JPH0730897B2 - Incinerator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Industrial Field of the Invention The present invention is directed to household or business waste, waste paper,
It is used to incinerate combustible waste such as human waste.

2. Description of the Related Art As incinerators, there are incinerators that use gas fuel or liquid fuel. This involves burning the fuel in a burner and burning the waste with the heat. In addition, as a new proposal, there is an incinerator including electric power such as a heater and a magnetron as a heating source.

In particular, the method of incinerating with microwaves using a magnetron is attracting attention because it is easy to completely incinerate because waste is directly heated.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention A conventional waste treatment device provided with a magnetron is still insufficient in its configuration. This method has a drawback that odor is likely to be emitted from the combustion chamber even though complete combustion is easily caused by microwaves. In addition, the microwave seal is likely to be incomplete, which is dangerous.

The second problem is as follows. Generally, the device of electric power heating means can be miniaturized, but the heat of combustion of waste is generally low, and incineration becomes incomplete compared to the case of using auxiliary fuel such as gas or oil, so odor of ash tends to remain There are drawbacks. This is because electric power does not generate enough heat. In particular, when the amount of heat of the waste was small, or when the amount of waste was small, there was a large amount of odor remaining after use.

A third problem is that if the waste is a vegetable oil having a low boiling point, it is vaporized by its own heat and the amount of combustion cannot be controlled.

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention has the following configuration in order to solve such problems.

A decomposition combustion chamber for storing waste, a means for supplying combustion air to the decomposition combustion chamber, a microwave generation source for irradiating the decomposition combustion chamber with microwaves, and a heat insulating layer provided in the decomposition combustion chamber And a microwave sealing door provided in the second air chamber that houses the decomposition combustion chamber, and an air-tight door provided in the first air chamber that contains the second air chamber.

In order to solve the second problem, a decomposition combustion chamber for storing waste, a means for supplying combustion air to the decomposition combustion chamber, a microwave generation source for irradiating the decomposition combustion chamber with microwaves, The decomposition combustion chamber has a heat insulating layer formed of a microwave transmitting material.

Further, in order to solve the third problem, a decomposition combustion chamber for storing waste, a means for supplying combustion air to the decomposition combustion chamber, and a microwave generation source for irradiating the decomposition combustion chamber with microwaves. And a gas combustion chamber provided downstream of the decomposition combustion chamber, a combustion air path provided between the decomposition combustion chamber and the gas combustion chamber, and penetrating therethrough to form the decomposition combustion chamber and the gas combustion chamber. It is configured to have a gas passage portion that communicates.

Action Generally, most of the gas generated by heating waste is an unburned component, has an odor, and is extremely heavy. Although the generated gas is polymerized and has a large molecular weight, it is in the form of a mist and is 5 to 12 times heavier than air. As described above, the heavy gas can be conveyed to the gas combustion chamber with light combustion air without leaking to the outside. That is, since the decomposition combustion chamber is pressurized in the air chamber to prevent the gas from flowing out, the gas is less likely to leak than the inevitably generated gaps due to the removal of the decomposition combustion chamber. Finally, this pressurized air enters the cracking combustion chamber for the decomposition of waste.

The airtightness of the air chamber is extremely important because the air is sealed as described above. A rubber packing is used for the door to obtain this airtightness. However, since rubber does not have microwave sealing property and heat resistance, it is necessary to separately consider heat insulation and microwave sealing. Further, the microwave seal portion has a microwave absorbing material such as ferrite, or a choke mechanism designed to interfere with each other in accordance with the wavelength of the microwave, and has heat resistance as compared with rubber, Material deterioration when high heat is applied,
Deformation was likely to occur and the microwave sealing property could not be maintained. In addition, the high temperature insulation is made of ceramic insulation or adiabatic air layers. It is desirable that this portion has a small heat radiation area in order to prevent heat radiation.

Therefore, in the present invention, each of the heat, microwave, and air seals is shared by the combustion and air chambers formed in three layers, and the microwave seal is centered around the heat insulating portion that shuts off the high temperature, and the air The seal part is provided separately.

Further, the present invention utilizes the characteristics of microwave energy, and creates a decomposition combustion chamber for storing waste in a metallic container having a microwave permeable heat insulating material inside,
Since the microwave is radiated from the opening of the metal part at this end, the microwave penetrates the heat insulating material and is reflected by the metal wall, is absorbed by the waste and heats it, and this heat is shielded by the heat insulating material. I can't go outside because I'm told. That is, microwave energy can pass but heat cannot pass, and as a result, the inside of the decomposition combustion chamber becomes extremely hot and the waste is completely incinerated, so that no odor remains.

Furthermore, if the waste is a low boiling vegetable oil or the like, it is vaporized by self-heat and the amount of combustion cannot be controlled.However, the present invention provides a decomposition combustion chamber for storing the waste and a decomposition combustion chamber provided downstream of the decomposition combustion chamber. A gas combustion chamber for burning the cracked gas is provided, and the cracking combustion chamber and the gas combustion chamber are thermally insulated by a combustion air path, and the combustion heat is thermally separated and burned so as not to be heat for vaporizing itself. Moreover, since the temperature of this air rises and becomes lighter, the higher the temperature of the air that has entered the decomposition combustion chamber, the lower it does not fall below the decomposition combustion chamber. It will be suppressed.

Embodiment FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a first air chamber. A waste door 2 is provided at the front of the first air chamber 1. Inside the first air chamber 1, a combustion air port 3 and a second air chamber 5 having a door 4 are provided. Further, the second air chamber 5 is provided with a decomposition combustion chamber 7 that stores the waste 6. The decomposition combustion chamber 7 is a dish-shaped container, and the inside is protected by a heat insulating material 8. Also silicon carbide,
A radio wave absorber 9 such as zirconia is provided. Further, the opening 10 in the upper part of the second air chamber 5 communicates with the transmitting portion of the magnetron 11 through the waveguide 12.

Further, an air hole 14 is provided in an upper lid 13 provided on the upper part of the second air chamber 5. Combustion air to the air holes 14,
Supplied by blower 15 and damper 16. A gas port 17 is provided at approximately the center of the upper lid 13. Downstream of the decomposition combustion chamber 7, there is a gas combustion chamber 21 having a gas passage hole 18 communicating with the gas port 17, an ignition heater 19, and a combustion hole 20. Combustion air is sent from the blower 15 to the combustion hole 20. A combustion temperature detection unit 22, a catalyst 23,
And the exhaust hole 24 is provided. A heater 25 is provided upstream of the combustion hole 20 on the side wall of the gas combustion chamber 21.

Further, the above-mentioned door 2 is kept airtight by a rubber packing part, and the periphery of the door 4 has a choke mechanism for sealing microwaves, where microwaves are attenuated.

The operation of the present invention having the above configuration will be described below. The dish-shaped decomposition combustion chamber 7 can be taken out forward from the doors 2 and 4. The waste 6 is put into the decomposition combustion chamber and set again in the second air chamber 5.

Next, the drying is started by transmitting the magnetron 11, operating the blower 15, and energizing the heater 25. The microwave of 2450 MHz passes from the waveguide 12 through the heat insulating upper lid 13 which is mainly made of radio wave permeable alumina fiber, and creates a high electric field in the radio wave resonance space of the decomposition combustion chamber 7. Microwave
Since it has a wavelength of 12 cm, it is difficult to enter this 1/4 gap. Since it reflects on the metal wall, it is almost absorbed by the water in the waste 6 (the upper part of the decomposition combustion chamber 7 and the second air chamber 5).
A little leaks from the slit between). Therefore, waste 6
Dries rapidly. At the same time, the electromagnetic wave absorber 9 is also a waste product 6.
As the drying progresses, the radio waves start to be absorbed and the temperature rises. The high heat of the radio wave absorber 9 decomposes the waste to generate gas. The flow of combustion air flowing into the decomposition combustion chamber is
There is a path from 15 to the cracking combustion chamber 7 through the damper 16, the first air chamber 1 and the second air chamber 5 and the gap between the cracking combustion chamber 7 and the upper lid 13. Here, the pressure in each path decreases toward the downstream in the flow direction. Therefore, the pressure in the second air chamber 5 becomes higher than that in the decomposition combustion chamber 7, and as a result, the air in the second air chamber 5 is pre-pressurized against the decomposition combustion chamber 7. Therefore, the decomposition gas in the decomposition combustion chamber 7 does not leak to the second air chamber 5. By the way, the first air chamber 1 and the second air chamber 5 are communicated with each other through a gap at the penetrating portion of the lever 27 or a gap around the door 4.

The airtightness of the first air chamber 1 is important because the present invention performs air pressure sealing in this way. A rubber packing 26 is used for the door 2 to obtain this airtightness.

The airtight door 2 is set to the outermost side, and the decomposition combustion chamber 7
The inner surface of is made of a heat insulating material or a heat insulating air layer made of ceramic so that the packing 26 is not deteriorated by the heat of the decomposition combustion chamber 7. Further, the door 4 between the decomposition combustion chamber 7 and the door 2 prevents microwave leakage and assists in heat insulation. In particular, the microwave is attenuated in three stages of the decomposition combustion chamber 7, the door 4 and the door 2, so that it is safe against thermal deformation.

Therefore, the heat, microwave, and air seals are shared by the combustion and air chambers formed in three layers, and the microwave seal and air seal parts are separately provided around the heat insulating part that shuts off the high temperature. The first problem described above is solved.

Further, if a lever 27 that pushes up the entire decomposition combustion chamber 7 is used, the clearance between the upper end of the decomposition combustion chamber 7 and the upper lid 13 is reduced, the air pressurizing effect is improved, and gas leakage is greatly reduced. .

Next, this gas rises to the gas combustion chamber 21, and the ignition heater
Ignite at 19. During this time, the heat of the heater 25 is conveyed by air and the temperature of the catalyst 23 is raised to its activation temperature to prevent the generation of odor. Further, when the combustion temperature detecting unit 22 detects the combustion amount and controls the microwave, the increase in the combustion amount exceeding the combustion capacity of the gas combustion chamber is suppressed.

Further, if the waste is low boiling point vegetable oil or the like, it is vaporized by its own heat and the amount of combustion cannot be controlled. However, in order to solve this drawback, the decomposition combustion chamber 7 for decomposing the waste 6 and the gas combustion chamber 21 In order to further enhance this effect, the decomposition air combustion chamber 7 for storing the waste and the gas combustion chamber 21 for combusting the decomposition gas provided downstream of this are insulated by the combustion air path to perform combustion. The heat is separated and burned so that it does not become heat that vaporizes itself. In addition, the temperature of this air rises and becomes lighter, and the higher the temperature of the air, the easier it is for the air to flow into the gas combustion chamber 21 through the gas port 17 without falling below the decomposition combustion chamber 7. Therefore, as the combustion becomes excessive, the waste 6 is less likely to come into contact with the air, and the heat generation decomposition is suppressed.

The present invention gasifies and burns components that are easily vaporized by such a method, but as the waste carbonizes, the generation of gas weakens.

This situation is judged by the weight of the waste, the change of the combustion temperature, or visually, and the damper 16 is operated to send a large amount of air to the carbide to start the ash combustion. Since the waste has already lost the cracked gas, it does not overburn and the carbide glows red.

In addition, the microwave of the magnetron 11 generates an electric discharge with carbon and promotes the combustion of this carbon.

However, at the end of this ashing process, the amount of combustion is reduced and heat radiation is likely to be large, and it is easy to end in an incomplete incineration state, but the present invention realizes complete ashing by utilizing the characteristics of microwave energy. is doing. That is, if waste is stored in the metallic decomposition combustion chamber 7 having the microwave permeable heat insulating material 8 inside, and microwaves are radiated from the opening of the metal portion at this one end, the microwave heats the heat insulating material 8. While being transmitted and reflected by the metal wall, it is absorbed by the waste and heats it. However, this heat does not go out because it is blocked by the heat insulating material. That is, since microwave energy can enter but heat cannot pass, the inside of the decomposition combustion chamber 7 becomes extremely hot as a result, and the waste is completely incinerated, so that no odor remains.

When the amount of waste becomes small, the microwave absorber 9 inside generates heat, and this high heat stores heat to completely eliminate the organic components of the waste.

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION As described above, in the present invention, it is convenient to store waste, and since the waste burns at a constant level with electric power, it becomes a compact device, and odor is unlikely to be emitted from the gap for storage. Moreover, odor components are less likely to remain in the ash, and the device is less likely to be contaminated. Especially when the amount of heat of the waste is small or small, the structure of the present invention does not leave an odor after use.
In addition, microwaves are hard to leak and are safe.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1 ... First air chamber, 5 ... Second air chamber, 7 ... Decomposition combustion chamber, 8 ... Insulation material, 11 ... Magnetron, 21 ... Gas combustion chamber.

Front Page Continuation (72) Inventor Yoshitaka Kawasaki 1006 Kadoma, Kadoma City, Osaka Prefecture Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. (56) Reference JP-A-63-116015 (JP, A)

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A decomposition combustion chamber for storing waste, means for supplying combustion air to the decomposition combustion chamber, a microwave source for irradiating the decomposition combustion chamber with microwaves, and the decomposition combustion chamber. Incineration having a heat insulating layer provided in the second air chamber, a microwave sealing door provided in the second air chamber containing the decomposition combustion chamber, and an airtight door provided in the first air chamber containing the second air chamber apparatus. 2. A metal decomposition and combustion chamber for storing waste,
The incinerator according to claim 1, further comprising: a means for supplying combustion air to the decomposition combustion chamber, a microwave generation source for irradiating the decomposition combustion chamber with microwaves, and a microwave permeable material on an inner surface of the decomposition combustion chamber. . 3. A gas combustion chamber provided downstream of the decomposition combustion chamber,
The incinerator according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a combustion air path provided between the decomposition combustion chamber and the gas combustion chamber, and a gas passage portion that penetrates the combustion air path and connects the decomposition combustion chamber and the gas combustion chamber.