JPH0756273B2 - Scroll type compressor - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a scroll compressor used as a refrigerant compressor for refrigeration and air conditioning, refrigerators and the like.

2. Description of the Related Art The basic structure, the lubrication method, and the like will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 9. In order to facilitate the description, a solid line arrow showing the flow direction of the working gas and a broken line arrow showing the flow direction of the lubricating oil are inserted. FIG. 7 shows the overall configuration of a conventional hermetic scroll type compressor for an air conditioner. The compressor includes both fixed scroll 1 and orbiting scroll 2 which are compression elements, an automatic preventing member 3 for preventing rotation of the orbiting scroll 2 and a main shaft 4, and three bearing portions for supporting the main shaft 4, namely, orbiting. The bearing 5 and the main bearing 6, the auxiliary bearing 7, the electric motor 8 and the stationary member block 9 for fixing the fixed scroll 1 are included. These components are housed inside the closed container 10.

The flow of the refrigerant gas will be described.

The low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant gas is guided from the suction pipe 11 and reaches the suction chamber 12 in the fixed scroll 1. As shown in FIG. 7, the refrigerant gas reaching the compression element part is gradually reduced in the closed spaces 13a and 13b formed by both scrolls due to the revolving movement of the orbiting scroll 2 which is prevented from rotating, and the central part of the scroll is formed. As the refrigerant gas moves, the pressure of the refrigerant gas increases and the central discharge hole
It is discharged from 14. The discharged high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas fills the space 18 around the electric motor through the space 15 between the containers in the closed container 10 and the communication passages 16 and 17, and is guided to the outside through the discharge pipe 19.

On the other hand, in the back pressure chamber 20 in the space surrounded by the back surface of the orbiting scroll 2 and the block 9, the gas force in the thrust direction due to the gas pressure in the plurality of closed spaces formed by the orbiting and fixed scrolls 1 and 2. In order to counter the above, an intermediate pressure between the suction pressure and the discharge pressure acts. The setting of the intermediate pressure is performed by providing the end plates 2a of the orbiting scroll 2 with pores 2b and 2c, through which the gas inside the scroll being compressed is guided to the back pressure chamber 20, and the gas is provided on the back surface of the orbiting scroll 2. Applying force.

Next, the flow of lubricating oil will be described.

The lubricating oil 21 is retained at the bottom of the closed container 10. The lower end of the main shaft 4 is immersed in oil at the bottom of the container, and the eccentric shaft part 4a is placed above the main shaft.
The eccentric shaft portion 4a is engaged with the orbiting scroll 2 which is the scroll compression element portion via the orbiting bearing 5.
The spindle 4 has an eccentric vertical hole 4a for supplying oil to each bearing.
Is formed from the lower end of the main shaft to the upper end surface of the main shaft. Lubricating oil 21
The lower end of the main shaft 4 immersed in the inside is in a high pressure discharge pressure (Pd) atmosphere, while the surroundings of the slewing bearing 5 on the downstream side are in an intermediate pressure (Pm) atmosphere, so the pressure difference of (Pd-Pm) As a result, the lubricating oil 21 at the bottom of the container rises in the eccentric vertical hole 4b.
The lubricating oil that has risen in the eccentric vertical hole 4b is supplied to the auxiliary bearing 7, the main bearing 6 and the slewing bearing 5, and is guided to the back pressure chamber 20 through the respective bearing gaps. The lubricating oil that has reached the back pressure chamber 20 is injected into the working chamber formed by the scrolls 1 and 2 through the pores 2b and 2c, and is mixed with the refrigerant gas inside the scroll wrap. Next, the lubricating oil is pressurized with the refrigerant gas, and moves to the electric motor chamber 18 through the discharge hole 14, the discharge chamber 15, and the communication passages 16 and 17. The lubricating oil that has reached the electric motor chamber 18 falls to the bottom of the container 10 due to its own weight, is stored again at the bottom of the container, and is used for lubrication of each part.

In addition, a part of the lubricating oil discharged from the discharge hole 14 of the fixed scroll 1 collects in the oil sump portion 22 of the fixed scroll 1,
It drops into the annular groove 23 of the end plate portion 2a of the orbiting scroll 2 through the pores 1b communicating with the end plate 1a of the fixed scroll 1, and lubricates the end plate portion 2a of the orbiting scroll 2 with sliding lubrication. Lubricate the second lap.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in the above-described configuration, since the lubrication of the end plate portion 2a is performed through the pores 1b of the oil sump portion 22 of the fixed scroll 1, the oil sump portion 22 is not formed after the operation is started. Lubrication is possible only after the lubricating oil has accumulated. Therefore, the wear of the end plate portion 2a is increased, the mechanical loss is increased, and the EER (energy consumption efficiency) is reduced.

Further, in order to refuel the end plate portion 2a and the lap portion of the orbiting scroll 2, it is necessary to provide refueling passages from the fixed scroll 1 and the back pressure chamber 20 in two directions, resulting in a complicated structure and high cost. It was

The present invention solves such a conventional problem, and provides a scroll-type compressor capable of simultaneously performing lubricating oil supply to an end plate portion and a lap portion of an orbiting scroll with a simple structure.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, a scroll compressor of the present invention is provided in a back pressure chamber provided on the opposite lap side of an orbiting scroll and an end plate of an orbiting scroll or a fixed scroll. An annular groove, one end of which communicates with the annular groove, the other end of which communicates with the back pressure chamber in the outward direction, and one end of which communicates with the annular groove.
The other end is provided with an inner groove communicating with the suction chamber, and the outer groove and the inner groove are arranged with an angular offset in the circumferential direction.

Effect The present invention provides one or more grooves on the outer peripheral side and the inner side of the annular groove on the orbiting scroll or the fixed scroll end plate so that the end plate portion of the orbiting scroll is directly lubricated from the back pressure chamber. Therefore, it is possible to refuel the end plate portion quickly after the start of operation, reduce the end plate wear, prevent the EER from decreasing, and reduce the cost.

EXAMPLE An example of a scroll type compressor of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings (FIGS. 1 to 6). In the figure, the same parts as those in FIGS. 7 to 9 of the conventional example are designated by the same reference numerals.

In FIGS. 1 to 3, reference numeral 24 denotes a groove provided toward the outside of the annular groove 23 of the end plate 2a of the orbiting scroll 2,
25 is a groove provided toward the inside of the annular groove 23.
The end of 25 is located in the suction chamber 12.

Another embodiment is shown in FIGS. 4 to 6. In FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, 26 is an annular groove provided on the end plate 1a of the fixed scroll 1, 27 is a groove provided toward the outside of the annular groove 26, and the end of the groove 27 is always A groove 28 communicating with the back pressure chamber 20 is provided toward the inside of the annular groove 26, and the end of the groove 28 is located in the suction chamber 12.

In the scroll type compressor configured as described above,
Since the pressure in the back pressure chamber 20 communicates with the suction chamber 12 through the outer grooves 24, 27 and the inner grooves 25, 28 of the annular groove 23 of the orbiting scroll 2 or the annular groove 26 of the fixed scroll 1, the discharge pressure is reduced. The intermediate pressure between the suction pressure and the suction pressure acts.

Therefore, the lubricating oil 21 stored in the lower portion of the closed container 10 is guided to the back pressure chamber 20 by the differential pressure, and further, the route of the outer groove 24, the annular groove 23, the inner groove 25 of the orbiting scroll 2, or , Enters the suction chamber 12 via the route of the outer groove 27, the annular groove 26, and the inner groove 28 of the fixed scroll 1. The lubricating oil that has flowed into the suction chamber 12 is discharged from the discharge hole 14 while lubricating the scroll wrap, passes through the communication passages 16 and 17, and
0 It will fall to the bottom.

As described above, according to the present invention, the end plate of the orbiting scroll 2 is provided.
An outer groove 24 and an inner groove 25 are provided in the annular groove 23 of 2a, or an annular groove 26 is formed on the end plate 1a of the fixed scroll 1, and an outer groove 27 and an inner groove 28 are formed in the annular groove 26. By providing the above, it is possible to perform lubrication lubrication of the end plate portion 2a of the orbiting scroll 2 and lubrication lubrication of the scroll wrap.

As described above, the present invention has a back pressure chamber provided on the opposite wrap side of an orbiting scroll, an annular groove provided on an end plate of an orbiting scroll or a fixed scroll, and one end of which communicates with the annular groove. An outer groove whose end communicates with the back pressure chamber, and an inner groove whose one end communicates with the annular groove and the other end communicates with the suction chamber are provided. Since the oil in the back pressure chamber is guided to the suction chamber from the groove in the outer direction through the annular groove in the end plate portion and the groove in the inner direction by arranging with the angle offset in the direction, Since the end plate can be refueled from the back pressure chamber in a short time after the start of operation, there is an effect of preventing a decrease in EER due to an increase in mechanical loss.

Further, since the end plate and the wrap can be simultaneously supplied with oil, a complicated structure such as providing an oil sump in the fixed scroll is not required, and the cost can be reduced.

Further, the oil supply to the end plate portion is supplied from the groove in the outer direction over the entire circumference of the annular groove, and then guided to the suction chamber through the groove in the inner direction, so that the oil is supplied to the entire sliding portion of the end plate portion.
The sealing can be performed, and the reliability of the sliding portion and the efficiency of the compressor are improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a scroll type compressor showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the orbiting scroll of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is mainly the fixed scroll of FIG. FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view of a scroll type compressor showing another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a horizontal sectional view of the fixed scroll of FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is the same as FIG. FIG. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view centering around the fixed scroll of FIG. 7, FIG. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a conventional scroll compressor, FIG. 8 is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing a meshing state of the scroll of FIG. 7, and FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view centering on the fixed scroll of FIG. 1-fixed scroll, 1a-fixed scroll end plate, 2
…… Orbiting scroll, 2a …… Orbiting scroll end plate, 23,2
6 …… Annular groove, 24,27 …… Outward groove, 25,28 …… Inward groove.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A fixed scroll having a spiral wrap on the end plate and an orbiting scroll having a spiral wrap on the end plate are engaged with each other with the wraps facing each other so that the fixed scroll does not apparently rotate on its own. The orbiting scroll makes an orbiting motion and performs gas compression, and a back pressure chamber provided on the opposite wrap side of the orbiting scroll, an annular groove provided on the end plate of the orbiting scroll or the fixed scroll, and one end An outer groove communicating with the annular groove, the other end communicating with the back pressure chamber, and an inner groove communicating with the annular groove at one end and the suction chamber at the other end,
The scroll type compressor in which the groove in the outer direction and the groove in the inner direction are arranged with an angle offset in the circumferential direction.