JPH07103767B2 - A plug and a water-stopping method for water-stopping construction of lost water and spring in the middle of the boring hole - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to the stoppage of lost water / spring water in the middle part of a borehole.

"Conventional technology" Drilling is carried out when exploring oil, geothermal and metal, and constructing foundation piles for civil engineering and construction.

At that time, in order to prevent collapse of the borehole wall, muddy water is filled in the hole for excavation. During the excavation, groundwater springs and muddy water leakage to cracks in the rock occur. Especially for oil, geothermal heat, etc., at least GL-500 to 5,000 m
And the excavation depth is deep, and frequently water is lost in various places during boring.
Spring water occurs. The places where such lost water and springs occur are the tip of the boring (bottom of the hole) and the wall of the boring hole (the middle of the hole).

When spring water is generated, for example, if the concrete wall formed by backfilling the casing is fragile with insufficient voids around the concrete and has voids, groundwater damages the wall of the fragile part. Due to intrusion into the borehole, or breakage of the water blocking hole wall film formed by muddy water when the groundwater pressure> muddy water pressure and groundwater intrudes into the hole.

Due to these situations, the leakage and dilution of muddy water occur and the stability of the hole wall is impaired.

If such lost water or spring water occurs at the bottom of the hole, countermeasures are relatively easy. This is because a water stop layer is automatically formed on the hole bottom simply by sending the water stop material to this part under the condition that the hole bottom is a seat. This is because it can be done. At this time, there are various means listed below as a water stopping method.

(1) A method of stopping water by adjusting the concentration of muddy water.

It is generally practiced.

This is a technique that requires experience, as it must be dealt with depending on the situation of lost water and spring water.

Further, even if the concentration is low, there is no effect, and if the concentration is too high, the weight of the mud may be applied to the pore walls, which may cause peeling of the pore wall surface.

(2) A method of injecting cement or mortar to stop water.

In this method, the water-blocking material is not well-infiltrated into the cracks in the ground or rock, and the hole is filled like a plug.

Therefore, in this method, injection is difficult depending on the location where water leakage or spring water is generated in the hole wall, and since the hardening time is long, it is diluted with water and outflowed, and there is no effect.

(3) A method of stopping water by injecting a chemical solution.

This method is a method of transporting and injecting a water-stopping chemical solution to a lost water / spring location using an injection rod, an injection hose or a capsule to stop water. Is effective.

However, when water loss or spring occurs in the middle part of the hole, there is no overhead seat, so the water stopping material to be supplied flows away downward.

Therefore, it is necessary to install a plug as a seat for lost water or spring water in the middle part of the hole. Conventionally, the device proposed in USP 2,978,029 has been adopted as the means for the plug.

This is introduced below in FIGS. 3 to 8.

3 to 5 are operation procedure diagrams of the apparatus, and FIG.
FIG. 7 is an enlarged detailed view of an essential part of the embodiment shown in FIG.
7 to 8 and FIG. 8 are enlarged detailed views of the main part in the embodiment of FIG. 5, in which the device 10 is suspended from the wire conductor 11 in the casing 12 in which the pipe string 13 is arranged. Has been done.

The ring between the wiring string and the casing is sealed by a packer 14. As shown in FIG. 3, the device 10 has a packer portion 15 and a mounting tool portion 16. Packer part 15
Comprises an expandable packer sleeve 17 and an extendable slip arm 18. The installation tool part 16 comprises a hollow housing 19, which is initially a brittle disc or plate 20 positioned at its lower end.
And shear pin 25 (see Fig. 6) make it a fragile plate
Holddown pins 24 spaced apart from 20
Movable plug device provided with a cup packer 22 detachably attached to a packer plug or seal 23 having
21, a cement slurry 26 arranged in an annulus of the device 21 and the fragile plate 20, a piston 27 located at a distance from the device 21, and arranged between the piston 27 and the device 21. The stored cement slurry 28 and the ignition filler 29 disposed on the piston 27 are stored. The conductor 11 facilitates ignition by extending into the ignition filler 29.

Ignition filler 29 is ignited to inflate packer sleeve 17 and set slip arm 18, producing gas 30, as more clearly illustrated in FIG. 4, which causes piston 27 to expand during expansion. Move to the bottom. This movement of the piston 27 pushes the cement slurry 28, the device 21 and the cement slurry 26 downwards causing the rupture of the fragile plate 20 and the movement of the cement slurry 26 into the packer sleeve 17.

This action is clearly illustrated in FIGS. 6 and 8, which will be described below.

An inflatable sleeve 17 is fixed to the packer mandrel 31 by a plurality of collars 32 (only the upper collar is shown in FIG. 6).

The matrix 31 comprises holes 33 and ports 34, the latter being surrounded by slip arms 17. The upper end of the mandrel 31 is attached with a shear pin 35 (see Fig. 7).
It is detachably connected to the lower end of 19. Hole 33 is housing
An O-ring seal 36 is provided in fluid communication with the inner lower end of 19 to seal the connection between housing 19 and mandrel 31.

Slip arm 18 swings at 37 Mandrel 31
And is located in a slot formed in the mandrel 31 when retracted. Leaf spring 45 on mandrel 31
Is fixed and serves to tilt the lower free surface of the slip arm 18 which is serrated for external engagement with the casing wall. The upper end of the slip arm 18 bears against the outer surface of the lower end of the housing 19. A shoulder 40 is formed on the inner surface of the mandrel 31 along the passage of the hole 33 to provide a seat for the device 21.

Similarly, a latch surface 41 is provided along the hole 33 for engaging the holddown pin 24 when the device 21 is seated on the shoulder 40, as shown in FIG. In the figure, the shear pin 35 has finished shearing. The cement slurry 26 expands the packer sleeve 17 and
45 is biased outward of the serrated end of the slip arm 18. Also, cement slurry 28 is an expanded packer
It is located on the plug formed by 17.

The operation will first be described with reference to FIG. The tool 10 descends through the pipe string 13 to the desired depth outside the lower end of the tool (the tool may instead run in an unrestricted casing) onto the wire wire 11 (or pipe depending on the operation). Can run on strings). The loaded pyrotechnic 29 is then ignited in the same manner as in a conventional punch. If the tool runs on a pipe string, a percussion style pyrotechnic actuated by a fallen "go devil" can be used. As illustrated in FIG. 4, the expansion gas 30 generated by the ignition of the pyrotechnic agent moves the piston 27 downward to move the cement slurry 28, the device 21, and the cement slurry.
Displace 26 downwards, but its movement causes the fragile plate or disk 20 to burst. The device 21 is arranged in the cement slurry 26 such that the amount of cement slurry 26 is proportional to the size of the packer 17 (the size of the packer itself being chosen according to the dimensions of the casing to be plugged). Sufficient cement to expand the packer 17 is used to form a close contact with the wall of the casing 12 without rupturing the packer 17. As shown more clearly in FIG. 6, a hole 33 is provided through the lower end of the housing 19.
The cement slurry 26 is pushed into the packer sleeve 17 through the perforations 34. Cup packer 22 shoulder 39
, The sufficient amount of cement slurry 26 fills the packer sleeve 17 and plugs into the casing. When the gas 30 expands further, the pin 25 shears and the packer plug 23
Move to its constellation on 40 and seal the hole 33 as shown in FIG. Hold down pin 24 latches 41 in this position
And the latch locks the packer seal 23 in the passage or hole 33. Scale 23 sleeve cement
Hold inside 17 to ensure that the packer sleeve remains inflated. When the gas expands continuously,
The internal pressure is increased to cause shearing of the sure pin 35, so that the packer portion 15 and the mounting tool portion 16 are separated from each other.

When the lower part of the housing 19 is removed, the spring 45
Causes the slip arm 18 to move outwardly to engage the casing wall. The rest of the cement moves to form columns that rest on the packer plugs filled with cement.

"Problems to be solved by the invention" However, the above-mentioned column has slip arms 18 and mandrels 3
When a metal member is buried in 1 etc. and re-excavation (reaming) is performed after the above-mentioned stoppage of water following the installation of the plug, the excavation blade must be pulled up in order to damage it, and the depth When it becomes deep, there is a difficulty in workability and it takes a lot of time (set) for work,
In addition, since the device is large and weighs about 500 kg in one set and is expensive, it must be collected (upper half of the device), and there are many problems in terms of workability and price.

"Means for Solving Problems" and "Operation" The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and the gist of the present invention is to use wood or resin that can be easily cut by a digging blade suspended on a wire. Wrap a cushioning material or a brush material made of a fiber material that is easy to cut with a drilling blade into a push plug for the casing, and there is no risk of damaging the drilling blade during reaming due to plug formation by pushing this No, simple, quick to set, lightweight,
The point is that the stopper means is provided at a low price and does not require any recovery work.

[Example] Hereinafter, this will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

1 (a) and 1 (b) are a bird's-eye view of the stopper according to the present invention, and FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b) are water-stopping process procedure diagrams of the present invention. In FIG. 1a, reference numeral 50 in the drawing denotes a core rod which is easily cut by an excavating blade made of wood, resin or the like.
Reference numeral 51 denotes a cushion material made of a fiber material or the like that is easily cut by an excavating blade wound around the core rod 50.

Thus, the push-fitting plug for the casing 12 is configured, and the length thereof is set so that the cushioning member 51 has a desired frictional effect between the casing 12 and the wall surface of the casing 12. .

FIG. 1b shows a structure in which only the outer peripheral portion is made into a brush-like portion 51a instead of the lamination up to the hole diameter of the cushion material 51.

The above-mentioned core rod 50 is pushed into a predetermined depth while being suspended by the wire 52, and is left in the hole by tearing off the wire 52, and the wire 52 can be easily cut such as a copper wire. Is used.

(A) to (e) of Fig. 2a and b show the water stopping process using the above-mentioned plugs 53a and 53b. In Fig. A, the plug 53a is pushed down to the lower part of the water loss / spring point 54. Push it in with a stick (not shown) (a).

After tearing off the wire 52, an aggregate 55 such as sand or gravel is put in and deposited on the plug 53a (b).

Then, a solidifying material 57 such as cement or a water-stopping chemical solution is injected through an injection rod 56 or a capsule (not shown) (C).

The solidifying material 57 forms the solidifying layer 58 in the hole with the preceding aggregate 55 as the core, and at this time, the gap between the lost water / spring water points 54 is closed (d).

Re-digging (reaming) is performed by the excavator 61, and the solidified layer 58 and the plug 53a are cut and removed to open a hole (e).

In addition, in the case of FIG.
Suspend the wire 52 and push it in.

Since the plug 53b has the brush-like portion 51a on the outer circumference, the pushing can be performed without receiving a strong resistance as in the case of the plug 53a (a).

The water stop chemical 60 is released from the capsule 59. The discharged water-stopping chemical liquid 60 permeates into the brush-shaped portion 51a and is solidified by using it as a core material, and the plug 53b is made into an extremely strong sealed plug (b).

One of the chemicals that can be adopted as a medicinal liquid having an above-mentioned efficacy is an isocyanate chemical liquid. This is a one-liquid chemical liquid containing a water-insoluble hydrophobic polyisocyanate compound as a main component and reacting with water in the ground to form a water-insoluble polyurea gel.

That is, it reacts with water and gels, but it is not diluted with water and is not washed away, and the entire amount of the injected chemical liquid is surely gelled, and it does not dissolve in groundwater or wells and contaminate mud water. It has the characteristic that

The reaction of the chemical solution and the gel time can be controlled by the amount of the catalyst. However, this only controls the time when the reaction starts after contact with water, and no reaction occurs until contact with water.

Another characteristic of the drug solution is that it does not gel immediately when the reaction starts after the drug comes into contact with water, but it first generates carbon dioxide gas and becomes a liquid containing bubbles, and then gradually gels. .

That is, when a predetermined time elapses after contact with water, a reaction starts and carbon dioxide gas is generated, and the pressure causes the chemical solution to penetrate into minute cracks in the ground. Since the reaction proceeds from the leading portion of the chemical solution, it gels from the leading portion and seals the cracks. After that, the subsequent chemical solution fills the cracks one after another and surely seals the voids in the necessary range.

When the pressure in the periphery becomes higher, the generation of carbon dioxide is suppressed and the bubbles become finer, so that the apparent volume of the gel material becomes smaller, but instead, the gel material becomes dense and the strength increases.

The wire 52 is torn off and the capsule 59 is collected (C).

In order to reinforce the gel layer of the waterproof chemical 60, a solidifying material 57 such as cement or a static chemical is injected through a capsule 59 ′ or an injection rod (not shown), and a solidifying layer 58 ′ is placed in the hole. Form them, and at this time, close the gap between the lost water and spring water points 54 (d).

Re-digging (reaming) is performed by the excavator 61, and the solidified layer 58 'and the plug 53b are cut and removed to open a hole (e).

"Effects of the Invention" The present invention configured as described above has the following effects.

(1) It is inexpensive. (Although it is disposable, it is so cheap that it is incomparable compared to the loss of conventional products).

(2) Easy to use, no special device required. Since the conventional product is expanded by pressure, a device is necessary and large-scale.

(3) Construction is easy and construction time is short.

(4) The post-injection (cement or chemical solution) can be continued without waiting, and the reaming in the hole after solidification can be similarly omitted.

Since the conventional packer is a recovery type, it takes a lot of time (2 to
3 hours).

(5) Easy to transport because no equipment is required. Especially oil,
Geothermal wells are suitable because they are the sea or mountains that hinder transportation.

[Brief description of drawings]

1A and 1B are a bird's-eye view of the stopper body of the present invention, FIGS. 2A and 2B are water-stopping process flow charts of the present invention, and FIGS. FIG. 7 is an enlarged detailed view of an essential part in the embodiment of FIG. 3, FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of an essential part in the embodiment of FIG. 5, and FIG. . 50 …… core rod, 51 …… cushion material, 51a …… brush-like part, 52 …… wire, 53a …… plug, 53b …… plug,
54 …… Lost water / spring water area, 55 …… Aggregate, 56 …… Injection rod, 57 …… Solid material, 58,58 ′ …… Solid layer, 59,59 ′ …… Capsule, 60 …… Water-stopping chemical, 61 ... Excavator.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Toshiyuki Oshita 3-18 No.8, Mokudori, Mihara-cho, Minamikawachi-gun, Osaka Prefecture Takenaka Corporation Technical Research Institute Osaka Branch (72) Inventor Katsuyasu Kitano Minamikawachi, Osaka Prefecture Mihara-cho, Gunma 3-chome 3-8 Takenaka Corporation Technical Research Institute Osaka Branch (72) Inventor Seizo Kamada 1-1-105 Takamidai, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka-shi, Fukuoka

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A push plug for a casing in which a cushioning material or a brush material made of a fiber material which is easily cut by a drilling blade is wound around a core rod made of wood or resin which is easily cut by a drilling blade suspended on a wire. A plug for water stoppage and spring water stoppage work in the middle part of the boring hole. 2. A push plug for a casing formed by winding a brush material made of a fibrous material easily cut by a drilling blade around a core rod made of wood or resin which is easily cut by a drilling blade suspended on a wire is isocyanate. After suspending the wire through the water-stopping chemical capsule of the system, push it down to the lower part of the lost water / spring, discharge the chemical from the capsule and solidify it with the brush material to form a tight plug body, and after cutting the wire Boring characterized by forming a solidified layer on the tight plug by injecting a solidifying material such as cement or a water-stopping chemical solution to fill the gap between the lost water and the spring, and then perform reaming. A method of stopping water leakage and spring water in the middle of the hole.