JPH0753992B2 - Reticulated body for greening - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a greening mesh (hereinafter referred to as a mesh) used in, for example, a slope greening method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, one of the methods for greening the slope is a method in which a net-like body is laid on the slope and a vegetation material composed of vegetation seeds and fertilizer is sprayed on the upper surface. According to this construction method, the net and the vegetation material prevent erosion (erosion) of the slope due to rainfall, snow melting, wind erosion, frost heave, etc., and can protect the slope by greening within a few years.

As a net-like body used in such a greening method, a net-like body made of a chemically synthesized plastic such as polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene (PP) has been widely used. That is, a net-like body was formed by weaving a plastic monofilament or flat yarn as a warp and a weft. The reason is that these plastics are strong and inexpensive, and in planting the slopes, the plant protects the slopes by rooting the plants on the slopes and growing until they grow to some extent. This is because it is essential to become the greening substrate material.

[0004]

However, this plastic has a characteristic that it does not deteriorate semipermanently under normal conditions. Therefore, unlike other plant-based materials or animal-based materials, this plastic has a long life. It will not be weathered or corroded by exposure to wind and rain and become homogenized with soil or soil. For this reason, in recent years, such characteristics have been regarded as a disaster.
It has become a global environmental problem as plastic pollution.

Therefore, under such a circumstance, the use of a plastic net in the slope greening method or the like contributes to environmental greening, on the other hand.
On the other hand, it also promotes plastic pollution.

In order to avoid the problems caused by the above-mentioned characteristics of the plastic material, a mesh made of a plant material such as jute has been conventionally used. In addition, viscose rayon is made of regenerated cellulose, is a so-called corrosive material that completely corrodes even after a long period of time, and can be applied to a loom relatively easily. It has been attempted to be used in the case where the mesh is partially corroded, as proposed in Japanese Patent No. 828-828.

As described above, in order to corrode the reticulated body, it has been proposed to use various corrosive materials, but conventionally, these have not been used so much. The reason is as follows. That is, when a corrosive mesh is laid on the slope and sprayed with vegetation material, most of these meshes are corroded about two months after being laid on the slope, and the required strength is reduced. Because it will be gone. For the plants to germinate from the sprayed vegetation material, which is too short for them to grow and flourish sufficiently, such as 2 months, thus achieving their original purpose of slope protection and plant growth by the reticulate body. I can't.

Therefore, an ideal net-like body for use in slope protection and the like maintains a sufficient tensile strength for about 6 months to 2 years after laying, and finally retains its original shape after the plant has grown to some extent. It can be said that it is subdivided before it is stopped, or decomposes and corrodes to homogenize in the soil.

The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned matters, and an object thereof is to maintain sufficient tensile strength as a net for about half a year to two years after laying, and then keep the original shape. It is to provide a reticulate body that is not subdivided or decomposes and corrodes before it exists.

[0010]

In order to achieve the above object, the mesh body according to the first aspect of the invention is a mixed fiber in which all members such as warp and weft constituting the body of the mesh body are composed of corrosive fibers and synthetic fibers. It consists of.

The reticulated body according to the second invention is a mixture obtained by internally adding at least one of a high molecular emulsion and a water-soluble polymer to a viscose solution, with all members such as warp and weft constituting the reticulated body main body. It is composed of fine rayon.

[0012]

In the first aspect of the invention, the corrosive fiber components such as cotton, silk, hemp, or regenerated fibers (rayon) forming the reticulate body are decomposed and corroded by the erosion of microorganisms, while the strength is gradually reduced. The strength can be maintained for a required period by using synthetic fiber components such as vinylon, polyester, nylon and acrylic.

For example, in the case of a mixed fiber of 70% viscose rayon and 30% polyester, as shown in the lower column of Table 1,
Although the tensile strength gradually decreases as the viscose rayon component is decomposed and corroded, it retains sufficient strength to prevent frost heave and erosion on the slope up to about a year and a half.

The required strength holding period should be appropriately set according to the condition of the slope. For example, on a slope with a lot of embankment, the growth of vegetation is fast, so a relatively short period, for example, about half a year, is sufficient. In some cases, a slope with many rocks with low growth rate of vegetation may require a relatively long period, for example, about 2 years. Also, there is a considerable difference depending on the construction start time, and it is necessary to consider that, for example, when the start time is summer, the activity of microorganisms is extremely active and the strength decreases relatively quickly.

In any case, according to the present invention, by appropriately selecting the mixing ratio of the corrosive fiber and the synthetic fiber, the optimum strength holding period is set according to the condition of the slope to be constructed and the construction start time. It is possible to flexibly cope with an extremely wide range of application. In addition, corrosive fiber 60 ~
A mixing ratio of 80% and synthetic fibers 40 to 20% is preferable. With the mixing ratio in this range, after the strength retention period, the synthetic fiber components remain as thin lines that do not keep their original shape, but soft materials. In the end, it will be finely divided and miniaturized, so that it will not be an adverse effect that spoils the aesthetics of the slope.

In the case of a mixed fiber rayon in which 5% of vinyl acetate resin emulsion, for example, is added as a polymer emulsion to the solution of viscose of the second invention, as shown in the lower column of Table 2, as compared with viscose rayon alone, As the strength increases and the hydrophilic group content decreases, it is less likely to be decomposed even by microorganisms, and it has the strength to prevent frost heave and erosion on the slope up to about one year, after which it is completely homogenized in soil. There is no pollution problem at all.

Also in the present invention, the strength holding period can be adjusted by selecting the proportion of the polymer emulsion or the like to be internally added, and a flexible response can be taken according to the condition of the slope. The above vinyl acetate resin emulsion may be internally added in combination with Poval or polyacryl amide, or a simple substance of Poval and polyacryl amide may be added.
Or both can be combined and added internally,
The addition ratio of the internally added material to the viscose solution is generally 2 to
15% is preferred.

[0018]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an example of a reticulated body N according to the present invention. In this figure, 1 is a reticulated body main body consisting of warp yarns 2 and weft yarns 3, the size of which is, for example, width 2 m × length 100
m, and the mesh 4 is, for example, 12 mm long × 8 mm wide, and is knitted into a predetermined shape by a Russell loom using monofilaments. Reference numeral 5 denotes a reinforcing rope which is provided at both left and right ends and an intermediate portion of the net body 1 in parallel with the warp yarn 2.

Each of the warp 2, the weft 3, and the reinforcing rope described above is, for example, a viscose rayon which is a corrosive fiber.
It is composed of so-called mixed-spun rayon (monofilament) obtained by mixing and spinning 70% and 30% of synthetic fiber polyester. In this case, the mixed spun rayon 2000D
(Denier) The data shown in Table 1 was obtained from an experiment in which the change characteristics over time assuming the usage state of the tensile strength per piece were compared with the conventional viscose rayon alone.

[0021]

[Table 1]

As can be seen from Table 1, the mixed spun rayon has a tensile strength higher than that of the conventional viscose rayon, and the strength is maintained for a relatively long period of about 1%.
It will be about 40% of the original in half a year. During that time, the viscose rayon component is eroded by microorganisms, so the strength gradually decreases, and at the end of one and a half years, only the polyester component remains in the form of threads, but this is soft and eventually finely divided. Will be converted. Since the experiment started in the summer (July) when the activity of microorganisms was the most active, the decrease in strength was relatively quick. Further, if the tensile strength of each strand of the mixed-spun rayon constituting the reticulate body 1 is 0.5 kg, as described later, when it is laid on the slope 6, frost heave and erosion on the slope 6 will be described. Therefore, the slope 6 can be sufficiently protected if the tensile strength is 1.2 kg as shown in Table 1.

As shown in FIG. 3, a reticulated body N made of mixed spun rayon having such strength characteristics that change with time is used.
And as shown in FIG. 4, when laid on the slope 6,
As mentioned above, the required strength is maintained for about one and a half years after installation, and frost heave and erosion can be prevented and slope 6 can be sufficiently protected. After that, it is gradually subdivided and pollution problems occur. It will be so fine that it will not be caused. In addition to viscose rayon as the corrosive fiber, cotton,
Silk, hemp, etc. can be used, and as synthetic fibers, vinylon, nylon, acrylic, etc. can be used in addition to polyester.

Alternatively, a vinyl acetate resin (vinyl acetate) emulsion, which is a polymer emulsion, is added to a viscose solution.
% The above-mentioned warp yarns 2, weft yarns 3 and reinforcing ropes may be made of mixed fiber rayon that is internally added to improve the strength. In this case, the data as shown in Table 2 was obtained from an experiment comparing the change characteristics of the tensile strength per 1000 D (denier) of the mixed fiber rayon with the conventional viscose rayon with time.

[0025]

[Table 2]

From Table 2, the mixed fiber rayon has a stronger tensile force than the conventional viscose rayon alone, and its strength is maintained for a relatively long period of time in about one year.
It can be seen that the strength is about 1/3. After that, everything is decomposed and corroded like viscose rayon. In addition, since this experiment also started in the summer, the strength declined a little earlier.

This mixed fiber rayon is a tape-shaped so-called ribbon straw obtained by spinning a mixed solution prepared by adding the above-mentioned polymer emulsion or water-soluble polymer to a viscose solution from a flat special spinneret. Is formed. In addition to the vinyl acetate resin emulsion as the polymer emulsion, an acrylic resin emulsion or ethylene vinyl acetate resin emulsion can be used, and as the water-soluble polymer, poval or polyacryl amide can be used.

A reticulated body N made of this mixed fiber rayon was formed into a slope 6 as shown in FIGS.
When laid, the necessary strength is maintained and the slope 6 can be sufficiently protected for about one year after laying, and thereafter, the slope 6 is completely decomposed and corroded, and no pollution problem occurs at all. Since such a mixed fiber rayon can be obtained in the form of a tape as described above, there is an advantage that the commercial value can be increased and the cost can be reduced.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 described above, when the vegetation material 8 is sprayed onto the reticulated body N using, for example, the dry spraying device 7, the sprayed vegetation material 8 is , Held by the mesh N. Then, the reticulated body N maintains its strength until the plant grows from the sprayed vegetation material 8 and becomes prosperous, so that the vegetation material 8 does not run away. After that, the strength of the reticulated body N gradually decreases, and the reticulated body N gradually subdivides, or decomposes and corrodes to eventually be assimilated into soil, so that the pollution problem is not a concern.

In FIG. 3, 9 is a dry spraying device main body for mixing and stirring fertilizer material 10 and plant seeds (not shown), and 11 is a material supply hose connected to the spraying device main body 9.
A spray nozzle provided at the tip end side of 12, a hose for supplying water mixed in the spray nozzle 11, a water tank, a water supply pump 15 and a fertilizer material spraying device main body 16. It is a carrier device for supplying to the stirring tank 17 of FIG. Further, in FIG. 4, reference numeral 18 denotes an anchor bolt for fixing the mesh body to the slope 6.

By the way, the strength holding period required for the net-like body N differs depending on the state of the slope 6, and for example, on the slope 6 with a lot of embankment, a relatively short period, for example, about half a year, is sufficient because the growth of plants is fast. In some cases, a relatively long period, for example, about 2 years may be required on the slope 6 where the growth rate of the plant is low and there are many rocks. Therefore, the strength holding period should be set according to the state of slope 6, but in the case of blended fiber, the period should be set appropriately within the mixing ratio of 60-80% corrosive fiber and 40-20% synthetic fiber. Can be set. That is, the greater the proportion of synthetic fibers, the longer the strength holding period can be.

The lower limit value of 20% of the mixing ratio of the above synthetic fibers is
It is a value to obtain the necessary minimum strength, and the upper limit value is 40%.
Is a limit value in the blending technology that can be uniformly mixed with corrosive fibers, but the present invention is not limited to this ratio, and it is needless to say that the mixing ratio may be appropriately selected and may be appropriately combined. Nor.

In this respect, the same applies to the case of mixed fiber rayon, and the strength holding period is adjusted by appropriately selecting the addition amount of the polymer emulsion to be added internally, preferably in the range of 2% to 15%. Is possible. That is, if the amount of internal addition is increased, the strength holding period can be lengthened. Further, as described above, the polymer emulsion alone may be internally added, or the water-soluble polymer such as poval or polyacrylic amide may be internally added in combination, or the poval and polyacrylic amide alone may be internally added. May be internally added as it is, or both may be internally added, and a wide range of correspondence depending on the situation is possible.

FIG. 2 shows another structural example of the mesh N. The mesh N shown in this figure has a size of, for example, width 2 m × length 100 m, and its mesh 4 is, for example, 4 mm. Vertical 12 mm
× 11 mm wide, knitted into a predetermined shape by a Russell loom using monofilaments. The reticulated body N is a tape portion made of a flat yarn that is woven and woven so as to repeat sparseness and denseness at appropriate intervals in the direction of the weft yarn 3.
19 are formed. The above-mentioned mixed spun rayon may be used for the monofilament of the reticulated body N, and the mixed fiber rayon may be used for the flat yarn.

The mesh N according to the present invention is shown in FIGS.
Not only used in the dry spraying method shown in
It can also be used in a wet spraying method using a hydrocedar or gunki. Also, as the vegetation material to be sprayed, a material such as PM C material (registered trademark owned by Jomo Ryokusan Kogyo Co., Ltd.), which is sludge converted into vegetation material, is used.
This may be sprayed by a spraying machine using a mini cleat pump. Further, the reticulated body N may be simply laid on the slope 6 and used for the purpose of preventing frost heave and erosion of the slope 6 as described above.

[0036]

As described in detail above, the reticulated body according to the present invention can maintain a desired strength within a predetermined period after being laid on a slope or the like. Therefore, the reticulated body is laid on the slope. After that, when sprayed with vegetation material from above, it is possible to prevent frost heave and erosion of the slope, and the reticulate body, plants grow from the sprayed vegetation material,
Since it maintains its strength until it becomes overgrown, the vegetation material does not run away and the slope is planted in a stable and reliable manner over the entire surface. On the other hand, the strength of the reticulate body gradually decreases, and when the plant grows, the reticulate body is gradually subdivided or decomposed and corroded to eventually be assimilated into soil. Therefore, unlike conventional methods, it is possible to promote greening without promoting plastic pollution.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an example of a mesh body according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing another example of a mesh body according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a dry spraying method.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view showing a main part of the dry spraying method.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 ... Net body, 2 ... Warp, 3 ... Weft.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A reticulated body for greening, characterized in that all the members such as warp and weft constituting the reticulated body main body are composed of blended fibers composed of corrosive fibers and synthetic fibers. 2. All the members such as warp and weft constituting the reticulate body are made of mixed fiber rayon in which at least one of a high molecular emulsion and a water-soluble polymer is internally added to a viscose solution. A reticulated body for greening.