JPH0754302B2 - Printed circuit board processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial field of application> The present invention relates to a mounter for mounting components on a printed circuit board, a printed circuit board inspection device for checking whether or not the components are correctly mounted on the printed circuit board, and the like. The present invention relates to a printed circuit board processing device used.

<< Prior Art >> When an automatic mounting apparatus is used for mounting various chip components such as resistors and semiconductor elements on a printed circuit board, the components may not be mounted according to the mounting data after mounting.

For this reason, when using such an automatic mounting device, the printed circuit board is checked after mounting, and a legitimate chip component is mounted in a correct position (position, direction) at a regular position on the printed circuit board. It is necessary to inspect whether or not there is any dropout.

However, if such an inspection is performed by visual inspection by hand as in the conventional case, there is a problem that the occurrence of an inspection error cannot be completely eliminated and the inspection speed cannot be increased.

Therefore, in recent years, various manufacturers have proposed various automatic inspection / inspection devices for printed circuit boards that can automatically perform this type of inspection.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an example of such an automatic inspection apparatus.

The automatic inspection apparatus shown in this figure compares all of the components 2-on the printed circuit board 1 to be inspected by comparing the pre-input reference data with the inspection data obtained by imaging the printed circuit board 1 to be inspected. Whether 1 to 2-n is loaded,
And these parts 2-1 to 2-n are automatically inspected for any displacement or the like.
Keyboard 3, storage unit 4, TV camera 5, and processing unit 6
And a display unit 7.

The keyboard 3 is provided with various keys such as a function key and a numeric keypad, and is used as reference data when the printed circuit board 1 to be inspected is inspected by an operator or the like, that is, the type data of the inspected printed circuit board 1 and the The characteristic data such as the color data, the mounting position data, the mounting attitude data, and the shape data of the parts 2-1 to 2-n that should be on the inspection printed circuit board 1, and the printed circuit board 1 to be inspected based on the respective characteristic data. Upper parts 2-1 to 2-n
When the permissible error value data and the like necessary for inspecting the quality of are input, these respective data are supplied to the storage unit 4.

The storage unit 4 includes a RAM (random access memory) or the like, stores each data supplied from the keyboard 3 and supplies the data to the processing unit 6.

The processing unit 6 processes the image of the inspected printed circuit board 1 obtained by the TV camera 5, and features of each of the components 2-1 to 2-n mounted on the inspected printed circuit board 1. Data (inspected data) is extracted, and the inspected data is checked based on the reference data stored in the storage unit 4 and the check result is displayed on the display unit 7.
To display the quality of each of the parts 2-1 to 2-n.

<< Problems to be Solved by the Invention >> In this type of automatic inspection apparatus, since the reference data is input from the keyboard 3, there is a problem that a large amount of time is required for input when the number of parts is large. Atsuta

Therefore, in order to eliminate such inconvenience, conventionally, a reference printed circuit board or a teaching board, which is an inspection reference of the printed circuit board 1 to be inspected, is created, and these reference printed circuit boards are
It is also performed to have the TV camera 5 pick up an image to create reference data.

However, in this case, it is difficult to obtain the normal reference data because it is difficult to extract only the component image from the image signal obtained by the TV camera 5 by the method of capturing the reference printed circuit board and creating the reference data. There's a problem.

Further, in the method of creating the reference data by using the teaching board, it is necessary to separately image the raw board portion and the component portion. For this purpose, it is necessary to distinguish the raw substrate portion and the component portion from each other. There is a problem that it is necessary to image after painting with different colors, which requires a great deal of time and labor for painting for this distinction.

In view of the above circumstances, it is an object of the present invention to provide a printed circuit board processing apparatus capable of teaching accurate reference data even if a teaching board or the like is made quite rough.

<< Means for Solving Problems >> In order to solve the above problems, the printed circuit board processing apparatus according to the present invention stores in advance information about a frame of a part indicating a part area on the printed circuit board. An image pickup means for picking up an image of a reference printed circuit board on which the parts are legally mounted, and generating image pickup data; a display means for displaying the image pickup data by superimposing a frame of the part indicating the part area; and the display means. Correction means for correcting the information about the frame of the component indicating the component area related to the display in accordance with the correction operation.

<< Embodiment >> FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of a printed circuit board inspection apparatus to which an embodiment of the printed circuit board processing apparatus according to the present invention is applied.

The printed circuit board inspection apparatus shown in this figure includes an XY table section 14, an imaging section 15, and a processing section 16, and a window obtained by imaging the teaching board 32 (a component area on the printed circuit board). The cutout window of the part image, which is the frame of the part indicating (1), can be corrected after imaging. Then, this printed circuit board inspection device binarizes the reference printed circuit board 10-1 and the inspected printed circuit board 10-2 respectively by using the accurate window obtained by the correction process. The component image data is cut out from the image data, the characteristic parameters of these component image data are compared, and the printed circuit board to be inspected is based on the comparison result.
10-2 It is inspected whether the component 13b on the upper side has fallen out or is displaced.

The XY table unit 14 is driven in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction by the pulse motors 17 and 18 which operate based on the control signal from the processing unit 16 and the pulse motors 17 and 18, respectively. An XY table 19 and printed circuit board positioning pins 20a and 20b provided on the XY table 19 are provided, and the printed circuit boards 10-1 and 10-2 and the teaching board 32 are connected to the XY table 19. When placing it on the Y table 19,
By inserting the positioning holes formed in the printed circuit boards 10-1 and 10-2 and the teaching board 32 into the pins 20a and 20b, the printed circuit boards 10-1 and 10-2 can be inserted.
-2 and the teaching board 32 are positioned.

The image pickup unit 15 includes a color TV camera 21 provided above the XY table unit 14, and a ring illumination device 22 provided on the lens front side of the color TV camera 21,
The teaching board 32 and each printed circuit board 10-1, 10-
The color TV camera 21 picks up an image of the image 2 while illuminating the ring illumination device 22, the image data is generated, and the image signal is supplied to the processing unit 16.

The processing unit 16 creates a window based on the image signal of the teaching board 32 supplied from the image capturing unit 15, and then corrects this window when a correction command for this window is input. Using the obtained accurate window, the image signal of the reference printed circuit board 10-1 supplied from the image pickup section 15 and the printed circuit board 10-to be inspected
This is a part for determining whether or not the component 13b on the inspected printed circuit board 10-2 has fallen off or displaced by cutting out and comparing the component image part from the image signal of 2. The conversion unit 23, the memory 24, the teaching table 25, the image processing unit 26, the XY stage controller 27, the CRT display 28, the printer 29, and the keyboard 3
0 and a control unit (CPU) 31 are provided.

When the image signal is supplied from the image pickup unit 15, the A / D conversion unit 23 performs A / D conversion (analog / digital conversion) on the image signal to create image data, and supplies this to the control unit 31.

The memory 24 is RAM (random access memory).
Etc., and is used as a work area of the control unit 31.

Further, the image processing unit 26 is configured to, when supplied with the image data and the threshold value via the control unit 31, binarize the image data with this threshold value. (2
The binarized image data) is supplied to the control unit 31.

Further, the teaching table 25 is provided with a floppy disc device or the like, which stores a data file or the like when it is supplied from the control unit 31, and also stores the data file.
When the device outputs a transfer request, the data file or the like is read out in response to the request and is supplied to the control unit 31 or the like.

The XY stage controller 27 is configured to include an interface or the like that connects the control unit 31 and the XY table unit 14, and the XY stage controller 27 is based on the output of the control unit 31. The table unit 14 is controlled.

The CRT display 28 is equipped with a cathode ray tube (CRT), and when image data, determination results, key input data, etc. are supplied from the control unit 31, they are displayed on the screen.

Further, when the printer 29 is supplied with the judgment result or the like from the control unit 31, the printer 29 uses this in a predetermined format (format).
To print out.

As shown in FIG. 2, the keyboard 30 has various keys 39 to 45 necessary for correcting the window, operation information, data on the reference printed circuit board 10-1, and the reference printed circuit board 10-1. Various keys necessary for inputting data and the like regarding the component 13a are provided, and information and data and the like input from the keyboard 30 are supplied to the control unit 31.

The control unit 31 includes a microprocessor and the like, and the A / D conversion unit 23 based on a program input in advance.
~ Controls the keyboard 30 and processes various data.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described with reference to the flow charts shown in FIGS. 3 (A) to 3 (C) and FIG.

First, when a new printed circuit board 10-2 to be inspected is inspected, the control section 31 initializes each circuit section at step ST1 of the teaching flow chart (main chart) shown in FIG. After that, in step ST2, the parts position teaching routine 35 shown in FIG. 3 (B) is called, and in step ST3 of this routine, a method for creating a window screen file necessary for extracting a part image is asked.

Here, the operator gives an instruction to create a window screen file using the teaching board 32, and XY
If you set the teaching board 32 on the table section 14,
The control unit 31 branches from this step ST3 to step ST4,
Here, the XY table unit 14 is controlled to cause the image pickup unit 15 to image the first divided area of the teaching board 32, and the image signal obtained by this image pickup operation is digitally processed by the A / D converter 23. Convert to a signal (image data).

In this case, the teaching board 32 is a component mounting board made for teaching the device of the component position and the component shape, and the position information and the shape information of the component from the image data obtained by imaging this. In order to make it easy to extract and, the base board part is painted black and the parts are painted white.

Then, the control unit 31 transfers the image data to the image processing unit 26 in step ST5 to binarize the image data,
In step ST6, a label (identification number) is attached to each component image obtained from the binarization result.

After that, the control unit 31 checks whether or not there is a part that is labeled redundantly in step ST7, and if a new label is added to the already labeled part, it is removed.

Next, the control unit 31 checks whether or not the number of parts newly labeled in step ST8 and the number of parts input via the keyboard 30 match, and if these match, the step 31 In ST9, create a window (data acquisition window) that matches the position and shape of each part.

After that, the control unit 31 stores the file in which each window is associated with the label name in the teaching table 25 as a window screen file in step ST10.Then, the control unit 31 controls the teaching board on the teaching board in step ST11. Check whether all the divided areas have been processed, and if there are still unprocessed divided areas, return from this step ST11 to step ST4 and perform the above-mentioned processing for the remaining divided areas. Run.

Then, when the processing is completed for all the divided areas, the control unit 31 determines that the parts position teaching routine 35
Then, the procedure returns to step ST15 of the main flow chart.

In step ST3, if the operator instructs to create a window screen file from the component position master and sets the component position master in the XY table section 14, the control section 31 branches from this step ST3 to step ST12. Then, the XY table unit 14 is controlled here to control the imaging unit 15
To image the first divided area of the component position master.

In this case, the reference PCB
10-1 and the actual size drawing made when the reference printed circuit board 10-1 is prepared are used.

Then, the image signal obtained by imaging the component position master is converted into image data by the A / D converter 23,
It is supplied to the control unit 31 and displayed on the CRT display 28.

Here, while looking at the screen displayed on the CRT display 28, the operator operates the arrow keys 44a to 44d (or the mouse or the like) of the keyboard 30 to individually move the respective corners of the respective component images displayed on the screen. If the point is pointed to, the control unit 31 takes in the point instruction information in step ST13, and knows the contour of the component image displayed on the screen based on this information.

The CRT display 28
When the operator finishes inputting the component contours for all the component images displayed above and presses the end key, the control unit 31
Attaches a label to each part contour in step ST14.

After this, the control 31 performs the same processing as the steps ST7 to ST10 in steps ST7a to ST10a to create windows for each part, and these windows and label names are used as a window screen file for the teaching table.
Remember to 25.

Then, the control unit 31 checks in step ST11a whether or not the processing of all the divided areas of the component position master is completed, and repeatedly executes the steps ST12 to ST11a until the above-mentioned processing is completed for all the divided areas. To do.

When this process ends, the control unit 31 returns to step ST15 of the main flow chart.

Further, in step ST3, if the operator instructs to divert the other data such as mount data to create the window screen file, the control section 31 exits this routine and the step ST15 of the main flow chart is executed.
Return to.

Then, the control unit 31 executes the XY table in this step ST15.
Check whether the reference printed circuit board 10-1 is set on 19 or not, and if it is set, X-Y
The table unit 14 is controlled to cause the image pickup unit 15 to pick up an image of the first divided area of the reference printed circuit board 10-1, and the image signal obtained thereby is converted into image data by the A / D conversion unit 23. After that, this image data is supplied to the image processing unit 26 and binarized.

Next, the control unit 31 extracts a copper foil pattern image from the binarized image data obtained by the binarization process in step ST16, stores it in the teaching table 25 as a positioning reference pattern, and then, in step ST16. In ST17, the window modification routine 36 shown in FIG. 3C is called, and in step ST18 of this routine, the image data (image data of the reference printed circuit board 10-1) is supplied to the CRT display 28 and the teaching is performed. The window screen file is read from the table 25 and supplied to the CRT display 28.

In this case, the image of the reference printed circuit board 10-1 includes not only the component 13a but also its copper foil pattern, etc., as shown in FIG. 5 (A). Further, the window screen includes only the window 37 as shown in FIG. 5 (B), and each of these screens is displayed on the CRT display 28 in an overlapping manner.

Next, in step ST19, the control unit 31 changes the color of the first window of the windows 37 on the screen, and notifies the operator that this window is currently the processing target.

If the operator judges that it is not necessary to correct the first window while looking at the screen and presses the NEX key 42 on the keyboard 30, the control unit 31 detects this in step ST20 and detects this step. After branching from ST20 to step ST21, the color of the first window is restored here, and then the designation of the processing window is incremented to change the color of the next window (in this case, the second window).

Further, here, if the operator presses the release key 40 on the keyboard 30, the control unit 31 detects this in step ST22, determines that this window is a window caused by noise or the like, and from this step ST22. Branch to step ST23. Then, the control unit 31 removes this window in this step ST23.

If the operator presses the correction key 43 of the window on the keyboard 30, the control unit 31 causes the step ST24
Then, this is detected and it is determined that this window needs to be corrected, and the process branches from this step ST24 to step ST25.

Then, in step ST25, the control unit 31 changes the portion of the window designated by the arrow keys 44a to 44d in the direction designated by the arrow keys 44a to 44d and the deformation key 39. Fix it.

Further, here, if the operator presses the additional key 41 on the keyboard 30, the control unit 31 detects this in step ST26 and determines that it is necessary to add a window, and branches from this step ST26 to step ST27. .

Then, in step ST27, the control unit 31 creates a new window in the portion designated by the arrow keys 44a to 44d, and executes the above-described window correction processing for this window.

After this, the window correction process for all the component images displayed on the screen is completed, and the operator operates the keyboard 30
When the end key 45 on the upper side is pressed, the control unit 31 makes a step ST28.
Then, this is detected, and the corrected window screen file obtained by the above-described correction operation is stored in the teaching table 25, then this routine is ended and the process returns to the step ST29 of the main flow chart.

Then, the control unit 31 checks in step ST29 whether or not the processing of all the divided areas on the reference printed circuit board 10-1 has been completed. The process returns from step ST29 to step ST15, and the above-mentioned processing is executed for the remaining divided areas.

And when the processing is completed for all the divided areas,
The control unit 31 branches from step ST29 to step ST30,
Here, the window screen files for each divided area stored in the teaching table 25 are displayed collectively (or sequentially) and the operator reprocesses the window screen files (for example, correction, deletion, addition of windows, etc.). Process) is required.

Here, if the operator inputs that at least one of the window screen files needs to be reprocessed,
The control unit 31 returns from this step ST30 to the step ST15, and again executes the above-described processing for the divided areas that need reprocessing.

In step ST30, if the operator inputs that no reprocessing is necessary, the control unit 31 branches from this step ST30 to step ST31, where the XY table unit 14 is controlled and the image pickup unit 15 is set to the reference. First of printed circuit board 10-1
The divided area is imaged, and the image signal obtained thereby is converted into image data by the A / D conversion unit 23, and then this image data is supplied to the image processing unit 26 and
Make it a value.

Next, the control unit 31 extracts a copper foil pattern (measurement pattern) from the binarized image data obtained by the binarization processing in step ST32, and stores the copper foil pattern (measurement pattern) in the teaching table 25 with the address of this measurement pattern. The address of each pixel forming the binarized image data is shifted so that the address of the reference pattern coincides with each window position of the window screen file stored in the teaching table 25, and Match the position of each part in the binarized image data.

When this process is completed, the control unit 31 cuts out each component image from the binarized image by using each window of the window screen file in step ST33, and from each of these component images, the reference printed circuit board 10-1 is displayed. The characteristic parameters of each component 13a on the first divided area are extracted.

In this case, the lightness, saturation, hue, etc. of the component are used as the characteristic parameters.

Next, the control unit 31 files each of these characteristic parameters to the teaching table 25 in step ST34,
In step ST35, check whether or not the above-mentioned processing has been completed for all the divided areas of the reference printed circuit board 10-1, and if there are still undivided divided areas, this step ST35 Returning to step ST31, the above-mentioned processing is executed for the remaining divided areas.

Further, when inspecting the inspected substrate 10-2 that is mass-produced so as to be the same as the reference printed circuit board 10-1,
31 is the step of the inspection flow chart shown in FIG.
In ST40, initialize each part of the circuit and put them in the inspection mode.

Thereafter, if the inspected printed circuit board 10-2 is set on the XY table section 14 by an operator or the like, the control section 31
In step ST41, the XY table unit 14 is controlled to cause the image pickup unit 15 to image the first divided area of the printed circuit board 10-2 to be inspected, and the image signal obtained at this time is A /
The D conversion unit 23 converts the image data into image data, and then the image data is supplied to the image processing unit 26 to be binarized.

Next, the control unit 31 executes the position correction processing of the image data in step ST42, and the reference printed circuit board 10-1
The position of each component in the binarized image in (2) and the position of each window in the window screen file stored in the teaching table 25 are completely matched.

Thereafter, the control unit 31 cuts out each component image from the binarized image of the inspected printed circuit board 10-2 by using each window of the window screen file in step ST43, and at the same time, inspects the inspected image from each of these component images. Printed circuit board 10
The characteristic parameter of each part 13b on the first divided area of -2 is extracted.

In this case, the same characteristic parameters as those used during teaching are used as the characteristic parameters.

Next, in step ST44, the control unit 31 compares the characteristic parameter of the inspected printed circuit board 10-2 with the characteristic parameter of the inspected printed circuit board 10-1 stored in the teaching table 25 to perform the inspected print. Board 10-2
Each part 13b in the above parts placement area without misalignment,
After determining whether all are mounted, the determination result is stored in the memory 24 in step ST45.

After that, the control unit 31 CRs the determination result in step ST46.
It is displayed on the T display 28 and is printed out from the printer 29. Then, the control unit 31 proceeds to step ST47.
Check whether all the divided areas of the inspected printed circuit board 10-2 have been subjected to the above-mentioned processing, and if the divided areas which have not been processed yet are finished, this step ST47 to step 41 Then, the processing described above is executed for the remaining divided areas.

Thus, in this embodiment, the teaching board
Since the window screen file created using 32 etc. can be corrected later, an accurate window screen file can be obtained even if this teaching board 32 is roughly made.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the teaching board 32
As the base substrate, black is used and the parts are painted white.However, it is recommended to use the component mounted on the base substrate coated with UV excitation fluorescent agent or daylight excitation fluorescent agent on the entire surface. May be.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, each printed circuit board 10-1,
The characteristic parameters of each component are extracted from the binarized image data obtained by imaging 10-2, but before the imaging of each of these printed boards 10-1 and 10-2, It is also possible to take an image and extract the characteristic parameter of each component from the binarized image data of each printed circuit board 10-1, 10-2 while referring to the binarized image data of this bare substrate.

Further, the present invention can be applied not only to the printed circuit board inspection device described above but also to a mounter or the like.

<< Effects of the Invention >> As described above, according to the present invention, a window screen file or the like created based on a teaching board,
Since it can be modified later, an accurate window screen file can always be obtained even if this teaching board or the like is made roughly.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of a printed circuit board inspection apparatus to which an embodiment of the printed circuit board processing apparatus according to the present invention is applied, FIG. 2 is a plan view showing an example of a keyboard used in the same embodiment, and FIG. (A) to (C) are flow charts showing an example of the teaching operation of the same embodiment, FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing an example of the inspection operation of the same embodiment, and FIGS. 5 (A) and 5 (B) are FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing an example of a screen of the same embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an example of a conventional automatic inspection device for a printed circuit board. 10-1, 10-2 ... Printed circuit board, 13a, 13b ... Parts, 25
…… Parts information storage (teaching table), 30 ……
Input unit (keyboard), 31 ... control unit, 32 ... teaching board.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A printed circuit board processing apparatus for processing a printed circuit board, wherein a part information storage means for storing beforehand information about a frame of a part showing a part area on the printed circuit board, and a standard on which the part is mounted properly. Image pickup means for picking up an image of a printed circuit board to generate image pickup data, display means for displaying the image pickup data by superimposing a frame of a part showing the part area, and a part showing the part area related to the display of the display means. A printed circuit board processing apparatus, comprising: a correction unit that corrects information about the frame of (1) according to a correction operation.