe, 20 ... Bleed hole opening device, 21 ... Guide pipe, 22 ... Opening member, 23 ... Hoisting mechanism, 24 …… Wire rope, 25 …… Position sensor, 26 …… Bleed hole, a …… 48mm diameter gold rod, b… 90mm diameter gold rod,

Claims (2)

[Claims] Claim: What is claimed is: 1. A method for opening a bleed hole communicating with an upper space of a coal-charging chamber in a coal-charging layer from an upper surface of a coal containing water charged into a carbon-charging chamber of a chamber furnace type coke oven. The open hole member is allowed to fall freely through the auxiliary hopper of the charging coal supply section, the coal feeding inner cylinder, and the center of the moving sleeve, and is allowed to enter the charging coal layer by its own weight, and then by another installed winding means. An extraction hole opening method for charging coal in a coke oven, which comprises winding up an opening member. 2. An apparatus for opening a bleed hole communicating with an upper space of a coal-charging chamber in a coal-charging layer from an upper surface of a coal containing water charged in a carbon-charging chamber of a chamber-type coke oven. Installed an aperture member that can freely fall through the auxiliary hopper of the charging coal supply section, the coal feeding inner cylinder, and the center of the moving sleeve, and hoisting means that is connected to the upper end of the hole member through a connecting means. An extraction hole opening device for charging coal in a coke oven.