JPH0757923B2 - How to place sleepers and dog nails - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a sleeper used in a railway track or the like and a method of driving a dog nail for fastening a rail or the like to the sleeper.

(Prior Art) On railroad tracks and the like, sleepers made of wood or thermosetting resin foam reinforced with long fibers are used for laying rails. To fasten the rail to this sleeper,
As shown in FIG. 4 (a), the dog nail c is driven on the sleeper d so that the head portion of the dog nail c is locked to the base portion b of the rail a, or FIG. ), The dog nail c is placed on the sleeper d via the tie plate e.

In this case, the dog nails are generally placed at both ends of the sleeper d and close to the mouth end f.

(Problems to be solved by the present invention) However, in the above-mentioned conventional technique, when the dog nail is struck on the sleeper, shear failure occurs in the fiber arrangement direction of the sleeper d as shown in FIG. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), there are drawbacks that cracks occur, the dog nail easily comes off from the sleepers, and corrosion of the dog nail is accelerated due to intrusion of rainwater or the like.

In particular, when the sleeper is made of a thermosetting resin foam reinforced with long fibers embedded in the longitudinal direction, there is a problem that shear fracture or crack is likely to occur along the fiber orientation direction. . Specifically, shear failure (see FIG. 5 (a)) occurred when the dog nail driving position was within 50 mm from the wood mouth, and cracks occurred when the dog nail driving position was 50 to 100 mm.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and its purpose is to make a sleeper and dog nail that do not cause shear fracture or crack near the mouth of the sleeper when the dog nail is placed. To provide a driving method.

(Means for Solving the Problem) The sleeper of the present invention has a sleeper main body in which the fiber arranging direction is the longitudinal direction, a hole having a diameter of 1.5 times or more the dog nail side length is bored, and the bored hole In the plug hole, a plug having a diameter substantially the same as that of the drilled hole and in which fibers are arrayed in a certain direction is inserted, and the fiber array direction of the plug and the fiber array direction of the sleeper main body cross each other. It is a feature.

Further, in the dog nail driving method of the present invention, a hole is bored at a diameter of 1.5 times the dog nail side length or more at a position where the dog nail of the sleeper body in which the fiber direction is the longitudinal direction is driven. The step and the embedding plug in which fibers are arranged in a fixed direction and having substantially the same diameter as the hole, so that the fiber direction of the embedding intersects with the fiber direction of the sleeper body, and an adhesive is used. It consists of the step of inserting into the hole, and the step of driving the dog nail into the approximately central portion of the inserted embolus.

In the present invention, as the sleepers whose fiber direction is the longitudinal direction, besides natural wood, for example, a thermosetting resin foam reinforced with long fibers embedded in the longitudinal direction is used. The thermosetting resin foam is formed into a columnar body.

In addition, as the hole to be drilled in the above sleeper,
It is a hole with a diameter of 1.5 times or more, and it is drilled at the position where the dog nail is placed, that is, at the position close to the mouth.

The plug according to the present invention has the same diameter as the hole, and is obtained by processing the same material as the sleeper into a cylindrical shape. In this case, the fiber direction of the plug is arranged in a fixed direction orthogonal to the insertion direction of the plug.

In the present invention, the dog nail side length refers to the length of one side of the cross section of the prismatic portion, which is the lower neck portion of the dog nail to be driven.

In the present invention, the diameter of each of the drilling hole and the plug is limited as described above, but when the dog nail is driven into the plug, it is near the mouth of the sleeper when the dog nail is less than 1.5 times the side length. Causes shear fracture or cracks, which is not preferable.

(Operation) Since the present invention is configured as described above, the embedding plug intersecting with the fibers arranged in the longitudinal direction of the sleeper body is easily compressed in the longitudinal direction of the sleeper body. Therefore, when the dog nail is driven into the plug and the dog nail is driven into the plug in a wedge shape, the compressive stress generated in the longitudinal direction of the sleeper body acts in the direction crossing the arrangement direction of the fibers of the plug. Since it is absorbed by crushing the plug, shear stress does not reach the mouth side of the sleeper body.

(Embodiment) An embodiment of the method for placing a sleeper and a dog nail of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, 1 is a sleeper body, 2 is a thermosetting resin foam made of hard urethane resin, and 3 is a long fiber made of glass roving. The long fibers 3 are arranged in the longitudinal direction, and constitute the sleeper body 1 in a state of being dispersed and embedded in the foam 2.

Reference numeral 4 is a hole formed near the mouth end 5 of the sleeper body 1.

Reference numeral 6 denotes a plug, which is formed of the same material as that used for the sleeper body 1 into a cylindrical shape. The long fibers 7 dispersed and embedded in the foam of the plug 4 are arranged so as to be orthogonal to the direction of the driving axis of the plug 6.

The embedding plug 6 is embedded in the perforation hole 4 via an epoxy adhesive made of a curable resin, and when the rail 8 is placed on the sleeper, as shown in FIG. Will be driven.

The holes 4 and the plugs 6 have substantially the same diameter,
As shown in FIG. 3, each diameter d is 1.5 times or more of the side length D of the dog nail 9, and the arrangement direction of the fibers 5 of the embedding plug 6 is relative to the arrangement direction of the fibers 3 of the sleeper body 1. Crossing angle α
Is in the range of 30 to 90 °.

Next, a method of driving a dog nail on a sleeper will be described, for example, an example of driving a dog nail on a sleeper laid on a railroad track.

In FIGS. 1 and 3, a hole having a diameter of 1.5 times or more of the side length D of the dog nail 9 is formed at a position where the dog nail 9 of the sleeper main body 1 in which the fibers 3 are arranged in the longitudinal direction is placed. 4 is drilled. An adhesive agent made of a thermosetting resin so that the embedding plug 6 having the same diameter as the hole 4 is arranged so that the arrangement direction of the fibers 5 of the embedding plug 6 intersects with the arrangement direction of the fibers 3 of the sleeper body 1. Drive into the drilling hole 4 through.

Subsequently, a pilot hole is bored in a substantially central portion of the embedding plug 4, a large nail 9 is driven in the pilot hole, and the head 91 of the dog nail is locked to the base 81 of the rail 8. At this time, the dog nail 9 is driven into the embedding plug 4 in a wedge shape, and a compressive stress is generated. The plug 4 is crushed in the longitudinal direction of the sleeper body 1 to absorb the compressive stress, and the sleeper body 1
The force that tries to shear the side of the wood mouth 5 weakens.

(Effects of the Invention) Since the sleeper and the method of driving the dog nail of the present invention are configured as described above, even if the driving position of the dog nail is close to the mouth of the dog, the dog nail is attached to the plug. By placing, the dog nail will not come off from the sleeper without shear fracture or crack near the mouth of the sleeper.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view for explaining the sleeper of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view for explaining a method of driving a dog nail according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway enlarged perspective view for explaining a dimensional relationship in which the plug is inserted into the hole of the sleeper body, FIG. 4 (a),
FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view for explaining a conventional example, and FIGS. 5A and 5B are partially cutaway enlarged perspective views showing a broken state near the mouth of a sleeper when a dog nail is placed according to the conventional example. It is a figure. Explanation of reference numerals 1 ... Sleeper body, 3 ... Fiber, 4 ... Drilling hole, 5 ... Mouth opening, 6 ... Plug, 7 ... Fiber inside plug, 8 ... Rail, 9 ... Dog Nail.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A hole having a diameter of 1.5 times or more of a dog nail side length is bored in a sleeper main body in which fibers are arranged in a longitudinal direction, and the bore has a diameter substantially the same as that of the bored hole. A sleeper in which fibers are arranged in a certain direction is inserted, and a direction in which the fibers of the plug are arranged and a direction in which the fibers of the sleeper body are arranged intersect with each other. 2. A step of forming a hole at a position at which a dog nail is placed in a main body of a sleeper having a longitudinal fiber direction, the hole having a diameter of 1.5 times or more the dog nail side length, and the hole. A step of inserting a plug having substantially the same diameter and having fibers arranged in a constant direction so that the fiber direction of the plug crosses the fiber direction of the sleeper body, and is inserted into a hole through an adhesive; A method of driving a dog nail, which comprises the step of driving a dog nail approximately in the center of the inserted plug.